5 standards-based content resources: a prerequisite for content integration and content...

FOSS-AMASatellite event

Christian GalinskiInfoterm

Austria

Standards-based Content Resources – Content integration and interoperability

27-28 March 2010, Paphos, Cyprus


Many heterogeneous ontologies

Many deficient content repositories

People with special needs not respected

Many industry standards – gaps in open standards

standardized content repositoriescontent interoperability based on

open standards

Motivation, problem area


FOSS-AMASatellite event Research objectives

Global content interoperability

of content repositories

based on open standards

for people with special needs



Research approach, methodology

Standardization open standards for:

- harmonized data models

- harmonized data dictionaries

- ontology integration and interoperability

- content repositories


FOSS-AMASatellite event Major outcomes / results

Standardization for interoperability I:

- classification

- „catalogues“ (=structures/formats)

- properties

- concept databases


FOSS-AMASatellite event Major outcomes / results

Standardization for interoperability II:

- web-based workflows

- transparent procedures

- metadata registries (ISO 11179 etc.)

- federated content repositories

- verification, validation, certification


FOSS-AMASatellite event STANDARDIZATION

=open standardsactivity of establishing, with regard to actual or potential problems, provisions for common and repeated use,

aimed at the achievement of the optimum degree of order in a given context

NOTE 1: In particular, the activity consists of the processes of formulating, issuing and implementing standards.

NOTE 2: Important benefits of standardization are improvement of the suitability of products, processes and services for their intended purposes, prevention of barriers to trade and facilitation of technological cooperation.


FOSS-AMASatellite event CONSENSUS

"General agreement, characterized by the absence of sustained opposition to substantial issues by any important part of the concerned interests and by a process that involves seeking to take into account the views of all parties concerned and to reconcile any conflicting arguments".

(ISO/IEC Guide 2:1991)


FOSS-AMASatellite event Content standards

too many standards? industry standards standards lacking/being insufficient? open standards standards concerning content:

• content items/entities• metadata, data modelling, metamodels• repositories / registries• cooperative work & workflow methodology• maintenance (incl. legal issues)• services concerning structured content• requirements for business models• design of support tools

standards should be examined, whether they support or hinder multi-linguality, multimodality and cultural diversity (very important for SMEs)


FOSS-AMASatellite event MoU/MG N0221

Semantic Interoperability and the need for a coherent policy for a framework of distributed, possibly federated reposi-tories for all kinds of content items on a world-wide scale

adopted in 2005 http://isotc.iso.org/livelink/livelink/fetch/2000/2489/Ittf_Home/MoU-MG/Moumg221.pdf


FOSS-AMASatellite event Content Interoperability

semantic interoperabilitycontent interoperability = capability of content items / entities(i.e. structured content at the level of lexical semantics)

to be integrated into or combined with other (types of) content items / entities

to be extensively re-used for other purposes (also sub-items/entities to be re-usable/ re-purposable)

to be searchable, retrievable, recombinable from different points of view



Examples

It‘s all catalogues



JTA Symposium, Toyohashi 2009-11-27

Structured content: Example 2: traffic informatics

Way to the airport – turn right in 5 km

Way to the train station – down to the right

ZONE = verbalred ring = (morphology) prohibition sign30 = micro-proposition: max speed 30km/ h

variable message sign boards

5km




Representation elements- automatic segmentation?- “fuzzy search”?

=

“Morphology”of pictogrammes




Structured content Example 3: product catalogues

e.g. complex entry in a product catalogue Name of company (® enterprise) Name of product (model) (™ enterprise) Generic name of product (e.g. © HS) Class (name under which the product falls) (e.g. © eCl@ss) Verbal/ textual description (© enterprise) Picture (© enterprise) Technical data

• (unified) branch properties (e.g. © OAGi)• Standardized characteristics (e.g. © DIN)• Enterprise product specific data (e.g. for collaborative business)• Enterprise internal data (maybe confidential/secret)

225/55/16 V




Structured content: example 4Learning object: Kanji Flashcard 「休」

CLIL – Content and Language Integrated Learning

Front side: kanji, examplesand additional information

Back side: lexems, pronunciation, meaningsand additional informationSource: Whiterabbit kanji flashcard




Structured content: example 5




Mobile phone user interface

How many menu items and messages? (incl. icons) in how many languages?

16,000 in more than 100 languages



“Fastened by a steel 3-1/2” threaded bolt”

“Fastened by an aluminum 3-1/2” threaded bolt”

“Fastened by a steel 3-1/2” threaded bolt”

Source: Ben Martin (J.D. Edwards) 2002

Updating Item Descriptions 1Updating Item Descriptions 1



Out to different exchanges and formats

CD-ROM

MODEL 1ORIGINAL MODEL 2 MODEL 3 MODEL 4 MODEL 5

ebXML

cXML





MODEL 1ORIGINAL MODEL 2 MODEL 3 MODEL 4 MODEL 5

… ideally into various languages

CD-ROM

ENGLISHFRENCHGERMAN

DUTCHSWEDISH

ebXML

cXML




FOSS-AMASatellite event Structured content

More often than not different kinds of

content items are

combined with or

embedded in

each other

new requirements on content!


FOSS-AMASatellite event Language +

Multimodalitynot only written spoken…

Non-linguistic representations: graphical symbols, etc.

Multi-channel output:from large display boards to PDA displays

+eInclusion / eAccessibility


FOSS-AMASatellite event COSTS

Costs of content creation and maintenance

Items of structured content occur in all kinds of

technical documentationcosts




Manufacturer Supplier/Customer

Procurement

Maintenance & Support

Production/Installation

Disposal

Development

R & D

Engineering Data Managementfor Maintenance/Support

Product Specification,Retrieval und Classification

Product Disposal

Delivered ProductSpecification

Procurement XML / EDI

e-business Protocols

e-Engineering – Processesthroughout the entire product life-cycle


FOSS-AMASatellite event Global IOp

Interoperable methods & models

coherent combination of methods:

ISO/TC 37 “Terminology and other language and content resources”

ONE methodology


FOSS-AMASatellite event IOp STANDARDS

Increasingly standards developing organizations (SDOs) are cooperating on the agreed basis of

ISO 13584 Series ISO 11179 Series ISO/TC 37 standards

taking into account the basic requirements for content interoperability: multilinguality, multimodality, multimedia, eAccessibility / eInclusion, multi-channel


FOSS-AMASatellite event SOLUTIONS

Standardization of metadata metadata registries(properties for products and services, terminology, graphical symbols, etc.) reliable data / data quality

Standardized data models and exchange formats to insure interoperability of data and systems

Online workflows for developmentand maintenance of data


FOSS-AMASatellite event Examples

It‘s happening!




Cross Industry Online Dictionaryfor product describing properties(www.DINsml.net)

Online standardization workflowaccording to DIN 820

Data-model: ISO 13584/IEC 61360

more then 6500 properties and classesin standardization process

more than 1400 properties from IEC included

Best practice 1: DIN Online Dictionary - www.DINsml.net

Register online forread only access !

(free of charge)




www.DINsml.net




Display details of product property




Best practice 2:eCl@ss – Service Portal

Create Change Requests online(registration free of charge)

Online processing of CRsBetter support for users andmembers of expert groups- more information- faster processing- higher cost efficiency

16 language released andadditional languages in preparation




Administration of Change Requests




Create Change Request (CR)




Changes of Texts




“Translations”




Best practice 3:ISO Concept Database

Database for Online development and maintenance of Concepts to be used across ISO TCs

Standardized content shall be made available online for use in standardization, industry and trade

Concepts may include: graphical symbols terms and definitions product properties reference data of all types classification systems codes (for various types of objects) units of measurements etc


FOSS-AMASatellite event ISO/CDB

May 2008 - First presentation at ISO internal IT-strategy meeting in Milano October 2008 – Presentation at ISO General Assembly in Dubai January 2009 – beta-version evaluation October 2009 – presentation at ISO General Assembly in South Africa October 2009 – public release for look-up

October 2010 – incl. coding systems, SI symbols, metadata / data categories,

October 2011 – upgradingsupport tool for content standardization




Multilingual Definitions (scope)




Standardized Graphical Symbols


FOSS-AMASatellite event Lessons learned

Worldwide collaborative online development of multilingual and reliable content is feasible

Harmonization of workflows betweenorganizations creating content is necessary

Free availability of reliable meta data (terminology, product properties, graphical symbols,…) is a key factor for security of investments

Standardization in content reduces the complexity of business processes


FOSS-AMASatellite event Data quality

QUALITY RELIABILITY

the totality of features and characteristics of a product or service that bear on its ability to satisfy stated or implied needs

Reliability liabilityreduce risks and liability


FOSS-AMASatellite event QUALITY

The quality of something can be determined by comparing a set of inherent characteristics with a set of requirements.

If those inherent characteristics meet all requirements, high or excellent quality is achieved. If those characteristics do not meet all requirements, a low or poor level of quality is achieved.

Quality is, therefore, a question of degree. As a result, the central quality question is: How well does this set of inherent characteristics comply with this set of requirements? In short, the quality of something depends on a set of inherent characteristics and a set of requirements and how well the former complies with the latter.

According to this definition, quality is a relative concept. By linking quality to requirements, ISO 9000 argues that the quality of something cannot be established in a vacuum. Quality is always relative to a set of requirements.

http://www.praxiom.com/iso-definition.htm#Quality

http://www.praxiom.com/iso-definition.htm#Quality


FOSS-AMASatellite event ISO 9000 principles

ISO 9004 (a supporting standard of 9001) dictates the 8 principles that the ISO 9001 definition is based on. These are:

Customer Focus Organization Leadership Involvement of People Process Approach System Approach to Management Continual Improvement Factual Approach to Decision Making Mutually Beneficial Supplier Relationships


FOSS-AMASatellite event Conformity assessment

demonstration that specified requirements relating to a product, process, system, person or body are fulfilled

NOTE 1 The subject field of conformity assessment includes activities defined elsewhere in this International Standard, such as testing, inspection and certification, as well as the accreditation of conformity assessment bodies.

NOTE 2 The expression “object of conformity assessment” or “object” is used in this International Standard to encompass any particular material, product, installation, process, system, person or body to which conformity assessment is applied. A service is covered by the definition of a product.


FOSS-AMASatellite event CERTIFICATION

third-party attestation related to products, processes, systems or persons

NOTE 1 Certification of a management system is sometimes also called registration.

NOTE 2 Certification is applicable to all objects of conformity assessment except for conformity assessment bodies (2.5) themselves, to which accreditation (5.6) is applicable.


FOSS-AMASatellite event Standards compliance

Standards compliance needs to be assessed according to validation/verification criteria, defined as policy, procedure or requirement used as a reference against which evidence is compared.

2 closely related systematic, independent and documented processes:

• Verification • Validation


FOSS-AMASatellite event Verification & validation

Verification uses objective evidence that (specified) requirements which define an intended use or application have been met for the sake of the evaluation of assertions against agreed verification criteria. Whenever specified requirements have been met, a verified status is achieved.

Validation uses objective evidence to confirm that (specified) require-ments which define an intended use or application have been met. Whenever all requirements have been met, a validated status is achieved.


FOSS-AMASatellite event Global content IOp

Structured content in eAccessibility/eInclusion may come from or be re-used / re-purposed in:

eHealth, eGovernment, eLearning and other eApplicationsgeneric approach based on open standards

Communication in eAccessibility/eInclusion:• communication between impaired people (directly or through ICT devices),• communication between impaired people and the tools they use,• communication between the tools

Standardization of metadata, data models, messages, protocols, conversion of all sorts, multilinguality (incl. cultural diversity), multimodality, user interfaces design for all (DfA) etc.


FOSS-AMASatellite event Conclusion and outlook

Content integration – whether in the form of virtual or real data integration – and content interoperability must be based among others on:

• Consistent methodology standards for datamodels and data modelling;

• Coordinated standardization of several kinds of structured content;

• Standardized identification systems for individual pieces of information;

• Standardized transfer protocols and interchange formats;in order to be efficient and reliable.

5 standards-based content resources: a prerequisite for content integration and content...

Technology

content standards

open standards standards

open standards activity

content itemsentities

kinds of content items

onopen standards forpeople

onopen standards motivation

industry standards gaps