3D Holographic DisplayBy Dwijay Bane Utkarsh Bhaskar

What is a Hologram

A Hologram is a picture that changes when looked at from different angles

Holography is a technique that allows the light scattered from an object to be recorded and later reconstructed so that it appears as if the object is in the same position relative to the recording medium as it was when recorded

How does Hologram Works Typically coherent light

from a laser is reflected from an object and combined at the film with light from an reference beam

Interference pattern produced by beam is recorded

The resulting light field is an apparently random pattern of varying intensity which is the Hologram

Characteristics of Hologram

Photography of light wave interference 3D in nature Lens less photography Any part of the Hologram contains the

whole image The images are Scalable

3D Classification Techniques to generate virtual 3D ndash Real 3D techniques Recreates a 3D scene in real 3D room Holography ndash True 3D techniques Recreates a 3D scene by displaying one unique view for each eye True 3D classification ndash Stereoscopic 3D Use of special viewing glasses ndash Auto stereoscopic 3D No viewing equipment

Binocular Cues

stereo parallax mdash seeing a different image with each eye

movement parallax mdash seeing different images when we move our heads

accommodation mdash the eyesrsquo lenses focus on the object of interest

convergence mdash both eyes converge on the object of interest Gives distance information

Stereoscopic Display

It was first invented by Sir Charles Wheatstone in 1838

Stereoscopy (also called stereoscopic or 3-D imaging) is any technique capable of recording three-dimensional visual information or creating the illusion of depth in an image

The easiest way to enhance depth perception in the brain is to provide the eyes of the viewer with two different images representing two perspectives of the same object with a minor deviation exactly equal to the perspectives that both eyes naturally receive in binocular vision

Anaglyphic images needs special Spectacles

What is a Hologram

A Hologram is a picture that changes when looked at from different angles

Holography is a technique that allows the light scattered from an object to be recorded and later reconstructed so that it appears as if the object is in the same position relative to the recording medium as it was when recorded

How does Hologram Works Typically coherent light

from a laser is reflected from an object and combined at the film with light from an reference beam

Interference pattern produced by beam is recorded

The resulting light field is an apparently random pattern of varying intensity which is the Hologram

Characteristics of Hologram

Photography of light wave interference 3D in nature Lens less photography Any part of the Hologram contains the

whole image The images are Scalable

3D Classification Techniques to generate virtual 3D ndash Real 3D techniques Recreates a 3D scene in real 3D room Holography ndash True 3D techniques Recreates a 3D scene by displaying one unique view for each eye True 3D classification ndash Stereoscopic 3D Use of special viewing glasses ndash Auto stereoscopic 3D No viewing equipment

Binocular Cues

stereo parallax mdash seeing a different image with each eye

movement parallax mdash seeing different images when we move our heads

accommodation mdash the eyesrsquo lenses focus on the object of interest

convergence mdash both eyes converge on the object of interest Gives distance information

Stereoscopic Display

It was first invented by Sir Charles Wheatstone in 1838

Stereoscopy (also called stereoscopic or 3-D imaging) is any technique capable of recording three-dimensional visual information or creating the illusion of depth in an image

The easiest way to enhance depth perception in the brain is to provide the eyes of the viewer with two different images representing two perspectives of the same object with a minor deviation exactly equal to the perspectives that both eyes naturally receive in binocular vision

Anaglyphic images needs special Spectacles

How does Hologram Works Typically coherent light

from a laser is reflected from an object and combined at the film with light from an reference beam

Interference pattern produced by beam is recorded

The resulting light field is an apparently random pattern of varying intensity which is the Hologram

Characteristics of Hologram

Photography of light wave interference 3D in nature Lens less photography Any part of the Hologram contains the

whole image The images are Scalable

3D Classification Techniques to generate virtual 3D ndash Real 3D techniques Recreates a 3D scene in real 3D room Holography ndash True 3D techniques Recreates a 3D scene by displaying one unique view for each eye True 3D classification ndash Stereoscopic 3D Use of special viewing glasses ndash Auto stereoscopic 3D No viewing equipment

Binocular Cues

stereo parallax mdash seeing a different image with each eye

movement parallax mdash seeing different images when we move our heads

accommodation mdash the eyesrsquo lenses focus on the object of interest

convergence mdash both eyes converge on the object of interest Gives distance information

Stereoscopic Display

It was first invented by Sir Charles Wheatstone in 1838

Stereoscopy (also called stereoscopic or 3-D imaging) is any technique capable of recording three-dimensional visual information or creating the illusion of depth in an image

The easiest way to enhance depth perception in the brain is to provide the eyes of the viewer with two different images representing two perspectives of the same object with a minor deviation exactly equal to the perspectives that both eyes naturally receive in binocular vision

Anaglyphic images needs special Spectacles

Characteristics of Hologram

Photography of light wave interference 3D in nature Lens less photography Any part of the Hologram contains the

whole image The images are Scalable

3D Classification Techniques to generate virtual 3D ndash Real 3D techniques Recreates a 3D scene in real 3D room Holography ndash True 3D techniques Recreates a 3D scene by displaying one unique view for each eye True 3D classification ndash Stereoscopic 3D Use of special viewing glasses ndash Auto stereoscopic 3D No viewing equipment

Binocular Cues

stereo parallax mdash seeing a different image with each eye

movement parallax mdash seeing different images when we move our heads

accommodation mdash the eyesrsquo lenses focus on the object of interest

convergence mdash both eyes converge on the object of interest Gives distance information

Stereoscopic Display

It was first invented by Sir Charles Wheatstone in 1838

Stereoscopy (also called stereoscopic or 3-D imaging) is any technique capable of recording three-dimensional visual information or creating the illusion of depth in an image

The easiest way to enhance depth perception in the brain is to provide the eyes of the viewer with two different images representing two perspectives of the same object with a minor deviation exactly equal to the perspectives that both eyes naturally receive in binocular vision

Anaglyphic images needs special Spectacles

3D Classification Techniques to generate virtual 3D ndash Real 3D techniques Recreates a 3D scene in real 3D room Holography ndash True 3D techniques Recreates a 3D scene by displaying one unique view for each eye True 3D classification ndash Stereoscopic 3D Use of special viewing glasses ndash Auto stereoscopic 3D No viewing equipment

Binocular Cues

stereo parallax mdash seeing a different image with each eye

movement parallax mdash seeing different images when we move our heads

accommodation mdash the eyesrsquo lenses focus on the object of interest

convergence mdash both eyes converge on the object of interest Gives distance information

Stereoscopic Display

It was first invented by Sir Charles Wheatstone in 1838

Stereoscopy (also called stereoscopic or 3-D imaging) is any technique capable of recording three-dimensional visual information or creating the illusion of depth in an image

The easiest way to enhance depth perception in the brain is to provide the eyes of the viewer with two different images representing two perspectives of the same object with a minor deviation exactly equal to the perspectives that both eyes naturally receive in binocular vision

Anaglyphic images needs special Spectacles

Binocular Cues

stereo parallax mdash seeing a different image with each eye

movement parallax mdash seeing different images when we move our heads

accommodation mdash the eyesrsquo lenses focus on the object of interest

convergence mdash both eyes converge on the object of interest Gives distance information

Stereoscopic Display

It was first invented by Sir Charles Wheatstone in 1838

Stereoscopy (also called stereoscopic or 3-D imaging) is any technique capable of recording three-dimensional visual information or creating the illusion of depth in an image

The easiest way to enhance depth perception in the brain is to provide the eyes of the viewer with two different images representing two perspectives of the same object with a minor deviation exactly equal to the perspectives that both eyes naturally receive in binocular vision

Anaglyphic images needs special Spectacles

Stereoscopic Display

It was first invented by Sir Charles Wheatstone in 1838

Stereoscopy (also called stereoscopic or 3-D imaging) is any technique capable of recording three-dimensional visual information or creating the illusion of depth in an image

The easiest way to enhance depth perception in the brain is to provide the eyes of the viewer with two different images representing two perspectives of the same object with a minor deviation exactly equal to the perspectives that both eyes naturally receive in binocular vision

Anaglyphic images needs special Spectacles

Stereoscopic 3D 3D achieved using special viewing glasses1 Anaglph Method Different views coded in

different color2 Polarised Glasses Different views coded in

different polarization3 Shutter Glasses Different views encoded in

time

Stereoscopic Images

Anaglyph method bull Two different colors for left and right eye bull ( Redgreen redblue redcyan glasses ) Advantages bull Cheap glasses bull Easy to create the images bull No need for special monitor(regular TV works just fine) Disadvantages bull Poor color quality bull Ghosting (right eye sees parts of the left eyes image and vice versa)

Anaglphic Result

Stereoscopic Images Polarization method bull Two different images for left and right eye in space Advantages bull Cheap glasses bull Good color quality and stereo effect Disadvantages bull Expensivelots of equipment (2 projectors projector rack special canvas polarizationfilters) bull Difficult to align the projectors perfectly (can introduce vertical parallax) bull Viewers canrsquot tilt their head sideways

Stereoscopic Images Timeframe-sequential method bull Two different images for left and right eye time multiplexed Advantages bull Good color quality and stereo effect Disadvantages bull More expensive (shutter)glasses (compared to the anaglyph and polarizationmethods) bull Requires a 120Hz display to avoid flickering (60Hz for each eye)

Definitions

A holographic display is one where the image is produced by wavefront reconstruction The ideal stereoscopic display would produce images in real time that exhibit all the characteristics of the original scene

A volumetric display is one where the image is produced within a volume of space

In auto-stereoscopic displays two or more images are seen across the width of the viewing field

ndash Holoform where the variation of the image is effectively continuous (or large number of views) across the viewing field ndash Multi-view where a series of discrete images are produced across the viewing field ndash Binocular where a single stereo pair is seen

Auto-Stereoscopic Display Auto Stereoscopy is a method of displaying

three-dimensional images that can be viewed without the use of special headgear or glasses on the part of the user

No Glasses required Three types Spatial multiplex (eg lenticular or parallax

barrier) Time Sequential Multi projector Used in two different ways Two views with head tracking Single viewer Multiple views Many viewers

Volumetric Displays (Pros and Cons)++They provide motion parallax in both the horizontal and vertical direction Motion parallax is where the image changes with viewpoint and allows the lsquolook aroundrsquo capability++There is no rivalry between accommodation and convergence therefore reducing the possibility of effects such as headaches and nausea

-- Image transparency ndash this is where the front surface of an image allows light from voxels behind it to pass through it-- Difficult video capture ndash volumetric displays are OK for CG images but would require a two-dimensional camera array for video-- Non-Lambertian distribution is not possible to display so that shiny surfaces for example would have an unnatural appearance

Holoform

Advantagesndash Displays motion parallaxndash No accommodation focus rivalry Disadvantagesndash Large amount of information has to be displayedndash Capture requires relatively large camera arrayndash Display hardware can be large

Autostereoscopic no glasses required three types-spatial multiplex (eg lenticular or parallax barrier)-time multiplex (eg Cambridge display)-multi-projector used in two different ways-two views with head tracking single viewer-multiple viewsmany viewers

Volumetric drawing in true 3D space various types -spinning plate (eg Actuality) -crystalline (eg Er3+ doped CaF2) -laser plasma display -vibrating mirror

Problems with 3D display

Each of the technologies has its drawbacks 1048715all technologies except holographic and volumetric -convergencefocus conflict1048715volumetric -always see through1048715holographic -limited depth of field -currently not interactive

• 3D Holographic Display
• What is a Hologram
• How does Hologram Works
• Characteristics of Hologram
• 3D Classification
• Binocular Cues
• Stereoscopic Display
• Stereoscopic 3D
• Stereoscopic Images
• Stereoscopic Images (2)
• Stereoscopic Images (3)
• Definitions
• Auto-Stereoscopic Display
• Slide 14
• Volumetric Displays (Pros and Cons)
• Holoform
• Autostereoscopic
• Volumetric
• Problems with 3D display
• Slide 20

Stereoscopic Images

Anaglyph method bull Two different colors for left and right eye bull ( Redgreen redblue redcyan glasses ) Advantages bull Cheap glasses bull Easy to create the images bull No need for special monitor(regular TV works just fine) Disadvantages bull Poor color quality bull Ghosting (right eye sees parts of the left eyes image and vice versa)

Anaglphic Result

Stereoscopic Images Polarization method bull Two different images for left and right eye in space Advantages bull Cheap glasses bull Good color quality and stereo effect Disadvantages bull Expensivelots of equipment (2 projectors projector rack special canvas polarizationfilters) bull Difficult to align the projectors perfectly (can introduce vertical parallax) bull Viewers canrsquot tilt their head sideways

Stereoscopic Images Timeframe-sequential method bull Two different images for left and right eye time multiplexed Advantages bull Good color quality and stereo effect Disadvantages bull More expensive (shutter)glasses (compared to the anaglyph and polarizationmethods) bull Requires a 120Hz display to avoid flickering (60Hz for each eye)

Definitions

A holographic display is one where the image is produced by wavefront reconstruction The ideal stereoscopic display would produce images in real time that exhibit all the characteristics of the original scene

A volumetric display is one where the image is produced within a volume of space

In auto-stereoscopic displays two or more images are seen across the width of the viewing field

ndash Holoform where the variation of the image is effectively continuous (or large number of views) across the viewing field ndash Multi-view where a series of discrete images are produced across the viewing field ndash Binocular where a single stereo pair is seen

Auto-Stereoscopic Display Auto Stereoscopy is a method of displaying

three-dimensional images that can be viewed without the use of special headgear or glasses on the part of the user

No Glasses required Three types Spatial multiplex (eg lenticular or parallax

barrier) Time Sequential Multi projector Used in two different ways Two views with head tracking Single viewer Multiple views Many viewers

Volumetric Displays (Pros and Cons)++They provide motion parallax in both the horizontal and vertical direction Motion parallax is where the image changes with viewpoint and allows the lsquolook aroundrsquo capability++There is no rivalry between accommodation and convergence therefore reducing the possibility of effects such as headaches and nausea

-- Image transparency ndash this is where the front surface of an image allows light from voxels behind it to pass through it-- Difficult video capture ndash volumetric displays are OK for CG images but would require a two-dimensional camera array for video-- Non-Lambertian distribution is not possible to display so that shiny surfaces for example would have an unnatural appearance

Holoform

Advantagesndash Displays motion parallaxndash No accommodation focus rivalry Disadvantagesndash Large amount of information has to be displayedndash Capture requires relatively large camera arrayndash Display hardware can be large

Autostereoscopic no glasses required three types-spatial multiplex (eg lenticular or parallax barrier)-time multiplex (eg Cambridge display)-multi-projector used in two different ways-two views with head tracking single viewer-multiple viewsmany viewers

Volumetric drawing in true 3D space various types -spinning plate (eg Actuality) -crystalline (eg Er3+ doped CaF2) -laser plasma display -vibrating mirror

Problems with 3D display

Each of the technologies has its drawbacks 1048715all technologies except holographic and volumetric -convergencefocus conflict1048715volumetric -always see through1048715holographic -limited depth of field -currently not interactive

• 3D Holographic Display
• What is a Hologram
• How does Hologram Works
• Characteristics of Hologram
• 3D Classification
• Binocular Cues
• Stereoscopic Display
• Stereoscopic 3D
• Stereoscopic Images
• Stereoscopic Images (2)
• Stereoscopic Images (3)
• Definitions
• Auto-Stereoscopic Display
• Slide 14
• Volumetric Displays (Pros and Cons)
• Holoform
• Autostereoscopic
• Volumetric
• Problems with 3D display
• Slide 20

Stereoscopic Images Polarization method bull Two different images for left and right eye in space Advantages bull Cheap glasses bull Good color quality and stereo effect Disadvantages bull Expensivelots of equipment (2 projectors projector rack special canvas polarizationfilters) bull Difficult to align the projectors perfectly (can introduce vertical parallax) bull Viewers canrsquot tilt their head sideways

Stereoscopic Images Timeframe-sequential method bull Two different images for left and right eye time multiplexed Advantages bull Good color quality and stereo effect Disadvantages bull More expensive (shutter)glasses (compared to the anaglyph and polarizationmethods) bull Requires a 120Hz display to avoid flickering (60Hz for each eye)

Definitions

A holographic display is one where the image is produced by wavefront reconstruction The ideal stereoscopic display would produce images in real time that exhibit all the characteristics of the original scene

A volumetric display is one where the image is produced within a volume of space

In auto-stereoscopic displays two or more images are seen across the width of the viewing field

ndash Holoform where the variation of the image is effectively continuous (or large number of views) across the viewing field ndash Multi-view where a series of discrete images are produced across the viewing field ndash Binocular where a single stereo pair is seen

Auto-Stereoscopic Display Auto Stereoscopy is a method of displaying

three-dimensional images that can be viewed without the use of special headgear or glasses on the part of the user

No Glasses required Three types Spatial multiplex (eg lenticular or parallax

barrier) Time Sequential Multi projector Used in two different ways Two views with head tracking Single viewer Multiple views Many viewers

Volumetric Displays (Pros and Cons)++They provide motion parallax in both the horizontal and vertical direction Motion parallax is where the image changes with viewpoint and allows the lsquolook aroundrsquo capability++There is no rivalry between accommodation and convergence therefore reducing the possibility of effects such as headaches and nausea

-- Image transparency ndash this is where the front surface of an image allows light from voxels behind it to pass through it-- Difficult video capture ndash volumetric displays are OK for CG images but would require a two-dimensional camera array for video-- Non-Lambertian distribution is not possible to display so that shiny surfaces for example would have an unnatural appearance

Holoform

Advantagesndash Displays motion parallaxndash No accommodation focus rivalry Disadvantagesndash Large amount of information has to be displayedndash Capture requires relatively large camera arrayndash Display hardware can be large

Autostereoscopic no glasses required three types-spatial multiplex (eg lenticular or parallax barrier)-time multiplex (eg Cambridge display)-multi-projector used in two different ways-two views with head tracking single viewer-multiple viewsmany viewers

Volumetric drawing in true 3D space various types -spinning plate (eg Actuality) -crystalline (eg Er3+ doped CaF2) -laser plasma display -vibrating mirror

Problems with 3D display

Each of the technologies has its drawbacks 1048715all technologies except holographic and volumetric -convergencefocus conflict1048715volumetric -always see through1048715holographic -limited depth of field -currently not interactive

• 3D Holographic Display
• What is a Hologram
• How does Hologram Works
• Characteristics of Hologram
• 3D Classification
• Binocular Cues
• Stereoscopic Display
• Stereoscopic 3D
• Stereoscopic Images
• Stereoscopic Images (2)
• Stereoscopic Images (3)
• Definitions
• Auto-Stereoscopic Display
• Slide 14
• Volumetric Displays (Pros and Cons)
• Holoform
• Autostereoscopic
• Volumetric
• Problems with 3D display
• Slide 20

Stereoscopic Images Timeframe-sequential method bull Two different images for left and right eye time multiplexed Advantages bull Good color quality and stereo effect Disadvantages bull More expensive (shutter)glasses (compared to the anaglyph and polarizationmethods) bull Requires a 120Hz display to avoid flickering (60Hz for each eye)

Definitions

A holographic display is one where the image is produced by wavefront reconstruction The ideal stereoscopic display would produce images in real time that exhibit all the characteristics of the original scene

A volumetric display is one where the image is produced within a volume of space

In auto-stereoscopic displays two or more images are seen across the width of the viewing field

ndash Holoform where the variation of the image is effectively continuous (or large number of views) across the viewing field ndash Multi-view where a series of discrete images are produced across the viewing field ndash Binocular where a single stereo pair is seen

Auto-Stereoscopic Display Auto Stereoscopy is a method of displaying

three-dimensional images that can be viewed without the use of special headgear or glasses on the part of the user

No Glasses required Three types Spatial multiplex (eg lenticular or parallax

barrier) Time Sequential Multi projector Used in two different ways Two views with head tracking Single viewer Multiple views Many viewers

Volumetric Displays (Pros and Cons)++They provide motion parallax in both the horizontal and vertical direction Motion parallax is where the image changes with viewpoint and allows the lsquolook aroundrsquo capability++There is no rivalry between accommodation and convergence therefore reducing the possibility of effects such as headaches and nausea

-- Image transparency ndash this is where the front surface of an image allows light from voxels behind it to pass through it-- Difficult video capture ndash volumetric displays are OK for CG images but would require a two-dimensional camera array for video-- Non-Lambertian distribution is not possible to display so that shiny surfaces for example would have an unnatural appearance

Holoform

Advantagesndash Displays motion parallaxndash No accommodation focus rivalry Disadvantagesndash Large amount of information has to be displayedndash Capture requires relatively large camera arrayndash Display hardware can be large

Autostereoscopic no glasses required three types-spatial multiplex (eg lenticular or parallax barrier)-time multiplex (eg Cambridge display)-multi-projector used in two different ways-two views with head tracking single viewer-multiple viewsmany viewers

Volumetric drawing in true 3D space various types -spinning plate (eg Actuality) -crystalline (eg Er3+ doped CaF2) -laser plasma display -vibrating mirror

Problems with 3D display

Each of the technologies has its drawbacks 1048715all technologies except holographic and volumetric -convergencefocus conflict1048715volumetric -always see through1048715holographic -limited depth of field -currently not interactive

• 3D Holographic Display
• What is a Hologram
• How does Hologram Works
• Characteristics of Hologram
• 3D Classification
• Binocular Cues
• Stereoscopic Display
• Stereoscopic 3D
• Stereoscopic Images
• Stereoscopic Images (2)
• Stereoscopic Images (3)
• Definitions
• Auto-Stereoscopic Display
• Slide 14
• Volumetric Displays (Pros and Cons)
• Holoform
• Autostereoscopic
• Volumetric
• Problems with 3D display
• Slide 20

Definitions

A holographic display is one where the image is produced by wavefront reconstruction The ideal stereoscopic display would produce images in real time that exhibit all the characteristics of the original scene

A volumetric display is one where the image is produced within a volume of space

In auto-stereoscopic displays two or more images are seen across the width of the viewing field

ndash Holoform where the variation of the image is effectively continuous (or large number of views) across the viewing field ndash Multi-view where a series of discrete images are produced across the viewing field ndash Binocular where a single stereo pair is seen

Auto-Stereoscopic Display Auto Stereoscopy is a method of displaying

three-dimensional images that can be viewed without the use of special headgear or glasses on the part of the user

No Glasses required Three types Spatial multiplex (eg lenticular or parallax

barrier) Time Sequential Multi projector Used in two different ways Two views with head tracking Single viewer Multiple views Many viewers

Volumetric Displays (Pros and Cons)++They provide motion parallax in both the horizontal and vertical direction Motion parallax is where the image changes with viewpoint and allows the lsquolook aroundrsquo capability++There is no rivalry between accommodation and convergence therefore reducing the possibility of effects such as headaches and nausea

-- Image transparency ndash this is where the front surface of an image allows light from voxels behind it to pass through it-- Difficult video capture ndash volumetric displays are OK for CG images but would require a two-dimensional camera array for video-- Non-Lambertian distribution is not possible to display so that shiny surfaces for example would have an unnatural appearance

Holoform

Advantagesndash Displays motion parallaxndash No accommodation focus rivalry Disadvantagesndash Large amount of information has to be displayedndash Capture requires relatively large camera arrayndash Display hardware can be large

Autostereoscopic no glasses required three types-spatial multiplex (eg lenticular or parallax barrier)-time multiplex (eg Cambridge display)-multi-projector used in two different ways-two views with head tracking single viewer-multiple viewsmany viewers

Volumetric drawing in true 3D space various types -spinning plate (eg Actuality) -crystalline (eg Er3+ doped CaF2) -laser plasma display -vibrating mirror

Problems with 3D display

Each of the technologies has its drawbacks 1048715all technologies except holographic and volumetric -convergencefocus conflict1048715volumetric -always see through1048715holographic -limited depth of field -currently not interactive

• 3D Holographic Display
• What is a Hologram
• How does Hologram Works
• Characteristics of Hologram
• 3D Classification
• Binocular Cues
• Stereoscopic Display
• Stereoscopic 3D
• Stereoscopic Images
• Stereoscopic Images (2)
• Stereoscopic Images (3)
• Definitions
• Auto-Stereoscopic Display
• Slide 14
• Volumetric Displays (Pros and Cons)
• Holoform
• Autostereoscopic
• Volumetric
• Problems with 3D display
• Slide 20

Auto-Stereoscopic Display Auto Stereoscopy is a method of displaying

three-dimensional images that can be viewed without the use of special headgear or glasses on the part of the user

No Glasses required Three types Spatial multiplex (eg lenticular or parallax

barrier) Time Sequential Multi projector Used in two different ways Two views with head tracking Single viewer Multiple views Many viewers

Volumetric Displays (Pros and Cons)++They provide motion parallax in both the horizontal and vertical direction Motion parallax is where the image changes with viewpoint and allows the lsquolook aroundrsquo capability++There is no rivalry between accommodation and convergence therefore reducing the possibility of effects such as headaches and nausea

-- Image transparency ndash this is where the front surface of an image allows light from voxels behind it to pass through it-- Difficult video capture ndash volumetric displays are OK for CG images but would require a two-dimensional camera array for video-- Non-Lambertian distribution is not possible to display so that shiny surfaces for example would have an unnatural appearance

Holoform

Advantagesndash Displays motion parallaxndash No accommodation focus rivalry Disadvantagesndash Large amount of information has to be displayedndash Capture requires relatively large camera arrayndash Display hardware can be large

Autostereoscopic no glasses required three types-spatial multiplex (eg lenticular or parallax barrier)-time multiplex (eg Cambridge display)-multi-projector used in two different ways-two views with head tracking single viewer-multiple viewsmany viewers

Volumetric drawing in true 3D space various types -spinning plate (eg Actuality) -crystalline (eg Er3+ doped CaF2) -laser plasma display -vibrating mirror

Problems with 3D display

Each of the technologies has its drawbacks 1048715all technologies except holographic and volumetric -convergencefocus conflict1048715volumetric -always see through1048715holographic -limited depth of field -currently not interactive

• 3D Holographic Display
• What is a Hologram
• How does Hologram Works
• Characteristics of Hologram
• 3D Classification
• Binocular Cues
• Stereoscopic Display
• Stereoscopic 3D
• Stereoscopic Images
• Stereoscopic Images (2)
• Stereoscopic Images (3)
• Definitions
• Auto-Stereoscopic Display
• Slide 14
• Volumetric Displays (Pros and Cons)
• Holoform
• Autostereoscopic
• Volumetric
• Problems with 3D display
• Slide 20

Volumetric Displays (Pros and Cons)++They provide motion parallax in both the horizontal and vertical direction Motion parallax is where the image changes with viewpoint and allows the lsquolook aroundrsquo capability++There is no rivalry between accommodation and convergence therefore reducing the possibility of effects such as headaches and nausea

-- Image transparency ndash this is where the front surface of an image allows light from voxels behind it to pass through it-- Difficult video capture ndash volumetric displays are OK for CG images but would require a two-dimensional camera array for video-- Non-Lambertian distribution is not possible to display so that shiny surfaces for example would have an unnatural appearance

Holoform

Advantagesndash Displays motion parallaxndash No accommodation focus rivalry Disadvantagesndash Large amount of information has to be displayedndash Capture requires relatively large camera arrayndash Display hardware can be large

Autostereoscopic no glasses required three types-spatial multiplex (eg lenticular or parallax barrier)-time multiplex (eg Cambridge display)-multi-projector used in two different ways-two views with head tracking single viewer-multiple viewsmany viewers

Volumetric drawing in true 3D space various types -spinning plate (eg Actuality) -crystalline (eg Er3+ doped CaF2) -laser plasma display -vibrating mirror

Problems with 3D display

Each of the technologies has its drawbacks 1048715all technologies except holographic and volumetric -convergencefocus conflict1048715volumetric -always see through1048715holographic -limited depth of field -currently not interactive

• 3D Holographic Display
• What is a Hologram
• How does Hologram Works
• Characteristics of Hologram
• 3D Classification
• Binocular Cues
• Stereoscopic Display
• Stereoscopic 3D
• Stereoscopic Images
• Stereoscopic Images (2)
• Stereoscopic Images (3)
• Definitions
• Auto-Stereoscopic Display
• Slide 14
• Volumetric Displays (Pros and Cons)
• Holoform
• Autostereoscopic
• Volumetric
• Problems with 3D display
• Slide 20

Holoform

Advantagesndash Displays motion parallaxndash No accommodation focus rivalry Disadvantagesndash Large amount of information has to be displayedndash Capture requires relatively large camera arrayndash Display hardware can be large

Autostereoscopic no glasses required three types-spatial multiplex (eg lenticular or parallax barrier)-time multiplex (eg Cambridge display)-multi-projector used in two different ways-two views with head tracking single viewer-multiple viewsmany viewers

Volumetric drawing in true 3D space various types -spinning plate (eg Actuality) -crystalline (eg Er3+ doped CaF2) -laser plasma display -vibrating mirror

Problems with 3D display

Each of the technologies has its drawbacks 1048715all technologies except holographic and volumetric -convergencefocus conflict1048715volumetric -always see through1048715holographic -limited depth of field -currently not interactive

• 3D Holographic Display
• What is a Hologram
• How does Hologram Works
• Characteristics of Hologram
• 3D Classification
• Binocular Cues
• Stereoscopic Display
• Stereoscopic 3D
• Stereoscopic Images
• Stereoscopic Images (2)
• Stereoscopic Images (3)
• Definitions
• Auto-Stereoscopic Display
• Slide 14
• Volumetric Displays (Pros and Cons)
• Holoform
• Autostereoscopic
• Volumetric
• Problems with 3D display
• Slide 20

Autostereoscopic no glasses required three types-spatial multiplex (eg lenticular or parallax barrier)-time multiplex (eg Cambridge display)-multi-projector used in two different ways-two views with head tracking single viewer-multiple viewsmany viewers

Volumetric drawing in true 3D space various types -spinning plate (eg Actuality) -crystalline (eg Er3+ doped CaF2) -laser plasma display -vibrating mirror

Problems with 3D display

Each of the technologies has its drawbacks 1048715all technologies except holographic and volumetric -convergencefocus conflict1048715volumetric -always see through1048715holographic -limited depth of field -currently not interactive

• 3D Holographic Display
• What is a Hologram
• How does Hologram Works
• Characteristics of Hologram
• 3D Classification
• Binocular Cues
• Stereoscopic Display
• Stereoscopic 3D
• Stereoscopic Images
• Stereoscopic Images (2)
• Stereoscopic Images (3)
• Definitions
• Auto-Stereoscopic Display
• Slide 14
• Volumetric Displays (Pros and Cons)
• Holoform
• Autostereoscopic
• Volumetric
• Problems with 3D display
• Slide 20

Volumetric drawing in true 3D space various types -spinning plate (eg Actuality) -crystalline (eg Er3+ doped CaF2) -laser plasma display -vibrating mirror

Problems with 3D display

Each of the technologies has its drawbacks 1048715all technologies except holographic and volumetric -convergencefocus conflict1048715volumetric -always see through1048715holographic -limited depth of field -currently not interactive

• 3D Holographic Display
• What is a Hologram
• How does Hologram Works
• Characteristics of Hologram
• 3D Classification
• Binocular Cues
• Stereoscopic Display
• Stereoscopic 3D
• Stereoscopic Images
• Stereoscopic Images (2)
• Stereoscopic Images (3)
• Definitions
• Auto-Stereoscopic Display
• Slide 14
• Volumetric Displays (Pros and Cons)
• Holoform
• Autostereoscopic
• Volumetric
• Problems with 3D display
• Slide 20

Problems with 3D display

Each of the technologies has its drawbacks 1048715all technologies except holographic and volumetric -convergencefocus conflict1048715volumetric -always see through1048715holographic -limited depth of field -currently not interactive

• 3D Holographic Display
• What is a Hologram
• How does Hologram Works
• Characteristics of Hologram
• 3D Classification
• Binocular Cues
• Stereoscopic Display
• Stereoscopic 3D
• Stereoscopic Images
• Stereoscopic Images (2)
• Stereoscopic Images (3)
• Definitions
• Auto-Stereoscopic Display
• Slide 14
• Volumetric Displays (Pros and Cons)
• Holoform
• Autostereoscopic
• Volumetric
• Problems with 3D display
• Slide 20

• 3D Holographic Display
• What is a Hologram
• How does Hologram Works
• Characteristics of Hologram
• 3D Classification
• Binocular Cues
• Stereoscopic Display
• Stereoscopic 3D
• Stereoscopic Images
• Stereoscopic Images (2)
• Stereoscopic Images (3)
• Definitions
• Auto-Stereoscopic Display
• Slide 14
• Volumetric Displays (Pros and Cons)
• Holoform
• Autostereoscopic
• Volumetric
• Problems with 3D display
• Slide 20