3 december 2005 jobs in a low carbon europe 20 & 21 february 2007 margrethe sagevik,...
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3 December 2005
Jobs
in a low carbon Europe
20 & 21 February 2007
Margrethe Sagevik, International Union of Railways (UIC)
European Trade Union Confederation
3 December 2005
1. Short status: climate change & the transport sector
2. Role of railways in emission reduction scenarios
3. Co-modality: Sustainable transport systems
4. Internalisation of external costs
5. Railways and training
Jobs in a low carbon Europe
3 December 2005
Transport causes 25-30 % of global GHG emissions and it’s not yet tackled!
3 December 2005
Everything available at all times:(examples)
Passenger services: • holidays, weekend trips…
• shopping in London, Paris, NY...
Freight services:• Fresh food …
• ”Exotic” furniture…
3 December 2005
Short status on the transport sector
Brings enormous benefits to society, but also many costs…
Status: Transport & mobility patterns - not developing in sustainable ways:
- Increasing demand for passenger/freight transport - Growing markets for automotive and aviation- International aviation and shipping not included in Kyoto
targets- Technological improvements eaten by volume growth- True costs of transport not reflected in the market- Lack of cross sectoral approaches in development of
transport policies
3 December 2005
Rail and energyEU EEA TERM REPORT 2005
3 December 2005
1. Short status: climate change & the transport sector
2. Role of railways in emission reduction scenarios
3. Co-modality: Sustainable transport systems
4. Internalisation of external costs
5. Railways and training
Jobs in a low carbon Europe
3 December 2005
Railways: what we offer to a low carbon Europe
The railways represent the best performance in terms of energy efficiency and thus, carbon dioxide emissions.
Rail transport based on electric traction is already adapted for the use of renewable energy sources.
By using electricity, it is possible to regenerate energy during braking and reuse it.
The railways are investing significant resources into energy efficiency measures. UIC is a leading force in this work.
2. Role of railways in emission reduction scenarios
3 December 2005
Continuously improving the energy advantage
Examples on projects
1. Rail Energy
2. Training
3. Energy Billing
4. Eco-procurement
5. Bio fuel-study
2. Role of railways in emission reduction scenarios
Railways: what we offer to a low carbon Europe
3 December 2005
1. Rail Energy: system approach to increase energy efficiency
Innovative Integrated Energy Efficiency Solutions for Railway Rolling Stock, Rail Infrastructure and Train Operation
Overall Goals:To reduce the energy consumption related to operation of the railway system
To contribute to the reduction of life cycle costs of railway operation
To contribute to the reduction of CO2 emission per seat km (ton km)
- within a time frame of 15 years from now (2020)
EU-project with more than 30 partners from universities, the rail and industry sectors
3 December 2005
2. Training: more energy efficiently driving
Overall Goal: Adapt the principles of the project “EnergieSparen”by German
Railways:
Train the drivers to drive more energy efficiently…
3 December 2005
Making energy-saving driving a part of the train drivers’ everyday routine
* Measured savings due to energy-saving driving patterns. Other savings effects are not taken into account.. Source: P.RBB 3 – Energy cost management (2006)
Savings during train movements*
DB Fernverkehr AG
2002 200
5
(Reference year 2002)
- 4.8%
Traction current
Consumption displays and driving recommendations for switching off traction help drivers to practise energy-saving driving.
Training:
European Project on Energy efficient
driving
Objectives:Several European railways in joint European project to adapt the success-story of the German Railways which reduced energy consumption by 10 % through its project EnergieSparen
German railways:
EnergieSparen:
Energy efficient driving
New S
ept
2006
3 December 2005
DB’s ambitious climate protection goals
* assuming improvements in framework policies
Since it launched its
climate protection
programme in 2002,
DB has already cut emissions of CO2 by
5.5 %
1990 2005
goal: -25%
achieved ahead of schedule in 2002
Energy Saving Programme 2005
Climate Protection Programme 2020
CO2-reduction
2002 2020
new goal: -15%
possible reduction: -25%*
CO2-reduction
3 December 2005
3. Energy Billing: incentives to drive more energy efficiently
Overall Goals: 1. Establishing a common European method of measuring traction energy consumption.
2. Establishing a common European method of billing traction energy consumption between infrastructure managers and railway undertakings.
Objectives:
1. Get to a fair and equal system for paying energy costs
2. Award energy efficiency
3 December 2005
4. Eco-procurement: “Environmental Specifications for new Rolling Stock”
UIC Leaflet “Environmental Specifications for new Rolling Stock” (2006) is:1) - a new tool for purchasing more environmentally friendly trains
2) - offering a set of indicators to support harmonisation of the environmental procurement framework in the rail sector
3) - facilitating a more efficient process of procurement
4) – enabling railways to procure new rolling stock with a sound environmental performance more cost effectively
3 December 2005
5. Biofuel: exploring state of the art in Europe
Goal: 1. Check out biofuel as an alternative to diesel
2. Provide an overview of existing plans, use, technology and experiences with biofuel in the rail sector on a global scale
3. Decide a joint strategy for how to proceed with biofuel
Awaiting:
The sustainability criteria for production and consumption for biofuel
3 December 2005
Communicating the energy advantage:
Examples on tools to support modal shift & co-modality
Freight transport:
www.ecotransit.org
web tool to compare international freight routes
Passenger transport:
- national tools exist, in preparation:
web tool to compare international passenger routes
...2. Role of railways in emission reduction scenarios
Railways: what we offer to a low carbon Europe
3 December 2005
EcoTransIT: Freight Traffic in Europe
3 December 2005
Distances
EcoTransIT – example: Gdansk - Marseille
Lorry Train Sea ship
Feeder transport - 40 km -
Main line 2.050 km 2.080 km 5.025 km
3 December 2005
Rail Passenger s
ervices: Enviro
nmental Mobilit
y Check
3 December 2005
1. Short status: climate change & the transport sector
2. Role of railways in emission reduction scenarios
3. Co- modality: Sustainable transport systems
4. Internalisation of external costs
5. Railways and training
Jobs in a low carbon Europe
3 December 2005
1. More than reducing CO2-emissions!
2. ”Railways can not make it alone!”
• Develop/facilitate sustainable transport systems
• Cross-sectoral approach needed
• Production versus consumption
• Behaviour change/awarness campaigns
• Quality of life
How to acheive this ”holistic” approach?
3. Co-modality: Sustainable transport systems
3 December 2005
Proposal: Increased focus on the social dimension
Rail sector needs to develop messages on its strong contribution to the social dimension ex through its:
- safety, spatial efficiency, congestion
- air quality/health
- accessibility/comfort/stations
- work force, labour unions and training
3. Co-modality: Sustainable transport systems
3 December 2005
Simple illustration from a “sustainable development”-point a view: … the environmental pillar leads way for increased awareness: the social pillar the key to fully include the economic
pillar….
Econ
om
icsEn
viro
nm
ent
Socia
l
Ex. Focus on: climate changes: low carbon Europe/jobs + + +
A market ready to internalise the external costs!!!
3 December 2005
1. Short status: climate change & the transport sector
2. Role of railways in emission reduction scenarios
3. Co-modality: Sustainable transport systems
4. Internalisation of external costs
5. Railways and training
Jobs in a low carbon Europe
3 December 2005
The true costs of transport: to get the prices right!!!
Status in Europe: ”all” agree of the need, but not on the method...
Ongoing work:
EU Commission study:
1. External costs estimates (try to find the best methodology)
2. Identify policy intruments for how to internalise (tolls, ETS...)
3. Impact analysis
4. Internalisation of external costs
3 December 2005
If unchecked aviation will eat full ‘climate cake’ !
If unchecked in Europe, aviation will eat all “the climate cake”!!!
Source: Tyndall, Growth scenarios for EU and UK aviation, 2005
Example:
3 December 2005
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003
pric
e (1
991
= 10
0)
passengers
cargo
average
Tickets are one third cheaper than in 1991!
Source: AEA Technology
Example:
3 December 2005
World maps illustrating size of population and CO2-emissions per country
“Inspiratio
n”…..
3 December 2005
1. Short status: climate change & the transport sector
2. Role of railways in emission reduction scenarios
3. Co-modality: Sustainable transport systems
4. Internalisation of external costs
5. Railways and training
Jobs in a low carbon Europe
3 December 2005
1. The changing European railway sector
2. Looking into the future of rail training in Europe
5. Railways and training: ”Investing in training”
3 December 2005
1. The changing European railway sector
Many aspects to consider for training in railways:
- Legal (ex. promoting cross border interoperability, common standards)
- Technological (ex. professional requirements for new technology)
- Demographic (ex. competencies transfer to new generation)
- Structural (ex. access to training facilities for new rail market actors)
5. Railways and training: ”Investing in training”
3 December 2005
2. Looking into the future of rail training in Europe
How to meet the challenges:
DG TREN has commissioned a study on the training needs and offers in the European Railway area for the next 15 years.
UIC is hosting the European Network of Rail Training centres - initiative from the European Commission to provide support to European Rail Agency
Railways and training: ”Investing in training”
