3 - battle of saratoga - u.s. history: mr. hunt...3. battle of saratoga background: after trenton,...

3. Battle of Saratoga Background: After Trenton, Lord George Germain, the man chosen to direct the British troops, had a new strategy to divide the American rebels by taking control of New York’s Hudson River Valley, and cutting off supplies to the Continental Army. To carry out his plan, General John Burgoyne left Canada in June 1777 with about 8,000 British soldiers and American Indian warriors. He planned to move this army south to Albany, New York, where he would meet up with General Howe and his army. Burgoyne did not travel light, with an army of more than 600 wagons, and 30 of them filled with personal items. Meanwhile, General Howe made other plans, and instead of meeting Burgoyne, Howe marched his troops to Philadelphia, the rebel’s capital. Once Burgoyne and his army finally reached Saratoga Springs on the Hudson River Valley, he was outnumbered by American rebels. Burgoyne ordered an attacked anyway, and again and again, the rebels beat back his troops. On October 17, 1777, Burgoyne accepted defeat. His surrender marked a turning point in the war in that before the victory at Saratoga, most of the world believed the American cause was hopeless. Soon after this American victory, the French and Spanish entered the war as allies with the United States. Source: Surrender of General John Burgoyne at the Battle of Saratoga, 7th October 1777, engraved by Godefroy (colored engraving), Fauvel, (18th century) / Bibliotheque Nationale, Paris, France / Archives Charmet / The Bridgeman Art Library.

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Page 1: 3 - Battle of Saratoga - U.S. History: Mr. Hunt...3. Battle of Saratoga Background: After Trenton, Lord George Germain, the man chosen to direct the British troops, had a new strategy

3.BattleofSaratogaBackground:AfterTrenton,LordGeorgeGermain,themanchosentodirecttheBritishtroops,hadanewstrategytodividetheAmericanrebelsbytakingcontrolofNewYork’sHudsonRiverValley,andcuttingoff supplies to theContinentalArmy.Tocarryouthisplan,General JohnBurgoyne left Canada in June 1777 with about 8,000 British soldiers and American Indianwarriors.HeplannedtomovethisarmysouthtoAlbany,NewYork,wherehewouldmeetupwithGeneralHoweandhisarmy.Burgoynedidnottravellight,withanarmyofmorethan600wagons, and 30 of them filled with personal items.Meanwhile, General Howemade otherplans,andinsteadofmeetingBurgoyne,HowemarchedhistroopstoPhiladelphia,therebel’scapital. Once Burgoyne and his army finally reached Saratoga Springs on the Hudson RiverValley,hewasoutnumberedbyAmericanrebels.Burgoyneorderedanattackedanyway,andagain and again, the rebels beat back his troops. OnOctober 17, 1777, Burgoyne accepteddefeat.HissurrendermarkedaturningpointinthewarinthatbeforethevictoryatSaratoga,mostoftheworldbelievedtheAmericancausewashopeless.SoonafterthisAmericanvictory,theFrenchandSpanishenteredthewarasallieswiththeUnitedStates.Source:SurrenderofGeneralJohnBurgoyneattheBattleofSaratoga,7thOctober1777,engravedbyGodefroy(coloredengraving),Fauvel, (18thcentury)/BibliothequeNationale,Paris,France/ArchivesCharmet/TheBridgemanArtLibrary.

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