2nd mineo workshop - orléans, 11-13 december 2002 mineo hydrology, hydrogeology and transport...
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2nd MINEO Workshop - Orléans, 11-13 December 2002
MINEO MINEO
Hydrology, Hydrogeology and Transport Modelling
Principal investigators : Stuart Marsh and Stephane Chevrel
Collaborating organisation 1 : British Geological Survey
Collaborating organisation 2 : BRGM
2nd MINEO Workshop - Orléans, 11-13 December 2002
IntroductionIntroduction
• MINEO’s remote sensing workflow gives MINEO’s remote sensing workflow gives two major outputs for subsequent use:two major outputs for subsequent use:– terrain models via stereo aerial photographyterrain models via stereo aerial photography
– contamination maps from hyperspectral datacontamination maps from hyperspectral data
• This talk describes their use in modelling:This talk describes their use in modelling:– pollution run-off and dispersal pathwayspollution run-off and dispersal pathways
– drainage contamination mapsdrainage contamination maps
– groundwater vulnerability mapsgroundwater vulnerability maps
– groundwater flow modelsgroundwater flow models
– transport network analysistransport network analysis
• Both GIS & numerical modelling are usedBoth GIS & numerical modelling are used
IntroductionIntroduction
Pollution Run-offPollution Run-off
Drainage ContamDrainage Contam
Groundwater VulnGroundwater Vuln
Groundwater FlowGroundwater Flow
Transport NetworkTransport Network
ConclusionsConclusions
2nd MINEO Workshop - Orléans, 11-13 December 2002
Mapping run-off pollution dispersal Mapping run-off pollution dispersal pathwayspathways
• Application of flow-accumulation Application of flow-accumulation algorithm to DEMs enables : algorithm to DEMs enables : – modelling downstream run-off from source(s) modelling downstream run-off from source(s)
of pollution (points or areas) of pollution (points or areas)
– mapping surface pollution dispersal pathwaysmapping surface pollution dispersal pathways
• Shows how run-off transported pollution Shows how run-off transported pollution gathers into the main drainage system gathers into the main drainage system and can pollute the hydrographic and can pollute the hydrographic network downstreamnetwork downstream
IntroductionIntroduction
Pollution Run-offPollution Run-off
Drainage ContamDrainage Contam
Groundwater VulnGroundwater Vuln
Groundwater FlowGroundwater Flow
Transport NetworkTransport Network
ConclusionsConclusions
2nd MINEO Workshop - Orléans, 11-13 December 2002
Mapping run-off pollution dispersal Mapping run-off pollution dispersal pathwayspathways
2nd MINEO Workshop - Orléans, 11-13 December 2002
Production of potential drainage Production of potential drainage contamination mapcontamination map
• Application of this technique at a regional Application of this technique at a regional scale enablesscale enables– mapping the sensitivity of the drainage mapping the sensitivity of the drainage
system to pollutionsystem to pollution
– identification of areas most likely to be identification of areas most likely to be affected by pollutionaffected by pollution
• can be used in the performance ofcan be used in the performance of– risk analysis and managementrisk analysis and management
– prioritisation of detailed investigations and prioritisation of detailed investigations and clean-up activities, remediation studiesclean-up activities, remediation studies
– assessment of the impact of planned polluting assessment of the impact of planned polluting activitiesactivities
IntroductionIntroduction
Pollution Run-offPollution Run-off
Drainage ContamDrainage Contam
Groundwater VulnGroundwater Vuln
Groundwater FlowGroundwater Flow
Transport NetworkTransport Network
ConclusionsConclusions
2nd MINEO Workshop - Orléans, 11-13 December 2002
Production of potential drainage Production of potential drainage contamination mapcontamination map
Uncontaminated DrainageUncontaminated Drainage
Polluted Run-offPolluted Run-off
Contaminated DrainageContaminated Drainage
IntroductionIntroduction
Pollution Run-offPollution Run-off
Drainage ContamDrainage Contam
Groundwater VulnGroundwater Vuln
Groundwater FlowGroundwater Flow
Transport NetworkTransport Network
ConclusionsConclusions
2nd MINEO Workshop - Orléans, 11-13 December 2002
Production of potential drainage Production of potential drainage contamination mapcontamination map
Uncontaminated DrainageUncontaminated Drainage
Polluted Run-offPolluted Run-off
Contaminated DrainageContaminated Drainage
Polluted areasPolluted areas
IntroductionIntroduction
Pollution Run-offPollution Run-off
Drainage ContamDrainage Contam
Groundwater VulnGroundwater Vuln
Groundwater FlowGroundwater Flow
Transport NetworkTransport Network
ConclusionsConclusions
2nd MINEO Workshop - Orléans, 11-13 December 2002
Groundwater vulnerability mapGroundwater vulnerability map
• Results of a multi-criteria GIS analysisResults of a multi-criteria GIS analysis
• performed from an extensive set of GIS-layersperformed from an extensive set of GIS-layers– geology (permability)geology (permability)
– soils and land-use (holding capacity),soils and land-use (holding capacity),
– thickness of the vadoze zone, thickness of the vadoze zone,
– characteristics of the aquifer (transmissivity) , characteristics of the aquifer (transmissivity) ,
– topography (slopes)topography (slopes)
– potential evapo-transpirationpotential evapo-transpiration
– etc...etc...
• Takes into account electrical conductivity Takes into account electrical conductivity (witnessing contamination) in layer-weighting (witnessing contamination) in layer-weighting calculationcalculation
IntroductionIntroduction
Pollution Run-offPollution Run-off
Drainage ContamDrainage Contam
Groundwater VulnGroundwater Vuln
Groundwater FlowGroundwater Flow
Transport NetworkTransport Network
ConclusionsConclusions
2nd MINEO Workshop - Orléans, 11-13 December 2002
Groundwater vulnerability mapGroundwater vulnerability map
Low Low vulnerabilityvulnerability
High High vulnerabilityvulnerability
IntroductionIntroduction
Pollution Run-offPollution Run-off
Drainage ContamDrainage Contam
Groundwater VulnGroundwater Vuln
Groundwater FlowGroundwater Flow
Transport NetworkTransport Network
ConclusionsConclusions
2nd MINEO Workshop - Orléans, 11-13 December 2002
Dtm10mgrd0 - 2020 - 5050 - 7070 - 9090 - 120120 - 140140 - 160160 - 190190 - 210210 - 240No Data
M7bnds.shp
5000 0 5000 Meters
Groundwater flow modellingGroundwater flow modelling
• Numerical Modelling used to assess where Numerical Modelling used to assess where groundwater will flow away from mine sitegroundwater will flow away from mine site
• Inputs are the:Inputs are the:– identified contaminated siteidentified contaminated site– digital terrain modeldigital terrain model
• This example:This example:– Cornwall, UKCornwall, UK– Dave Noy’s workDave Noy’s work
IntroductionIntroduction
Pollution Run-offPollution Run-off
Drainage ContamDrainage Contam
Groundwater VulnGroundwater Vuln
Groundwater FlowGroundwater Flow
Transport NetworkTransport Network
ConclusionsConclusionsOuter boundary of finite element mesh Zone of mesh refinement
Mine wastelocation at the United
Downs mine
2nd MINEO Workshop - Orléans, 11-13 December 2002
• Finite element mesh used for modelFinite element mesh used for model– 8605 nodes and 16892 triangular elements8605 nodes and 16892 triangular elements
• 2D unconfined aquifer model2D unconfined aquifer model
– Top surface at DTM, bottom at -100m ODTop surface at DTM, bottom at -100m OD
– No flow around boundary, except where main No flow around boundary, except where main
valley exits model: a fixed head is imposed herevalley exits model: a fixed head is imposed here
– A Uniform infiltration rate of 50cm/yr and an A Uniform infiltration rate of 50cm/yr and an
isotropic, homogeneous hydraulic conductivity isotropic, homogeneous hydraulic conductivity
of 1.0e-6 m/s were usedof 1.0e-6 m/s were used
IntroductionIntroduction
Pollution Run-offPollution Run-off
Drainage ContamDrainage Contam
Groundwater VulnGroundwater Vuln
Groundwater FlowGroundwater Flow
Transport NetworkTransport Network
ConclusionsConclusions Mesh Elevations Calculated Flows
2nd MINEO Workshop - Orléans, 11-13 December 2002
HHeads and flows at the mine waste siteeads and flows at the mine waste site
IntroductionIntroduction
Pollution Run-offPollution Run-off
Drainage ContamDrainage Contam
Groundwater VulnGroundwater Vuln
Groundwater FlowGroundwater Flow
Transport NetworkTransport Network
ConclusionsConclusions
2nd MINEO Workshop - Orléans, 11-13 December 2002
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Dtm10mgrd0 - 2020 - 5050 - 7070 - 9090 - 120120 - 140140 - 160160 - 190190 - 210210 - 240No Data
Outline6.shp
Solute concentration# 0.01 - 0.03# 0.03 - 0.06# 0.06 - 0.09# 0.09 - 0.13# 0.13 - 0.16# 0.16 - 0.19# 0.19 - 0.22# 0.22 - 0.25# 0.25 - 0.28# 0.28 - 0.32# 0.32 - 0.35# 0.35 - 0.38# 0.38 - 0.41# 0.41 - 0.44# 0.44 - 0.47# 0.47 - 0.51# 0.51 - 0.54# 0.54 - 0.57# 0.57 - 0.6# 0.6 - 0.63
600 0 600 1200 Meters
IntroductionIntroduction
Pollution Run-offPollution Run-off
Drainage ContamDrainage Contam
Groundwater VulnGroundwater Vuln
Groundwater FlowGroundwater Flow
Transport NetworkTransport Network
ConclusionsConclusions
Solute concentrations overlain on DTMSolute concentrations overlain on DTM
2nd MINEO Workshop - Orléans, 11-13 December 2002
Modelling pollution transport networks: Modelling pollution transport networks: examples from Wheal Jane in the UKexamples from Wheal Jane in the UK• The drainage network can be used to model The drainage network can be used to model
transport from mine to estuarytransport from mine to estuaryIntroductionIntroduction
Pollution Run-offPollution Run-off
Drainage ContamDrainage Contam
Groundwater VulnGroundwater Vuln
Groundwater FlowGroundwater Flow
Transport NetworkTransport Network
ConclusionsConclusions
2nd MINEO Workshop - Orléans, 11-13 December 2002
Modelling other transport networksModelling other transport networks
• HyMap identifies contamination along the HyMap identifies contamination along the roads around the Wheal Jane mine siteroads around the Wheal Jane mine site
IntroductionIntroduction
Pollution Run-offPollution Run-off
Drainage ContamDrainage Contam
Groundwater VulnGroundwater Vuln
Groundwater FlowGroundwater Flow
Transport NetworkTransport Network
ConclusionsConclusions
2nd MINEO Workshop - Orléans, 11-13 December 2002
• The outputs of the remote sensing study form the The outputs of the remote sensing study form the inputs to subsequent analysisinputs to subsequent analysis
• Complex hyperspectral products need to be Complex hyperspectral products need to be presented in simpler forms for GIS analysispresented in simpler forms for GIS analysis
• GIS is a powerful tool to extend analysis over GIS is a powerful tool to extend analysis over wide areas using multiple datasetwide areas using multiple dataset
• Modelling can be undertaken by complex GIS Modelling can be undertaken by complex GIS and numerical modelling calculations and also and numerical modelling calculations and also using simple visual approachesusing simple visual approaches
• Modelling can often be applied equally at any of Modelling can often be applied equally at any of the sites; it is more generic than remote sensingthe sites; it is more generic than remote sensing
• Results can be fed more easily into management Results can be fed more easily into management information systems than the hyperspectral datainformation systems than the hyperspectral data
ConclusionsConclusions
IntroductionIntroduction
Pollution Run-offPollution Run-off
Drainage ContamDrainage Contam
Groundwater VulnGroundwater Vuln
Groundwater FlowGroundwater Flow
Transport NetworkTransport Network
ConclusionsConclusions