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Bellringer – Take out Packet page 6Bellringer – Take out Packet page 6PowerPoint Notes on Government in PowerPoint Notes on Government in Athens – Packet page 6 & 7Athens – Packet page 6 & 7

HW : Read Section 8.2 & Guided HW : Read Section 8.2 & Guided QuestionsQuestions

Government in Government in AthensAthens

Birthplace of DemocracyBirthplace of Democracy

Greece is the birthplace of Greece is the birthplace of Democracy, a type of government in Democracy, a type of government in which which people rule themselvespeople rule themselves

The word democracy comes form The word democracy comes form Greek words meaning “Greek words meaning “rule of the rule of the people”people”

Rise of the AristocratsRise of the Aristocrats

In early Greece, In early Greece, kings kings ruled the city-ruled the city-state.state.

Later, a group of Later, a group of rich landowners, or rich landowners, or aristocratsaristocrats took power took power

A government in which only a small A government in which only a small group of people have power is called group of people have power is called an an oligarchyoligarchy

Mo’ Money, Mo’ Mo’ Money, Mo’ ProblemsProblems

With the aristocrats controlling $ With the aristocrats controlling $ and now the government, the and now the government, the common people common people had little say in the had little say in the government.government.

In the 600s BC, a group of rebels In the 600s BC, a group of rebels tried to overthrow the aristocrats, tried to overthrow the aristocrats, but it didn’t workbut it didn’t work

A man who would carry a A man who would carry a Legalist Stick!Legalist Stick!

Since the rebellion failed a man Since the rebellion failed a man named named DracoDraco created created a new set of a new set of harsh laws harsh laws for Athensfor Athens These laws were These laws were very harshvery harsh. Punishing . Punishing

minor crimes like loitering punishable minor crimes like loitering punishable by death.by death.

Draco….outDraco….out

Draco’s laws were believed to be Draco’s laws were believed to be too too harshharsh so a man named so a man named Solon Solon created created less harsh laws.less harsh laws.

Under Solon’s laws, all free men Under Solon’s laws, all free men living in Athens became living in Athens became citizens: citizens: people who had the right to people who had the right to participate in governmentparticipate in government

Rise of TyrantsRise of Tyrants

In 546 a noble named Peisistratus In 546 a noble named Peisistratus overthrew the oligarchyoverthrew the oligarchy

Peisistratus became the leader of Peisistratus became the leader of Athens and was called a Athens and was called a tyranttyrant.. A tyrant is, A tyrant is, a leader who held power a leader who held power

through the use of force through the use of force

Tyrant what, tyrant who?Tyrant what, tyrant who?

Today the word Today the word tyrant tyrant is harsh but in is harsh but in ancient Greece the word had a very ancient Greece the word had a very different meaningdifferent meaning

Tyrants in Athenian government were Tyrants in Athenian government were usually usually good leaders with strong armies good leaders with strong armies and support from the people.and support from the people.

Peisistratus brought Peisistratus brought peace and peace and prosperity prosperity to the city starting new to the city starting new policies to unify the city, building policies to unify the city, building temples and monuments.temples and monuments.

Sippin HateradeSippin Haterade

After Peisistratus died, his son took After Peisistratus died, his son took over as tyrantover as tyrant

AristocratsAristocrats were unhappy because were unhappy because their power was gonetheir power was gone

They convinced a rival city-state to They convinced a rival city-state to attack Athens and re-claimed their attack Athens and re-claimed their powerpower

Democracy is createdDemocracy is created

Around 500 BC a man named Around 500 BC a man named Cleisthenes gained power in Athens. Cleisthenes gained power in Athens.

Despite coming from a rich family he Despite coming from a rich family he felt that, felt that, aristocrats had too much aristocrats had too much influenceinfluence

With the support of With the support of the peoplethe people he he overthrew the aristocracy and overthrew the aristocracy and established the world’s established the world’s first first democracydemocracy

Democracy under Democracy under CleisthenesCleisthenes

All citizens had the right to All citizens had the right to participate in the participate in the assembly, assembly, or or gathering of citizens gathering of citizens that created that created the city’s laws.the city’s laws.

The assembly met outdoors on a The assembly met outdoors on a hillside so everyone could attendhillside so everyone could attend

Democracy Cont.Democracy Cont.

During meetings, people stood During meetings, people stood before the crowd and gave speeches before the crowd and gave speeches on political issues. They were on political issues. They were actually encouraged to do so…actually encouraged to do so…

After speeches were over the After speeches were over the assembly voted assembly voted usually by show of usually by show of hands, but sometimes secret ballotshands, but sometimes secret ballots

VotingVoting

The number of people who voted in The number of people who voted in assembly assembly changed day to daychanged day to day

For major decisions the assembly For major decisions the assembly needed needed 6,000 people6,000 people which wasn’t which wasn’t always easy to getalways easy to get

Red rope attendance? What do you Red rope attendance? What do you guess that is?guess that is?

Too many PeopleToo many People

What do you think would be a What do you think would be a problem with having a 6,000 person problem with having a 6,000 person assembly?assembly? Athenians selected citizens to be Athenians selected citizens to be city city

officials officials These city officials decided which laws These city officials decided which laws

the assembly should discussthe assembly should discuss

Changes in Athenian Changes in Athenian DemocracyDemocracy

Citizens served on juries to decide Citizens served on juries to decide court casescourt cases Juries had anywhere from 200 to 6,000 Juries had anywhere from 200 to 6,000

peoplepeople Why would you have an odd number of Why would you have an odd number of

jurors?jurors?

PericlesPericles

Led the government from Led the government from 460 BC-460 BC-429 BC429 BC

To encourage people to participate To encourage people to participate in government he started to in government he started to pay pay people who served in public offices people who served in public offices or on juriesor on juries

He also He also encouraged the spread of encouraged the spread of democracy in Greecedemocracy in Greece

Direct v. Representative Direct v. Representative DemocracyDemocracy

All citizens in Athens could All citizens in Athens could participate directly in governmentparticipate directly in government

What this means is What this means is a person’s a person’s decision directly affects the outcome decision directly affects the outcome of a voteof a vote

The United States is too large for The United States is too large for everyone to gather so we formed everyone to gather so we formed another kind of Democracyanother kind of Democracy

Representative Representative DemocracyDemocracy

The democracy created by the United The democracy created by the United States is a representative democracy, or States is a representative democracy, or republic - republic - a government in which a government in which supreme power resides in a body of supreme power resides in a body of citizens entitled to vote and is exercised citizens entitled to vote and is exercised by elected officers and representatives by elected officers and representatives responsible to them and governing responsible to them and governing according to law according to law  ““And, surprise, a representative democracy is a kind of republic. What And, surprise, a representative democracy is a kind of republic. What

distinguishes a republic is that it has an elected government. Representative distinguishes a republic is that it has an elected government. Representative democracies are, therefore, a kind of republic. Self-appointed governments such democracies are, therefore, a kind of republic. Self-appointed governments such as monarchies, dictatorships, oligarchies, theocracies and juntas are not as monarchies, dictatorships, oligarchies, theocracies and juntas are not republics. However, this still allows for a wide spectrum.”republics. However, this still allows for a wide spectrum.”

Representative Representative DemocracyDemocracy

In this system, citizens sIn this system, citizens select officials elect officials to represent them in governmentto represent them in government

Elected officials then meet to make up Elected officials then meet to make up and enforce the country’s lawsand enforce the country’s laws

Americans elect Americans elect senators and senators and representativesrepresentatives to Congress who pass to Congress who pass laws.laws.

We We trust our chosen representatives trust our chosen representatives to to vote for us.vote for us.