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INTERNATIONAL GERMAN ALUMNI SUMMER SCHOOL NEPAL

Forestry in Nepal – Role of Community Forestry and REDD+ Programs in Sustainable Development

6-13 March, 2016Park Village Hotel and Resort

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Forewords

Göttingen, 24.02.2016

Dear German Alumni and all delegates,

The International German Alumni Summer School is an interdisciplinary program that aims to

promote cooperation between German Alumni from developing countries in the tropics and

German Universities, thereby enhancing the capacity building of alumni. This program

provides a platform to researchers, academicians, practitioners and entrepreneurs to share

their knowledge and experiences from diverse disciplines ranging from natural and social

sciences to humanities. The main working theme of this summer school is focused on forestry

development in Nepal along with poverty alleviation in the context of natural disasters like

earthquakes, unsustainable use of natural resources, security and conservation of local nature

and cultural heritage of the country. The participatory role of Nepal in community forestry and

REDD+ programs will be the key highlight for discussion during this summer school.

Multiplication function of the Summer School will be ensured through the contribution of

representatives from science, economics, political institutions including the Ministry

representatives (e.g. Forests and Soil Conservation) and NGOs like the WWF, and ICIMOD

(International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development). This summer school will therefore

provide an opportunity to researchers, academia and business practitioners to interact in a

common platform and share their expertise and practical development experiences on new

challenges and emerging issues.

This Summer School is also an appropriate networking forum for the German alumni from

Asian countries who are professionally active in various disciplines like forestry, geography,

biology, sociology, and agriculture, and committed towards furthering education, training and

research. It is essential to promote the capacity building of the alumni for underlining the

importance of biodiversity, forest ecosystem functions and services, the role of international,

national and community based programs for maintenance of biodiversity, and sustainable

forestry. Therefore, strengthening some of the active German Alumni networks like German

Alumni International Biodiversity Network (GAInBiNet), GAForN (German Alumni Forestry

Network), GAFooN (German Alumni Food Network), and German Iranian Alumni Network

(GIAN) will be another of our important objectives. We will further incorporate the German

Alumni from Nepal into these networks. Another significant outcome of this summer school

will be the establishment of a prospective collaboration between the Georg-August University

of Göttingen and the Kathmandu Forestry College (KAFCOL) and Tribhuvan University in

Kathmandu. The invited alumni will represent several Asian countries like China, India, Sri

Disclaimer

The views expressed in this publication are those of the authors. They do not necessarily reflect the views of respective institutions or the publisher.

Reproduction of this publication for sale or other commercial purpose is prohibited. Reproduction for educational or other non-commercial purpose is prohibited. Reproduction for educational or other non-commercial purpose is permitted provided the source is fully acknowledged.

1INTERNATIONAL GERMAN ALUMNI SUMMER SCHOOL NEPAL

Forewords

Göttingen, 24.02.2016

Dear German Alumni and all delegates,

The International German Alumni Summer School is an interdisciplinary program that aims to

promote cooperation between German Alumni from developing countries in the tropics and

German Universities, thereby enhancing the capacity building of alumni. This program

provides a platform to researchers, academicians, practitioners and entrepreneurs to share

their knowledge and experiences from diverse disciplines ranging from natural and social

sciences to humanities. The main working theme of this summer school is focused on forestry

development in Nepal along with poverty alleviation in the context of natural disasters like

earthquakes, unsustainable use of natural resources, security and conservation of local nature

and cultural heritage of the country. The participatory role of Nepal in community forestry and

REDD+ programs will be the key highlight for discussion during this summer school.

Multiplication function of the Summer School will be ensured through the contribution of

representatives from science, economics, political institutions including the Ministry

representatives (e.g. Forests and Soil Conservation) and NGOs like the WWF, and ICIMOD

(International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development). This summer school will therefore

provide an opportunity to researchers, academia and business practitioners to interact in a

common platform and share their expertise and practical development experiences on new

challenges and emerging issues.

This Summer School is also an appropriate networking forum for the German alumni from

Asian countries who are professionally active in various disciplines like forestry, geography,

biology, sociology, and agriculture, and committed towards furthering education, training and

research. It is essential to promote the capacity building of the alumni for underlining the

importance of biodiversity, forest ecosystem functions and services, the role of international,

national and community based programs for maintenance of biodiversity, and sustainable

forestry. Therefore, strengthening some of the active German Alumni networks like German

Alumni International Biodiversity Network (GAInBiNet), GAForN (German Alumni Forestry

Network), GAFooN (German Alumni Food Network), and German Iranian Alumni Network

(GIAN) will be another of our important objectives. We will further incorporate the German

Alumni from Nepal into these networks. Another significant outcome of this summer school

will be the establishment of a prospective collaboration between the Georg-August University

of Göttingen and the Kathmandu Forestry College (KAFCOL) and Tribhuvan University in

Kathmandu. The invited alumni will represent several Asian countries like China, India, Sri

2 INTERNATIONAL GERMAN ALUMNI SUMMER SCHOOL NEPAL

Lanka, Vietnam, Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Iran and the host country Nepal. This

event will provide them the opportunity for collaboration with both of the above mentioned

Institutes in Nepal and the University of Göttingen in Germany.

The Organizing Committee of the International German Alumni Summer School from the

University of Göttingen is extending their heartiest welcome to all Alumni and invited delegates

to this program and also expressing their sincere words of gratitude to the local host institution

in Nepal, the KAFCOL team for lending their cooperation and support in the successful hosting

of this program.

We are wishing all of us a very fruitful and enlightening time at the summer school in

Kathmandu, Nepal.

Prof. Renate Bürger-Arndt,

Prof. Martin Kappas,

Dr. Jolanta Slowik, Dr. Kamini Barua and Dr. Margaretha Pangau-Adam

Forewords

Nepal is rich in biological diversity and forest resources due mainly to the country’s unique geographic position and dramatic changes in elevation along the relatively short (150-250 km) north-south transect and associated high variability in the physiographic and climatic conditions. The geographic diversity ranges from alluvial plains in the tropical lowlands to very rugged and permanently snow and ice covered Himalayan Mountains.The country’s forest ecosystems can be categorized into ten major groups that range from tropical and subtropical broadleaved forests in the southto temperate coniferous and subalpine and alpine scrub at the Himalayan highlands.

Nepal is proud to the achievements that the country has made in conserving its forests and associated biodiversity through community based management of forests and protected areas over the last few decades, which also have direct positive contribution to the local livelihoods, poverty alleviation, and reduction of natural disasters. However, multiple factors still pose serious threats and challenges to the country’s forest resources and biodiversity. Forest loss and degradation remains a major problem in some parts of the country, particularly in the Tarai lowlands and adjoining Chure hills. Climate change, whose effects are not clearly known, is speculated to have profound impacts in the future, particularly in the mountains.

Government of Nepal has been promoting REDD+ since 2008 as a mechanism to control forest loss and degradation. The REDD+ Readiness process that started in 2008 with financial support of the World Bank has led to establishment of necessary institutional entities, including an Apex Body, REDD Working Group, and REDD Forestry and Climate Change Cell in the Ministry of Forest and Soil Conservation. REDD Readiness Preparation Proposal has been developed, and development of National REDD+ Strategy is at its final stage. There have also been some initiatives to implement REDD+ in the field.

In the above context, this Summer School with the theme ‘Forestry in Nepal: role of community forestry and REDD+ program in sustainable development’, is highly relevant for Nepal. The representation of several Asian countries like China, India, Sri Lanka, Vietnam, Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Iran and Nepal in the Summer School will provide the participants an opportunity for sharing experiences and practices related to REDD+ and other relevant subjects for mutual benefits.

Kathmandu Forestry College is proud to co-host the Summer School together with the Georg-August University of Göttingen, Germany. We thank the Georg-August University of Göttingen for this collaboration with us, and the DAAD (German Academic Exchange Service) for funding the program and being an important bridge of friendship, knowledge and education between Nepal and Germany. Finally, we extend our heartiest welcome to all the participating alumni and invited delegates to this program.

Ambika P. Gautam, Ph.D., Professor and Principal Jhamak B. Karki, Ph.D., Vice-Principal Kathmandu Forestry College, Nepal March 2016


Lanka, Vietnam, Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Iran and the host country Nepal. This

event will provide them the opportunity for collaboration with both of the above mentioned

Institutes in Nepal and the University of Göttingen in Germany.

The Organizing Committee of the International German Alumni Summer School from the

University of Göttingen is extending their heartiest welcome to all Alumni and invited delegates

to this program and also expressing their sincere words of gratitude to the local host institution

in Nepal, the KAFCOL team for lending their cooperation and support in the successful hosting

of this program.

We are wishing all of us a very fruitful and enlightening time at the summer school in

Kathmandu, Nepal.

Prof. Renate Bürger-Arndt,

Prof. Martin Kappas,

Dr. Jolanta Slowik, Dr. Kamini Barua and Dr. Margaretha Pangau-Adam

Forewords

Nepal is rich in biological diversity and forest resources due mainly to the country’s unique geographic position and dramatic changes in elevation along the relatively short (150-250 km) north-south transect and associated high variability in the physiographic and climatic conditions. The geographic diversity ranges from alluvial plains in the tropical lowlands to very rugged and permanently snow and ice covered Himalayan Mountains.The country’s forest ecosystems can be categorized into ten major groups that range from tropical and subtropical broadleaved forests in the southto temperate coniferous and subalpine and alpine scrub at the Himalayan highlands.

Nepal is proud to the achievements that the country has made in conserving its forests and associated biodiversity through community based management of forests and protected areas over the last few decades, which also have direct positive contribution to the local livelihoods, poverty alleviation, and reduction of natural disasters. However, multiple factors still pose serious threats and challenges to the country’s forest resources and biodiversity. Forest loss and degradation remains a major problem in some parts of the country, particularly in the Tarai lowlands and adjoining Chure hills. Climate change, whose effects are not clearly known, is speculated to have profound impacts in the future, particularly in the mountains.

Government of Nepal has been promoting REDD+ since 2008 as a mechanism to control forest loss and degradation. The REDD+ Readiness process that started in 2008 with financial support of the World Bank has led to establishment of necessary institutional entities, including an Apex Body, REDD Working Group, and REDD Forestry and Climate Change Cell in the Ministry of Forest and Soil Conservation. REDD Readiness Preparation Proposal has been developed, and development of National REDD+ Strategy is at its final stage. There have also been some initiatives to implement REDD+ in the field.

In the above context, this Summer School with the theme ‘Forestry in Nepal: role of community forestry and REDD+ program in sustainable development’, is highly relevant for Nepal. The representation of several Asian countries like China, India, Sri Lanka, Vietnam, Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Iran and Nepal in the Summer School will provide the participants an opportunity for sharing experiences and practices related to REDD+ and other relevant subjects for mutual benefits.

Kathmandu Forestry College is proud to co-host the Summer School together with the Georg-August University of Göttingen, Germany. We thank the Georg-August University of Göttingen for this collaboration with us, and the DAAD (German Academic Exchange Service) for funding the program and being an important bridge of friendship, knowledge and education between Nepal and Germany. Finally, we extend our heartiest welcome to all the participating alumni and invited delegates to this program.

Ambika P. Gautam, Ph.D., Professor and Principal Jhamak B. Karki, Ph.D., Vice-Principal Kathmandu Forestry College, Nepal March 2016


Tentative Program of the Summer School - 6th to 13th of March, 2016

Day 1 6th March 2016

Arrival of the participants (international and non-local Alumni from Nepal)

Day 2 7th March 2016 08.30 – 09.00 09:00 – 11:00

Official registration of delegates

Official Opening Ceremony with Welcome addresses by the invited guests

Master of ceremony/Moderator : Dr. Jhamak B. Karki, Vice-Principal, Kathmandu Forestry College, Nepal Chair of inaugural session: Prof. Chiranjibi P.Upadhyay, Dean, Institute of Forestry, Tribhuvan University (TU), Nepal. Chief Guest: Secretary, Dr.Uday Chandra Thakur, Ministry of Forests and Soil Conservation (MoFSC), Government of Nepal (GoN). Invited Guests

Secretary,Dr.Krishna C.Poudel, Ministry of Livestock Development (MoLD), Government of Nepal (GoN), and

Mathias Meyer, Ambassador of Germany for Nepal Other guests

Welcome Address:

Prof. Dr. Ambika P Gautam, Principal, Kathmandu Forestry College (KAFCOL) Opening Remarks

Prof. Renate Bürger-Arndt, Coordinator of German Alumni Summer School,Georg-August University of Göttingen, Germany

Dr. Roshan Shrestha, President – Nepal-German Academic Association

National Trust for Nature Conservation WWF Nepal – Santosh Mani Nepal Paul Rukard, Deputy Country Director , GIZ Nepal Mathias Meyer, Ambassador of Germany for Nepal Dr.Krishna C.Poudel, Secretary, Ministry of Livestock

Development, Government of Nepal Chief Guest, Dr.Uday Chandra Thakur, Secretary Ministry of

Forests and Soil Conservation (MoFSC), Government of Nepal (GoN). Chairperson’s remarks and closing of the opening ceremony Self introduction of German Alumni

11:00 -11:15 Coffee Break 11:15 - 13.15 11:15 – 12:15 12:15 – 13:15 13:15 – 14:15 14:15 – 16.15 14.15 – 15.15 15.15 – 16.15 16.15 – 16.30 16.30 – 17.30 16.30 – 17.30 18.30 onwards

Keynote Talks Plenary session 1 – Nature Conservation, Forestry – role of education and research

Moderator – Prof. Krister Andersson Nature Conservation strategies in the face of global changes and

multiple challenges Dr. J. Slowik, Johann-Friederich Blumenbach Institute (Dept. of Conservation Biology), University of Göttingen, Germany

Building Community and Ecosystem Resilience through Forestry: Role of Education, Research and Capacity Building

Dr.Madhav B.Karki (Co-Chair, Regional Assessment of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services, Asia-Pacific)

Lunch Plenary session 2- Remote sensing, Forestry and ecosystem services assessment Moderator : Dr. Ambika P Gautam Remote sensing of forest resources

Prof. Martin Kappas Institute of Geography (Dept. of Cartography, GIS & Remote Sensing), University of Göttingen, Germany

The Matrix Approach-Ready for the Inter- and

Transdisciplinary Implementation of Ecosystem Services Assessment on the Landscape Scale

Prof. Renate Bürger – Arndt Department of Nature Conservation & Landscape Management, University of Göttingen, Germany

Coffee Break

Plenary session 3 - Community Forestry and social environment Moderator : Prof. Renate Bürger-Arndt

Can Community-Forestry Programs Help Both the Forest and it’s Users? Sorting out the Institutional Conditions for Social-Environmental Synergy

Prof. Krister Anderson, University of Colorado, USA Official Welcome Dinner


Tentative Program of the Summer School - 6th to 13th of March, 2016


Arrival of the participants (international and non-local Alumni from Nepal)

Day 2 7th March 2016 08.30 – 09.00 09:00 – 11:00

Official registration of delegates

Official Opening Ceremony with Welcome addresses by the invited guests

Master of ceremony/Moderator : Dr. Jhamak B. Karki, Vice-Principal, Kathmandu Forestry College, Nepal Chair of inaugural session: Prof. Chiranjibi P.Upadhyay, Dean, Institute of Forestry, Tribhuvan University (TU), Nepal. Chief Guest: Secretary, Dr.Uday Chandra Thakur, Ministry of Forests and Soil Conservation (MoFSC), Government of Nepal (GoN). Invited Guests

Secretary,Dr.Krishna C.Poudel, Ministry of Livestock Development (MoLD), Government of Nepal (GoN), and

Mathias Meyer, Ambassador of Germany for Nepal Other guests

Welcome Address:

Prof. Dr. Ambika P Gautam, Principal, Kathmandu Forestry College (KAFCOL) Opening Remarks

Prof. Renate Bürger-Arndt, Coordinator of German Alumni Summer School,Georg-August University of Göttingen, Germany

Dr. Roshan Shrestha, President – Nepal-German Academic Association

National Trust for Nature Conservation WWF Nepal – Santosh Mani Nepal Paul Rukard, Deputy Country Director , GIZ Nepal Mathias Meyer, Ambassador of Germany for Nepal Dr.Krishna C.Poudel, Secretary, Ministry of Livestock

Development, Government of Nepal Chief Guest, Dr.Uday Chandra Thakur, Secretary Ministry of

Forests and Soil Conservation (MoFSC), Government of Nepal (GoN). Chairperson’s remarks and closing of the opening ceremony Self introduction of German Alumni

11:00 -11:15 Coffee Break 11:15 - 13.15 11:15 – 12:15 12:15 – 13:15 13:15 – 14:15 14:15 – 16.15 14.15 – 15.15 15.15 – 16.15 16.15 – 16.30 16.30 – 17.30 16.30 – 17.30 18.30 onwards

Keynote Talks Plenary session 1 – Nature Conservation, Forestry – role of education and research

Moderator – Prof. Krister Andersson Nature Conservation strategies in the face of global changes and

multiple challenges Dr. J. Slowik, Johann-Friederich Blumenbach Institute (Dept. of Conservation Biology), University of Göttingen, Germany

Building Community and Ecosystem Resilience through Forestry: Role of Education, Research and Capacity Building

Dr.Madhav B.Karki (Co-Chair, Regional Assessment of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services, Asia-Pacific)

Lunch Plenary session 2- Remote sensing, Forestry and ecosystem services assessment Moderator : Dr. Ambika P Gautam Remote sensing of forest resources

Prof. Martin Kappas Institute of Geography (Dept. of Cartography, GIS & Remote Sensing), University of Göttingen, Germany

The Matrix Approach-Ready for the Inter- and

Transdisciplinary Implementation of Ecosystem Services Assessment on the Landscape Scale

Prof. Renate Bürger – Arndt Department of Nature Conservation & Landscape Management, University of Göttingen, Germany

Coffee Break

Plenary session 3 - Community Forestry and social environment Moderator : Prof. Renate Bürger-Arndt

Can Community-Forestry Programs Help Both the Forest and it’s Users? Sorting out the Institutional Conditions for Social-Environmental Synergy

Prof. Krister Anderson, University of Colorado, USA Official Welcome Dinner


Day 3 8th March, 2016

Presentations by German Alumni, and representatives of Government Agencies and Research Institutes

08:30 - 10:00 08.30 – 09.00 09.00 – 09.30 09.30 –10.00 10.00 -10.15 10.15 – 12.00 10.15 - 10.45 10:45 – 11.15 11.15 – 12.45 11.15 – 11.45 11.45 – 12.15 12.15 – 12.45

Plenary session 4 - Close to Nature Forestry and sustainable development Moderator – Dr. Martin Kappas

Rehabilitation of degraded forests and lessons learnt: A case study from India

Dhirendra Bhargava, IFS, Chief Conservator of Forests,

Indian Ministry of Environment & Forests Sustainability of upper catchment forestry areas in ancient irrigation

cascade ecosystem in Dry zone of Sri Lanka Dr. Ranjana U.K.Piyadasa, Senior Lecturer, Department of Geography, University of Colombo

Relation between Community Forest management and Biodiversity Conservation

Smita Das, Forest Officer, Regional Forest Training Centre, Ministry of Soil & Forest Conservation, Surkhet district

Coffee Break

Session 5 – Close to Nature Forestry and sustainable development

Moderator – Dr. Jolanta Slowik

Forest and nature conservation, land use and resource utilization, and water management in north Iran

Prof.Emilia Nercissians, Department of Social Sciences, University of Tehran

Community based measures to address the drivers of deforestation and forest degradation in Nepal

Dev Raj Gautam, CARE-Nepal

Plenary session 6 – Protected areas , Biodiversity and local livelihoods Moderator – Prof. Renate Bürger-Arndt

Management of biodiversity and ecosystems for human well being: Efforts, achievements and challenges (Nepal and Asia-Pacific)

Dr. Ambika P. Gautam, KAFCOL

The construction of Naturalness Assessment Index System of Mountainuous National Parks in China

Prof. Zhang Deshun, Department of landscape study, Tongji University, Shanghai Conservation Awareness on Community Use Zone (CUZ) by

Local Communities in the Upland Areas of Mount Kinabalu and Crocker Range Park, Sabah, Malaysia

Dr. Andy Russel Mojiol, Faculty of Science and Natural Resources

Universiti Malaysia Sabah

12.45 – 13.45 Lunch Break

13.45 – 16.00 13.45 –14.15 14.15 – 14.45 14:45 – 15.15

Plenary session 7 – Local knowledge systems and livelihoods

Moderator – Prof. Krister Anderson

Integration of medicinal and aromatic plants in forestry to reduce emission of green house gases, conserve forests and enhance sustainable income of tribal people at Indo-Nepal border

Dr. Rakesh Pandey, Principal Scientist, CSIR-CIMAP (Indian Government undertaking)

Nepalese Socio-Culture Use of Plants and its Products: In Context to Newar Community of Kathmandu Valley

Dr.Nirmala Joshi, Scientific officer, Department of Plant Resources.

Experience sharing in introducing tree crops for nutrition security,

aid organic farming and reduce drudgery of farm women under Paramparagat Krishi Vikas Yojna in Tarai region of India

Dr. Ram Chaudhary, Chairman

Participatory Rural Development Foundation (NGO), India


Day 3 8th March, 2016

Presentations by German Alumni, and representatives of Government Agencies and Research Institutes

08:30 - 10:00 08.30 – 09.00 09.00 – 09.30 09.30 –10.00 10.00 -10.15 10.15 – 12.00 10.15 - 10.45 10:45 – 11.15 11.15 – 12.45 11.15 – 11.45 11.45 – 12.15 12.15 – 12.45

Plenary session 4 - Close to Nature Forestry and sustainable development Moderator – Dr. Martin Kappas


Dhirendra Bhargava, IFS, Chief Conservator of Forests,

Indian Ministry of Environment & Forests Sustainability of upper catchment forestry areas in ancient irrigation

cascade ecosystem in Dry zone of Sri Lanka Dr. Ranjana U.K.Piyadasa, Senior Lecturer, Department of Geography, University of Colombo

Relation between Community Forest management and Biodiversity Conservation

Smita Das, Forest Officer, Regional Forest Training Centre, Ministry of Soil & Forest Conservation, Surkhet district

Coffee Break

Session 5 – Close to Nature Forestry and sustainable development


Forest and nature conservation, land use and resource utilization, and water management in north Iran

Prof.Emilia Nercissians, Department of Social Sciences, University of Tehran


Dev Raj Gautam, CARE-Nepal

Plenary session 6 – Protected areas , Biodiversity and local livelihoods Moderator – Prof. Renate Bürger-Arndt

Management of biodiversity and ecosystems for human well being: Efforts, achievements and challenges (Nepal and Asia-Pacific)

Dr. Ambika P. Gautam, KAFCOL

The construction of Naturalness Assessment Index System of Mountainuous National Parks in China

Prof. Zhang Deshun, Department of landscape study, Tongji University, Shanghai Conservation Awareness on Community Use Zone (CUZ) by

Local Communities in the Upland Areas of Mount Kinabalu and Crocker Range Park, Sabah, Malaysia

Dr. Andy Russel Mojiol, Faculty of Science and Natural Resources

Universiti Malaysia Sabah

12.45 – 13.45 Lunch Break

13.45 – 16.00 13.45 –14.15 14.15 – 14.45 14:45 – 15.15

Plenary session 7 – Local knowledge systems and livelihoods

Moderator – Prof. Krister Anderson

Integration of medicinal and aromatic plants in forestry to reduce emission of green house gases, conserve forests and enhance sustainable income of tribal people at Indo-Nepal border

Dr. Rakesh Pandey, Principal Scientist, CSIR-CIMAP (Indian Government undertaking)

Nepalese Socio-Culture Use of Plants and its Products: In Context to Newar Community of Kathmandu Valley

Dr.Nirmala Joshi, Scientific officer, Department of Plant Resources.

Experience sharing in introducing tree crops for nutrition security,

aid organic farming and reduce drudgery of farm women under Paramparagat Krishi Vikas Yojna in Tarai region of India

Dr. Ram Chaudhary, Chairman

Participatory Rural Development Foundation (NGO), India


15.15 – 15.30 15.30 – 16.00

Coffee Break

Phytochemical Screening, Antioxidant and Anti- inflammatory Properties of “Longevity Spinach” (Gynura procumbens Lour.) Ethanolic Leaf Extract

Prof. Marie M. Sandoval, University Coordinator Eco-waste Management Program, Benguet State University, the Phillipines

16.00 – 18.30 Local tour to places of historic interest

19.00 onwards Dinner and open evening


Presentations by German Alumni

08:30 - 10:00 08.30 – 09.00 09.00 – 09.30 09.30 – 10.00 10.00- 10.15 10.15 – 12.15 10.15 – 10.45

Plenary session 8- Climate change, Land-use systems and natural resources management Moderator – Prof. Martin Kappas (University of Göttingen)

Policy coherent and interplay between forest, biodiversity and climate policies for climate change adaptation in Nepal

Ms. Sunita Ranabhat, Policy Analyst, ICIMOD-Nepal

The land cover changes and natural resource management issues in mountainous region of the central Viet Nam.

Dr. Man Quang Huy, Faculty of Geography,Vietnam National University

Advancing Understanding of the Natural Forest Carbon Stock Enhancement as part of REDD+ in Ha Tinh Province, Vietnam

Dr. Nguyen Thi Chien, Senior Natural Resources/REDD+ Advisor

The Netherland Development Organisation, SNV, Hanoi Vietnam

Coffee Break

Plenary session 9 – Ecotourism, ecosystem functions and services, conservation and human-animal conflict


Birding tourism at Kaziranga National Park, Assam (Northeast India) - ecotourism contributing to conservation

Dr. Kamini Barua, University of Göttingen, Germany

Co-Partner – Agoratoli Ecotourism Initiative, Kaziranga National Park, Assam, India

10.45 – 11.15 11.15 -11.45 11.45 – 12.15 12.15 – 13.15

Restoring Lake Toba ecosystem Dr. Erika Pardede, Universitas HKBP Nommensen (UHN) – Medan, Indonesia

Consequences of forest disturbance on frugivores and seed dispersal in tropical rainforest, Indonesia

Dr.Margaretha Pangau-Adam, university of Göttingen, Germany

Review of Wildlife Human Conflict in Kathmandu Valley Utsab Thapa, Forest officer, District Forest office, Kathmandu Lunch

13:15 - 16:00 13.15 – 13.45 13.45 – 14.15 14.15 – 14.30 14.30 – 15.00 15.00 – 15.30 15.45

Plenery Session 10 - REDD+ and Community Forestry in Nepal Moderator – Dr.Ambika Gautam, KAFCOL

Policy and programs on REDD and community forestry in Nepal

Dr.Narendra Chand, REDD Implementation Center, Miistry of Forests and Soil Conservation, Government of Nepal

Grassroots capacity development in REDD+: Learning from the Ground

Dr. Bishnu Hari Poudyal, Country Programme Coordinator, Regional Community Forestry Training Center, Nepal Coffee Break

"R-Package Assessment of Nepal's REDD+ Preparedness" Dr. Rajendra K.C

Lessons from REDD Piloting Seema Karki and Bhaskar S Karky, International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD)

Departure to field excursion site at Sauraha, Chitwan National Park


15.15 – 15.30 15.30 – 16.00

Coffee Break


Prof. Marie M. Sandoval, University Coordinator Eco-waste Management Program, Benguet State University, the Phillipines

16.00 – 18.30 Local tour to places of historic interest

19.00 onwards Dinner and open evening


Presentations by German Alumni

08:30 - 10:00 08.30 – 09.00 09.00 – 09.30 09.30 – 10.00 10.00- 10.15 10.15 – 12.15 10.15 – 10.45

Plenary session 8- Climate change, Land-use systems and natural resources management Moderator – Prof. Martin Kappas (University of Göttingen)

Policy coherent and interplay between forest, biodiversity and climate policies for climate change adaptation in Nepal

Ms. Sunita Ranabhat, Policy Analyst, ICIMOD-Nepal


Dr. Man Quang Huy, Faculty of Geography,Vietnam National University


Dr. Nguyen Thi Chien, Senior Natural Resources/REDD+ Advisor

The Netherland Development Organisation, SNV, Hanoi Vietnam

Coffee Break

Plenary session 9 – Ecotourism, ecosystem functions and services, conservation and human-animal conflict


Birding tourism at Kaziranga National Park, Assam (Northeast India) - ecotourism contributing to conservation

Dr. Kamini Barua, University of Göttingen, Germany

Co-Partner – Agoratoli Ecotourism Initiative, Kaziranga National Park, Assam, India

10.45 – 11.15 11.15 -11.45 11.45 – 12.15 12.15 – 13.15

Restoring Lake Toba ecosystem Dr. Erika Pardede, Universitas HKBP Nommensen (UHN) – Medan, Indonesia

Consequences of forest disturbance on frugivores and seed dispersal in tropical rainforest, Indonesia

Dr.Margaretha Pangau-Adam, university of Göttingen, Germany

Review of Wildlife Human Conflict in Kathmandu Valley Utsab Thapa, Forest officer, District Forest office, Kathmandu Lunch

13:15 - 16:00 13.15 – 13.45 13.45 – 14.15 14.15 – 14.30 14.30 – 15.00 15.00 – 15.30 15.45

Plenery Session 10 - REDD+ and Community Forestry in Nepal Moderator – Dr.Ambika Gautam, KAFCOL

Policy and programs on REDD and community forestry in Nepal

Dr.Narendra Chand, REDD Implementation Center, Miistry of Forests and Soil Conservation, Government of Nepal

Grassroots capacity development in REDD+: Learning from the Ground

Dr. Bishnu Hari Poudyal, Country Programme Coordinator, Regional Community Forestry Training Center, Nepal Coffee Break

"R-Package Assessment of Nepal's REDD+ Preparedness" Dr. Rajendra K.C

Lessons from REDD Piloting Seema Karki and Bhaskar S Karky, International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD)

Departure to field excursion site at Sauraha, Chitwan National Park


21.30 Dinner and overnight stay at Sauraha, Hotel Maruni

Day 5 10th March, 2016 06:00 - 07:00 07:00 - 08:00 08:00-10:00 10:00-14 :00 14:00- 15:00 15:00-17:00 17:00-18:00 18:00-18:30 18.30-20:30 20:30 onwards

Field Excursion-Chitwan National Park-Sauraha and Kasara Bird watching Breakfast Elephant ride/Elephant breeding center visit Jungle Drive-Gharial and vulture conservation breeding centers, Kasara Museum, Kasara-Tamortal round and return Lunch Elephant ride/Elephant breeding center visit Biodiversity Conservation Centers-elephant free chain and Sauraha’s elephant stable and back to hotel Tea/cookies Documentaries on CNP /Presentation/interaction/s with Terai Arc Landscape, National Trust for Nature Conservation-Biodiversity Conservation Center and National Park officials Dinner

Day 6 11th March, 2016 06:00 - 07:00 07:00 - 08:00 08:00- 15:30 15:30 - 16:00 16:00-17:00 17:00-18:00 18:00-18:30 18:30-:20:00 20:00 onwards

Field Excursion-Kayerkhola and Sauraha, CNP Morning activity 6-730 by hotel (bird watching/village walk in Sauraha) Breakfast Guided tour of the Kayer khola including pack lunch and Back (one hour to reach side and 1 hour to back-Field program to be confirmed with District Forest Office Chitwan on exact forest, meeting with representatives of 16 committee forestry users Network Tea/coffee in Hotel Sauraha BCC biodiversity information center Free time to Sauraha-Thamel walk Tea/cookies Cultural program and slide show at Hotel Dinner

Day 7 12th March 2016 06:00 - 12:00 12.00 – 13.00

1 Forum Discussion and Summarization of the Summer School activities Tea and Travel to Kathmandu (Packed Breakfast on the way to be eaten after Mungling-crossing the road block area) Lunch at Park village & resort, Budanilkantha, Kathmandu

13.00 – 15.00 15.00 – 15.15 15.15 – 15.30

Summarization of the activities of the summer school with potential perspectives for future research collaborations e.g REDD+, community /ecological /local knowledge systems Moderators – Prof. Renate Bürger-Arndt and Dr. J.B. KarkiCoffee break Brief information on German Alumni networking

15.30 – 16.00 16.00 – 16.15 16.15 – 16.45 16.45-19.00 19.00

Evaluation of the Summer School for participants through questionnaire survey

Closing remarks by the Coordinator of the German Alumni Summer School and Principal, KAFCOL Awarding of certificates to participants

Free time Closing Dinner

Day 8 13th of March, 2016

Departure of delegates


Abstract arranged as per program schedule

Nature Conservation strategies in the face of global changes and multiply challenges

Dr. Jolanta Slowik

Abstract Nature conservation is required to look after new solutions by ongoing escalation of global

change. Climate change, human population growth, and as well land use changes as land

grabbing are driving biodiversity loss. According to some scientists like Paul Crutzen, Eugene

Stoermer and Jan Zalasiewicz, the mankind is moving towards the new geological epoch so

called Anthropocene. Since the industrial revolution in 1750 humans have grown into a global

force changing their environment significantly, and the planet is now dominated by human

activities (Jan Zalasiewicz, Mark Williams, Will Steffen, Paul Crutzen, 2010). About two

hundred million hectares of forest and 11 million hectares of grassland in developing countries

were converted to agriculture between 1960 and 1980b (Holgate et al., 1982). The proclaimed

United Nations Decade on Biodiversity 2011-2020 till yet did not stop rate of biodiversity loss

because the main pressures on biodiversity are persistent or even intensifying. Many unique

and threatened species have lost already the greater areas of their habitat, and are protected

than ever, on only a tiny percent of their original range. The Paris climate change agreement

is critical for people and it is critical for biodiversity, said Edward Perry, the Global Climate

Change Policy Coordinator at BirdLife International. Despite of all obstacles, conservation

biology as a young science is not only dealing with the investigations of human impact on

biological diversity but as well is developing the practical approaches in order to stop the

extinction of species. One of the actual recommended strategies in nature conservation is so

called community based approach. My personal experiences with such programs in Africa,

Asia and Central Amerika demonstrate that community based nature conservation is not the

panacea for success. Multiply problems need multiply solutions, patient and clever political

decisions.

Building Community and Ecosystem Resilience through Forestry: Role of Capacity Building and Knowledge Management'

Madhav Karki, Ph.D.1 Forest ecosystem and biodiversity resources provide critical livelihood support to majority of

people of Nepal. Nepal’s forestry sector supplies more than 70% energy, 40% animal feed,

and provides 200,000 full time jobs to Nepalese people. It contributes more than 5% to national

economy and its share in country’s export value is close to 10%. However, these values are

under serious threat due to multiple and complex drivers of deforestation and forest

degradation. Land use change and forest conversion to other land uses (mainly agriculture),

unsustainable harvesting of forest products, uncontrolled grazing, pest and disease outbreaks,

invasive species and wild fires are the most prominent direct drivers. Among the underlying

drivers poor government policies and their implementation, strong market forces, poverty and

food insecurity, unclear or insecure land and forest ecosystem services tenure influence

deforestation and forest degradation. Climate change is a new driver that is exerting additional

stress on forests that pose risk to both the ecosystem integrity and productivity of forests of

Nepal.

In order to protect Nepal’s valuable forest resources from these old and new drivers, one of

the most holistic and cost effective measures is building resilience for adaptation and

mitigation of society and ecosystems through sustainable forest management (SFM).

Resilience is the ability to cope with climatic and non-climatic stress and the dynamic capacity

to recover from the effects of natural and human induced disturbances. Building resilience in

Nepal’s forestry sector requires local situation specific and ecosystem based forest

management – both in community and government forests. This will require enhancement of

adaptive capacity of vulnerable people who depend on forests as well as development of

synthesised and holistic knowledge systems that integrates both traditional and modern

knowledge systems. In order to provide adequate scientific, technical, indigenous and local

knowledge and expertise, comprehensive capacity building programme for individual,

institutions and systems will be necessary. Also required will be enabling policy and legal

framework, responsive and good forest governance and multi-sectoral involvement that can

support sustainable forest management (SFM) in a coordinated, coherent and continuous

manner.

1 Executive Director, CGED-Nepal; Co-Chair, IPBES Regional Assessment of Biodiversity & Ecosystem Services in Asia Pacific Region; South Asia Chair, IUCN/Commission on Ecosystem Management (CEM); and IPBES Task Force member on Indigenous and Local Knowledge (ILK)


However, currently Nepalese forestry institutions suffer from both knowledge and capacity

gaps since the institutions and their efforts are scattered, fragmented and are neither

comprehensive nor continuous. Wide gaps exist in areas including adaptive conservation,

management and use of forests to reduce risk and build resilience on forests, trees and

vulnerable people. There is a need to build national and particularly local institutional capacity

to support participatory and responsive decision making processes leading to equitable

outcomes of the SFM projects. Sustainable forest management provides a sound conceptual

framework for building resilience. Therefore Nepal should build a robust body of knowledge

and expertise, a number of well-tested approaches for integrated and landscape level planning

and management of forests, and a wide variety of tools to assist the managers in building

resiliency work.

Remote Sensing of Forest Resources

Martin Kappas

Abstract Remote sensing allows for efficient management of forest resources. These resources include wood, forage, water, wildlife, recreation, timber management, maintenance and improvement of existing forest stands and fire control. Satellite and remote sensing images, with air photo interpretation, combined with forest classification maps, will also help to determine the volume of timber harvested from an individual tree or stand of trees.

Mostly the emphasis of RS-methods is placed on forest inventory techniques and detection of plants / trees on large-scale photographs or high-resolution satellite images (Iconos, Quickbird, RapidEye, Spot 7-8, WorldView-II-III), as well as looking for signs of damage by fire, insects, or disease.

Today Remote Sensing techniques focus more and more on the evaluation of the contribution of different forest ecosystems in climate change mitigation and development strategies such as:

Assessment of forest condition (area, composition, indicators of wood stock etc. Assessing the carbon budget Study of good practice in sustainable forest management aimed at reducing

emissions from deforestation and forest degradation, conservation and development (storage) of carbon stocks (REED+)

Develop a mechanism for fair distribution of costs and benefits (including the sale of carbon, ecosystem services) on the mitigation of climate change among stakeholders in accordance with national institutional capabilities.

Specific technics such as Airborne Laser Scanning (ALS) data - also known as Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) - enable the accurate three - dimensional characterization of vertical forest structure. ALS has proven to be an information-rich asset for forest managers, enabling the generation of highly detailed digital elevation models and the estimation of a range of forest inventory attributes (e.g., height, basal area, and volume). Comparable measurements to ALS will be available from new radar campaigns like TerraSAR-X .

Finally Remote sensing fulfills the need for information regarding forest ecosystems, and provides input to ecological models to help monitor forest dynamics towards a sustainable forest management.

Prof. Dr. Martin Kappas Institute of Geography, Cartography, GIS & Remote Sensing Section Georg-August University Goettingen, Germany [email protected]


The Matrix Approach Ready for the Inter- and Transdisciplinary Implementation

of Ecosystem Services Assessment on the Landscape Scale Prof. Dr. Renate Bürger-Arndt

Georg-August Universität Göttingen

[email protected]

www.naturschutz.uni-goettingen.de

Abstract According to the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment, rapid changes and increasing degradations of ecosystems by humans over the past 50 years have caused substantial losses of biodiversity and ecosystem services. Doubtlessly ecosystem changes did also contribute to substantial net gains in human well-being and economic development; however not for everybody nor anywhere. In fact, economic inequality rather increased, putting the achievement of the Millennium Development Goals at high risk. Facing growing demands for food, fresh water, timber, fiber, and fuel, the degradation of ecosystems and their services capacity could worsen significantly in the near future. In this context, the state of forests will be of paramount importance.

The MA relied on the Ecosystem Services Concept as a comprehensive conceptual background to analyze and demonstrate the essential importance and relevance of nature / biodiversity for human well-being in order to provide political guidance and advice for decision makers with respect to nature sound land-use for sustainable development. Since then, the Ecosystem Services Concept received rapidly growing attention in science and politics.

The contribution will provide an introduction into the rather comprehensive and complex conceptual framework, its theoretical perspectives and its practical challenges. It will then present and exemplify a practicable approach for immediate ecosystem services assessment and illustration, based on available data and existing knowledge.

Can Community-Forestry Programs Help Both the Forest and its Users?

Sorting out the Institutional Conditions for Social-Environmental Synergy

Krister Andersson University of Colorado at Boulder (USA)

[email protected]

Lauren Persha University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (USA)

Carl Salk

International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (Austria)

Glenn Wright University of Alaska, Southeast (USA)

Abstract

Most recent empirical studies have found that community-forestry programs and other

decentralized approaches to natural resource governance have had an overwhelmingly

positive effect on forest conditions. These strategies seem to support more stable and

healthier forests. Recent studies that focus on non-biological outcomes—such as rural

livelihoods, elite capture, and forest user-participation in local governance decisions—on the

other hand, have found more mixed results. These contrasting results suggest that it is

possible that community-based governance approaches may simultaneously produce

improved forests but worsened social outcomes. The purpose of this paper is to develop and

test a theory about the institutional conditions under which decentralized approaches will

support both forests and equitable livelihoods. We argue that in order to gain a deeper

understanding of how local governance systems may produce multiple outcomes--which may

sometimes represent tradeoffs and sometimes synergies—one needs to recognize the

influence of local institutional arrangements. More specifically, we propose that community-

based governance approaches will lead to improved local outcomes when a combination of

the following three institutional conditions exist: (1) The user group has an active forest

governance decision process in place; (2) The user group has substantive decision-making

rights around forest use & management, and (3) The user group’s self-governance efforts are

embedded within a broader hierarchy for common-pool resource management. We use a

quasi-experimental research design, which allows us to contrast forests that have been

subject to reforms with similar forest sites that have not been subject to such reforms. Using

longitudinal field data from the International Forestry Resources and Institutions (IFRI)

research network, we test these ideas with multilevel regression techniques.



Dhirendra Bhargava, IFS Chief Conservator of Forests Balaghat (MP) India

Abstract

Forest degradation in India is a serious environmental, social and economic problem. The increasing biotic pressure and fire causing degradation of forests. Deforestation and forest degradation constitute the second most important contributor to global warming. Aspects of forest degradation include reduction in stocking level, loss of biodiversity & carbon stock, status of forest health, lowering of production and undesired physical & chemical changes in forest soils. To reduce and reverse the negative impact of forest degradation rehabilitation of such forests is carried out in the context of broader environmental, social and economic needs and interest. Joint Forest Management is instrumental in rehabilitation of degraded forests and sharing of benefits arising from such forests in India.

Government of India has launched National Afforestation Programme to assists rehabilitation of degraded forests and checking land degradation through Joint Forest Management Committees (JFMCs). Intensification of forest management and strengthening of forest management schemes are also launched to prevent degradation of forests. Forest Development Agencies (FDA) have been created at the district level to function as a link between the Ministry of Environment Forest & Climate Change and JFMCs for the scrutiny of projects, release of funds and implementation of the sanctioned programmes. As on March 2015, projects involving 2.1 million ha in 28 states taken up and Rs. 35138 million has been disbursed to the FDA for implementation of these projects. Plantations, soil & moisture conservation works are carried out in degraded forest area to rehabilitate such areas. Rehabilitation works has resulted in increase in productivity, enhancement of carbon stock and availability of forest produce to the community. These programmes are aimed to provide sustainable employment in degraded forest area to improve productivity and rehabilitate these forests. All degraded forest area, which required rehabilitation work are kept under Rehabilitation Working Circle and every year one coupe in a series is worked as per working plan prescription. Paucity of budget allocation is a major impediment in rehabilitation of forests. Lessons learned includes identification of extend of degradation, long term planning to prevent degradation and rehabilitation, enhance institutional capacity, livelihood, Rehabilitation of degraded forests requires knowledge of ecological succession, capital investment, new technologies and sustainable use. It is recommended to adopt holistic approach for rehabilitation of degraded forests taking into consideration of provision of alternate to forest products to the local community and employment opportunities in forest development and in other sectors.

Key words: degradation, rehabilitation, productivity, carbon stock, succession.

Sustainability of upper catchment forestry areas in ancient irrigation cascade ecosystem in Dry zone of Sri Lanka

Ranjana. U. K. Piyadasa

Department of Geography, University of Colombo, Colombo 00300, Sri Lanka

[email protected]

Abstract Sri Lanka is one of the few countries in the world that had a thriving and vibrant ancient

irrigation based civilization for over two thousand years. The irrigation cascade ecosystem

farmars used for traditional organic cultivation of paddy, harmonized environment and

development in an environmentally sound and sustainable manner. They are of multiple use

and supports aquatic ecosystems and human settlements in a geo-physical environment that

would have otherwise been left parched and desolate. Forestry areas in upper catchment of

the tank cascade system plays an important role in the ecosystem. The forest cover in the

catchment was maintain by the local community and was protected by controlling felling trees

and clearing for agricultural expansion. The environmental services provided by the forests

were valued by farmers communities and used only for the sustainable extraction of some non

timber forest products such as medicinal herbs for local medicinal preparations. The Study

was conducted in the Horivila cascade ecosystem in North Central Province, Sri Lanka. The

main objective of the study was to identify the tank cascade system upper catchment areas

forest distribution and its benefits to farmer community. The study reveled that the in Horivila

cascade environmental services provided by the forests were valued in farming communities

and well maintained to minimize the soil erosion from upper catchment. The study revealed

that the forestry area is minimizing the sediment runoff control to tank. That forestry areas

were not used to irrigate land; on the contrary, its express purpose was to provide water to

wild animals and, hence, to reduce the likelihood that they would descend into the farms and

destroy the crops in the search for water. The study identified most of the tanks were abounded

or neglected and due to that elephants and other animals are leaving the forestry areas for

water and food. Accordingly the increased elephant - human conflicts can be seen in the study

area.


Relation between Community Forest Management and Biodiversity Conservation

Smita Das, Nepal

Abstract

Community forest management regime is one of the most successful forest management

system in Nepal. There are around 18,133 community forest in Nepal managed by community

forest user groups. The success of community forestry is in forest and biodiversity

conservation, increasing forest products, improving ecological condition, rehabilitation of

degraded lands, disaster reduction, climate change adaptation and mitigation , improving rural

livelihoods and empowering marginalised and disadvantages group and insure good

governance on participatory management approach. In terms of biodiversity conservation,

community forestry has provided greenery in barren lands, tree species conservation for the

timber, fuelwood and fodder, reduction on soil erosion , water source conservation and

improvement of wildlife habitat. However, the community forest management practice has not

contributed practicaly in biodiversity conservation because only particular valuable tree

species are prioritize which gives high timber and fuelwood value in market. Additionally, It

allows the activities like leaf litter collection, removal of other tree species having a low market

value, less importance to minor forest products , o concern on birds and micro fauna

conservation, only focus on production based forest management system, elite groups

dominance in decision making process, unequitable benefit sharing and lack of opportunity of

applying indigeneous knowledge by forest dependent people on conservation practices. This

ongoing practices by community forestry management system in Nepal still lack the intensive

biodiversity conservation and ecosystem management. Therefore, for intensive biodiversity

conservation community forest should make forest management plan not only focusing on

monetory value but also on enhancing biodiversity with active participation of diverse people

of that community.

Dr. Emilia Nercissians

Abstract

The paper analyzes problems of forest and nature conservation, land use and resource

utilization, and water management in north Iran. It is conjectured that problems of

environmental degradation and ecosystem decline are related to questions of endangered

languages and subordinate ethnicities and cultures. The study goes beyond the investigating

the role of language and local culture in development planning and establishing that weak

development communication hinders internalization and endogenous reproducibility

development idea by target community through processes of negotiation and argumentation. It

is argued that the ecological conditions of the Caspian region is very fragile and careless use

of new technologies aimed at enhancing efficiencies seriously threatens this small region of

moderate climate amid wide stretches of arid and semi-arid land. Local Knowledge, embedded

and explicit in vernacular languages and cultures, and in aboriginal ideologies, modes of

participation, habits of resource utilization, and dominant narratives within the community, are

crucial for guaranteeing sustainability and environmental plausibility of development projects.

Examples from the author’s studies on rural development projects in north Iran are provided to

show the dangers posed even by the more progressive planning and donor organizations in

which emphasis is put on participatory and endogenous projects, if there is one-way

development communication and vernacular voices remain unheard.

Key words: endangered languages, conservation, sustainability, vernacular culture, Tat and Talesh



Dev Raj Gautam2

Abstract

The Forest Acts of Nepal 1993 provided legal basis for participatory forest management in

Nepal. As a result, about 18,000 Community Forest User Groups (CFUGs) are managing

more than one third of the total forest areas. Despite community efforts, some of the CFs are

depleting in size, quality and stock. The analysis report (Nepal RPP 2010) indicates that high

dependency on forest resource for cooking energy, fodder and timber, forest fire, unplanned

infrastructure, encroachment for settlement and agriculture as major drivers of deforestation

and forest degradation at the national level. The USAID funded Hariyo Ban Program did an

study for identifying site based drivers at different levels like critical river basin, sub-

watersheds and poverty pocket areas. In addition, the program also conducted analysis of

underlying causes of poverty and vulnerabilities (UCPVA) and community consultations to

identify and prioritize drivers using pair-wise ranking tool. For most of the sites, forest fire,

unplanned infrastructure development; over grazing, illegal harvesting of timber and fuel

wood, and encroachment were identified as major drivers. Poverty, unemployment and lack

of alternative livelihoods were identified as major underlying causes. Community based

measures and plans were prepared based on community consultation and reviewing their

forest operation plans (FOPs) and community adaptation plan of actions (CAPAs) to address

them. Alternative energy promotion, plantation of multipurpose tree species, promotion of stall

feeding practices and fire management were the major activities implemented by the

communities to address the site specific drivers. Similarly, livelihood improvement activities

like income generation through revolving fund mobilization and cooperatives are supported to

reduce the pressure of forest dependent people on CF. Based on our preliminary experiences,

the site specific measures are found to be useful in order to foster the sustainable landscape

and healthy ecosystem in the future.

Key words: Drivers, Deforestation, Forest Degradation, Underlying Causes, Poverty,

Community-based measures

2 Team Leader, Hariyo Ban Program, CARE Nepal.

Managing Biodiversity and Ecosystems for Human Well-being: Efforts, Achievements and Challenges in Nepal and the Asia-Pacific

Ambika P. Gautam, PhD Kathmandu Forestry College, Nepal

Abstract

Biodiversity and ecosystems play crucial roles in determining human well-being through

provision of various goods and ecosystem services. The roles are even more prominent in

countries like Nepal and the Asia-pacific region as a whole. Nepal harbors disproportionately

high level of biodiversity and ecosystems due mainly to tremendous geographic diversity,

dramatic changes in elevation along a relatively short north-south transect, and high variability

in the physiographic and climatic conditions. The government, together with its conservation

partners and local communities, has been making substantial efforts to conserve and

sustainably use the country’s biological resources over the last few decades. Over 36 times

increase in country's protected area in between 1973 and 2010 is an example of such efforts.

Some notable achievements have been made in conservation of forest, freshwater,and agro-

biodiversity during the last few decades. Revival of the number of flagship wildlife species

(such as rhino, tiger) is an example of the achievements. Despite these efforts and

achievements, several challenges and uncertainties remain. Abating the loss and degradation

of habitats; controlling invasion by invasive alien species, pollution of water bodies, and rapidly

increasing use of hybrid crop varieties and animal breeds; and managing human-wildlife

conflicts are some challenges. Improving institutional capacity and law enforcement, and inter-

agency coordination and cooperation are some other major challenges. The prolonged and

often turbulent political transition and associated social dynamics of the country have also

posed some serious challenges, risks and uncertainties in sustaining the past achievements

and achieving the intended outcomes. Enhancing the adaptive capabilities of ecosystems and

species to the impacts of climate change, which is largely unknown, is expected to be a major

challenge in future. While the situation in other countries and territories of the Asia-pacific

varies considerably across the region, especially between the developed and developing

countries, many of the challenges and issues in the region are similar to that in Nepal.

This paper critically analyses the efforts, achievements and challenges faced by Nepal in

improved management of biodiversity and ecosystems for human well-being and national

prosperity. The data and information were collected, as part of the development of National

Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan (2014-2020), through extensive review of relevant

literature, consultations with different agencies, independent experts and other stakeholders

at various levels, and direct field observations at a number of key biodiversity sites across


Nepal. The few example cases from some other countries in the Asia-pacific that are

presented in the paper are based on extensive review of relevant literature, which was carried

out as part of the author’s past assignments and current responsibility to contribute to the Asia-

pacific regional assessment report that is being prepared by the Intergovernmental Science

Policy Platform for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (IPBES). The findings are expected

to be useful in understanding the general situation of biodiversity and ecosystem management

in Nepal and the Asia-pacific region and formulating relevant policies in different countries.

Key words: Biodiversity, ecosystem services, human well-being, challenges, Nepal, Asia-

pacific region.

The Construction of Naturalness Assessment Index System of Mountainous National Parks in China

Zhang Deshun Yang Tao

Department of Landscape Study, Tongji University, China, 200092

Abstract

National park is the important carrier of forest conservation. With the review of the concept of naturalness and naturalness assessment research, the connotation of naturalness assessment of mountainous national parks in China is first time raised. On the basis of the fundamental research, the internal characteristics and external disturbances of park’s system, the naturalness assessment index system of mountainous national parks in China was built and the rating levels of indexes was also determined.

Moreover, C 1 method for determining the weight of attribute was applied to calculate the indexes’ weights. Then, the classification and implied meaning of levels of naturalness were given by AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) analysis. The levels of naturalness were divided into natural, relative natural, half-natural and artificial. Taking Nanshan Buddhism Cultural Tourism Zone as case study, all the landscape measures are introduced to balance the forest conservation and economy improvements.

Key word: National Park of China; Landscape Architecture; Naturalness; Assessment Index


Conservation Awareness on

Community Use Zone (CUZ) by Local Communities in the Upland Areas of Mount Kinabalu and Crocker Range Park, Sabah, Malaysia

Mojiol, A.R, Lintangah, W. J & Tapuong, M. J

Abstract

The Parks Enactment 1984 prohibits any human activities in the parks’ area as to conserve

the natural ecosystem, but in fact, there is the existence of some community living inside the

area and practicing cultivation. Community Use Zone (CUZ) is a management option in an

attempt to strike a balance between the conservation priorities of the park and the livelihoods

of the local communities who depend on the forest for survival. This study determined the

relationship between crops planted within the CUZ areas and evaluated its contributions to

the local communities’ livelihood. Furthermore, also determined the perception and

conservation awareness of local community. The data was collected by using face-to-face

interview with closed and open-ended structured questions. Information was also obtained

through field observations. Percentage, mean and range were used to summarize the results.

The major crops identified are permanent crops such as rubber trees and fruit trees. Cash

crops such as vegetables, cocoa and coffee trees were cultivated as sources of income by

farmers in Kg. Sayap, Kota Belud and Kg. Mongool Baru Ulu Senagang, Keningau/Tenom.

Rubber trees contributed the highest income followed by fruit trees such as durian, langsat,

rambutan, cocoa, and vegetables. The study showed that the perception of the local

communities of the villages on the issues that related with forest conservation. The CUZ area

is identified as a management tool for survival and livelihood of the local communities. It is

therefore highly recommended to be practiced with further research to be carried for the

management enhancement.

Key Words: Community Use Zone (CUZ), Community Livelihood, Conservation, Awareness,

Mount Kinabalu, Crocker Range Park

Integration of medicinal and aromatic plants in forestry to reduce emission of green house gases conserves forest and enhances sustainable income of

tribal people at Indo-Nepal border

RAKESH PANDEY Microbial Technology and Nematology Department

CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (Govt. of India), P.O. CIMAP, Lucknow-226015, INDIA

E-mail: [email protected], [email protected]

Abstract

Medicinal and aromatic plants (MAPs) cultivated in forests often require partial shade, moist

soils (high in organic matter), high relative humidity and mild temperatures. The cultivation of

MAPs can be undertaken in thinned forests and cleared forest patches, or as intercrops in

new forest plantations. MAPs and their products not only serve as valuable source of income

for small land holders farmers and entrepreneurs but also helps their integration in different

cropping system including forestry in tribal areas. This will not only in minimizing deforestation,

but also augments the farmer’s income. A large part of the tribal population living at border

areas of Indo-Nepal have been traditionally dependent on forest for their livelihood, shelter,

food, fuel, health and treatment of livestock ailments. Intervention of MAPs in tribal areas

enhances their income and reduces losses caused by wild animals on one hand and

decreases emission of greenhouse gases on the other. Since, a large number of MAPs is

cultivated under forest cover viz. Pogostemon patchouli (P. cablin), Andrographis paniculata

and Chlorophytum borivilianum, this can help in generating additional income, conserving the

forest and reducing emission of green house gases.

It is concluded from different greenhouse and field experimentations that these

different tactics always help to reduce the deforestation, greenhouse gases emission and

induce sustainable development of tribal people in the Indo-Nepal border areas. Such

integrated approach and technologies are the need of the hour and it may be a great gift to

tribal people.


Nepalese Socio-Culture Use of Plants and its Products: In Context to Newar

Community of Kathmandu Valley Nirmala Joshi

Department of Plant Resources, Kathmandu, Nepal E-mail: [email protected]

Abstract There is relation between people and plants since the human evolution. The Himalayan

country, Nepal is culturally rich and reflects cultural values of the people who celebrate

charming festivals showing their attachments to nature and plants. More than 125 ethnic

groups and indigenous people are scattered in different zones of Nepal. The socio-cultural

pattern and tradition of Nepalese are different in different ethnic groups and geographical

zones of Nepal. Respect for all cultures of different ethnic groups is inherent in Nepalese

tradition. Newar ethnic group is an original inhabitant of Kathmandu valley. Newar ethnic group

uses many plants species and its products for celebrating 14 well known traditional festivals

and social culture like from birth to death. More than 108 plants were identified for using in

socio-cultural value. The use of these species is part of the cultural heritage, playing an

important role in studying their scientific, aesthetic, cultural values as well as maintaining

customs and traditions. For example, in January certain Dioscorea species are very important

for celebrating the traditional religious festival of Maghe Sankranti, which starts on the first day

of the Nepali month of Magh (January). Similarly, Bail fruit tree (Aegle marmelos) have cultural

value and important for celebrating the traditional ritual "Ihee" in Newar around Kathmandu

valley. Socio-cultural in Nepalese life has developed to preserve diversity in nature so

conservation of culture heritage should become essential part of biodiversity conservation.

Key words: Festivals, Heritage, Religions and rituals, Sustainable utilization

Experience sharing in introducing tree crops for nutrition security, aid organic farming and reduce drudgery of farm women under Paramparagat Krishi Vikas

Yojna in Tarai region of India

Ram C Chaudhary Chairman and Project Manager

Participatory Rural Development Foundation, Gorakhpur (U. P.) 273014, INDIA [email protected]

Abstract

Traditional farming (Paramparagat Krishi Vikas Yojna) is being re-emphasised as a means of

producing organic food, assure social justice, generate more income and protect environment

while assuring nutrition security. To address these issues, PRDF implemented a project in

Tarai belt of India adjoining Nepal border. As per the baseline survey conducted in the project

area revealed that more than 60% children are malnourished and 52% children have below

critical level of Vitamin A. The nutritional survey also revealed that 54% women do not take

breakfast, just the lunch and dinner, without any fruits (48%) as not much grow on the farm,

and over 40% are anaemic. Thus a number of plant species including nutritionally rich

Moringa oleifera, Leucaena leucocephala, Ipomoea batata, Carica papaya, leafy vegetables,

Azadirecta indica and Sesbania rostrata to aid organic farming, were introduced on-farm to

address these issues. Moringa oleifera (drumstick tree) and Ipomoea batata (special Orange-

fleshed Sweet Potato) have nutritious leafy-greens, flower buds, mineral-rich green fruit pods,

and tubers, which are rich in Vitamin A and C, and minerals such as Fe, Ca, Zn, Mn etc. Each

of the 1,000 families in the project were given 2 saplings each of drumstick tree, papaya, other

fruit trees, tubers and enough seeds to support organic farming and assure nutrition security.

Neem products were popularized for crop protection under organic farming. Poly-houses, Net-

houses and Low-tunnel poly-houses for growing offseason vegetables, which fetch 5 times

higher price, were created. Shade-net facility was created for the community to multiply fruit-

trees, produce flower seedlings etc efficiently for income generation. Their savings are

deposited in the bank account of the Self Help Groups. Girl students in the colleges and house

wives were trained to produce nutritious food using the introduced crop varieties and local

ingredients. Entrepreneurship development for some local nutritious products is being

targeted. Drudgery reducing equipments and smokeless wood-stoves for farm and home-use have been provided. Women are happy with these equipments, which reduced drudgery and made their lives happier. Now they enjoy work with increased efficiency and have spared time for relaxation. Within 2 years of the project activity, impact of these activities could be realized on the nutrition and income levels of women. Data on changes in the life of the community and lessons learnt will be presented. May be this model is worthy of multiplication among other marginalised agrarian communities of the world?



Aurea Marie Sandoval & Alma Bolante

Benguet State University, Philippines

ABSTRACT

There has been in more recent times, an awakening towards the use of drugs and their

preparation in a kind of “back-to-nature” movement, instead of the classical synthetic

compounds manufactured in advanced countries. The Philippines, being a tropical

archipelago with a rich biodiversity profile, can provide an abundant supply of biological

materials that can be screened for medicinal activities. More than a hundred plant species

have been described in terms of their ethno-botanical and ethno-pharmaceutical potentials.

While the use of synthetics is of undoubted value, it is believed that the use of herbal medicines

of properly-tested efficacy would be of great advantage in a developing country like the

Philippines which is still blessed with bountiful plant resources. This includes the use of

medicinal plants, especially in the rural areas where pharmaceuticals are not either readily

available or are too expensive.

A study was conducted to determine the presence of plant secondary metabolites

which exhibit biological activity in the ethanolic leaf extract of Gynura procumbens, locally

known as the “longevity spinach”. It also evaluated the antioxidant property in vitro and its

anti-inflammatory property in vivo, using the fresh and healthy leaves of Gynura procumbens

randomly picked from propagated plants in Abra, Vigan City, Bantay, and Magsingal in Ilocos

Sur, Philippines.

Result of phytochemical screening for plant secondary metabolites revealed the

presence of alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids, and steroids, while no traces of anthraquinones,

saponins, and cyanogenic glycosides were found. The antioxidant property testing revealed

an antioxidant property of the Gynura procumbens ethanolic leaf extract. Further, the results

showed that their antioxidant property is dose or concentration dependent. In the anti-

inflammatory test on female Sprague-Dawley rats employing the Carrageenan-induced

Method, the Gynura procumbens ethanolic leaf extract showed a negative percent inhibition

against the formation of edema in the test animals. Propagation of the Gynura procumbens

plant is recommended as it shows promise as an antioxidizing agent.

Medicinal plants of which the longevity spinach is one, constitute an important natural

wealth of a country. They play a significant role in providing primary health care services to

rural people. They serve as therapeutic agents as well as important raw materials for the

manufacture of traditional and modern medicine. Substantial amount of foreign exchange can

be earned by exporting medicinal plants to other countries. In this way indigenous medicinal

plants play significant role to the economy of a country. However, in the case of the longevity

spinach, while this has opened its medicinal potentials with its antioxidanrt property when in

higher concentration or dosage as shown from the research results, this largely points out for

the need to conserve this valuable plant resource.


Policy coherence and interplay between forest, biodiversity and climate change policies for climate change adaptation in Nepal.

Sunita Ranabhat

Abstract

It is widely acknowledged that climate change is happening and affecting whole ecosystem,

in particular to the natural resources and rural communities who depend on natural resources

for the livelihood. Despite the low contribution to global warming, developing countries like

Nepal are hit hardest by the climate change. Actions to reduce the impact of climate change

are crucial, so adaptation has become the core elements for climate policy and research.

Climate change adaptation is not a policy area of its own, and should not be treated as such.

Although we do need adaptation policies, they should focus on coordinating other policies with

respect to adaptation needs. Successful adaptation to climate change will depend on policy

integration in other sectoral policies. To deal with climate change issues, Nepal has

accomplished various climate change initiatives in the recent years and has also considered

climate change adaptation as a national agenda. Various line ministries and departments have

included climate change issues (both mitigation and adaptation) in their recent policies and

programs. Furthermore, though policy discussion prioritizes to integrate climate change

adaptation to sectoral policies, it is vitally important to scrutinize consistency between climate

policies and sectoral policies to find ways for effective implementation of climate change

adaptation activities. In the context of climate change agenda integrated into sectoral policies,

the primary aim of this presentation is to explore coherence among forest, biodiversity and

climate change policies on climate change adaptation at national level in Nepal.


Man Quang Huy

Faculty of Geography, Vietnam National University, Hanoi

Email: [email protected]

Abstract

The mountainous region of Vietnam has many different land types; hills, mountains and other types of highland formations, which occupy about 24.4 millions ha (74%) of the total area of the country. The mountainous region is also the home of 24 millions people consisting of many different ethnic groups, and almost all are ethnic minorities. Forest is a precious resource and has an important role in protecting the environment to support the development of the economy and to ensure national security.

In recent years, forest cover has increased significantly but the quality of forest is still very poor, swidden cultivation and population pressure are the main reasons that is put on the natural resource base, making it poorer. To solve these problems, from 1988 the Vietnam Government has handed over authority to local governments to implement some development policies on Agriculture, Forestry such as forest land allocation policy, and land tenure rights have been handed over to local farmers in this limited period, in the 327 program and 5 millions ha reforestation program. The objective of these programs is to protect natural resources, to ensure the development of the economy and improve the standard of living in the mountain region. However the expected results have not been obtained; the quality of the forest is still decreasing, the environment has not improved yet, people are still poor, and many new contradictions appear. Some research on forest development policy of the Government, the impacts of policy on forest resources, the indigenous knowledge in resource management of communities, and different ethnic groups has been done. Nevertheless the research was based only on statistical data, and it did not show us the change on the map. Research on the effect of land allocation policy on land cover change doesn’t have synchronous, effective and specific method.

The research was applied the technology to assess, manage forest resources, and simultaneously to understand more clearly about the natural resource management issues, especially forest resources, the land cover change and the life of the farmers. The research have been used mainly satellite images and GIS combining with ground truth points - GTPs to investigate the land cover change and natural resource management issues at different periods. This research does not aim to analyze the policy or assess the success of land allocation policy and other developing polices of the Vietnamese Government. Instead of that, this research focuses on finding the land cover change, the reality of natural resource management, social economic issues and the life of the farmers in the mountainous area.


Policy coherence and interplay between forest, biodiversity and climate change policies for climate change adaptation in Nepal.

Sunita Ranabhat

Abstract

It is widely acknowledged that climate change is happening and affecting whole ecosystem,

in particular to the natural resources and rural communities who depend on natural resources

for the livelihood. Despite the low contribution to global warming, developing countries like

Nepal are hit hardest by the climate change. Actions to reduce the impact of climate change

are crucial, so adaptation has become the core elements for climate policy and research.

Climate change adaptation is not a policy area of its own, and should not be treated as such.

Although we do need adaptation policies, they should focus on coordinating other policies with

respect to adaptation needs. Successful adaptation to climate change will depend on policy

integration in other sectoral policies. To deal with climate change issues, Nepal has

accomplished various climate change initiatives in the recent years and has also considered

climate change adaptation as a national agenda. Various line ministries and departments have

included climate change issues (both mitigation and adaptation) in their recent policies and

programs. Furthermore, though policy discussion prioritizes to integrate climate change

adaptation to sectoral policies, it is vitally important to scrutinize consistency between climate

policies and sectoral policies to find ways for effective implementation of climate change

adaptation activities. In the context of climate change agenda integrated into sectoral policies,

the primary aim of this presentation is to explore coherence among forest, biodiversity and

climate change policies on climate change adaptation at national level in Nepal.


Man Quang Huy

Faculty of Geography, Vietnam National University, Hanoi


Abstract

The mountainous region of Vietnam has many different land types; hills, mountains and other types of highland formations, which occupy about 24.4 millions ha (74%) of the total area of the country. The mountainous region is also the home of 24 millions people consisting of many different ethnic groups, and almost all are ethnic minorities. Forest is a precious resource and has an important role in protecting the environment to support the development of the economy and to ensure national security.

In recent years, forest cover has increased significantly but the quality of forest is still very poor, swidden cultivation and population pressure are the main reasons that is put on the natural resource base, making it poorer. To solve these problems, from 1988 the Vietnam Government has handed over authority to local governments to implement some development policies on Agriculture, Forestry such as forest land allocation policy, and land tenure rights have been handed over to local farmers in this limited period, in the 327 program and 5 millions ha reforestation program. The objective of these programs is to protect natural resources, to ensure the development of the economy and improve the standard of living in the mountain region. However the expected results have not been obtained; the quality of the forest is still decreasing, the environment has not improved yet, people are still poor, and many new contradictions appear. Some research on forest development policy of the Government, the impacts of policy on forest resources, the indigenous knowledge in resource management of communities, and different ethnic groups has been done. Nevertheless the research was based only on statistical data, and it did not show us the change on the map. Research on the effect of land allocation policy on land cover change doesn’t have synchronous, effective and specific method.

The research was applied the technology to assess, manage forest resources, and simultaneously to understand more clearly about the natural resource management issues, especially forest resources, the land cover change and the life of the farmers. The research have been used mainly satellite images and GIS combining with ground truth points - GTPs to investigate the land cover change and natural resource management issues at different periods. This research does not aim to analyze the policy or assess the success of land allocation policy and other developing polices of the Vietnamese Government. Instead of that, this research focuses on finding the land cover change, the reality of natural resource management, social economic issues and the life of the farmers in the mountainous area.



Nguyen The Chien – Senior Natural Resources/REDD+ Advisor The Netherland Development Organisation, SNV

3th floor, Building D, La Thanh Hotel, 218 Doi Can Street, Ba Dinh District, Hanoi, Viet Nam; Tel.: + 84 43 8463791; Fax: +84 43 8463794; E-mail:

[email protected]

Abstract

Vietnam’s forest cover declined from 43% to 27% between 1943 and 1990. Since then, Viet

Nam has made considerable efforts to increase its overall forest cover, which now stands at

13.39 million ha or 39.7% of its total area. The increase has been mainly due to new

plantations, which account for 2.92 million ha. Despite this increase, the quality of natural

forests continues to decrease, suffering from fragmentation and degradation. Over two-thirds

of Viet Nam’s natural forests are considered poor or regenerating, while rich and closed-

canopy forests constitute only 4.6% of the total forest area. The area of natural forest classified

as rich decreased by 10.2% between 1999 and 2005, and the amount of medium quality forest

declined by 13.4%.

With the support of the Federal Ministry of Environment, Natural Conservation, Building and

Safety Nuclear (BMUB), the Netherlands Development Organisation (SNV) is implementing a

Forestry/REDD+ project entitled “Advancing Understanding of natural Forest Carbon Stock

Enhancement as part of REDD+” for a period of 3 years, 2015 – 2018. This project aims to

advance understanding of natural forest carbon stock enhancement through exploring the

technical and economic feasibility of ecological evergreen forest restoration as part of any

REDD+ agreement in Vietnam.

This project will pioneer the underdeveloped role that carbon stock enhancement on degraded

forest lands will have in the future development of REDD+. Minimal focus has been given to

this and there is a great potential to explore the large environmental and livelihood benefits

from taking advantage of opportunities to enrich degraded forest. The Project will produce

handbooks that provide detailed guidance in the provinces where the field testing restoration

works. It is therefore possible to envision a different strategy that would raise awareness and

reach agreement on broad objectives in terms of restoring a diverse and resilient natural

degraded forest at all levels and encourage experimentation at site level in terms of ecological

forest restoration. The techniques outline is only a basic guide and should be tailored to each

unique situation and site condition where evergreen forest restoration will be attempted by

local communities. It will test innovative approaches: (i) decision making frameworks to help

assess the viability of introducing natural forest carbon enhancement projects; and (ii)

valuation techniques such as choice modelling and/or bidding systems to value ecological

services of natural forest in Vietnam.

Keywords: REDD+, Forest Carbon Stock enhancement, Ecological Forest restoration, Silvicultural treatments.


Birding tourism in Kaziranga National Park, Assam, India – ecotourism contributing to conservation

*Dr. Kamini Barua & **Bhaskar J. Baruah

*Georg-August University of Göttingen, Germany

E-Mail: [email protected]

** Agoratoli Ecotourism Initiative, Kaziranga National Park, Assam, India

Kaziranga National Park sprawled across an area of nearly 430 sq. kms. is a world heritage

site (UNESCO 1985) and one of the landmark ecotourism hotspots’ in Northeast India. This

national park is located in the riverine floodplain of the river Brahmaputra in Assam, and has

a mixed assemblage of habitats ranging from grasslands, woodlands, mixed deciduous and

tropical wet evergreen to semi-evergreen forests and wetlands. The savanna grasslands

along with the wetlands form a significant part of the park’s biome and are the habitats to a

diverse variety of wildlife ranging from mammals to amphibians, reptiles, fishes and birds. This

national park is renowned for the world’s largest population of Indian one-horned rhinoceros

(Rhinoceros unicornis), apart from the Asiatic wild buffalo (Bubalus bubalis), Asiatic elephant

(Elephas maximus), Tiger (Panthera tigris) and the eastern race of the swamp deer (Cervus

duvauceli ranjitsinghi). Kaziranga National Park is also famous as a birding paradise, and has

been recognized as an Important Bird Area (IBA) by Birdlife International (2004) with a

recorded checklist of nearly 500 species of birds. The unique location of this park at the

junction of the Australasian and Indo-Asian flyway makes it an important migrating, breeding

and nesting site for a rich diversity of avian fauna. Through promotion of birding tourism and

wildlife photography, the ‘Agoratoli Ecotourism Initiative’ aims to create awareness for wildlife

and nature conservation amongst both tourists and the local communities. Our camp aims to

particularly encourage community-based participation in responsible tourism through training

and self-employment opportunities, especially for the local youth. This is further supplemented

by the proactive participation of the governmental organizations and local NGOs. Training of

the local youth on birding with respect to spotting, identification, and knowledge on habitat and

protection of the locally resident birds has been one of the major initiatives of our camp.

Activities like providing updated checklist of recorded bird species from specific birding points,

providing information on birding itineraries and organization of birding photo exhibitions

targeting both tourists and the local people has been some of the major activities of the camp.

The strategic location of this camp within the ‘Agoratoli range’ of the national park suitably

complements to this camp being able to provide one of the most interesting birding trails, due

to the presence of one of the largest water bodies (locally called Sohola Beel) where hundreds

of migratory birds flock at the onset of winter. Promotion of birding festivals, designing

specified birding trails and hotspots, as well as highlighting some of the endemic and

endangered species are some of the future initiatives that aims to target both birding

enthusiasts and ornithological experts. All of the above mentioned initiatives are aimed at

spreading conservation awareness in general and promoting a sustainable local culture

through appreciation for the environment.


Birding tourism in Kaziranga National Park, Assam, India – ecotourism contributing to conservation

*Dr. Kamini Barua & **Bhaskar J. Baruah

*Georg-August University of Göttingen, Germany


** Agoratoli Ecotourism Initiative, Kaziranga National Park, Assam, India

Kaziranga National Park sprawled across an area of nearly 430 sq. kms. is a world heritage

site (UNESCO 1985) and one of the landmark ecotourism hotspots’ in Northeast India. This

national park is located in the riverine floodplain of the river Brahmaputra in Assam, and has

a mixed assemblage of habitats ranging from grasslands, woodlands, mixed deciduous and

tropical wet evergreen to semi-evergreen forests and wetlands. The savanna grasslands

along with the wetlands form a significant part of the park’s biome and are the habitats to a

diverse variety of wildlife ranging from mammals to amphibians, reptiles, fishes and birds. This

national park is renowned for the world’s largest population of Indian one-horned rhinoceros

(Rhinoceros unicornis), apart from the Asiatic wild buffalo (Bubalus bubalis), Asiatic elephant

(Elephas maximus), Tiger (Panthera tigris) and the eastern race of the swamp deer (Cervus

duvauceli ranjitsinghi). Kaziranga National Park is also famous as a birding paradise, and has

been recognized as an Important Bird Area (IBA) by Birdlife International (2004) with a

recorded checklist of nearly 500 species of birds. The unique location of this park at the

junction of the Australasian and Indo-Asian flyway makes it an important migrating, breeding

and nesting site for a rich diversity of avian fauna. Through promotion of birding tourism and

wildlife photography, the ‘Agoratoli Ecotourism Initiative’ aims to create awareness for wildlife

and nature conservation amongst both tourists and the local communities. Our camp aims to

particularly encourage community-based participation in responsible tourism through training

and self-employment opportunities, especially for the local youth. This is further supplemented

by the proactive participation of the governmental organizations and local NGOs. Training of

the local youth on birding with respect to spotting, identification, and knowledge on habitat and

protection of the locally resident birds has been one of the major initiatives of our camp.

Activities like providing updated checklist of recorded bird species from specific birding points,

providing information on birding itineraries and organization of birding photo exhibitions

targeting both tourists and the local people has been some of the major activities of the camp.

The strategic location of this camp within the ‘Agoratoli range’ of the national park suitably

complements to this camp being able to provide one of the most interesting birding trails, due

to the presence of one of the largest water bodies (locally called Sohola Beel) where hundreds

of migratory birds flock at the onset of winter. Promotion of birding festivals, designing

specified birding trails and hotspots, as well as highlighting some of the endemic and

endangered species are some of the future initiatives that aims to target both birding

enthusiasts and ornithological experts. All of the above mentioned initiatives are aimed at

spreading conservation awareness in general and promoting a sustainable local culture

through appreciation for the environment.


Restoring Lake Toba Ecosystem

Erika Pardede Dept. of Agricultural Products Technology – Univ. of HKBP-Nommensen - Indonesia

[email protected]

Abstract Toba Land is located in North Sumatera – Indonesia. Its area is devided into seven districts,

where Lake Toba situated on its center. Lake Toba is the Indonesia’s largest volcano lake

which catchment area covers about 3,658 km2 embracing parts of Toba Land. The unique

eco-region is attributed to the size, and natural beauty of the landscape where an island

named Samosir is located in the middle of the lake, as well as to the culture of most of the

people who live around that ethnically belongs to Bataks. The Lake Toba ecosystem basin has ecology, socio-cultural and economic values for

inhabitant of Toba Land and is inseparable ecologically from the surrounding ecosystem

areas. Unfortunately, Lake Toba ecosystem is now disturbed and is dealing with high level of

degradation and in need of special attention. This paper spelt out some of recent situation related to its ecological conditions. In several

coastal areas, water plant (hyacinth) has spreaded and started to cover the lake surfaces.

This is an indication of the change in water quality and the water has been polluted by heavy

pollutant. Intensive agricultural practice and cultivation of fish in floating cage aquaculture in

lakes from by which chemical used in the agricultural practices and the waste of pellet (a kind

of fish food) flow into the water. Human activities caused habitat destruction and widespread deforestation leave shattered

area appears on the slope and land around the lake. More to this was the change of land use

for development linked to industrial and settlement purposes. The drought as phenomenon of

globally climate changes was also worsened the situation. Change of ecosystem of Toba region especially in past two decades resulting by numerous

variables, varies from population growth to development purposes. The Lake Toba catchment

area faces an environmental crisis characterized by widespread deforestation, drought,

decline of the water level, water quality degradation, invasive species and loss of biological

diversity. Lack of comittment of the authorities, though they have made little efforts to nature

conservation, much work will remain to be done to strengthening ecosystem conservation in

Lake Toba and its surrounding and for preventing from further degradation.

Key words: Lake Toba, ecosystem, biodiversity

REVIEW OF WILDLIFE HUMAN CONFLICT IN KATHMANDU VALLEY

Utsab Thapa

Abstract

Human-Wildlife Conflict (HWC) is fast becoming a serious threat to the survival of many

endangered species in the world including Nepal. This report provides an insight into the HWC

issue in Kathmandu, based on field surveys and secondary data collection. It highlights

common problems and solutions related to the conflict resolution. It also shows that accurate

and detailed information, scientific research and stakeholder commitment are key to the

development of appropriate and sustainable strategies for both resolving the problem and

conserving different ecosystems and their wildlife inhabitants. The study reveals that HWC in Kathmandu is common to all areas where wildlife and human

population coexist and share limited resources. Dense human populations in close vicinity to

national parks seem to pose the greatest challenges in Kathmandu. Similarly, conflicts are

more intense where livestock holdings and agriculture are an important part of urban and sub-

urban livelihoods. The study provides insights into some of the wildlife-human conflict events

occurred in Kathmandu and suggests resolving measures. The study provides practical recommendations to better design future HWC interventions and

improve the existing techniques. To make wildlife conservation efforts more effective,

conservation should be based on both sound scientific knowledge and indigenous practical

knowledge with effective collaboration among them. Integrated wildlife conservation and

community development promoted both by the park managers and local population would be

the ideal scenario. Community-based conservation on one hand would give the local residents

the right to utilize the natural resources in a sustainable way while on the other hand would

promote the local tolerance towards wildlife, developing a responsible interaction with their

natural environment. In conclusion, presence of wildlife populations around the settlement areas can develop

negative attitudes towards national parks and wildlife, increasing the conflict and undermining

conservation efforts. In order to overcome this scenario there is a need to protect rural

livelihood, reduce their vulnerability and counterbalance losses with appropriate relief

mechanisms. There is a considerable tangible loss to both local people and wildlife, different

stakeholders involved should commit themselves to tackle and resolve such conflicts in the

future.

Keywords: Wildlife, conflict, collaboration, community, conservation, stakeholders.


Grassroots capacity development in REDD+: Learning from the Ground Bishnu Hari Poudyal

Country Programme Coordinator RECOFTC Nepal

Abstract

Meaningful engagement and effective participation of grassroots actors in local and national

level policy processes for forest management have implications in the future global climate

regime and poverty reduction. For this, institutional and technical capacity of grassroots actors

is critical in ensuring effective and successful implementation of Reducing Emissions from

Deforestation and Forest Degradation including Conservation and Sustainable Management

of Forests and Enhancement of Forest Carbon Stocks (REDD+). Capacity building for

grassroots actors is particularly crucial as REDD+ has to be implemented in a complex local

environment shaped by multiple land use systems, sharply divided politics, conflicting policies,

different levels of forest dependencies, complex social relations, unclear governance and

tenure structures, and differential climate impacts.

It has been learned from the grassroots capacity building program that there is no “one size

fits all” formula for capacity building and therefore a multi-pronged and multi-scale capacity

strengthening strategy that draws on the strengths of various learning methods and addresses

the unique needs of targeted actors would be effective. It should always be target-driven,

addressing the specific needs and conditions of actors and reflecting their sustainable

development strategies, priorities and initiatives. The key learning is that capacity

development efforts need to be process oriented with regular refresher and back up support

to the target group rather not following training only as one off event. There is a need to re-

orient and strengthen the capacity of key champions of REDD+ in Nepal so that they can

better analyze and understand their own carbon forestry conditions and develop strategies to

get more benefits from REDD+ scheme.

Key word: REDD+, Capacity development, Stakeholders, Institutions, Community Forestry

R-Package Assessment of Nepal's REDD+ Preparedness

Rajendra K.C.3, Brian Peniston, Mohan Gurung, Basanta Gautam, Rajesh Rai and Kiran Timilsina Abstract

The Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Degradation (REDD+) mechanism is

expected to generate enormous economic, social and environmental benefits. A very rough

estimate indicated that Nepal is able to draw USD 20-86 million per year after full-fledged

REDD+ implementation. Besides, it generates various non-carbon benefits such as

biodiversity conservation, management of essential ecosystem services, and promotes

livelihoods and human rights of forest dependent, marginalized and indigenous communities.

Nepal has been engaged in REDD+ process since 2008 and implemented various activities

to prepare the country for the full fledged implementation of the REDD+. The Ministry of Forest

and Soil Conservation, as the focal Ministry for REDD+ implementation has kept the REDD+

as one of the most prioritized programme and established REDD Implementation Center

(formerly as REDD-Cell) to facilitate the overall REDD+ programme in Nepal.

Nepal has been regularly supported by the World Bank through its Forest Carbon Partnership

Facility (FCPF) and United Nation REDD Programme from early period of REDD+

implementation. Various preparatory works have been done by the government, non-

government organization and civil societies either from their own resources or from external

supports. Various legal initiations, policy formulation, institutional set ups, relevant studies and

capacity development activities have been already made.

The country is asked to do self-assessment by involving all major REDD+ stakeholders based

on the R-Package Assessment Framework developed by the FCPF before full-fledged

implementation of the REDD+. Nepal has completed the participatory R-Package assessment

in 2015 on REDD+ Readiness preparedness based on the 34 criteria suggested by the FCPF.

The visual syntheses of overall achievement by all 34 criteria were made into four different

traffic color as Green indicating "Significant progress", Yellow: "progressing well; but further

development required", Orange: "further development required" and RED: "not yet

demonstrating progress".

The REDD+ preparedness of the country was assessed by organizing 10 district level and 5

regional level workshops covering all geographical regions of the country. Three focus group

discussions were held in Kathmandu by involving major stakeholders of the REDD+ and

3 Presently Under Secretary at Ministry of Forests and Soil Conservation, Nepal


forestry programme. In addition, a large number of REDD+ related documents, government

policies and legal documents were thoroughly reviewed. The overall assessment of the

REDD+ was shared to the major forestry stakeholders and validated the findings and

inferences of the study team.

The assessment concluded that Nepal has achieved Green status (i.e. significant progress)

for 26 of the 34 assessment criteria and yellow status (for 8 criteria). None of the criteria

assessed as the orange and red colored.

Key words: REDD+, R-Package Assessment, FCPF, World Bank, Nepal

WORK PROFILES

Arranged as per the program Schedule

Prof. Dr. Renate Bürger-Arndt

Nature Conservation & Landscape Management

Faculty of Forest Sciences and Forest Ecology

Georg-August-University Göttingen

Büsgenweg 3 / D-37077 Göttingen

Tel: +49 (0)551 39-33412 (office), -4486(direct)

Fax: +49 (0)551 39-33415

E-mail: [email protected]

naturschutz.uni-goettingen.de

Renate Bürger-Arndt holds the degrees of a Master of Science and a Doctor of Natural Sciences (Dr. rer. nat.) from the Faculty of Biology and the degree of a Dr. rer. nat. habil in Phytosociology and Nature Conservation from the Faculty of Forestry, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Germany.

She has now more than 35 years of professional experience in research, lecturing and consulting: As a research assistant at the Institute for Biology II (Phytosociology) and postdoc at the Institute for Landscape Ecology, Nature Conservation and Global Forest Management, University of Freiburg, where she was also interim head of the institute in 1986/1987; as a "Short time Expert" for the German Association for Technical Cooperation (Gesellschaft für technische Zusammenarbeit- GTZ) in Paraguay (1989) and Sabah (2010) as well as in the field of Independent Environmental Consulting Services. Since 1995, she is University Professor for Nature Conservation and Landscape Management at the Faculty of Forestry and Forest Ecology / University of Göttingen.

Her main research fields are: forest ecosystem services & nature conservation, recreation and nature tourism in forests; landscape planning and management, landscape perception and aesthetics, habitat and landscape assessment, landuse and vegetation changes.


Dr. Jolanta Slowik

Georg-August-University Goettingen

Faculty of Biology and Psychology, Institute of Zoology and Anthropology, Department of Conservation Biology 37073 Goettingen Bürgerstr. 50 Phone:+491704617020 [email protected]

Dr. Jolanta Slowik since 1995 lecturer at the Centre for Nature Conservation (at present: Department of Conservation Biology) at the University of Goettingen.

Her research and teaching focused on nature conservation in developing tropical countries and in Mongolia

Main topics of interest are: Conservation strategies, biological monitoring with local people Cultural aspects of nature conservation: Natural Sacred Sites Evaluation of biodiversity and indicators of biodiversity She is the co-author of book about “Cultural landscape in Central Europe as a habitat” 1997, UTB für Wissenschaft and “Biological diversity and nature conservation: theory and practice 2012 KMK Scientific Press Ltd. Moscow. She has participated in West Africa (Ivory Coast) in the projects of forest rehabilitation and biomonitoring with local people and for many years (1996-2008) was active in the project „Dynamic, protection and sustainable use of step forest in the Northern part of Mongolia. She was the organizer and participant of many DAAD programs around the world.

Martin Kappas

Prof. Dr. Martin Kappas is Professor for Physical Geography and holds the Chair of Cartography, Geographic Information Systems (GIS), and Remote Sensing (RS) at the Institute of Geography, Goettingen University. His research interest is the use of RS / GIS and in situ data to study landscape dynamics, including land cover / land use change (LULCC) for the future development and evaluation of ecosystem services under changing societal development. Another long-term research focus is the investigation of climate and human Impact on vegetation in Central Asia where he developed methods for the acquisition of Biophysical variables (LAI, fPAR etc.) to model NPP, GPP, NEP, and ecosystem services.


Krister Andersson (Professor) Department of Political Science University of Colorado Boulder Campus Box 333 Boulder, CO 80309-0333 Office: Ketchum 115

Phone: (303) 492-7871 Fax: (303) 492-0978 Email: [email protected] Website: http://www.colorado.edu/ibs/cgnr/andersson/

KRISTER ANDERSSON (Ph.D., Indiana University, 2002) joined the faculty in 2005. His current research focuses on the politics of environmental governance in developing countries. Andersson's research has appeared in numerous journals and he is the author of three books. The first, The Samaritans' Dilemma (Oxford University Press, 2005) examines the institutional incentive structures of development aid and is co-authored with Clark Gibson, Elinor Ostrom and Sujai Shivakumar. His second book features his dissertation work in Bolivia, published in Spanish by Plural Editores (2005) in Bolivia ( ¿Cómo Hacer Funcionar La Gestión Forestal Descentralizada?). His most recent book, Local Governments and Rural Development (University of Arizona Press, 2009), which is co-authored with Gustavo Gordillo and Frank van Laerhoven, compares the institutional conditions for public service performance in 390 local governments in the rural areas of Brazil, Chile, Mexico and Peru.

Dhirendra Bhargava, IFS

Chief Conservator of Forests

Madhya Pradesh Forest Department

Balaghat (MP) 481001, INDIA


Work Profile :

Responsible for management of forest on sustainable basis To coordinate between government and department for implementation of various

schemes. Supervise work of divisional forest officers. Allocation of funds to implementing agencies and collection of revenues. Human

resource development and management.


Smita Das is Government forest officer from Nepal. She completed her master degree from Georg-August-University Goettingen, Germany in 2014 under DAAD scholarship.She also worked as watershed expert in President Chure Terai Madesh Conservation Development Board under Government of Nepal. She has numerous experience in CARE Nepal and other organization in Nepal. She also has done research and published in few Journal.

Emilia Nercissians Was born and raised in an Iranian Armenian family. Received her B.A. in the field of Comparative History of Culture; MSc in Sociology and Anthropology, and Med and PhD in Education. She has lectured in several universities and colleges and has been serving as full time, Associate professor at the Department of Anthropology, University of Tehran since 1998. Her main research interests are in sociolinguistics, bilingualism, cultural issues, impact of IT, gender issues, semiotics and education. She is the author of several books on Bilingualism, Gender Anthropology, Semiotics and education of Minorities from historical perspective; as well as many papers published in Iranian and international journals and presented in various local and international conferences. She has been the recipient of several research grants, chaired several international conferences, helped set up new courses and programs as well as new scientific societies and institutions, and served on administrative posts at the University of Tehran.


Dr. Ambika P. Gautam (Professor)

Dr. Ambika P. Gautam is a professor and the Principal of Kathmandu Forestry College, Nepal. He obtained his PhD in Natural Resources Management (NRM) from the Asian Institute of Technology (AIT), Thailand. He has around 30 years of experience in developing, managing, and implementing NRM programs and teaching NRM and Forestry subjects in reputed universities in Nepal and south-east Asia. Prior to joining Kathmandu Forestry College, he worked for the International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development as its Program Manager and Country Representative for Afghanistan, and served as a faculty member in AIT. He led the team of experts in the development of Nepal’s National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan 2014-2020, and is currently serving as a Lead Author for the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (IPBES) in the Regional Assessment of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (Asia-pacific region). His research findings have been published in several international journals and conference proceedings. He has also been serving as a peer reviewer for over 20 international scientific journals published by reputed international publishers, including Elsevier, Springer, and Taylor & Francis.


Zhang Deshun had been the assistant director of Jinan Botanical Garden, China and vice director of Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden, China. He devoted himself to the research for natural resources conservation and to use all possible knowledge to improve the reforestation in degraded ecosystem for all master planning projects in China. He participated in more than 20 research projects, published 170 papers, and planned 20 national parks and tourism areas. He was also invited to evaluate the world heritage candidates for IUCN and UNESCO every year.


Dr. RAKESH PANDEY Principal Scientist CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (Govt. of India) P.O. CIMAP, Lucknow – 226015, INDIA E-mails: [email protected]; [email protected]

Major Research &Development Achievements

Translating the R & D work into effective crop protection in soil ecosystem and maintenance of plant and of microbial diversity for sustainable agriculture have been my major area of interest over the years. Some of the most important attainments are as follows-

On rural development front as a nodal Scientist of Bio-village programme has been launched in the state of Uttar Pradesh, India in 2011. Successful scientific intervention in this programme has significantly improved the plant biomass, soil health, income generation and improves quality of life of farmers besides development of agri-entrepreneurship. This technology was adopted by over 2000 farmers

Established microbial mediated consortium (Trichoderma harzianum strain Thu; Bacillus megaterium JQ585719 and Glomus intraradices) sustained growth / yield of agri crops and significantly reduced pests and diseases offering significant curtailments of chemical fertilizers.

Developed a complete recycling package for managing distillation and agro waste of MAPs for the production of superior quality vermicomposts. Few microbes having higher cellulolytic, exo-endo glucosidase, β-glucosidase activities have also been included to reduce the decomposing period and this was also helpful in reducing incidence of disease problems in agri crops. Quality vermicompost for the first time introduced as a carrier of various bioinoculants in field which has better shelf life, micronutrients and water holding capacity. Introduced a novel aspect of heavy metal bioremediation particularly Cr. (VI) with the plant growth promoting microbes, serving a dual purpose of plant growth promotion at metal contaminated soil.

WORK PROFILE- NIRMALA JOSHI PRADHAN, Ph.D.

Dr. Nirmala Joshi Pradhan is chief of the Management and Extension Section Department of Plant Resources, Kathmandu, NEPAL. She did her Ph.D. from Tribhuvan University Nepal. She got DAAD Fellowship from April 1994 to December 1996 for M.Sc. Her field of expertise are Biodiversity (Ethnobotany, Plant Taxonomy), Plant Conservation, Post harvest technology of medicinal plants, Production of medicinal plants, wild fruits, Neglected and Underutilized Vegetables, Floriculture, Landscape gardening, Agroforestry, Plant Propagation Techniques, Biofertilizers. She has 30 Publications in Nepalese Journals and few in International. She has attended International Conferences, Seminars, Workshops.


Dr. Ram Chaudhary

After completing the Ph. D. degree in 1969, started working as Junior Research Officer / Assistant Professor in G. B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar (GBPUAT), India. It was during this period that DAAD Fellowship was awarded and on leave joined Technical University, Munich, Germany. After return joined back the post and was promoted as Senior Research Officer / Associate Professor in the same department of GBPUAT. A year later was also elevated to the post of Associate Director of Crop Research Centre. Rice varieties bred by me spread to farmers fields and so was the name. For this work I received Dr Rajendra Prasad Award of Indian Council of Agricultural Research. It was after a decade at GBPUAT that in the year 1979 moved to Rajendra Agriculture University (RAU), Bihar, India as Chief Scientist cum Professor Plant Breeding. After 2 years was elevated to the post of Regional Director of Agricultural Research Institute, Patna of RAU. In 1984 got selected as Rice Specialist of the World Bank in Nigeria. It was highly paying but academically non-productive job and looked for alternatives. Fortunately, got selected as Plant Breeder by a CGIAR organization called the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) and joined in December 1989 with posting in Cambodia. After almost 5 years of productive working got promoted as INGER Global Coordinator and shifted to the head quarters of IRRI in Manila, Philippines. With rice varieties bred by me, Cambodia, which was a basket case country, became rice exporter and grateful country recognized this work by awarding a Gold Medal. INGER Global Coordinator was a challenging job of germplasm collection, multiplication, exchange, evaluation and utilization in more than 100 countries of the world. The job took me to most rice growing countries of Asia, Africa, Australia, Europe, Latin America, Russia and USA. Professionally very satisfying job to meet hundreds of scientists and administrators gave me real exposure to multi-culturalism. Truly global nature of work and help to countries with weak rice research was rewarding in work and deeds.

After a decade I left IRRI in 1997 and worked for a year with USAID in Indonesia and the Philippines. In the mean time Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) selected me as Chief Technical Advisor-cum-Project Manager at the highest technical cadre of P5 and posted in Democratic Republic of Korea (North Korea). FAO within a year realized that my experiences could be utilized better elsewhere and shifted me to Myanmar. It was job of settling the 1.5 million returnees from Bangladesh through crop, fish, and poultry production, and income generation. Need-based help was given in cash, kind and training to anchor them to Northern Rakhine State of Myanmar. On 31st December 2006 I said good bye to the beneficiaries, Myanmar and FAO due to my retirement from the active service of UN. But FAO wanted to use my capacity to work in the hard atmospheres, thus posted me as Retiree Project Manager in Iraq since January 2007. Iraq’s devastated seed industry was supported by providing them hundreds of seed processing equipments and training to their more than 100 staffs in India. After that I was shifted to a similar challenging job in northern Uganda, devastated by prolonged civil strife, where I worked until December 2013.

Time was passing and I wanted to give full benefit of my global experiences to my roots – my people and invigorated my own NGO called Participatory Rural Development Foundation, Gorakhpur, India where I am still working as its Chairman. Real satisfying job is now.


Dr. Ram Chaudhary

After completing the Ph. D. degree in 1969, started working as Junior Research Officer / Assistant Professor in G. B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar (GBPUAT), India. It was during this period that DAAD Fellowship was awarded and on leave joined Technical University, Munich, Germany. After return joined back the post and was promoted as Senior Research Officer / Associate Professor in the same department of GBPUAT. A year later was also elevated to the post of Associate Director of Crop Research Centre. Rice varieties bred by me spread to farmers fields and so was the name. For this work I received Dr Rajendra Prasad Award of Indian Council of Agricultural Research. It was after a decade at GBPUAT that in the year 1979 moved to Rajendra Agriculture University (RAU), Bihar, India as Chief Scientist cum Professor Plant Breeding. After 2 years was elevated to the post of Regional Director of Agricultural Research Institute, Patna of RAU. In 1984 got selected as Rice Specialist of the World Bank in Nigeria. It was highly paying but academically non-productive job and looked for alternatives. Fortunately, got selected as Plant Breeder by a CGIAR organization called the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) and joined in December 1989 with posting in Cambodia. After almost 5 years of productive working got promoted as INGER Global Coordinator and shifted to the head quarters of IRRI in Manila, Philippines. With rice varieties bred by me, Cambodia, which was a basket case country, became rice exporter and grateful country recognized this work by awarding a Gold Medal. INGER Global Coordinator was a challenging job of

germplasm collection, multiplication, exchange, evaluation and utilization in more than 100 countries of the world. The job took me to most rice growing countries of Asia, Africa, Australia, Europe, Latin America, Russia and USA. Professionally very satisfying job to meet hundreds of scientists and administrators gave me real exposure to multi-culturalism. Truly global nature of work and help to countries with weak rice research was rewarding in work and deeds.

After a decade I left IRRI in 1997 and worked for a year with USAID in Indonesia and the Philippines. In the mean time Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) selected me as Chief Technical Advisor-cum-Project Manager at the highest technical cadre of P5 and posted in Democratic Republic of Korea (North Korea). FAO within a year realized that my experiences could be utilized better elsewhere and shifted me to Myanmar. It was job of settling the 1.5 million returnees from Bangladesh through crop, fish, and poultry production, and income generation. Need-based help was given in cash, kind and training to anchor them to Northern Rakhine State of Myanmar. On 31st December 2006 I said good bye to the beneficiaries, Myanmar and FAO due to my retirement from the active service of UN. But FAO wanted to use my capacity to work in the hard atmospheres, thus posted me as Retiree Project Manager in Iraq since January 2007. Iraq’s devastated seed industry was supported by providing them hundreds of seed processing equipments and training to their more than 100 staffs in India. After that I was shifted to a similar challenging job in northern Uganda, devastated by prolonged civil strife, where I worked until December 2013.

Time was passing and I wanted to give full benefit of my global experiences to my roots – my people and invigorated my own NGO called Participatory Rural Development Foundation, Gorakhpur, India where I am still working as its Chairman. Real satisfying job is now.


AUREA MARIE M. SANDOVAL

Academic Function:

Professor, Biology Department, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Benguet State University (BSU), La Trinidad, Benguet, Philippines

Present Administrative Designations:

Director, University Research & Extension Publications Office

University Pollution Control Officer

Coordinator, University Eco-waste Management Program

Coordinator, Philippine Science Consortium

Past Administrative Designations:

2014- January 2016 Special Assistant for the Office of the Vice President

for Research & Extension, BSU

2007-2014 Dean, College of Arts and Sciences, BSU

2005-2007 Assistant Dean/College Secretary, College of Arts

and Sciences, BSU

1998-2004 Department Chair, Biology Dept., College of Arts andSciences, BSU


AUREA MARIE M. SANDOVAL

Academic Function:

Professor, Biology Department, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Benguet State University (BSU), La Trinidad, Benguet, Philippines

Present Administrative Designations:

Director, University Research & Extension Publications Office

University Pollution Control Officer

Coordinator, University Eco-waste Management Program

Coordinator, Philippine Science Consortium

Past Administrative Designations:

2014- January 2016 Special Assistant for the Office of the Vice President

for Research & Extension, BSU

2007-2014 Dean, College of Arts and Sciences, BSU

2005-2007 Assistant Dean/College Secretary, College of Arts

and Sciences, BSU

1998-2004 Department Chair, Biology Dept., College of Arts andSciences, BSU

I am Sunita Ranabhat from Nepal working as Policy Analyst at ICIMOD since December 2014. Formerly, I worked in different NGOs in different positions (as a program officer, coordinator and consultant) under the programs related to forest, ecosystem services, REDD+ and livelihoods for 8 years. Besides my diverse working experience, I have received bachelor degree in Science in Forestry from Tribhuwan University, Nepal and master in Forest Science and Forest Ecology from University of Goettingen, Germany. My area of specialization is primarily on Tropical and International Forestry during my master course. I have done my master thesis entitled “ Impact of forest management on stand structure, tree diversity and above ground carbon stock: a comparative study in the Sal (Shorea robusta) forest of Nepal. I have published papers viz. “Above ground carbon stock in different forest types of Nepal” and “Carbon sequestration potential of Alnus nepalensis in mid hills of Nepal: A case study of Kaski District” in peer reviewed journal (Banko Janakari: A journal of forestry information of Nepal). In addition, I have attended various conferences and seminars held in Germany and Nepal delivering both oral and poster presentation. Similarly, I do have experience on organizing and facilitating trainings and workshops as well. I have strong interest in natural resource management particularly on policy improvements.


Nguyen the chien

Mr. NGUYEN has graduated at Xuan Mai Forestry University in faculty of Forestry Economics in 1987. From 1999 to 2001 he got a grant scholarship of German Academic Exchange Service (DAAD) for the Master course of Tropical and International Forestry at Göttingen University, Germany. He has over 20 years experience as a technical advisor and team leader in the natural resource management, forestry, climate change and rural development sectors. This has included experience in the design, management, implementation and leadership of complex sustainable forest management projects in Vietnam.

Mr NGUYEN currently works as senior forestry advisor/ project manager on a BMUB-funded REDD+ project in Vietnam looking at advancing understanding of forest carbon stock enhancement as part of any future REDD+ agreement through development and implementation of measures for ecologically and socially compatible rehabilitation of forest ecosystems, including biodiversity and other potential forest ecosystem services products at the landscape level. His main tasks in this project are to manage and supervise all the project activities, interface with local authorities, supervise and execute the preparation of all project reports and outputs, contribute to the design of Silvicultural treatments, REDD+ MRV system, biodiversity conservation assessment, capacity building needs assessment and activities, assist in developing national and sub-national REDD+ Action plans in coordination with the UN-REDD country team, and in demonstration activities.

Mr NGUYEN has worked extensively for the Government of Vietnam and non-governmental organizations on projects funded by BMUB, KfW, GIZ, World Bank (WB), Global Environmental Facility (GEF), DANIDA, WWF and other small donors.

Dr. MAN Quang Huy obtained his Ph.D. in Geography Science from the George August University of Gottingen, Germany in 2010. From 2011, he is a senior lecturer at Department of Land Administration in Faculty of Geography and Vice Director of Center for Apply research on Remote Sensing and Geographical Information System (CARGIS) of the VNU University of Science.

His research interests include Climate Change as well as Urban and Rural Planning. He was a National consulting to UN HABITAT in Project “An integrated strategy for Eco-city development in Hoi An and its region”. He is also working as main staff of several projects such as Research program on Sustainable Land Use and Rural Development in

mountainous regions of Southeast Asia with SFB 564 Uplands Program funded by the Deutsche Forschungs Gemeinschaft (DFG) and Ministry of Science and Technology, Vietnam; Research on developing planning coastal cities under climate changes (funded by Vietnam National Science Program), Applied GIS and RS with communities participatory in research change environment and sustainable development in Mountain Rural Area of North Vietnam adaptive Climate change (funded by NAFOSTED), Leader of project Access impacts of climate change on water disaster and consequently on agriculture and aquaculture in the North Center of Vietnam (funded by DANIDA).


Dr. Kamini Barua E-Mail: [email protected]

Skype: kaminibk

Phone: +49(0)17620259223

Born and brought up in India, with an international schooling background at the Carmel Convent, Digboi, Kamini Barua graduated with a PhD in Ecology from the University of Göttingen, Germany in 2008 to be followed by a post-doctoral fellowship at the University of Leuphana in Lüneburg, Germany in 2014. She has extensive field work related research experience in India and Brazil. Her key areas of expertise are in sustainable management of biodiversity in the tropics, ecotourism and local livelihoods. She has been actively working in the German Alumni capacity building program for developing countries with focus on Asia and Latin America since the last 8 years, with affiliation to the University of Göttingen. A firm believer of practice oriented research, Dr. Kamini Barua, is based in Hamburg, Germany since 2011 and has recently ventured into the field of tourism consulting through promoting responsible tourism for the cause of conservation and socio-economic enhancement of local communities in Assam, Northeast India.

Erika Pardede

Erika Pardede has completed Doctor degree in 2005 at Institute of Agriculturchemie of Georg

August Universitaet Goettingen, Germany. Working as Senior Lecturer at Faculty of

Agriculture, University of HKBP Nommensen Medan – Indonesia. Serving as Dean of Faculty

of Agriculture from 2005 to 2009, currently is a lecturer for Food Preservation & Packaging,

Quality Assurance, and Processing of Fruit and Vegetable. Actively participated at several

national and international seminars/workshops, and published several scientific papers.


Dr. Margaretha Z. Pangau-Adam

Department of Conservation Biology/Workgroup on Endangered Species Georg-August-Universität Göttingen Bürgerstrasse 50, 37073 Göttingen, Germany Tel.: ++49 (0)551 395639 https://www.uni-goettingen.de/de/3240.html?cid=4877

Dr. Margaretha Pangau-Adam received a Research Fellowship Award from Dorothea

Schloezer Program, the University of Goettingen in 2010 with the research focus on frugivory,

seed dispersal and forest regeneration. Her current research interests include tropical forest

management, wildlife conservation, and climate change issues. Since 2007 she has been

involved in organising the German Alumni Programs supported by the DAAD in different

countries including the International German Alumni Summer School in Nepal.

Dr. Rajendra KC

Mr. K.C. has over 20 years long extensive experience as the Forest Officer under Ministry of Forests and Soil Conservation, Nepal. He had also worked as the Team Leader in between 2013 to 2015 in the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nation that focused on the promotion and development of Non Timber Forest Products in Terai and Siwalik Regions of Nepal. Presently, Dr. K.C. is the Under Secretary at Department of Forest Research and Survey under Ministry of Forests and Soil Conservation, Nepal.


Dr. Lok Nath Paudel is currently working for Directorate of Livestock Production, Nepa as Senior Livestock Development Officer. He did his Ph.D. from Georg-August University, Goettingen, Germany (2005-2009). He also received Chancellor Gold Medal awarded for having stood as ‘TOP OF THE YEAR’ in Master’s Degree in 2003. He has presented in various seminars, Workshops and conferences.

Jhamak B.Karki,PhD

Vice Principal/Associate ProfessorKathmandu Forestry College

Amarawatimarg, Koteshwor, Kathmandu,Nepalweb:www.kafcol.edu.np, mail:[email protected]

Phone:+977-1-5147211, Fax:+977-1-5147046, Ph:+977-9841-364888 (pers.cell).Skipe:jhamak.karki5

Researchgate: https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Jhamak_Karki2

About two decades experience in working in protected area management as managers have joined in academic field since last three years. Originally, a forester graduated from Institute of Forestry Nepal, turned as protected area manager with post graduate diploma in wildlife management, Master and doctoral degree from Wildlife Institute of India. Now attempting to share the experience to forestry students. Some of the area of my experience is on tiger and pre species, habitat management, vulture conservation, management plan and action plan preparation. Form believer of eternal peace, that helps to improve happy ness and combined makes life prosperous.

Jhamak B.Karki,PhD







Dr. Lok Nath Paudel is currently working for Directorate of Livestock Production, Nepa as Senior Livestock Development Officer. He did his Ph.D. from Georg-August University, Goettingen, Germany (2005-2009). He also received Chancellor Gold Medal awarded for having stood as ‘TOP OF THE YEAR’ in Master’s Degree in 2003. He has presented in various seminars, Workshops and conferences.

Jhamak B.Karki,PhD






Jhamak B.Karki,PhD







Trishna Rayamajhi

With the eagerness and enthusiasm to pursue her career in the field of Forest and conservation, Ms. Rayamajhi chose to be a Forestry in-take. She graduated from Kathmandu Forestry College in 2015 A.D securing 78.4%. Her dissertation was entitled “Impact of Leasehold Forestry in local livelihood”. She was awarded with the Hariyo Ban Research Grant Award, 2015. . She completed her internship from Federation of Community Forest Users Nepal (FECOFUN). She worked as a lab research assistant in Kathmandu Forestry College Also participated in Mentorship-mentee Program, USAID/WWF/ Hariyo Ban Program, 2014-2015. Did a research in “Regeneration Status of Broom-grass in Tanahu Leasehold Forest, USAID/WWF/Hariyo Ban Program, 2014. Furthermore, she is interested to conduct the exploratory research relevant to Forestry sector. And she seeks forward to do her masters in Forest Research and Policy.

Manoj Neupane will be graduating from Kathmandu Forestry College in 2016. He pursued his secondary education with the aid of SOS Children Village, then got partial scholarship from Khwopa higher secondary school for Higher education and is presently studying under full scholarship from the Ministry of Education (MOE), Nepal. He just completed his thesis entitled “Evaluating the Sustainability of Community Forest and its Relation to Plant Biodiversity” which was financially assisted by Kathmandu Forestry College. He has worked as Forest Technician in Digital Demarcation of the forest, Operational plan renewal of community forest, Soil fertility mapping Project and scientific forest management plan preparation in various parts of the country. He also worked in online based CloudFactory Company as data entry specialist and team leader for about 3 years. He loves teaching and has been taking entrance classes for forestry for 3 years now. He is wanderlust and has been to about 50(out of 75) district of the country and most parts of Northern India. He is seeking to have graduate in forest related course from foreign university.

He is local organizer of this Summer School.

[email protected]

977-9851149760 (personal cell)


Contacts

Local organizer : 9851149760 (Manoj; feel free to contact to ask anything)

Tourist police : 01-4247041

Ambulance : 102

Telephone enquiry : 197 (To get phone number of everything)

Hotel Park Village : 01- 4373935

Maruni Lodge : 056-580160


Contacts

Local organizer : 9851149760 (Manoj; feel free to contact to ask anything)

Tourist police : 01-4247041

Ambulance : 102

Telephone enquiry : 197 (To get phone number of everything)

Hotel Park Village : 01- 4373935

Maruni Lodge : 056-580160

Participant List of International German Alumni Summer School Nepal 2016

No. Name Country Institution Address, E-Mail

1 Prof. Dr. R. Bürger Arndt Project Coordinator and Keynote speaker)

Germany Department of Nature Conservation and Landscape Management, University of Göttingen [email protected]

2 Dr. Jolanta Slowik (Organiser and Keynote speaker)

Germany Department of Conservation Biology, Workgroup on Endangered Species, University of Göttingen [email protected]

3 Prof. Dr. Martin Kappas (Keynote speaker)

Germany Institute of Geography , Dept. Of Cartography, GIS and Remote Sensing, University of Göttingen [email protected]

4 Prof. Dr. Krister Andersson (Keynote speaker)

USA Department of Political Science University of Colorado, [email protected]

5 Dr. Kamini Barua (Organiser & Vice-Coordinator)

India Former Post -Doctoral Fellow (Leuphana University, Lüneburg)Project Manager (BMBF Project) University of Göttingen [email protected]

6 Dr. Margaretha Pangau-Adam (Organiser & Vice-Coordinator)

Indonesia Post-doctoral Fellow-Dept. of Conservation Biology, University of Göttingen [email protected]

7 Dr. Jhamak B.KarkiLocal Organizer

Nepal Vice-Principal, [email protected]

8 Prof. Ambika P.Gautam Nepal Principal, [email protected]

9 Prof. Zhang Deshun China Department of Landscape study, Tongji University, [email protected]

10 Dr. Ram Chaudhary India Chairman, Participatory Rural Development Foundation (NGO) [email protected]

11 Dr. Rakesh Pandey India Principal Scientist CSIR-CIMAP (Government of India) [email protected]

12 Dhirendra Bhargava IFS India Chief Conservator of Forests,Indian Ministry of Environment & [email protected]

13 Dr. Ranjana U.K.Piyadasa Sri Lanka Senior Lecturer, Department of Geography, University of [email protected]

14 Dr. Andy Russel Mojiol Malaysia Nature Park and Recreation, Faculty of Science and Natural Resources Universiti Malaysia [email protected]

mailto:[email protected]














15 Dr. Walter Lingtangah Malaysia Faculty of Science and Natural Resources, International Tropical Forestry Program, Universiti Malaysia [email protected]

16 Prof. Marie M Sandoval Philippines University Coordinator Eco-waste Management Program, Benguet State University University Coordinator, Philippine Science [email protected]

17 Dr. Man Quang Huy Vietnam Faculty of Geography, Vietnam National [email protected]

18 Prof. Emilia Nercissians Iran Associate professor, Department of Social Sciences, University of [email protected]

19 Dr. Erika Pardede Indonesia Department of Agricultural Products Technology Universitas HKBP Nommensen (UHN) –Medan, [email protected]

20 Nguyen Thi Chien, MSc Vietnam Senior Natural Resources/REDD+ Advisor , The Netherland Development Organisation, SNV, Hanoi [email protected]

21 Dr. Nirmala J Pradhan Nepal Scientific officer, Department of Plant Resources, Thapathali, [email protected]

22 Ms. Sunita Ranabhat Nepal Policy Analyst [email protected]

23 Mr. Utsab Thapa Nepal Forest officer, District Forest office, [email protected]

24 Ms. Smita Das Nepal Forest Officer,Regional Forest Training Centre, Ministry of Soil & Forest Conservation, Surkhet [email protected]

25 Mr.Dev Gautam, MSc Nepal Team Leader ,[email protected]

25 Dr. Rajendra K.C. Nepal Under Secretary, Department of Forest Research and Survey, Kathmandu, [email protected]

26 Dr. Lokhnath Paudel Nepal [email protected]

27 Mr. Manoj Neupane Local organizer

Nepal [email protected]

28 Ms. Trishna Rayamajhi Local organizer

Nepal















29 Dr. Krishna Chandra Poudel Nepal Secretary, Ministry of Livestock Development Conservation

30 Dr. Madhav Karki Nepal Vice-chair IPBES

31 Dr. Bhaskar S. Karki Nepal ICIMOD

32 Prof. Dr. Madan Koiral Nepal CDES,TU

33 Dr. Narendra Chand Nepal RED Cell, MOFSC

34 Mr. Resham Dangi Nepal DG, DoF

35 Dr. Yam Malla Nepal Ex-CR IUCN

36 Dr. Bhisma Subedi Nepal ANSAB

37 Dr. Naya Sharma Nepal Forest Action

38 Mr.Ashok Bhandari Nepal IOF

Kathmandu Forestry College, Kathmandu P.O. Box 9594, Amarawati Marga, Koteshwor, Kathmandu, Nepal

Website: www.kafcol.edu.np

2828_forestry_conference book for print

Documents