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06 3 G Rpls2 V2 5 - Presentation Transcript

1. WCDMA Measurements in the UE 3GRPLS – Module 6 2. Objectives

o At the end of this module, you will be able to

o Describe the different way s how the UE can get its measurement commands

o List the available measurement types

o Outline the idea of - volume measurements - UE internal measurements - Quality reporting - Intra-frequency measurements - Inter-frequency measurements - Inter-RAT measurements

o Describe the impact of soft handovers on the neighbourhood lists

o Name the ideas of the compressed mode

o Describe the correlation between UE based measurements and handover

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4. Part I - Measurement Commands and Measurement Reporting

5. Measurement Control

o UTRAN controls the measurements in the UE, either by

Broadcasting system information on the BCCH, and/or by

Transmitting a Measurement Control message on the DCCH.

o If the UE is in the RRC idle mode , it receives relevant measurement information from the BCCH. The SIB type 3 contains parameters for cell selection and re-selection. In parallel, the SIB type 11 is used to deliver measurement control information to the UE for the serving cell. SIB 3 and SIB 11are read and valid in the RRC idle state.

o If the UE is in the RRC sub-states CELL_FACH, CELL_PCH and URA_PCH , It is connected to one cell only and responsible for cell selection and re-selection. It retrieves the parameters for cell selection from SIB type 4. The measurement control information is broadcasted with SIB type 12. SIB 4 and SIB 12 are read and valid, when the UE is in the CELL_FACH, CELL_PCH and URA_PCH sub-state. If SIB 4 resp. SIB 12 is not broadcasted, then SIB 3 resp. SIB 11 parameters are used instead. In the sub-state CELL_DCH, the UE is not reading SIB type 3/4 and 11/12. The parameters of SIB 12 (SIB 11, if SIB is not available) can be still valid in this state.

o The RRC message Measurement Control can be transmitted to the UE, if a DCCH has been setup between the UE and UTRAN. This message informs the UE about the type of measurement, which has to be conducted.Each measurement command links a measurement with a measurement identity, quantity, objects, reporting quantities, reporting criteria, type, etc.

6. Measurement Control Node B UTRAN RNC UE System Information [BCCH] I am in the RRC idle mode Node B UTRAN RNC UE System Information [BCCH] I am in the CELL_FACH, CELL_PCH or URA_PCH sub-s t ate Node B UTRAN RNC UE Measurement Control [DCCH] I am in the CELL_DCH sub-s t ate SIB 3 & SIB 11 SIB 4 & SIB 12 (SIB 3 & SIB 11)

o SIB 3 [ 4 ] : parameters for cell selection and re-selection [ in the RRC connected mode ]

o SIB 11 [ 12 ] : measurement control information [ in the RRC connected mode ]

o read and valid: idle, CELL_FACH, CELL_PCH, URA_PCH.

o (SIB 11/12 is also valid in the CELL_DCH.)

7. Measurement Control and Measurement Report

o How does a UE perform measurements after a transition in the CELL_DCH state ?

o Two cases have to be distinguished:

o Transition from the RRC idle state to the CELL_DCH sub-state

In the RRC idle state, the UE retrieved the measurement control parameters from the SIB type 11. Information Elements, which contain intra-frequency, inter-frequency, inter-RAT and traffic volume measurement system information, may be included in the SIB 11. If they are included, the UE can send a measurement report, when a measurement reporting criteria is fulfilled.

As soon as the UE receives a Measurement Control message including one of the above mentioned measurement types, it replaces its internal stored data based on the SIB11 by the parameters delivered with the Measurement Control message.

o Transition from the CELL_FACH to the CELL_DCH sub-state.

In the CELL_FACH sub-state, the SIB 12 (or SIB 11, if there is no SIB 12) is valid including all relevant measurement control parameters. If the UE transits to the CELL_DCH sub-state, the system information stays valid, as long as there was no Measurement Control message, which replaces the parameters.

But what happens, if the UE was in the CELL_DCH sub-state, it has received Measurement Control messages, and it then transits to the CELL_FACH sub-state ?

In the CELL_FACH sub-state, the UE reads SIB 12 (SIB 11), and its measurement control parameters become valid. But when the UE then transits back to the CELL_DCH sub-state, the UE resumes with the measurements and associated reporting, as they they were stored before the transition to the CELL_FACH (or any other RRC connected) sub-state.

8. Measurement Control and Measurement Report RRC idle state CELL_FACH (*) = Measurement control based on (A) = Control information from RRC message Measurement Control available in UE CELL_DCH (*): SIB 11 (*): SIB 12 (*): SIB 11 (A) (*): SIB 12 (*): Measurement Control (A) (A) UTRAN Measurement Report Measurement Control

9. Measurement Control and Measurement Report

o The RRC message Measurement Control is used to setup, to modify, and to release a measurement in the UE.

The UE gets all relevant information, how to perform a specific type of measurements. A measurement is either conducted periodically or driven by an event. Then, the UE returns a measurement report.

The Measurement Control message is transmitted on a DCCH via an RLC entity in the acknowledged mode. I.e. the UE is either in the RRC connected sub-state CELL_DCH or CELL_FACH.

If the setup of a measurement fails, the UE returns the RRC message Measurement Control Failure. It is transmitted on an UL DCCH via an RLC entity in the acknowledged mode.

o The RRC message Measurement Report was specified to deliver measurement results from the UE to UTRAN (RNC). This message is transmitted on a DCCH. The RLC entity can be in the acknowledged or unacknowledged mode. The RLC entity mode is set by the RRC message Measurement Control. Measurement results can be only transmitted in the CELL_DCH or CELL_FACH sub-state.

CELL_DCH : If a reporting criterion is met, the UE transmits a Measurement Report. A measurement identity identifies the measurement as specified by UTRAN. It includes measurement quantities and identifies the measurement event.

CELL_FACH : In this sub-state, traffic volume measurements and positioning measurements are reported by the UE. Intra-frequency measurements are reported via the RACH, whereby the UE learns from the BCCH (SIB11 or SIB12) the maximum numbers of cells, it can report.

CELL_PCH or URA_PCH: UE must perform a cell update. Cell update cause is „uplink data transmission“. Then they are in the CELL_FACH state, where the Measurement Report can be sent. The measurement report either holds traffic volume measurements or positioning measurements .

10. Measurement Control and Measurement Report UE RNC Measurement Control [RLC- AM , DCCH] UE RNC Measurement Control [RLC- AM , DCCH] [RLC- AM , DCCH] Measurement Control Failure UE RNC [RLC- UM/AM , DCCH] Measurement Report There is a measurement event!

11. Measurement Control

o With the RRC message Measurement Control , UTRAN commands the UE to perform measurements on its behalf.

o There is a set of different types of measurements, which can be conducted:

Intra-Frequency Measurements

Inter-Frequency Measurements

Inter-RAT Measurements

UE-Internal Measurements

Traffic Volume Measurements

Quality Measurements

UE Positioning Methods

o As a consequence, a UE may be forced to conduct several different types of measurements simultaneously. Each type of measurement is identified by an allocated “Measurement Identity“. Some measurements are not conducted continuously. UTRAN tells the UE once, how to perform a type of measurements. Whenever necessary, it just informs the UE to conduct the measurements of a measurement type by just telling it the associated measurement identity.

o Each measurement type comes with a measurement command: setup, modify, and release.

o Finally, UTRAN inform the UE, how to deliver the measurement reports:

Delivery on an acknowledged or unacknowledged RLC, and

Periodical or event triggered reporting.

o In the RRC message Measurement Control, the is an PhyCH information elements, where the UE can gain DPCH compressed mode status information.

12. Measurement Control UE RNC Measurement Control ( ) UE IEs Measurement IEs PhyCH IEs Measurement Identity Measurement Command Measurement Reporting Mode CHOICE Measurement type Additional measurements list DPCH compressed mode status info setup/modify/release RLC AM/UM and periodical reporting/event triggered includes non-frequency related cell info Part VII Part VI Part V Part IV Part III Part II 2A, 2B, 2C, 2D, 2E, 2F Inter-Frequency Measurements 3A, 3B, 3C, 3D Inter-RAT Measurements 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E, 1F Intra-Frequency Measurements 5A Quality Measurements 6A, 6B, 6C, 6D, 6E, 6F, 6G UE Internal Measurements 4A, 4B Traffic Volume Measurement Measurement Events Measurement Type

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14. Part II Traffic Volume Measurements Part VII Part VI Part V Part IV Part III Part II 2A, 2B, 2C, 2D, 2E, 2F Inter-Frequency Measurements 3A, 3B, 3C, 3D Inter-RAT Measurements 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E, 1F Intra-Frequency Measurements 5A Quality Measurements 6A, 6B, 6C, 6D, 6E, 6F, 6G UE Internal Measurements 4A, 4B Traffic Volume Measurement Measurement Events Measurement Type

15. Traffic Volume Measurements

o Traffic volume measurements are used to trigger measurement reports based on uplink traffic volume.

o Why is it necessary to perform this type of measurement?

The UE is in the RRC connected sub-state CELL_FACH. The volume of uplink traffic is increasing. UTRAN tells the UE to report an increased amount of uplink traffic. UTRAN (here: the SRNC) can decide to allocate dedicated physical channel resources to the UE. In other words, the UE is moved to the CELL_DCH sub-state.

o The measurement object is the individual cell. The reported quantities are

Buffer Occupancy (BO) which “indicates for each logical channel the amount of data in number of bytes that is available for transmission and retransmission in the RLC layer“. (TS 25.321) At least every TTI, the MAC layer receives this information from each RLC entity.

Average of Buffer Occupancy

Variance of Buffer Occupancy

o The two last reporting quantities are statistics, which the MAC layer computes and delivers after being configured accordingly by the RRC. These statistics on BO values are determined from all RBs/LogCHs mapped onto a given TrCH. The Transport Channel Traffic Volume (TCTV) is the sum of the BO of all LogCHs, mapped on a given TrCH. The evaluation has to be done at least once every TTI.

o Following reporting events were specified:

o 4A: Transport Channel Traffic Volume becomes larger than an absolute threshold

o 4B : Transport Channel Traffic Volume becomes smaller than an absolute threshold

16. Traffic Volume Measurements Reporting event : 4A : Transport Channel Traffic Volume becomes larger than an absolute threshold 4B : Transport Channel Traffic Volume becomes smaller than an absolute threshold time Transport Channel Traffic Volume (TCTV) Threshold 4B 4A 4B 4B 4A 4A

17. Nokia Parameters for Traffic Volume Measurements: UL

o RNC: TrafVolThresholdULHigh

The parameter defines the threshold of data in RLC buffer of RB in bytes. This threshold triggers the uplink traffic volume measurement report when the UE is in a Cell_DCH state and the initial bit rate DCH is allocated for the radio bearer.

8, 16, 32, 64, 128, 256, 512, 1024, 2048, 3072, 4096, 6144, 8192, 12288, 16384, 24576 bytes ; default: 1024 bytes

o RNC: TrafVolThresholdULLow

This parameter defines, in bytes, the threshold of data in the RLC buffers of SRB0, SRB1, SRB2, SRB3, SRB4 and all NRT RBs that triggers the uplink traffic volume measurement report, when the UE is in Cell_FACH state. Otherwise, UE sends data on RACH.

8, 16, 32, 64, 128, 256, 512, 1024 bytes; default: 128 bytes

o RNC: TrafVolTimeToTriggerUL

This parameter defines, in ms, the period of time between the timing of event detection and the timing of sending a traffic volume measurement report.

0, 10, 20, 40, 60, 80, 100, 120, 160, 200, 240, 320, 640, 1280, 2560, 5000 ms; default: 0 ms.

o RNC: TrafVolPendingTimeUL

This parameter indicates the period of time, in seconds, during which it is forbidden to send any new traffic volume measurement reports with the same measurement ID, even if the triggering condition is fulfilled again.

250, 500, 1000, 2000, 4000, 8000, 16000 ms; default: 2000 ms

o WCEL: NASsignVolThrUL

Uplink NAS signalling volume threshold

o All parameters are sent to the UE using the RRC: MEASUREMENT CONTROL message.

18. Nokia Parameters for Traffic Volume Measurements: DL

o The DL load is directly monitored at the RNC, which can react accordingly. The following Parameters can be set:

o RNC: TrafVolThresholdDLHigh

Downlink traffic volume measurement high threshold

8, 16, 32, 64, 128, 256, 512, 1024, 2048, 3072, 4096 , 6144, 8192, 12288, 16384, 24576 bytes; default: 1024 bytes

o RNC: TrafVolTimeToTriggerDL

This parameter defines, in ms, the period of time between the timing of event detection and the timing of sending a downlink capacity request.

0, 10, 20, 40, 60, 80, 100, 120, 160, 200, 240, 320, 640, 1280, 2560, 5000 ms; default: 0 ms

o WCEL: TrafVolThresholdDLLow

Downlink traffic volume measurement low threshold

0, 8, 16, 32, 64, 128, 256, 512, 1024 bytes; default: 128 bytes

o RNC: TrafVolPendingTimeDL

Downlink traffic volume measurement pending time after trigger

250, 500, 1000, 2000, 4000, 8000, 16000 ms; default: 2000 ms

o WCEL: NASsignVolThrDL

Downlink NAS signalling volume threshold

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20. Part III UE Internal Measurements Part VII Part VI Part V Part IV Part III Part II 2A, 2B, 2C, 2D, 2E, 2F Inter-Frequency Measurements 3A, 3B, 3C, 3D Inter-RAT Measurements 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E, 1F Intra-Frequency Measurements 5A Quality Measurements 6A, 6B, 6C, 6D, 6E, 6F, 6G UE Internal Measurements 4A, 4B Traffic Volume Measurement Measurement Events Measurement Type

21. UE Internal Measurements Reporting Events

o The UE‘s transmission power and received signal level is evaluated by the so-called UE-internal measurements. Following measurement quantities exist:

UE transmission (Tx) power.

UE received signal strength power (RSSI).

UE Rx-Tx time difference.

o Reporting Events:

o 6A : The UE Tx power becomes larger than an absolute threshold

o 6B : The UE Tx power becomes less than an absolute threshold

in 6A and 6B, the UE Transmitted Power Tx power threshold ranges between –50 to 33 dBm.

o 6C: The UE Tx power reaches its minimum value

o 6D: The UE Tx power reaches its maximum value

o 6E: The UE RSSI reaches the UE's dynamic receiver range

o 6F: The UE Rx-Tx time difference for a RL included in the active set becomes larger than an absolute threshold

o 6G: The UE Rx-Tx time difference for a RL included in the active set becomes less than an absolute threshold.

UE Rx-Tx time difference threshold ranges in 6G and 6F between 768 and 1280 chip periods.

o All events can be combined with time-to-trigger, i.e. with some time, where the detected event must hold before reporting. Either inter-frequency and/or inter-RAT measurements are started in case UE has reached the Threshold or Max Power (events 6A or 6D has been send).

22. UE Internal Measurements Reporting Events time time to trigger, e.g. 1280 ms time to trigger UE Tx Power 6A : The UE Tx power becomes larger than an absolute threshold 6B : The UE Tx power becomes less than an absolute threshold 6D : The UE Tx power reaches its maximum value UE Transmitted Power Tx Threshold 6B 6A 6D min(UE tx P ower M ax DPCH, P max )

23. UE Internal Measurements Reporting Events 6F : The UE Rx-Tx time difference for a RL included in the active set becomes larger than an absolute threshold 6G : The UE Rx-Tx time difference for a RL included in the active set becomes less than an absolute threshold DL nom time T 0 UL DPCH time time 6 F 6 G Node B UTRAN RNC UE Measurement Control I am in the CELL_DCH sub-state

24. Nokia Parameters for UE Internal Measurements Reporting

o WCEL: UEtxPowerMaxDPCH

This parameter defines the maximum transmission power level a UE can use on DPCH.

It is signalled to UE in the Maximum allowed UL TX power IE of a proper RRC message, when a radio link is set up.

[-50 ... 33] dBm, step 1 dBm; default: 24 dBm

o RNC: LowerRxTxTimeDiff

Lower Rx-Tx TD Threshold defines the absolute threshold which is used by the UE to trigger the reporting event 6G due to UE Rx-Tx time difference.

[768 ... 896] chips, step 1 chips; default: 874 chips

o RNC: UpperRxTxTimeDiff

This parameter defines the absolute threshold which is used by the UE to trigger the reporting event 6F due to UE Rx-Tx time difference.

[1152 ... 1280] chips, step 1 chips; default: 1174 chips

o etc.

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26. Part IV Quality Reporting Events Part VII Part VI Part V Part IV Part III Part II 2A, 2B, 2C, 2D, 2E, 2F Inter-Frequency Measurements 3A, 3B, 3C, 3D Inter-RAT Measurements 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E, 1F Intra-Frequency Measurements 5A Quality Measurements 6A, 6B, 6C, 6D, 6E, 6F, 6G UE Internal Measurements 4A, 4B Traffic Volume Measurement Measurement Events Measurement Type

27. Quality Reporting Event

o How good is the connection?

Downlink, this must be determined by the UE, uplink by the Node B.

Downlink, the quality measurements are used to set DL quality thresholds, such as the DL TB error rate.

o In contrast to the UE internal measurements, there is only one specified reporting event:

o 5A : A predefined number of bad CRCs is exceeded (when a DCH is established)

If the reporting of 5A is ordered by UTRAN, the UE sends a report to indicate to UTRAN, that the number of bad CRCs during a predefined sliding window has exceeded a predefined number.

The following three parameters are used:

Total CRC is the length of the sliding window over which the number of bad CRCs are counted.

Bad CRC tells the UE the number of bad CRCs that are required within "Total CRC" for the event to be triggered.

Pending after trigger is a time period. A new event can not be triggered until "Pending after trigger" CRCs have been received.

28. DL Quality Reporting Event 5A 5A Report Total CRC Total CRC Total CRC Pending after trigger 5A Report 5A Report Bad CRC RNC Report, 5A

29. Nokia Parameter for Quality Deterioration report

o The Quality Deterioration report is used when the UL outer loop power control is not reaching it's BLER/BER target.

If the DL link quality is not reaching its quality target, the RNC can increase the SIR set at the Node B to improve the link quality. But this reduces also the capacity of the serving cells and increases the interference level, imposed on the radio links of other UEs served in the same geographical area. The Radio link measurements from BTS are used to check whether the DL DPCH power of the radio link is approaching it maximum value. If such a situation is given, this may trigger measurements in the compressed mode (handover measurements).

o RNC: EnableULQualDetRep

This parameter enables or disables the quality deterioration report from ULOLPC controller procedure.

When enabled, it may initiate a bearer reconfiguration procedure; or if the serving cell (or cells participating in soft handover) has neighbouring cells in another carrier frequency or system, the RNC may tell the UE to start inter-frequency/system measurements when it receives the quality deterioration report from the UL outer loop PC controller.

0 (No), 1 (Yes); default: 0.

o RNC: ULQualDetRepThreshold

If the uplink SIR target has reached the maximum, and the uplink SIR Target modification commands, received by the outer loop PC controller from the current active PC Entity during ULQualDetRepThreshold seconds, are all greater than zero, then the uplink outer loop PC controller sends a quality deterioration report to HC.

The quality deterioration message to the HC is periodically repeated, with ULQualDetRepTreshold defining the period, until either the quality target is resumed, meaning that the condition specified above is no longer met, or further actions are taken by HC.

[0.5 ... 5] s, step 0.5 s; default: 0.5 seconds

30. Quality Deterioration report Target SIR Max SIR target Min SIR target Actual SIR target 1st Quality deterioration report from PC to HC inside RNC 2nd Quality deterioration report (if the condition is still satisfied the message is periodically repeated) ULQualDetRepThreshold default 5s time SIR SIR

31. Part V Intra-Frequency Measurements Part VII Part VI Part V Part IV Part III Part II 2A, 2B, 2C, 2D, 2E, 2F Inter-Frequency Measurements 3A, 3B, 3C, 3D Inter-RAT Measurements 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E, 1F Intra-Frequency Measurements 5A Quality Measurements 6A, 6B, 6C, 6D, 6E, 6F, 6G UE Internal Measurements 4A, 4B Traffic Volume Measurement Measurement Events Measurement Type

32. Cells for Measurement and Monitoring (new)

o The mobile phone is capable to run several measurement types in parallel.

o Each measurement is hereby controlled and reported independently.

o The UE groups the monitored cells:

o Active Set Cells

The UE is connected to all these cells, performing a soft handover. User data can be transmitted in all these cells. For measurements and event reporting, the UE only considers cells, which are stored in the CELL_INFO_LIST for measurements. If an active cell set is not stored there, the UE won‘t consider it for event evaluation and measurement reporting.

o Monitored Set Cells

The cells, which are stored in the CELL_INFO_LIST are monitored set cells, when they are not active set cells.

o Detected Set Cells

The UE is capable to detect cells, which do not belong to the two above mentioned sets. They are stored in the detected set list. Measurement reporting of detected set cells can be conducted only for intra-frequency measurements, when the UE is in the CELL_DCH sub-state

o In the RRC message, the IE “Cells for measurements“ can be included.

If so, only these cells are considered for the (intra-, inter-, or inter-RAT) measurement.

If the IE “Cells for measurements“ is not included in the RRC message, then all cells must be considered for measurements, which are stored in the CELL_INFO_LIST.

33. Cells for Measurement and Monitoring A: active set cells B: monitored set cells C: detected set cells FDD f1 C C C Reporting only applicable for intra-frequency measurements made by UEs in CELL_DCH state. B B B B B B B B B B B FDD f2 GSM A A A

34. Intra-frequency Measurements

o “ Intra-frequency measurements are measurements on downlink physical channels at the same frequency as the active set.“ The measurement object is one cell.

o If the RRC message Measurement Control commands the UE to make intra-frequency measurement, it may contain among others:

Intra-frequency cell info list (optional)

Measurement quantity

There are three different measurement quantities for the FDD mode:

Downlink E c /N 0

Downlink received signal code power (RSCP) after despreading.

Downlink pathloss in dB = Primary CPICH Tx power - CPICH RSCP.

Measurement validity

The measurement validity describes, when the measurement has to be conducted.

There are three options:

CELL_DCH state,

All states except the CELL_ D CH state, and

All states.

Reporting Criteria

Reporting criteria outline, what kind of intra-frequency measurements have to be conducted. A set of intra-frequency measurements were specified, but it is the operator‘s choice, which ones are used.

35. Intra-frequency Reporting Events

o Below, you can see a list of intra-frequency reporting events. UTRAN decides, which of the listed events have to be reported by the UE. The required intra-

frequency reporting events, which are chosen by UTRAN, depend on the implemented handover reporting function or other radio network functions. The measurement quantities are determined by measuring the P-CPICH of the cell.

o Reporting events

o 1A : A Primary CPICH enters the reporting range

The reporting range can be between 0 and 14.5 dB (step size 0.5 dB). The reporting range can be set in relation with the measurement of the best (strongest) cell – as is was displayed on the next figure. It can be also set in ratio with a weighted average of the best measured cell and the averaged measurement results of additional, non-forbidden cells. If a CPICH crosses the reporting range, a reporting event is triggered. A individual cell offset can be taken into account.

o 1B : A primary CPICH leaves the reporting range. Similar concept as i