Yoshinori Matsumoto,

Keio University,

IoT environmental information measurement system

Outline

I. Environmental information

II. Radiation detection

III. IoT type X-rays sensor

IV. PM2.5 Monitoring

V. Communication Robot

VI. Conclusion

Background(environmental information)

Tohoku - Pacific Coast Earthquake

Radioactive substance

http://www.sprintars.net/

PM（Particulate matter）2.5Radiation in Fukushima, hospital

http://www.pwri.go.jp/team/landslid

e/topics/topics_okinawa.htm

Land slide

https://www.env.go.jp/air/osen/pm/info/ci

c/attach/briefing_h25-mat01.pdf

http://www.pwri.go.jp/team/landslide/topics

/topics_okinawa.htm

Ecological monitoring using sensors and network system

Sensing target Sensor technology Range and interval Research purpose

Weather, environment Environmental sensors,

satellite

>km, hour level Weather forecast,

Environmental change

Landslide detection Geophone, moisture, strain >km, minute level Occurrence of landslide and sensor data

Volcano, Glacier

detection

Camera, temperature, strain >km, minute level Observation of Volcano and Glacier

Earthquake detection Accelerometer,

strain, camera

>km, minute level Observation and prediction of

Earthquake

Pests monitoring Particular sensor <km, minute level Population and distribution of pests

Dynamics of plankton in

a lake

Temperature, chlorophyll

fluorescence

<km, hour level Seasonal plankton assemblage change

European Environment Agent, http://www.eea.europa.eu/ http://volcanoes.usgs.gov/activity/methods/

http://landslides.usgs.gov/monitoring/

Environmental measurement sensor

80 m

m

95 mm

http://www.seeedstudio.com/depot/Soil-Moisture-Temperature-Sensor-p-1356.html

http://www.murata.com/ja-jp/products/sensor/inclinometer/sca100t

Soil-moisture

temperature sensor(I2C)

Inclinometer

SCA100t(Analog/SPI)

NS-25(Analog)

http://www.seeedstudio.com/

Grove connector sensor

http://www.disensors.com/product_details.aspx?id=563

Arduino Compatible machine with Grove connector

MPU: Atmega1284P

SDCard、RTC、Xbee Logger

http://www.seeedstudio.com/

MPU: ATmega328P-MU

MPU: 1GHz ARM Cortex™-A8 core ARM7 EJ-S™, GSM, GPRS, Wi-Fi, Bluetooth

BR/EDR/BLE, GPS, Audio codec, and SD card

Wireless sensor networks

Wireless ZigBee BLE Wi-Fi 920MHz

Node number 65535 7 32 1000

Distance < 100 m < 50 m < 100 m > 100 m

Network

Structure

Star

Mesh

Star Star Star

Mesh

Current

Sleep / Send

0.03 μA

/ 30mA

0.4 μA

/ 20mA

0.5 μA

/ 200 mA

0.4 μA

/ 40mA

Outdoor sensor networks by 490MHz wireless

module and Ni-MH battery(Pavan Sikka et al. )

System consisting of a super capacitor and a

Li-ion battery(Alberola et al.)

Wi-Fi Network Protocol module

WSN802G :Murata Manufacturing

CC3000 :Texas Instruments

GS1011M :Gainspan

Edison: Intel

ESP8266:NodeMCU

Power consumption

800mW(Wi-Fi operation)

Wi-Fi module

NodeMCU and Grove

Base Shield

Wi-Fi Network Protocol: 802.11b/g/n

Wi-Fi Encryption Technologies:

WEP/TKIP/AES

Expansion (2x Grove Connectors):

UART0/I2C0/D0, Analog/I2C1/D1

500 MHz Intel Atom

RAM 1GB , Flash 4GB

Wi-Fi, Bluetooth 4.0

http://www.intel.co.jp/content/www/j

p/ja/do-it-yourself/edison.html

Cloud system

・Amazon Web Services (AWS)

・Google Cloud Platform (GCP)

・IBM node-red for bulemix

・Microsoft Azure

・Milk cocoa

・Wio link

・X-domain

・InfluxDB

Visualization of the information

・Visualization of

the information

・Access control to

a database

Grafana

・Chronological order

database

・Automatical statistics

InfluxDB

Data

Reading

Value

Graph

Log

CentOS on GCP

Radiation detection hardware design

n [cpm] / α

→ r [µSv/h]Silicon PIN photodiode

～50cmp/(mSv/h)

Supply voltage

VDD = 3～5 V

Supply current

IDD = 0.6～1 mA

First version(Low power:0.6mA)

Sensor and circuit : 2mW

Farm radiation measurement 2014 June27th

Tablet

“The Lean Awareness in Software-intensive Engineering: Experience from One Project”,

icast 2015, Yilang Wu,Lei Jing, University of Aizu

Android Crowd Data Aggregation

JSON File uploading via HTTP, MySQL, PHP

Data Visualization by Web Server

Wi-Fi connected environmental measurement system

Sensor and circuit : 120mW → 4mW

Microprocessor and network : 3W → 100mW

Battery size: 100Ah → 3Ah

Required Power consumption reduction 1/30

3G WiFi router

Php+MySQL Server

Local WiFi network

PC Data analysis

Small ScaleSolar cell

Home router

Home WiFi network

Internet

Solar cell size ～3W

Iinternet of Tthings (IoT)

Concept

Internet of Things (IoT)

US14500VR2 680mA

Sony Energy Devices

Corporation

Available from -10 ℃ up to 50℃

Charger system by small-scale solar cell

MPU board SODAQ Mbili

3mA (sleep mode)

10mA(counting mode)

Wi-Fi module: Gainspan GS1011M

Voltage 3.0-3.6V

RF output 8 dBm

Communication distance 100 m

Transfer rate 11Mbps

Security WEP, WPA, WPA2

Protocol UDP, TCP, DHCP,

HTTP/HTTPS (IPv4)

Current 150 mA (Wi-Fi operation)

150 uA(Wi-Fi deep sleep )

MySQL database and Php operation

System package and power consumption

Average Power consumption(DC to 100 kHz)

17.9 mWh by Power meter (PW3335, Hioki)

Average current 5 mA at half‐hour intervals

Microprocessor and network : 20mW

Wi-Fi Access LTE/3G router

Measurement system

Experiment from 25 Nov. to1 Dec 2015

Monitoring post

PIN photodiode 45min count

Evaluation and Future work

Lithium iron phosphate battery and 0.8W solar panel

0.8W solar cell and 1.5Ah

battery environmental

measurement moduleExperiment from 25 April to 7 July 2015

IoT type X-rays sensor for medical radiation exposure monitoring

http://www.kawasaki-m.ac.jp/diagnostic-radiology2/sub1.html

IVR(Interventional Radiology) operation

Put a catheter in the body while watching the diagnosed

image by X-rays

○ few burdens to

the patient body and can be operated on exactly.

×Fear of the X-rays

exposure of the healthcare worker

Conventional measuring instrument

Glass badge Pocket dosimeter

× Real time radiation exposure,

chronological order data manage

H27-H28

JST matching planner program

Development and use search of the smartphone

type medical X-rays measurement

Tube voltage 60 - 120 kV

Tube current 25 - 200 mA

Exposure time 0.1 sec.

Principle of the X-ray detection

X-rays incidence → Si-PD pulse electric current → charge amplifier, comparator → pulse voltage

Actual wave pattern in response to a radiation

Edge Computing with the MEMS vibration sensor

Micro Vibration Sensor MVS 0608.02

Adafruit Metro Mini

X-rays dose of radioactivity is detected by

counting a pulse with a microcomputer.

Miss count by the vibration is stopped by

the signal from a vibration detection sensor

Noise reduction of the microcomputer

power supply by the regulator of a sensor

＜50mg

ON 100Ω

＞50mg

OFF 30MΩ

Irradiation experiment

Reference sensor(RaySafe X2)

X-rays sensor

Cooperation: Torec Co., Ltd.

Response characteristics were evaluated by comparing reference detector counts.

Dose rate was measured at tube current 25-400mA

at tube voltage of 160kV, 73msec.

Result of a measurement

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500

Dose[nGy]

Data indication, log file record to the smartphone by the USB-Host function

Wireless between sensor - terminal

920MHz wireless module

+16bit MPUless interference than a 2.4GHz bandSuperior diffraction characteristicsLow consumption

Consumption

current 6mA

46mA (sending)X rays sensor

Communication distance

Corridor Road

Distance (m) 28.2 35.7

Standard deviation 0.2 1.9

Smart Server for IoT Application

http://www.arsjp.com/product/L-one/e-L-

One.html

Consumption current (1data /2 sec )

Power consumption 23.8mWh

IoT type X-rays sensor in operation room

PM2.5 monitoring sensor

http://inovafitness.com/

Sharp Co. DN7C3JA001

Specifications and connection method

Measurement range ：PM2.5 999ug/m3

PM10 1999ug/m3

PM100 20000ug/m3

Arduino Sensor

Smartphone

USBUART

VDD

MPU

Accuracy

GNDRX RX

TXTX

Indication and record software

Value of the

PM2.5 density

>70μg/㎥：Red

>35μg/㎥：Yellow

measurement

time

positional information

at latitude and

longitude

• Client software (Android)

Smartphone-type IoT PM2.5 sensor system

Server

(PHP・MySQLServer

Cloud system with the PM2.5 sensor

Client

(Android terminal)

microUSB

DB

Communications network

(Wi-Fi・3G/4G)

…

Hardware

(microcomputer &

PM2.5 sensor)

Measured value transmission

PM2.5 Measurement

Figure of software constitution

microcomputer

PM2.5 sensor

Software constitution in the PM2.5 measurement

1. Power

supply

2. Control

reading

3. Data

transmission

Client

(Android terminal)

Software

GPS

AndroidOS

positional data

acquisition

5. Log save

4. Data

transmission 5. log transmission

(HTTP)

JSON format

Server

(PHP・MySQL Server)

Php code

Linux

MySQL

6. Data

Upload

Data transmission experiment to DB server

・Method for measurement

Connect Android smartphone to 4G line and push the upload button

Measure in a course of Keio campus - Hiyoshi Station

Visualization result of the positional

information using the indication software

for Windows O.S.

Upload result to MySQL server(PM2.5 density of the

measurement location)

the measurements of the PM2.5 with a date, the time, time zone

(Greenwich Mean Time and the Japan Standard Time, latitude,

longitude

Sensor data are uploaded to DB server

PM2.5 density, acquire (ten seconds), right positional information atre uploaded

Low power consumption PM2.5 sensor module

Controlled by a battery drive base board・ ON/OFF of the power supply of the microcomputer

and sensor by hardware switch.

・RTC is turned on a power supply at the appointed time

Sensor

Battery

Arduino

+SDCard

RTC

Sleep Mode program

Time

Fan Off

Measure

Normal

Sleep

Mode

Current

Reduced the power consumption

electricity by letting the fan off

other than time of measurement

Conception diagram of

Sleep Mode

・Measure once in five minutes

Power consumption of the new sensor module

Measured a consumption electric current

when I applied 5V

Prototype 2：112mA ➡ Prototype 3：0.03mA

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

0 100 200 300 400 500 600Time[sec]

Sensor Module 3

Sensor Module 2/

Pow

er

con

sum

pti

on

cu

rren

t [m

A]

/

Example of solar cell driven sensor module

ESP8266 board (Wi-Fi connection)

PM2.5 measurement of the new sensor module

・ PM2.5 measurement beside the government instrumentation

measurement in the real environment

（ Instrumentation at Kawasaki-city, Kanagawa ）

・The sensor module is driven once in five minutes

・ Comparison in the homepage of the Kanagawa environmental center

・SightseeingInformation

・EnvironmentalInformation

こんにちは ・Depending on the nationality of the

information tag, the local sightseeing

information and the surrounding environmental

information will be communicated accordingly.

（Japanese・English・Chinese）

・The tablet included will display all the

information.（Japanese・English・Chinese）

The sightseeing information can

be freely registered using the

smartphone application.

（Translation functionality is

included）・Environment Sensor

（Heatstroke..）

・Display tablet

・Communication Robot

Japanese Tag English Tag

Chinese Tag

・Nationality Information TagHello

你好

Sightseeing information communication Robot

Multiple Language by wireless tag

Provides spoken sightseeing information while moving（Japanese・English・Chinese）

Change the information language

depending on the wireless tag.

Control the tablet with the tag

本日のおすすめはこちらです。

Today’s recommendations are here.

這是今日的推荐点。

Raspberry Pi Core System

Voice Controller

Web Server

BLE

MotorSpeaker

BLE

Power

Monitor

(Tablet)

BLE Tag

Wi-Fi

Access

Point

Communication robot

Sensor

Smartphone

Arduino

System configuration

Conclusion

• An environmental measurement system was developed using IoT

module, a small solar cell and cloud system.

•Many kinds of analog/digital Sensing module was used with the

Arduino software library.

• Sleep and wakeup strategy controlled by a real-time clock

achieves an low power consumption.

• Communication Robot that provides Local sightseeing information

Was designed by Raspberry Pi Web Server, BLE sensor and Tag.

•We will demonstrate the system in various field in future.

Acknowledgement

Matching planner Program（No. YYN5032) from

Japan. Science and Technology Agency, JST

Kanagawa open innovation project

Gakuji sinkou shikin (A) (Keio Univ.)

Thank you for your attention!

And Questions?