STATISTICAL POCKETBOOK OF BANGLADESH-2013

BANGLADESH BUREAU OF STATISTICS STATISTICS AND INFORMATICS DIVISION (SID), MINISTRY OF PLANNING

Editorial Committee

Chairperson

Mr. Md. Nojibur Rahman

Secretary Statistics and Informatics Division (SID)

Ministry of Planning

Members

Mr. Azizur Rahman : Additional Secretary

Mr. Golam Mostafa Kamal : Director General

Mr. Aminul Bar Chowdhury : Joint Secretary

Mr. Prodip Kumar Saha : Deputy Secretary

Begum Aziza Parvin : Director

Mr. Md. Moniruzzaman : Director

Begum Salima Sultana : Director

Mr. Jafor Ahmed Khan : Director

Mr. Ghose subobrata : Director

Mr. Md. Zahidul Hoque Sardar : Director

Member Secretary

Mr. Abul Kalam Azad : Director

i

3124

STATISTICAL POCKETBOOK

OF BANGLADESH 2013

APRIL 2014

BANGLADESH BUREAU OF STATISTICS

STATISTICS AND INFORMATICS DIVISION (SID), MINISTRY OF PLANNING GOVERNMENT OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF BANGLADESH

www.bbs.gov.bd

This book or any portion thereof cannot be copied, microfilmed or reproduced for commercial purposes. Data therein can, however be used & published with acknowledgement of their sources.

COMPLIMENTARY

ISBN-984-508-791-4

Printed at Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics

Planning Division, Ministry of Planning

Secretary Statistics and Informatics

Division (SID) Ministry of Planning

Government of Bangladesh

Foreword

This is well known to all that statistics plays a vital role in effective and fruitful policy formulation and development planning. Realistic and evidence based policy intervention over the world, thus, requires reliable and precise statistics of the current period. This is more appropriate for Bangladesh where the need of accurate, relevant and timely statistics is greater than ever as the country is now moving forward to graduating as a Middle Income Country in line with Honorable Prime Ministers Vision 2021. The Government has put top most priority on the improvement of living standards of people by taking effective policy on poverty reduction, education, healthcare system, income equality, gender equality and so forth. The findings of Household Income and Expenditure Survey (HIES)-2010 and subsequent analytics reveal that the number of people living under poverty has been reduced to 25% (approximately). None can imagine a little advancement at national or subnational level unless updated statistical data are available. In the International arena, Bangladesh has already been recognized as an active member of the global statistical community and especially as the pro-active participant of the UN Statistical Commission (UNSC). Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics (BBS) has been following the Fundamental Principles of Official Statistics (FPOS) as developed by the UN. It has already expanded the dimension of data collection for official statistics to a great extent under the administrative support and guidance of the Statistics and Informatics Division (SID) of the Ministry of Planning and in close coordination with (a) the field administration at all levels ie, Division, District and Upazila, (b) local government institutions (City corporations, upazilas, pourashavas and union parishads). Some mentionable recent developments of Bangladesh in the field of statistics are: (a) Enactment of Statistics Act 2013 and (b) Adoption of National Strategy for the Development of Statistics (NSDS). In this context, I feel delighted to know that BBS is going to publish the 34

th issue

of the Statistical Pocketbook of Bangladesh. It is worth mentioning that the publication would enrich and harmonize policy making process of the nation and it would, therefore, be a great endeavor on the way to create a prosperous digital Bangladesh. BBS has been experiencing in publishing such an annual publication since 1978. This publication comprises of seventeen chapters in a brief manner and provides most useful summary statistics on area, population,

demographics, socio-economic characteristics of population, education, health, agriculture and other aspect of our country. I would like to convey my sincere thanks to Mr. Golam Mostafa Kamal, Director General of BBS and his colleagues for bringing out this valuable publication. At the same time, I express my expectation for their best efforts to publish the Pocketbook in a much improved form in future. I also appreciate Mr. Md. Aminul Bar Chowdhury NDC, Joint Secretary (Development), and other colleagues in SID as well as the members of the Editors Forum for their meticulous and persistent labour in bringing out this publication. I hope this publication will serve as a valuable source of information on a wide range of socio-economic and demographic issues to our public representatives, policy-makers, officials, planners, researchers, business community, students and all other data users.

Dhaka April, 2014

Md. Nojibur Rahman Secretary

Director General Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics

Statistics and Informatics Division (SID) Ministry of Planning

Government of Bangladesh

QuickTime and aTIFF (LZW) decompressor

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Preface

The Statistical Pocketbook of Bangladesh is a brand publication of Bangladesh Bureau of

Statistics (BBS). It reflects the summary of official statistics produced by Bangladesh

Bureau of Statistics. The publication is small in size but rich in latest information on a

wide range of fields like health and demography, education, trade, export and import, and

so on. The most recent and annually updated data are presented in this publication. It

has, therefore, tremendous demand amongst the people of all classes like learners,

policy makers, researchers, politicians, administrators even the law makers which results

into huge revenue gain of BBS. The Statistical Pocketbook of Bangladesh-2013 is the

latest issue of its kind. In this concise book, information have been organized and

updated in a consistent way chapter by chapter. It is, thus, firmly believed that the

summarized statistical information provided in this Pocketbook will be of immense help

and interest to all stakeholders both at home and abroad.

I acknowledge with sincere gratitude the valuable suggestions and guidance of Mr. Md.

Nojibur Rahman, Secretary, Statistics and Informatics Division (SID) and also like to

thank respected officials of SID for their efforts and contributions during preparation of

this publication. The members of the Editors Forum also deserve special thanks for their

suggestions and comments for the improvement of the publication.

I would like to thank Mr. Abul Kalam Azad, Director, National Accounting Wing, and his

team for their rigorous exercise and valuable contribution in bringing out this publication. I

also appreciate concerned officials and staffs of BBS for their painstaking efforts in

bringing out the publication. The assistance of other governmental departments and non-

governmental organizations, and other stakeholders who have provided relevant

information/data for this publication are gratefully acknowledged.

Valuable comments and constructive suggestions from our users are always welcome for

further improvement of future issues of this popular publication of BBS.

VII

CONTENTS Page

Chapter I

INTRODUCTION

1. An overview .......................................................................... .......... 3-6

2. Some selected basic facts about Bangladesh ................. ............... 7-13

3. Selected general information .........................................................

Fundamental principles of state policy ....................................... 14

Fundamental rights as provided by the constitution................. 15

Fundamental foreign policy of Bangladesh ............................. 15

Organs of the state ................................................................... 16

The judicial system ................................................................... 17

4. Public administration ..................................................................... 18

5. The government ............................................................................. 19-20

6. Ministries and divisions of the government.................................. 21-22

7. Organizational setup of Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics (BBS) 23

8. The national statistical system ........................................................ 24-25

9. Investment scenario in Bangladesh................................................ 26-31

10. Board of Investment (BOI) ............................................................. 32-42

11. Privatization Commission of Bangladesh ...................................... 43-44

12. The Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC).................... 45-46

13. National Energy Policy (NEP) ........................................................ 46-47

14. Private sector power generation policy of Bangladesh................ 48-49

15. Banking system ............................................................................. 50-58

16. Insurance ........................................................................................ 58-64 Chapter II

ENVIRONMENT

2.01 Storm warning signals in Bangladesh ............................................ 67-69

2.02 Wind-speed estimation over land in Bangladesh ........................... 70-71

2.03 Monthly total rainfall in Bangladesh........................................ ........ 72-73

2.04 Monthly average minimum temperature in Bangladesh................ 74-75

2.05 Monthly average maximum temperature in Bangladesh............... 76-77

2.06 Monthly average normal rainfall in Bangladesh in selected station 78

2.07 Standard minimum normal temperature in Bangladesh ................. 79

2.08 Standard maximum normal temperature in Bangladesh ................ 80

2.09 Water level of major rivers at selected stations of

Bangladesh.......

81

2.10 Physiography of Bangladesh .......................................................... 82

2.11 Land type of Bangladesh ................................................................ 83 2.12 Agro-ecological zone of Bangladesh .......................................... 84

VIII

Chapter III

AREA, POPULATION, HOUSEHOLD AND HOUSING CHARACTERISTICS

3.01 Administrative units by zila, 2011 ................................................... 87-89

3.02 Zila-wise household and population of Bangladesh, 2011 ............ . 90-92

3.03 Household and population of municipalities, 2011 ........................ . 93-106

3.04 Household and population of statistical metropolitan areas in

Bangladesh.................................................................. ..................

107-109

3.05 Upazilla/thana-wise area, household and population of

Bangladesh, 2001 and 2011 ...........................................................

110-129

3.06 Percentage distribution of population by marital status and age

group .. ...........................................................................................

130

3.07 Mean age at marriage by sex, 1982 to 2011 .................................. 131

3.08 Crude death rate (CDR) by residence, 1996 to 2011 ..................... 132

3.09 Crude birth rate (CBR) by residence, 1996 to 2011 ....................... 132

3.10 Infant mortality rate (IMR) per 1000 live birth, 2005 to 2011 .......... 133

3.11 Natural growth rate (CBR-CDR) by residence, 2005 to 2011 ......... 133

3.12 Maternal mortality ratio (MMR) ,1998 to 2011 ................................ 133

3.13 Life expectancy at birth by sex ....................................................... 134

3.14 Abridged life table for Bangladesh population by sex, 2010 135

3.15 Ethnic household and population by zila, 2011.................... .......... 136-137

3.16 Disable person by type of household and disability, 2011 .......... 138

3.17 Intercensal growth rates of population, 1901-2011................ ........ 139

3.18 Disable person by age group and sex, 2011......................... ......... 140

3.19 Households reporting rural transport and operation period ............ 140

3.20 Household reporting reading newspaper, hearing radio,

watching television and using internet................................... ......

141

3.21 Household reporting latrine............. ............................................... 141

3.22 Household reporting source of light ................................................ 141

3.23 Household reporting cooking fuel .................................................. 141

3.24 Projected population by sex and urban and rural residence on

the assumption................................................ .........

142-144

IX

Chapter IV

LABOUR AND MANPOWER

4.01 Key findings of Labour Force Survey, 2010..................... ............. 147-151

4.02 Working age population by broad economic category............. ... . 152

4.03 Labour force aged 15 Years and over by administrative division . 153

4.04 Labour force aged 15 years and over by level of education ......... 154

4.05 Labour force participation rate by age group and sex........ .......... 155

4.06 Employed persons aged 15 years and over by major occupation 156

4.07 Growth rate of major occupation between, 2005-06 & 2010.... ... . 157

4.08 Average weekly hours work by occupation of employed persons

aged 15 years and above ..................................................... .......

157

4.09 Annual average growth rate of employed persons by .................. 158

4.10 Employed persons aged 15 years and over by average weekly

hours worked and industries.........................................................

159

4.11 Average weekly hours worked of employed persons aged 15

years and over by status in employment .....................................

160

4.12 Day labourers by weekly income by sex..................................... ... 161-162

4.13 Salaried workers by monthly income by sex ................................ 163-164

4.14 Unemployment rate of population aged 15 years and over

by sex and residence ....................................................................

165

4.15 Youth labour force aged 15-29 years by broad economic category 165

4.16 Youth labour force aged 15-29 years by broad economic category 166

4.17 Youth labour force aged 15-29 years by division ........................... 166

4.18 Employed youths aged 15-29 years by major occupation .............. 167

4.19 Employment youths ages 15-29 years by status in employment 168

4.20 Comparative manpower statements of the ministries/division,

departments /directorates ...............................................................

169

4.21 Class wise number of female officers and staff.............................. 170

4.22 Class wise manpower of civil officers and staff .............................. 170

4.23 Overseas employment in 2013 ................................................. ...... 171-172

4.24 Category wise overseas employment ............................................ 173

4.25 Growth of RMG in Bangladesh................................................ ...... . 174

X

Chapter V

AGRICULTURE

5.01 Key findings of different Agriculture Censuses........................ 177-178

5.02 Basic information of Agriculture Sample Survey, 2008............. 179-186

5.03 Selected agirculture statistics by division and district/zila........... 187-189

5.04 Selected agriculture statistics by division and district/zila........... 190-192

5.05 Selected agriculture statistics by division and district/zila........... 193-195

5.06 Selected agriculture statistics by division and district/zila........... 196-198 5.07 Population in dwelling units and population engaged in

agricultural work by sex and age Group.........

199

5.08 Population engaged in agricultural work classified by area size

of holdings ................

200-201

5.09 Land utilization statistics........... 202

5.10 Acreage, production and yield rate of major agricultural crops 203

5.11 Acreage and production of minor cereals 204

5.12 Sowing and harvesting period of important crops 205

5.13 Production of fruits ................................................................ 206

5.14 Flowering and harvesting period of main fruits ......................... 206

5.15 Production of vegetables ....................................................... 207

5.16 Sowing and harvesting period of important vegetables ............. 208

5.17 Production of spices .............................................................. 208

5.18 Production of oilseeds ........................................................... 209

5.19 Production of pulses .............................................................. 209

5.20 Area irrigated by different methods ......................................... 210

5.21 Area irrigated under different crops ......................................... 210

5.22 Cold storage by location & capacity ......................................... 211

5.23 Forest lands under the control of forest department ................. 212

5.24 Output of forest products (reserve forest) ................................ 213

5.25 Output from farm forest .......................................................... 213

5.26 Forestation/plantation progress .............................................. 214

5.27 Species/group-wise annual fish production in inland and marine

fisheries, 2011-2012..............................................

214

5.28 Internal procurement of food grain . ................. 215

5.29 Public food distribution system .............................................. 215

XI

Chapter VI

INDUSTRY

6.01 Indices of industrial production (manufacturing)...... .................. . 219

6.02 Some productivity indices of industrial labour in selected................... 220

6.03 Production of selected industrial items .......................................... 221-222

6.04 Structure of jute manufacturing industry ......................................... 223

6.05 Production of jute goods in Bangladesh and India ........................ 223

6.06 Structure of cotton textile industry .................................................. 224

6.07 Production of natural gas, fertilizer and chemicals ......................... 224

Chapter VII

ENERGY

7.01 Indicators of Energy Sector ............................................................ 227

7.02 Generation of electricity (Million KWH) by type of fuel ................... 238

7.03 Maximum demand for electricity .................................................... 238

7.04 Consumption of electricity by category ........................................... 229

7.05 Sector-wise number of consumers of rural electricity..................... 229

7.06 Sector-wise consumption (MWH) of rural electricity ..................... 230

7.07 Per capita electricity generation and consumption ......................... 230

7.08 Natural gas reserves and production in Bangladesh ...................... 231

7.09 Main natural gas transmission lines ............................................... 232

7.10 Category wise number of new gas connection................................. 233

7.11 Quantity and value of production of natural gas by gas fields 233

7.12 ERL production during last five years ............................................. 234

7.13 Item-wise production of petroleum products .................................. 235

7.14 Import of crude oil and petroleum products .................................... 236

7.15 Export performance last four years ................................................ 236

7.16 Sale of petroleum products last four year........................ ............... 237

7.17 Sector wise use of petroleum products last five years ................... 237

7.18 Import of coal and coke from some selected countries .................. 238

7.19 Consumption of commercial energy by major sources in trillion BTU 238

7.20 Consumption of commercial energy by major sources ..... ............ 238

7.21 Sector wise final consumption of commercial energy in trillion BTU 239

7.22 Sector wise final consumption of commercial energy .................... 239

7.23 Energy supplied by traditional fuels in the unorganized sectors ..... 240

XII

Chapter VIII

TRANSPORT AND COMMUNICATION

8.01 Transport, storage and communications............................ ......... 243-244

8.02 Length of RHD road network as per road type ............................ 245

8.03 Roads maintained by local government institutions .................... 246

8.04 Major road links between Dhaka to other districts ....................... 247-248

8.05 Vehicles on road by type ............................................................. 249

8.06 Regionwise number of telephones .............................................. 249

8.07 Bangladesh Betar stations and frequencies used ....................... 250

8.08 Bangladesh television station and frequencies used ................... 251

8.09 Postal rates for selected countries (air mail) ............................... 252

8.10 Dredging activities by IWTA and BWDB .................................... 253

8.11 Number of hajis to Makkah from Bangladesh ............................. 253

8.12 Monthly arrival of tourists in Bangladesh .................................... 254

8.13 Passports issued ......................................................................... 254

8.14 Number of launch and ferry ghats of IWTA by districts. .............. 255 Chapter IX

FOREIGN TRADE

9.01 Indicators of the foreign trade sector ........................................... 259 9.02 Balance of Payments .................................................................. 260 9.03 Foreign Trade ............................................................................. 261 9.04 Direction of Export (f.o.b.) by selected countries ......................... 262 9.05 Direction of Import (c.i.f.) by selected countries .......................... 263 9.06 Exports of principal commodities ................................................. 264 9.07 Imports (c.i.f.) by broad commodity groups ................................ 265-267 9.08 Quantity of export of selected items ............................................ 268 9.09 Quantity of import of selected items ............................................ 268 9.10 Exports by end use and institutional accounts ............................ 269 9.11 Imports by end use and institutional accounts ............................. 270 9.12 Export (f.o.b.) prices per unit of selected commodities.... ........... 271 9.13 Import (c.i.f.) prices per unit of selected commodities...... ........... 271 9.14 Unit price index of exports ........................................................... 272 9.15 Unit price index of import ..................... ....................................... 272 9.16 Export and import tonnage handled at the ports of Chittagong

and Mongla.................... .............................................................

273 9.17 Quantity and value of jute goods and raw jute exported to

foreign countries.................... ..................................................... 273

9.18 Exports as a percentage of imports............................ ................ . 274 9.19 Export of primary and manufactured commodities ........ ............. 275 9.20 Export by traditional and non-traditional items ...... ..................... 276 9.21 Bangladesh export to SAARC countries ................. .................... 277

XIII

Chapter X

NATIONAL ACCOUNTS FINANCE AND BANKING

10.01 Indicators of National Accounts .............................................. 281-282

10.02 Gross Domestic Product, sectoral share and growth rate at

current prices by broad industry sector .

283 10.03 Gross Domestic Product, sectoral share and growth rate at

constant prices (1995-96) by broad industry sector ....................

284

10.04 Investment-GDP ratio................................................. ............... 285

10.05 Saving-GDP ratio (at current price) ............................................. 286

10.06 Gross National Products at current prices . .. 287

10.07 Sectoral shares of GDP at current prices..................................... 288 10.08 Gross National Products of Bangladesh at constant (1995-

96) prices .......................................................................

289-290

10.09 Sectoral shares of GDP at constant (1995-96) prices................... 291

10.10 Annual growth of GDP by sectors(1995-96) prices...................... 292

10.11 Expenditure based Gross Domestic Product at current prices.... 293

10.12 Expenditure based Gross Domestic Product at constant prices ... 294

10.13 Indicators of finance and banking ......................................... ... 295-296

10.14 Government resources by sources ............................................ 297

10.15 Consolidated receipts and expenditure ...................................... 398

10.16 Revenue receipts by principal heads.......................................... 399

10.17 Economic classification of revenue budgets............................... 300

10.18 Revenue expenditure by functions ............................................ 301

10.19 Development expenditure by sectors ........................................ 302 10.20 Economic classification of development expenditure by

investment and non investment .................................................

303

10.21 Government Gross Fixed Capital Formation................................ 304

10.22 Money supply and foreign exchange reserves............................ 305

10.23 Growth of bank credit and bank deposits.................................... 305

10.24 Bank advances by main economic purposes............................... 306

10.25 Division-wise distribution of bank deposit and advance.............. 306 10.26 Bank deposits and advances by selected zilawise urban areas

according to volume of transactions ..........................................

307

10.27 Advances classified by sector (all banks)..................................... 308

10.28 Commitment and disbursement of foreign aid .......................... 309

10.29 Commitment and disbursement of foreign aid by principal......... .. 310

10.30 Debt-service payments on foreign loans..................................... 311

XIV

Chapter XI

PRICES AND WAGES

11.01 Wage rate indices by major sector in Bangladesh ....................... 315

11.02 Annual average wholesale prices of selected consumer goods

in Dhaka .......................................................................................

316

11.03 Annual average retail prices of selected consumer goods ........... 317-325

11.04 Annual average price of jute and jute goods ................................ 326

11.05 Annual average price of hides, skins and tanned leather in Dhaka 327

11.06 Harvest time market price of agricultural crops ........................... 328-329

11.07 Prices of selected building materials in Dhaka .............. .............. 330

11.08 Daily average wage rates of selected industrial workers in Dhaka 331

11.09 Daily average wages rates of construction labour in Dhaka ......... 332

11.10 Government procurement prices for rice, paddy, wheat and

sugarcane .....................................................................................

332

11.11 Consumer Price Index (CPI), national.............................. ............ 333

11.12 Consumer Price Index (CPI), all rural............................. .............. 334

11.13 Consumer Price Index (CPI), all urban ........................................ 335

11.14 Wage Rate Indices (WRI) of Bangladesh.............................. ....... 336 11.15 Consumer Price Index of industrial workers at Chittagong, Khulna

and Narayanganj ..........................................................................

337

11.16 Construction materials price indices in Bangaldesh.............. ....... 338

11.17 Indices of cost of building construction in Bangladesh, Barisal

Dhaka, Chittagong, Khulna, Rajshahi, Sylhet........... ......................

338-341

11.18 Index of Wholesale Price of agricultgural and industrial products 342 11.19 House rent indices for private residential house for different

centres in Bangladesh ..................................................................

343 Chapter XII

EDUCATION

12.01 Indicators of education system in Bangladesh ............................. 347

12.02 Number of primary level educational institutions, teachers and

students ........................................................................................

348

12.03 Number of secondary schools, teachers and enrolment ............. 349

12.04 Number of attached primary section, student and teacher ........... 350

12.05 Number of colleges type of management and sex ....................... 351-352

12.06 Results of Madrasha Education Board .......................... .............. 353 12.07 Number of sanskrit and pali tols with teachers and students ....... 353 12.08 Number of madrasha (Dhakil to Kamil) by type and sex .............. 354

XV

12.09 Board-wise number of students appeared and passed in SSC

examinations ..........................................................................

355

12.10 Board-wise number of students appeared and passed in HSC

examinations ..........................................................................

3 56

12.11 Results of technical education by group ................................. 357

12.12 Comparative statistics of JSC& JDC examination................. 358

12.13 Number of professional educational institution by type gender

and management.................................................. .................

359

12.14 Number of teachers in teacher educational institution ........... 360

12.15 Number of institution, teacher and enrolment by type ............ 361

12.16 Education and literacy rate ..................................................... 362

12.17 Literacy rates of population of 7 years and above by zila ....... 363-364

12.18 Number of students and teachers of public universities.... .... 365-366

12.19 Number of students of private universities......................... .... 367-368

Chapter XIII

HEALTH, FAMILY PLANNING AND SOCIAL STATISTICS

13.01 Indicators of the health and family planning sector............... 371-372

13.02 Primary healthcare centers run by DGHS at the upazila level 373

13.03 Distribution of secondary and tertiary public hospitals under

the DGHS by division. ................

374

13.04 Number of beds, admissions, hospital deaths, outdoor visits

bed occupancy rate ..................................................

375-376 13.05 Distribution Number of beds wards cabins and operation

theatres in some private hospital...................................... ......

377 13.06 Distribution of family planning aids through government

programme ..........................................................................

378

13.07 Number of newspapers published.......................... ............ 378

13.08 Number of cinema halls and production of films by type ........ 379

13.09 Number of books published by language ................ ........... 379

13.10 Number of crimel statistics............. ........................................ 380-381

13.11 Distribution of ever uses contraceptives by age of woman and

method of contraceptive used................................... ..

382 13.12 Distribution of contraceptives uses of currently married women

by age................................................ ...................

382

13.13 Contraceptive prevalence rate by method and residence ..... 383

13.14 Contraceptive prevalence rate by residence ........................ 383

13.15 Contraceptive uses trend by 2005-2011 ............................. 384

XVI

13.16 Contraceptive method mix with respect to modern method.... 384

13.17 Proportion morbidity and prevalence of morbidity per 1000

population form top 20 symptoms/diseases, some with joint

scores by sex; June-August, 2000 ........................... ...................

385

13.18 Under five (

XVII

14.13 Net availability & per capita consumption of some selected food items ............................................................................. ...

409-412

14.14 Per capita availability of cloth ......................................................... 413

14.15 Per capita availability of selected items .......................................... 414

14.16 Number and proportion of population below recommended calorie

intake and "hardcore" poverty lines by residence ...........................

415

14.17 Per capita day intake of major food item (in grams) by residence

HIES ...........................

416

14.18 Anthropometry (Underweight, Standing, Wasting and

Obesity)findings among................................................. .................

417

14.19 Low MUAC among children aged 12-59 months by area of

residence and sex, 2005................................................ .................

418

14.20 Arsenic level in household drinking water........ ............................... 418

14.21 Disease control and healthy environment associations of child

nutritional status, 2005.................................... ................................

419

14.22 Mean age, weight, hight MUAC and BMI of non-pregnant mothers

by area of residence......................................... ..............................

420

14.23 Nutritional status of non-pregnant adolescent mothers by area of

residence, 2005........................................ ......................................

420

14.24 Maternal nutritional status by area of residence, 2005. .................. 421 14.25 Prevalence of moderate and severe malnutrition in children aged

XVIII

15.07 Retail Price Indices relating to living expenditures of United

Nations officials in selected countries ................................... .

436

15.08 World land utilization statistics .............................................. . 437

15.09 Selected foreign currency equivalents to Bangladeshi Taka 438 Chapter XVI

SOME USEFUL INFORMATION

Addresses of Bangladesh representatives abroad.... ........ 441-448

List of approved concurrent accreditation............ .............. 449

Addresses of diplomatic corps in Bangladesh....... ............ 450-464

International organizations located in Dhaka .......... .......... 465-468

Some important places for visit in and around Dhaka..... .. 469

Some major tourist spots of Bangladesh........................... 469-472

Some important newspapers of Bangladesh................ ..... 473-475

Some TV chennels of Bangladesh .................................... 476-478 Name and address of some hospitals/clinics in and

around Dhaka............................................................ ........

479-483 Name and address of some important aid agencies

working in Bangladesh............................................. ..........

484-485 Name and address of telephone companies in Dhaka ...... 486 Name and address of some airlines office in Dhaka..... .... 487-490 Some hotels in Bangladesh...................................... ......... 491-494 Selected Tourist Information: Passport and visa requirements ........................................ 495-500 Airport embarkation fees .................................................... 500 Health regulations .............................................................. 500 Currency regulations .......................................................... 500 Airport facilities ................................................................... 500 Export of souvenirs ............................................................ 501 Some information baggage rules ....................................... 501-503 Declaration of foreign exchange ........................................ 503 Electricity ........................................................................... 503 Prevailing telephone charges(BTCL) ................................. 504-505 Water supply ...................................................................... 505 Rules of driving vehicles .................................................... 505 Taxi fare ............................................................................. 506 For taxi cab private.................................................... ....... 506 For CNG auto rickshaw.............................................. ....... 506 Chapter XVII

STATISTICAL PRINCIPLES AND ACTS

Fundamental Principles of Official Statistics .............................. 509-518 Price list of selected publications of BBS ............................ ...... 519-522

XIX

Some Units of Measurement

1 maund = 82.29 lb = 37.3241 kg

1 kg = 1.0716916 seer = 2.2046226 lb.

1 acre = 0.404686 Hectare

1 bale of jute = 0.1814369 Metric Ton

1 crore = 10 million

1 lakh = 0.1 million

1 mile = 1.6093 Kilometre

1 kilometre = 0.6213712 mile

1 square mile = 2.589988 sq. kilometre

1 square kilometre = 0.3861022 sq. mile

Abbreviations and Notations

(...) = Nil or Insignificant

Sr. = Seer

Md. = Maund

MT = Metric Ton

Kg = Kilogram

Tk./tk. = Taka

(p) = Provisional

$ = U.S. Dollar

Lbs. = Pound (weight)

Cft. = Cubic feet

Sq. = Square

Yd. = Yard

(e) = Estimated

(r) = Revised

n.r. = Not reported

n.a. = Not available

BBS = Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics

H/H = Household

ERL = Eastern Refinery Ltd

RMG = Readymade Garments

HIES = House Hold Income & Expenditure Survey

BANBEIS = Bangladesh Bureau of Educational

Information and Statistics KWH = Kilowatt hours MWH = Megawatt hours MICS = Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey

1

1

Chapter I

INTRODUCTION

2

3

3

AN OVERVIEW

General

Bangladesh emerged as an independent and sovereign country in

1971 following a nine-months war of liberation. It is one of the largest

deltas of the world with a total area of 147,570 sq. km. With a unique

communal harmony, Bangladesh has a population of about 152.25

(million) as on July-2012 based on population Census making it one of

the densely populated countries of the world. The majority (about 88.8%)

of the people are Muslim & over 98% of the people speak Bangla.The

country is covered with a network of rivers and canals forming a maze of

interconnecting channels.

Being an active partner, Bangladesh plays a vital participatory role

in many international and regional forums, particularly in the UN,

Commonwealth and South Asian Association of Regional Cooperation

(SAARC).

History

Bangladesh has a glorious history and rich heritage. Once it was

known as Sonar Bangla or The Golden Bengal. The territory now

constituting Bangladesh was under Muslim rule for over five and a half

centuries from 1201 to 1757 AD. Subsequently, it came under British rule

following the defeat of the sovereign ruler, Nawab Sirajuddaula, at the

battle of Palassey on 23 June, 1757. The British ruled over the Indian

sub-continent including this territory for nearly 190 years from 1757 to

1947. During that period, Bangladesh was a part of the British Indian

provinces of Bengal and Assam. With the termination of British rule in

August 1947, the sub-continent was partitioned into India and Pakistan.

4

Bangladesh became a part of Pakistan and was called East Pakistan. It

remained under Pakistani rule for about 24 years from August 14, 1947

to March 25, 1971.

Bangladesh was liberated on December 16, 1971 following its victory in

the War of Liberation and appeared on the world map as an independent

and sovereign country.

There is an elected single-house Parliament in Bangladesh, known

as the House of the Nation (Bangladesh Jatiya Sangshad), in which the

legislative power of the Republic is vested. The Speaker presides over

the Parliament. The Prime Minister is the leader of the House, who is

also the Head of the Government, while the President is the Head of the

State. Bangladesh has a general election every five years .

Foreign policy marked by the State shall base its international relations on the principles of respect for national sovereignty and

equality, non-interference in the internal affairs of other countries,

peaceful settlements of international disputes, and respect for

international law and the principles enunciated in the United Nations

Charter.

Culture

Bangladesh is heir to a rich cultural legacy. In two thousand or

more years of its chequered history, many illustrious

dynasties of kings and Sultans (Muslim Kings) ruled the country and

have left their mark in the shape of magnificent cities and monuments.

Apart from this, the century old cultural tradition can be observer in

innumerable tangible and intangible heritages in archaeological sites,

sculptures, stones and terracotta, architectures, museums, archives,

libraries, classical music, songs and dance, paintings, dramas, folk arts,

festivals, games as well as also in ethnic cultural activities.

5

5

The people of Bangladesh are very simple and friendly. Sound

communal harmony among the different religions in this country has

ensured a very congenial atmosphere. More than 75% of the population

live in rural areas. Urbanisation has, however, been rapid in the last few

decades.

Economy Bangladesh has an agrarian economy, although the share of

agriculture to GDP has been decreasing over the last few years. Yet it

dominates the economy accommodating the major rural labour force.

From a marketing point of view, Bangladesh has been following a mixed

economy that operates on free market principles.

Health system in Bangladesh

Bangladesh has made significant progress in recent times in

many of its social development indicators particularly in the health sector.

The country has made important gains in providing primary health care

since the Alma Ata Declaration in 1978. Health indicators show steady

gains in many respects and the health status of the population has

improved. Infant, maternal and under-five mortality rates have all

decreased over the last decades, with a marked increase in life

expectancy at birth. It has achieved a credible record of sustaining 90%

plus vaccine coverage in routine EPI along with NIDs (National

Immunizations Days) since 1995. But some of this progress is uneven

and there still exists inequalities between different groups and

geographical regions. A major constraint identified towards reaching the

MDGs and other national health goals is shortages in the health

workforce and the uneven skill mix. Like most transitional societies, a

wide range of therapeutic choices are available in Bangladesh, ranging

from self- care to traditional and western medicine. The public sector is

6

largely used for in-patient and preventive care while the private sector is

used mainly for outpatient curative care. Primary Health Care (PHC) has

been chosen by the Government of Bangladesh as a strategy to achieve

the goals of Health for All which is now being implemented as

Revitalized Primary Health Care. In Bangladesh, the status of healthcare

is similar to many developing countries: medical practitioners in

Bangladesh often operate in relative isolation, dealing with diverse health

care needs. Tertiary care hospitals are also concentrated within the

capital and few other major cities.

Forest

Of the total area of Bangladesh, agricultural land makes up 65%

of its geographic surface, forest lands account for almost 17%, while

urban areas are 8% of the area. Water and other land use account for

the remaining 10%. The total forestland includes classified and

unclassified state lands and homestead forests and tea/rubber gardens.

The Hill Forest is mainly situated in Khagrachari, Bandarban and Sylhet.

The total area of the Hill Forest is 670,000 hectare which accounts for

44% of the total area managed by the Forest Department and is 4.54% of

total area of Bangladesh. Sundarban, the worlds largest contiguous

natural mangrove forest in Bangladesh covers an area of 6,017 sq. km

which accounts for 4.07% of total area of Bangladesh and 40% of total

area managed by the Forest Department. The Forestry sector contributes

about 2% of the total GDP (Gross Domestic Product) of Bangladesh.

About 2% (two percent) of the total manpower of the country is engaged

in the forestry sector.

Source: http://www.moedu.gov.bd/

SOME SELECTED BASIC FACTS ABOUT BANGLADESH

7

7

1. Official Name: The Peoples Republic of Bangladesh 2. State Religion: Islam but other main religions namely

Hinduism, Buddhism, Christianity are practised in peace and harmony.

3. State Language: Bangla.

4. National Anthem: The first ten lines of Amar Sonar Bangla. written by Nobel Laureate Rabindranath Tagore.

5. National Flag: Consists of a circle coloured red throughout its area, resting on a green rectangular background. The length to width ratio of the rectangle is 10:6 and the circle has a radius of one fifth of the length.

6. National Emblem: The national flower "Shapla" (nymphea-nouchali) resting on water,

having on each side an ear of paddy and being surmounted by three connected leaves of jute with two stars on each side of the leaves.

7. Capital: Dhaka

8. Nationality: Bangladeshi

9. Name of Currency: Taka (TK), Denominations: Notes:Taka 1000,500,100,50,20,10,5,2&1 Coins: Taka 5, 2,1 and Paisa 50, 25, 10,

5, 2 &1

10. Geographical Location: Between 20o

34' and 26o38' north

latitude and between 88o01' and 92

o41'

east longitude.

11. Boundary: North: India West: India South: Bay of Bengal East: India and Myanmar

12. Area: 56977 sq. miles or 147570 sq. km.

13. Territorial Water: 200 nautical miles.

8

14. (a) Administrative and other units:

Units Number Average Population,2011

In thousand (Enumerated) Division 7 24007.28

Zila 64 2250.68

Thana/Upazila 544 264.79 Union 4543 31.71 Mouza 56348 2.56 Household 32173630 4.44(nos.) Source: BBS

(b) Administrative units as on 31st December, 2013

Units Number

Division 7 Zila 64 City Corporation 11 Municipalities 317 Upazila 487 Thana 624 Union 4,571 Source: LGRD Ministry and police headquarters.

15. (a) Population data as per SVRS Report (in million) 1

st July09 1

st July-10 1

st July 2011

Total 146.7 148.6 150.6 Male 75.1 76.1 77.1 Female 71.6 72.5 73.5 Urban 37.4 38.5 39.0 Rural 109.3 110.1 111.6 Annual Growth Rate 1.36 1.36 1.37 Sex ratio (males per 100 females) 105.0 104.9 104.9 Density (per sq. km) 993 1007 1021 Life expectancy at birth: Both sex 67.2 67.7 69.0 Male 66.1 66.6 67.9 Female 68.7 68.8 70.3 (b) Projected Population (million) July, 2011 July 2015 July 2019 Total 151.41 158.96 167.37 Male 77.85 81.63 85.86 Female 73.56 77.33 81.51 Sex ratio: (males per 100 females) 106.00 106.00 105.34

9

9

16. Population of City Corporations: 2006

2007

2008 (Estimated)

Dhaka 6475252 6732968 7000940

Chittagong 2438403 2532421 2579107

Khulna 830454 842995 855650

Rajshahi 447031 459682 472775

Barisal 205166 195955 210374

Sylhet 394119 427265 463198

17. Main Seasons : Summer (March-May), Rainy Season (June-September) and Winter (December-February)

18. Climatic Variations (Average):

Season Temperature Rainfall Relative

Humidity maximum minimu

m

Pre Monsoon 32.6oC 22.4

oC 453 mm 74%

Monsoon 31.5oC 25.5

oC 1733 mm 86%

Post Monsoon 30.5oC 21.4

oC 210 mm 80%

Winter 26.5oC 13.9

oC 44 mm 73%

Annual 30.4oC 21.2

oC 203 mm 78%

19. Standard Time : GMT+6 hours

20. Principal Rivers : Padma, Meghna, Jamuna, Brahmaputra,

Teesta, Surma and Karnaphuli

(Total 310 rivers including tributaries)

21. Principal Seasonal

Crops and Fruits : Paddy, jute, wheat, tobacco, pulses, oil

seeds, spices, vegetables, jack-fruit, banana

mango, coconut.

10

22. Principal Industries: Readymade garments, textiles, chemical fertilizers, pharmaceuticals, tea processing, paper & Newsprints, cement, light engineering, sugar, leather goods etc.

23. Principal Minerals: Natural gas, Coal, Lime, White clay, Glass sand.

24. Principal Exports: Readymade garments & knitwear, frozen fish, jute & jute goods, pharmaceutical products, tea, leather products, handicrafts, chemicals.

25. Ports: Sea ports: Chittagong and Mongla. Inland river ports: Dhaka,Chandpur, Barisal, Khulna, Baghabari,Narayanganj, Bhairab Bazar, Ashuganj.

26. Airports: International: Dhaka, Chittagong and Sylhet. Domestic: Dhaka, Chittagong, Jessore, Sylhet, Cox's Bazar, Sayedpur, Rajshahi and Barisal.

27. Landports: Benapole, Teknaf, Banglabandha, Sonamasjid,Nakugaon, Bilonia, Hilli, Darshana, Birol, Burimari, Tamabil, Haluaghat, Akhaura, Bibirbazar, Bhomra, Gobrakora & Karaitoli.

28. Radio Stations: Dhaka, Chittagong, Khulna,Rajshahi, Rangpur, Sylhet, Rangamati, Comilla and Thakurgaon. Broadcasting Programmes (languages): Bangla, English, Urdu, Hindi, Arabic and Nepali.

29. Television Stations: Dhaka, Chittagong.

Relay Stations : Chittagong, Sylhet, Khulna, Natore,

Mymensingh, Rangpur, Noakhali, Satkhira,

Cox's Bazar, Rangamati and Thakurgaon.

30. Television Channels:

Terrestrial: BTV. Satellite: BTV-World, Channel-I, NTV, ATN Bangla, RTV, Bangla Vision, Boishakhi TV, Islamic TV, Desh TV, ETV, Diganto TV, Masranga TV, Bijoy TV, Mohona TV, Chanel 9,ATN News, Independent TV, Somoy TV, Sangsad TV, GTV, Chanel 24, Ekattor TV, SATV & Asian TV.

11

11

31.A Educational institutions: 2010 2011 2012

Public Universities 31 34 34

Private Universities 51 52 60

Govt. Medical colleges 18 21 23

Private Medical colleges 30 42 48

General Colleges 3324 3475 3547

Govt. Polytechnic Institutes 46 46 46

Private Polytechnic Institutes 125 125 172

Secondary Schools 19040 19070 19208

Govt. Secondary Schools 312 317 318

Primary Schools 78685 78685 104017 Source: University Grants Commission & BANBEIS.

31. B Educational enrolments: 2010 2011 2012

Public University enrolment 1736887* 2170472 1890543

College enrolment 2394275 2915851 3044320

Secondary School enrolment 7465774 7510218 77937235

Primary School enrolment 16955789 16955789 19003210 Source: BANBEIS,

32. Health Facilities : 2010 2011 2012

Hospitals *(Govt & nongovt Reg with

DGHS)

3084 3549 4169

Hospital beds 81876 95103 91106

Persons per hospital bed 1340 1574 1699

Registered physicians 53063 58977 64434

Persons per physicians 2682 2586 3297

Note: *(Including 402 Upazila Health Complex and Rural Health Complex) Latest data are not available from respective sources.

Source: DG of Health.

12

33. Gross Domestic Product

(GDP )base year 1995-96

2010-11 2011-12 2012-13(P)

at 1995-96 constant price (billion

taka )

3850 4091 4337

at current price (billion taka) 7967 9181 10380

Per capita GDP (in taka) 25730 26986 28237

at 1995-96 constant price (in taka) 53238 60571 67577

at current price (in US$) 748 766 838

Per capita income (in Taka) 58083 66463 74380

at current price (in US$) 816 848 923

Implicit GDP deflator 206.91 224.46 239.32

Real GDP growth (%) 6.71 6.23 6.03

34. Electricity 2010-11 2011-12 2012-13 Per capita Generation (KWH) 211.86 231.65 248.89 Per capita Consumption (KWH) 180.08 197.72 213.15

35. Energy production index (Base: 1988-89=100)

Electricity 478 512 - Natural gas 481 506 - 36. Industrial production index

(manufacturing) (Base: 1988-89=100)

570

621

- 37. Consumer Price Indices

(Base: 2005-06=100)

National 156.59 170.19 181.73 All Urban 151.36 164.52 177.71 All Rural 159.41 173.26 183.90

38. Money and Credit (billion Taka)

2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 2012-13

Money supply (Narrow) 664.27 879.88 1031.01 1097.21 1236.03

Money supply (Broad) 2965.00 3630.31 4405.20 5171.10 6035.05 Scheduled Banks time deposits

2300.73 2750.43 3374.19 4073.88 4799.02

Note: (P)=Provisional.

13

13

39. Govt. finance (billion Taka) 2010-11 2011-12 2012-13

Revenue receipt 951.87 1183.85 1396.70 Revenue expenditure 831.77 1029.03 1116.75

Public sector development expenditure 328.30 348.50 476.53

Foreign exchange reserve (million US $) 10911.60 10364.4 15315.20

40. Foreign Direct investment (FDI)inflows

(In million uss)

2010-11 2011-12 2012-13

Equity Capital 249.95 454.10 761.03

Re-invested Earnings 445.19 542.35 645.64

Intra-company Loans 83.90 198.43 323.96

Total 779.04 1194.88 1730.63

41. Foreign trade (billion Taka) (billion US $) 2005-06 Export (fob) 691.95 10.3

Import (cif) 962.34 14.3

2006-07 Export (fob) 850.31 12.3

Import (cif) 1118.66 16.2

2007-08 Export (fob) 963.79 14.05

Import (cif) 1496.72 21.82

2008-09 Export (fob) 974.98 14.17

Import (cif) 1548.23 22.50

2009-10 Export (fob) 1021.48 14.77

Import (cif) 1642.41 23.74

2010-11 Export (fob) 1444.31 20.29

Import (cif) 2400.28 33.73

2011-12 Export (fob) 1803.13 22.80

Import (cif) 2809.63 35.52

2012-13 Export (fob) 1894.37 24.36

Import (cif) 2707.76 34.82

Source: Bangladesh Bank & National Board of Revenue.

14

FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES OF STATE POLICY

(1) The principles of nationalism, socialism, democracy and

secularism, together with the principles derived from those as set out in this

Part, shall constitute the fundamental principles of state policy.

(2) The principles set out in this Part shall be fundamental to the

governance of Bangladesh, shall be applied by the State in the making of

laws, shall be a guide to the interpretation of the Constitution and of the other

laws of Bangladesh, and shall form the basis of the work of the State and of

its citizens, but shall not be judicially enforceable.

These principles are expressed as follows :

- Promotion of local government institutions. - Participation of women in national life. - Democracy and human rights. - Principles of state, co-operative and private ownership. - Emancipation of peasants and workers and backward sections of the

people from all forms of exploitation.

- Provision of basic necessities of life. - Rural development and agricultural revolution. - Free and compulsory education and removing illiteracy. - Improvement of public health and morality. - Ensuring equality of opportunity. - Work as a right and duty for every able citizen.

- Duties of the citizens to observe the Constitution and the laws

- Public servants to serve the people.

- Separation of the judiciary from the executive. - Enrichment of the national culture. - Protection of national monuments, objects or places of special artistic

or historic importance or interest.

- Promotion of international peace, security and solidarity and

consolidation.

- Preservation and strengthening fraternal relations among Muslim

countries.

15

15

FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS AS PROVIDED

BY THE CONSTITUTION

- Equality of all citizens before law. - No discrimination against any citizen on grounds of religion, race,

sex or place of birth.

- Equal rights of women with men. - Equality of opportunity in public employment. - Prohibition of foreign titles etc. - Right to protection of law. - Protection of right to life and personal liberty. - Prohibition of forced labour. - Safeguards as to arrest and detention. - Protection in respect of trial and punishment. - Freedom of movement, assembly, association, thought and con-

science and of speech, profession or occupation, lawful trade or business and religion.

- Rights to property. - Protection of the privacy of home and correspondence. - Enforcement of fundamental rights through courts of law. - Laws and enactments inconsistent with fundamental rights are void.

FUNDAMENTAL FOREIGN POLICY OF BANGLADESH

1) The State shall base its international relations on the principles of respect for national sovereignty and equality, non-interference in the internal affairs of other countries, peaceful settlements of international disputes, and respect for international law and the principles enunciated in the United Nations Charter, and on the basis of those principles shall-

a) Strive for the renunciation of the use of force in international

relations and for general and complete disarmament; b) Uphold the right of every people freely to determine and build up

its own social, economic and political system by ways and means of its own free choice; and

c) Support oppressed peoples throughout the world waging a just struggle against imperialism colonialism or racialism.

2) The State shall endeavor to consolidate, preserve and strengthen fraternal relations among Muslim countries based on Islamic solidarity.

16

ORGANS OF THE STATE

The Republic comprises of three basic organs: (1) The Legislature,

(2) The Judiciary and (3) The Executive.

The President of Bangladesh is elected by the members of

Parliament in accordance with law. The President, as Head of State,

takes precedence over all other persons in the State, and exercises the

powers and performs the duties conferred and imposed on him by the

constitution and by any other law. The President acts in accordance with

the advice of the Prime Minister, save only that of appointing the Prime

Minister and the Chief Justice. The supreme command of the defence

services vests in the President.

The President holds office for a term of five years from the date on

which he enters upon his office. No person can hold office as President

for more than two terms, whether or not the terms are consecutive.

If a vacancy occurs in the office of President or if the President is

unable to discharge the functions of his office on account of absence,

illness or any other cause the Speaker of the Parliament discharges

those functions until a President is elected or until the President resumes

the functions of his office.

There shall be a Cabinet for Bangladesh having the Prime Minister at

its head and comprising also such other Ministers as the Prime Minister

may from time to time designate. The executive power of the Republic is

exercised by or on the authority of the Prime Minister.

The President appoints as Prime Minister the member of Parliament

who appears to him to command the support of the majority of the

members of Parliament. The appointment of Prime Minister and other

Ministers and of the Ministers of State and Deputy Ministers is made by

the President provided that not less than nine-tenths of their number are

appointed from among members of parliament and not more than one-

tenth of their number may be chosen from among persons qualified for

election as members of Parliament.

The legislative powers of the Republic vest in the Parliament, which

consists of three hundred members, designated as members of

parliament, elected by direct election. However, presently there are fifty

reserved seats exclusively for women members to be elected by the

aforesaid members on the basis of procedure of proportional

representation in the Parliament.

No War can be declared and the Republic can not participate in any

war except with the assent of Parliament.

17

17

THE JUDICIAL SYSTEM

The Supreme Court of Bangladesh is the highest judicial organ in the

country which comprises of the Appellate Division and the High Court Divi-

sion. The Supreme Court consists of the Chief Justice and a number of

other judges. The Chief Justice and the judges appointed to the Appellate

Division sit only in that Division and other judges sit in the High Court

Division.

The Chief Justice and other Judges are appointed by the President. A

Judge holds office until he attains the age of sixty seven years. The

Appellate Division hears and determines appeals from judgments,

decrees, orders or sentences of the High Court Division. The High Court

Division has superintendence and control over all subordinate courts and

functions as the Appellate Court. There are some other special Courts,

such as Labour court, Juvenile Court, Administrative Tribunal etc.

At the district level, the district court is headed by the District and

Sessions Judge who is assisted by Additional District Judges, Chief

Judicial Magistrate and Other Judicial Magistrates, Joint District Judges

and Assistant Judges.

18

PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION

Bangladesh has a unitary form of government. The President is the

Head of State and the Prime Minister is the Head of Government. The

Prime Minister is assisted by a Council of Ministers. The permanent officer-

in-charge of the Ministries/Divisions is designated as Secretary who

belongs to the Civil Service. A list of the Ministries/Divisions is given at next

page.

For administrative purposes, the country is divided into Seven

divisions, each headed by a Divisional Commissioner. There are 64

Districts under the 7 Divisions. The district is administered by a Deputy

Commissioner who is assisted by Additional Deputy Commissioners. The

Districts are divided into Upazilas headed by a Upazila Nirbahi Officer.

Currently, there are 487 Upazilas.

The head of the police administration is the Inspector-General of Police

(IGP). The divisional police administration is headed by the Deputy

Inspector General of Police and the district police-administration by the

Superintendent of Police and there is an Inspector of Police in each Thana.

The Superintendents of Police and the Inspectors of Police work in close

co-operation with the Deputy Commissioners and Upazila Nirbahi Officers

for maintenance of law and order under their respective jurisdictions. The

chief police officers in Dhaka, Chittagong, Khulna, Rajshahi, Barisal, Sylhet

and Rangpur cities are designated as Metropolitan Police Commissioner.

19

19

THE PEOPLES REPUBLIC OF BANGLADESH Honorable President Md. Abdul Hamid

Honorable Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina

Ministers

Sl Name Portfolio

1. Mr. Abul Maal Abdul Muhith Ministry of Finance

2. Mr. Amir Hossain Amu Ministry of Industries

3. Mr. Tofail Ahmed Ministry of Commerce

4. Begum Matia Chowdhury Ministry of Agriculture

5. Mr. Abdul Latif Siddique Ministry of Post &Telecommunications and Information Technology

6. Mr. Mohammed Nasim Ministry of Health and Family Welfare

7. Syed Ashraful Islam Ministry of Local Government Rural

Development & Co-operatives

8. Khandker Mosharraf Hossain Ministry of Expatriates Welfare and Overseas Employment.

9. Mr. Rashed Khan Menon Ministry of Civil Aviation and Tourism

10. Principal Matior Rahaman Ministry of Religious Affairs

11. Eng. Mosharraf Hossain Ministry of Housing and Public Works.

12. Mr. A.K.M. Mozammel Huq Ministry of Liberation War Affairs

13. Mr. Mohammaed Sayedul Haque Ministry of Fisheries and Livestock

14. Mr. Md. Emaz Uddin Pramanik Ministry of Textile and Jute

15. Mr. Obaidul Quader Ministry of Communications

16. Mr. Hasanul Haq Inu Ministry of Information

17. Mr. Anisul Islam Mahmud Ministry of Water Resources

18. Mr. Anwar Hussain Ministry of Enviroment and Forest

19. Mr. Nurul Islam Nahid Ministry of Education

20. Mr. Shahjahan Khan Ministry of Shipping

21. Mr. Anisul Huq Ministry of Law, Justice and Parliamentary Affairs

22. Mr. Mofazzal Hossain Chowdhury

Maya, Bir Bikrom

Ministry of Dissaster Management & Relif

23. Mr. Abul Hassan Mahmood Ali Ministry of Foreign Affairs

24. Mr. Md. Mazibul Hoque Ministry of Railways.

25. Mr. A H M Mustafa Kamal Ministry of Planning

26. Mr. Mostafizur Rahman Ministy of Primary and Mass Education.

27. Mr. Asaduzzaman Noor Ministry of Cultural Affairs

28. Mr. Syed Mohsin Ali Ministry of Social Welfare

29. Mr. Shamsur Rahaman Sherif Ministry of Land

30. Mr. Md. Kamrul Islam Ministry of Food

20

SPECIAL ENVOY TO THE HONORABLE PRIME MINISTER (With the Status of Minister)

Sl Name Portfolio 31. Mr. Hussain Muhammad Ershad Special Envoy

ADVISORS

Sl Name Portfolio 32. Mr. H.T. Imam Political Affairs 33. Dr. Mashiur Rahman Economic Affairs 34. Dr. Gowher Rizvi International Affairs 35. Dr. Tawfiq-E- Elahi Chowdhury,BB Power, Energy and Mineral

Resources 36. Maj. Gen.(Rtd) Tarique Ahmed Siddique Security Affairs

STATE MINISTER

Sl Name Portfolio 37. Mr.Md.Mujibul Haque (Chunnu) Ministry of Labour and Employment 38. Arch. Yeafesh Osman Ministry of Science and Technology 39. Mr. M.A. Mannan Ministry of Finance & Ministry of Planning 40. Mirza Azam Ministry of Textile and Jute

41. Mr. Promode Mankin Ministry of Social Welfare

42. Mr. Bir Bahadur Ushwe Sing Ministry of Chittagong Hill Tracts Affairs 43. Mr. Narayon Chandra Chanda Ministry of Fisheries and Livestock.

44. Mr. Biren Sikder Ministry of Youth and Sports 45. Mr. Asaduzzaman Khan Ministry of Home Affairs 46. Mr. Saifuzzaman Chowdhury Ministry of Land. 47. Begum Ismat Ara Sadique Ministry of Public Administration. 48. Begum Meher Afroze Ministry of Woman and Children Affairs. 49. Mr. Muhammad Nazrul Islam Ministry of Water Resources 50. Mr. Md. Mashiur Rahaman Ranga Rural Development and Cooperatives

Division 51. Mr. Md. Shahriar Alam Ministry of Foreign Affairs 52. Mr. Zahid Maleque Ministry of Health and Family Welfare 53. Mr. Nasrul Hamid Ministry of Power Energy and Mineral

Resources. 54. Mr. Zunaid Ahmed Palak Information and Communication

DEPUTY MINISTERS 55. Mr. Abdullah al Islam Jakob Ministry of Environment and Forest 56. Mr.Arif Khan Joy Ministry of Youth and Sports

Source: Cabinet Division and Website, May 2014

21

MINISTRIES AND DIVISIONS OF THE GOVERNMENT

Sl. No. Ministry/Division 1. Presidents Office 2. Prime Minister s Office 3. Cabinet Division 4. Election Commission 5. Ministry of Chittagong Hill Tracts Affairs 6. Ministry of Primary and Mass Education 7. Ministry of Agriculture 8. Ministry of Civil Aviation and Tourism 9. Ministry of Commerce 10. Ministry of Communications (a) Bridges Division (b) Roads Division 11. Bangladesh Energy Regulatory Commission (BERC) 12. Ministry of Cultural Affairs 13. Ministry of Defense 14. Ministry of Food 15. Ministry of Education 16. Ministry of Power , Energy and Mineral Resources

(a) Power Division (b) Energy and Mineral Resources Division

17. Ministry of Environment and Forest 18. Ministry of Public Administration

(a) Bangladesh Public Service Commission (BPSC) 19. Ministry of Fisheries and Livestock 20. Ministry of Finance

(a) Finance Division (b) Economic Relations Division (c) Internal Resources Division (d) Bank and Financial Institutional Division.

21. Ministry of Foreign Affairs

22. Ministry of Health and Family Welfare

23. Ministry of Home Affairs

24. Ministry of Housing and Public Works

25. Ministry of Industries

26. Ministry of Information

27. Ministry of Textiles and Jute

28. Ministry of Labour and Employment

Contd.

22

Sl. No.

Ministry/Division

29. Ministry of Law, Justice and Parliament Affairs

(a) Supreme Court of Bangladesh

(b) Bangladesh Law Commission

(c) Bangladesh Judicial Service Commission

30. National Parliament of Bangladesh

31. Ministry of Land

32. Ministry of Local Government, Rural Development and Co-operatives

(a) Local Government Division

(b) Rural Development and Co-operatives Division

33. Ministry of Planning

(a) Statistics and Informatics Division

34. Ministry of Post and Tele-communications and Information Technology

(a) Posts and Telecommunications Division

(b) Information and Communication Technology Division

35. Ministry of Religious Affairs

36. Ministry of Disaster Management and Relief

37. Ministry of Shipping

38. Ministry of Social Welfare

39. Ministry of Women and Children Affairs

40. Ministry of Water Resources

41. Ministry of Youth and Sports

42. Ministry of Liberation War Affairs

43. Ministry of Expatriates Welfare and Overseas Employment

44. Ministry of Railways

45. Ministry of Science & Technology

46. Bangladesh Election Commission

47. Information Commission

Source: Website May 2014

23

ORGANIZATIONAL SETUP OF BANGLADESH BUREAU OF STATISTICS

Director General

Deputy Director General

Director Census Wing

Director Agriculture

Wing

Director Industry

and Labour Wing

Director FA and

MIS

Director National

Accounting Wing

Director ICT & Data Processing

wing

Director Demography and Health

Wing

Director SSTI

H.Q DIV Statistical

Office

DSO Office

USO Office T.S Office

Abbreviations

FA and MIS = Finance, Administration and Management Information

System , H.Q= Head Quarter , DIV=Divisional, DSO=District Statistical Officer, USO= Upazila Statistical Officer, TS= Thana Statistician. SSTI= Statistical Staff Training Institute, ICT= Information & Communication Technology.

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THE NATIONAL STATISTICAL SYSTEM

The statistical system of Bangladesh is centralised in Bangladesh

Bureau of Statistics (BBS). It comprises of seven functional wings. For

policy matters, BBS is under administrative control of Statistics and

Informatics Division(SID), Ministry of Planning.

The Director General is the Chief Executive of BBS. He is

responsible for collecting, processing and disseminating official statistics.

In performing his responsibilities he is assisted by a contingent of officers

and staffs.

The broad functions of BBS are to collect, compile, analyse and

publish statistics on all sectors of the economy to meet the needs of

development planning, research, policy and decision making. BBS is in

charge of conducting the Population Census, Agricultural Census and

Economic Census. Apart from this, national level surveys in the fields of

labour force, demographic situation, agriculture, household income and

expenditure are conducted. Except there, foreign trade statistics and

national income accounts, selected social indicators and socio economic

information relating to all sectors of the national economy are also

compiled and published.

BBS publishes on a regular basis advance releases on Industrial

Production, Consumer Price Indices and Monthly Statistical Bulletins. In

addition to these, three major annual publications viz. Statistical

Yearbook, Agricultural Statistics Yearbook and the Statistical Pocket

Book are published regularly. Moreover, to meet specific needs several

adhoc and subject- specific publications are also published.

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To achieve the broad objectives of data collection field offices at

district, upazila and thana levels have been established in all over the

country. The district offices are headed by the District Statistical Officers

(DSO), upazila offices are headed by the Upazila Statistical Officers

(USO) and the thana offices located at the metropolitan thanas of 10

(ten) metropolitan cities are headed by the Thana Statisticians(TS). The

puazila/thana offices are responsible for conducting all the activities at

the field level including activities of periodic censuses and surveys.

Statistics collected from other organizations of the government and

autonomous bodies are mostly administrative records (by products) and

they are generated in conventional ways.

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INVESTMENT SCENARIO IN BANGLADESH The Government of Bangladesh has put in place a comprehensive

array of policies aimed at bringing about significant socio-economic

improvements to the people of Bangladesh and ultimately self-reliance for

the nation. In recognition of the private sectors ability to contribute

towards achievement of these goals, the government has recently

implemented a number of significant policy reforms. These are designed

to create a more open and competitive climate for foreign investment.

In order to achieve the objective of accelerating industrial growth

and to gain a greater share of industry in the Gross Domestic Product

(GDP) as well as to make the industrial policy responsive to the changes

occurring in the global economy, the government announced a new

Industrial Policy-2010.

The industrial policy 2010 of Bangladesh proposed an integrated

strategy of economic growth through rapid industrialization. It has been

prepared taking into consideration the governments determination to

achieve millennium development goals by 2015, and halve the number of

the unemployed, and hunger and poverty stricken people by 2017. To

alleviate poverty by creating additional employment opportunities, the

policy aims to create job for one man per family.

The industrial policy envisages rapid industrialization through

short, medium and long term measures for raising the rate of GDP

growth to 8% by 2013, and 10% by 2017. It emphasizes an increase in

the industry sectors share in GDP to 40% by 2021.

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The industrial policy 2010, recommends for establishing economic

zones, Industrial parks, high tech parks and private EPZs for rapid and

balanced industrial development of the country.

The policy recommends that the public sectors industries will be

complementary and competitive to private sectors industries. Besides,

public-private partnership will be an important element of the industrial

policy.

Reserved sector (public sector) industries: The following areas are reserved for public sector investment:

1. Arms and ammunitions and other military equipments and

machineries

2. Nuclear power

3. Security printing and minting

4. Afforestation and Mechanized Extraction within the boundary of

reserved forest

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Private sector investment:

The role of the Private sector has been recognised as a predominant one. Except reserved sectors, private sector investment has been kept open without any ceiling. Private investment both local and foreign or joint venture between local and foreign or with public sector is allowed.

Massive Establishment of Small, Medium Enterprises (SMEs) and Cottage Industries in Countrywide Industrialization

The development and expansion of SMEs is regarded as a very important medium of achieving industrialization and economic growth in both developed and developing countries. The role of SMEs in industrial revolution in the industrialized world was enormous, and this trend has continued to-date. The role of SMEs in generating investment, savings, profit, employment opportunities, export, regional industrialization and improvement of peoples living standards as well as national development is very important. To this end, forward linkage, backward linkage, value addition activities and productivity improvement should be accelerated in order to establish and expand SMEs in the manufacturing sector. As such the SME sector has been treated as a priority sector in the Industrial Policy 2005.

Scope of SMEs: 1. The structural arrangements of Bangladeshs industries show that

jute, textiles, paper, steel and engineering, cement, chemical, fertilizer and pharmaceutical industries are under the big and medium scale industries. On the other hand, specialized textile industries (including garments), backward linkage industries, hand-operated welding, food processing and food linkage industries, leather, ceramics, light engineering including automobiles, basic metal engineering, small scale chemical engineering, rubber industries, paper printing and publishing industries, small fabrication industries, non-metal mineral products, batteries, electrical, electronics, handicrafts, agro-based industries, multilateral jute goods, silk industries, fruit processing, poultry farming, fisheries, tea-gardening and processing, vegetable seed farming, floriculture and agro-forestry, and printing industries, ginning and baling, construction industries, transportation (including automobiles), cinema and photography, pathological laboratories, cold storage, furniture, computer industries, fast food, frozen food, etc. under service industries and many other sectors are included in the SMEs.

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2. SMEs will be established on a greater scale across the

country in order to bring about poverty alleviation, unemployment reduction and creating more employment opportunity so that national economic growth can be attained. To this end, the government has taken an initiative to draw up a separate SME policy with a view to providing necessary guidelines and strategic assistance in respect of establishing SMEs throughout the country. The guidelines and strategy incorporated in the relevant policies will be pursued in establishing and expanding SMEs of all kinds throughout the country.

Foreign investment :

1. Foreign direct investment will be encouraged in all industries in

Bangladesh except those in the reserved lists, banking, insurance and other financial institutions. This type of investments can be made in local public and private sectors individually or jointly. The capital market will be open for portfolio investments.

2. The legal framework for foreign investments has been drawn up on the basis of the Foreign Investment (Development and Preservation) Act 1980. The framework is as follows:

Equal treatment of both local and foreign investments. Safeguarding foreign investments from state expropriation. Assurance of repatriating finance and profit deriving from share disposal.

3. There will be no restrictions to foreign investment in terms of equity

participation, i.e., 100% foreign equity can be invested. While setting up industries with complete foreign investment or in joint venture, there will be no restrictions to the sale of shares through public issue irrespective of paid-up capital. However, foreign investors or institutions can purchase shares through Stock Exchange as per guidelines framed by the concerned authority. Foreign investors or institutions can avail loan from local banks to meet their running costs. Conditions for such type of loan will be determined on the basis of the relations between the bank and the borrower.

4. Foreign investors can avail of the same facilities as local investors in terms of tax holiday, royalty payment, technical fees, etc. Personal income taxes need not be paid by foreign technicians appointed in foreign companies for up to three years, and after that period, they have to pay on the basis of a dual taxation revocation agreement or any other agreement reached with their respective countries.

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5. In respect of foreign investment, full repatriation facility of invested capital will be given. Profits and dividends are also repatriable. If foreign investors choose to reinvest their repatriable dividend or earned profit, then this will be treated as new investment. Foreign citizens appointed in Bangladesh will be entitled to a remittance of 50% of their wage and full repatriation of their savings and retirement benefits.

6. There will be no restrictions to the issuing of work permit for efficient foreign professionals on the basis of the recommendations of local and foreign investing companies or joint venture companies. Multiple entry visa will be issued to foreign investors for three years and to efficient professionals for the whole period of their appointment.

7. In respect of foreign investments in thrust sectors, preference will be given to small and medium scale investors when allotting plots in BSCIC industrial enclaves.

8. Investments by non-resident Bangladeshis will be treated as foreign direct investment.

9. Steps will be taken to protect intellectual property in respect of new goods and formulae.

10. International norms and systems will be followed in respect of providing investment assurance and conflict resolution.

11. Initiatives will be taken to expand the facilities of EPZ areas to those 100% export-oriented industries that are established in non-EPZ areas.

Facilitative role of the public institutions:

The following is the investment framework for the development of the private sector:

a) All foreign investments shall be registered in the prescribed manner

with the concerned promotional body before setting up an industry. b) Prior clearance will be required for setting up of ready-made

garments (RMG) units, banks, insurance companies and other financial institutions.

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c) Bangladesh Small and Cottage Industries Corporation (BSCIC) will allot industrial plots to respective industrial units in its own industrial estates and estates developed by it under special orders. Similarly, Bangladesh Export Processing Zones Authority (BEPZA) will allot land in its own estates. Board of Investment (BOI) will recommend and pursue allotment of public land wherever available.

d) Concerned facilitating agencies will, after discussion with the relevant

authorities, determine the time limit for receipt of power, gas, water, drainage and telecommunication connection as well as provide clearance relating to environment pollution. These facilities will be provided by the "One Stop Service" cell of the facilitating agencies.

e) BOI, BEPZA and BSCIC will approve, wherever necessary, the

payment of any royalties, technical assistance fees and approve appointment and payment of remuneration of foreign personnels.

f) Private sector is allowed to set up export processing zones and

develop industrial parks. Government will extend support to these zones and parks. Industries located in the private zones (EPZs) will enjoy the same facilities as those enjoyed by the units located in the public EPZs.

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BOARD OF INVESTMENT (BOI)

The Government of Bangladesh established the Board of Investment (BOI) in 1989 for accelerating private investment in Bangladesh. The Board, headed by the Prime Minister of the Republic, is vested with necessary powers to take decisions for speedy implementation of new industrial projects and provide operational support se