yao jianqing 615245

AIR STUDIO -ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN- 2015 SEMESTER 1 JIANQING (PETER) YAO 615245

Table of ContentsINTRODUCTION ------------ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4

GET CLOSE TO DIGITAL DESIGN ----------------------------------------------------------------- 5

PART A CONCEPTUALISATION ----------------------------------------------------------------- 7

DESIGN FUTURING ------ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------10PRECEDENT 1: Pearl River Tower............. .................................................................................................... 10

DESIGN FUTURING ------ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------14PRECEDENT 2: Shanghai Tower ............... .................................................................................................... 14

Document reference: ----- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------16

Image reference: ----------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------17

4 CONCEPTUALISATION

INTRODUCTION

“WHO AM I?

I AM PETER YAO!”

My name is Jianqing (Peter) Yao, and currently enrolled in Bachelor of Environments, majoring in architecture in the University of Melbourne.

As a Chinese citizen, I decide to go abroad to deepen my knowledge and widen insight after finishing my secondary study. When it comes to the tertiary study, I dream to be an architect which is influenced by my father who is fully-experienced in architectural and construction field. Here as a full-time architecture student, I have followed on this track for 3 years from fundamental knowledge of architecture-related terminology to complex parametric architectural design by using computer-aided design software like Rhinoceros 5 with accompany of Grasshopper.

Unlike others who might be professional on using computer programs to produce digital architectural design, I am a beginner on using architectural design software which means all the works I have done before are paper-based and physically sketched rather than digital or parametrical. However, after watching how Rhinoceros and Grasshopper works on digital parametric design, I have grown a great interest in such new field of architectural design, and I am sure that I will certainly enjoy the learning in architectural design studio: Air.

CONCEPTUALISATION 5

FIG.1: ExAmPLE OF ShOwING ThE RhINO & GRASShOPPER ON COmPUTER SCREEN

To my knowledge of digital architecture, computer

programs such as Rhinoceros and Grasshopper are able to build model on a digital screen that can show all the properties of a design such as dimensions, shade areas, materiality and variability of all possible changes on a single design. Unlike traditional architectural design, computer aided design provides changeable possibilities which can vary the design by simply change the

parameter or data into the system, the design will convert into a new form. The Grasshopper here is the plug-in program working with Rhinoceros that Rhinoceros displays the image of the design while Grasshopper changes the parameters of that design.

Digital design is largely involved parametric thinking. As Oxman and Oxman (2014: 3) explain, “parametric design thinking focuses

upon a logic of associative and dependency relationships between objects and their parts-and-whole relationships”, and numerous variations of the design can be generated by changing the input parametric value.

Some of the extraordinary digital architectural design products that I know are Shanghai Tower and Pearl River Tower.

GET CLOSE TO DIGITAL DESIGN

6 CONCEPTUALISATION

PART A CONCEPTUALISATION

DESIGN FUTURING

• Precedent work: Pearl River Tower• Precedent work: Shanghai Tower

CONCEPTUALISATION 7

FIG.2: PEARL RIvER TOwER, GUANGzhOU, GUANGdONG, ChINA, 2013

10 CONCEPTUALISATION

FIG.3 PEARL RIvER TOwER, GUANGzhOU, GUANGdONG, ChINA 2013

DESIGN FUTURING PRECEDENT 1: Pearl River Tower

FIG.4 dESIGN OF wINd FLOw ThROUGh ThE dYNAmIC bOdY OF ThE bUILdING, PEARL RIvER TOwER, GUANGzhOU, GUANGdONG, ChINA 2013

Pearl River Tower is located in Guangzhou, Guangdong, in China. This modern architecture that has 71 floors and 309 meters high is well-known worldwide by its original intention of design which is sustainability.

This commercial building is designed to maximize energy

efficiency and also to respond the call of sustainability. As a result, Pearl River Tower is built with wind turbines, solar panel, photovoltaic cells and energy-efficient heating and cooling ceilings which make this skyscraper one of the most environmentally friendly buildings in the world.

In order to achieve the goal of neo-energy concept, architects are trying to use as much renewable energy as possible. The dynamic body of the building with two openings at functioning

CONCEPTUALISATION 11

FIG.5 wINd TURbINE GENERATORS ARE PLACEd AT mEChANICAL FLOOR OF ThE bUILdING TO GENERATE ELECTRICITY FOR ThE bUILdING. PEARL RIvER TOwER, GUANGzhOU, GUANGdONG, ChINA 2013

FIG.6 ThE CONCEPT OF wINd TURbINE. ThE TwO OPENINGS ON ThE FACAdE OF ThE bUILdING FORm ThE PATTERN OF wINd FLOw TO mAxImIzE ThE POwER OF wINd. PEARL RIvER TOwER, GUANGzhOU, GUANGdONG, ChINA 2013

floors allows wind to go through the building generating electricity. The whole façade of the building contains solar panel which uses solar energy as the provider of AC.

As one of the most energy saving commercial building, it is undeniable that Pearl River Tower is a revolutionary figure in architectural field by largely using renewable energy comparing with traditional architecture which

requires artificial energy supply.

Due to the growing concern of climate change, the concept of sustainability has been strongly emphasized. According to Dunne and Raby (2013: 2), “[f]aced with huge challenges such as overpopulation, water shortages and climate change, designers feel an overpowering urge to work together to fix them…”. Clearly, the theory of climate change is embedded in this project and this project is one of the human

actions against challenges in current world.

This architecture design provides a great idea about how renewable energy can be used through the mechanical function of a building. Pearl River Tower reveals the future possibilities on green energy use not only for the on-going energy consumption but also the building materials.


FIG.7: ShANGhAI TOwER, ShANGhAI, ChINA, 2008-PRESENT


FIG.8 PERSPECTIvE EFFECT PICTURE OF ShANGhAI TOwER, ShANGhAI, ChINA

DESIGN FUTURING PRECEDENT 2: Shanghai Tower

One of the most extraordinary on-going high-rise projects,

Shanghai Tower, is going to be the second tallest skyscraper in the world after the Burj Khalifa in Dubai. The Shanghai Tower is a 124-floor and as tall as 632 meters skyscraper. According to Zeljic, AIA and Leed AP (2010: 1), the tower is designed based on triangle base and extruded from that base to form an organic curved surface. The tower is vertically rotated about “120 degrees and scaling at 55%

rate exponentially”. As a multi-functioning commercial building, Shanghai Tower portrays the same concept as Pearl River Tower which is Shanghai Tower’s “self-sustaining” (Zeljic, AIA and Leed AP 2010: 1) and Pearl River Tower’s “zero-energy” (SOM 2014: 36).

Being sustainable and environmentally friendly has become the current main gist for the civil development. Shanghai Tower gathers all different types of

users/people into a vertical city as it includes “office, boutique office, luxury boutique hotel, themed retail, entertainment and cultural venues at the podium, and the observation experience at the tower’s pinnacle” (Zeljic, AIA and Leed AP 2010: 2).

In designing this tower, the irregular shape of the body is a revolutionary challenge for the group as they have to calculate the exact value for the stability. To figure out the value, they did numerous investigations on the building structure. The figures on the next page show a brief presentation about loadbearing structure by using Rhinoceros and Grasshopper. Shanghai Tower shows its importance not only by holding the world’s second tallest high-rise laurel but also the new technology of double glazing curtain wall of the building façade which results in high energy efficiency through the whole building (Zeljic, AIA and Leed AP 2010: 10). Due to the challenges of climate change, the amount of natural resources is declining at an increasing rate. Energy conservation has to take into account because the building is preferable only when it saves natural environment.

The investigation the architects did is a great case for the future high-rises if they need to find out how to stabilize a more than 600-meter high tower. Indeed, the Shanghai Tower is a great design as it not only pleases our eyes but also innovates new design technologies for others to use for reference.


FIG.9 wINd TUNNEL STUdY ROTATION mOdELS OF ShANGhAI TOwER, ShANGhAI, ChINA

FIG.10 wINd TUNNEL STUdY SCALING mOdEL OF ShANGhAI TOwER, ShANGhAI, ChINA

FIG.11 GRASShOPPER mOdEL OF ThE CwSS OF ThE CROwN OF ShANGhAI TOwER, ShANGhAI, ChINA

FIG.12 PARAmETRIC STUdIES OF ThE SCALING OF ShANGhAI TOwER, ShANGhAI, ChINA

FIG.14 mAIN STRUCTURE ANd bUILdING SYSTEmS dIAGRAm OF ShANGhAI TOwER, ShANGhAI, ChINA

FIG.13 PART OF ThE FULL CwSS mOdEL OF ShANGhAI TOwER, ShANGhAI, ChINA

Document reference:Dunne, Anthony & Raby, Fiona (2013) Speculative Everything: Design Fiction, and Social Dreaming (MIT Press) pp. 1-9, 33-45

Oxman, Rivka and Robert Oxman, eds (2014). Theories of the Digital in Architecture (London; New York: Routledge), pp. 1–10

SOM (2014). Sustainable Engineering + Design: Helping To Shape SOM’s Projects (Chicago: SOM), pp. 1-80 <http://www.google.com.au/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=1&ved=0CB0QFjAA&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.som.com%2FFILE%2F19252%2Fsom_sesbrochure_web.pdf&ei=F2MAVdbCE9Tj8AWcnIDICw&usg=AFQjCNHpQyfC2fM8M03YgDzZFqasXCUYDQ&bvm=bv.87611401,d.dGY >

Xia, Jun and Peng, Michael (2014). The Parametric Design of Shanghai Tower’s Form and Façade (Chicago: Shanghai Tower: In Detail), pp. 12-21 <http://ctbuh.org/Portals/0/Repository/Xia_2012_ParametricDesignShanghaiTower.65f34951-8ead-45fe-bc09-1cc349349e3d.pdf >

Zeljic, Sasha Aleksandar, AIA and Leed AP (2010). Shanghai Tower Façade Design Process (San Francisco: Gensler), pp. 1-18 http://www.gensler.com/uploads/document/242/file/Shanghai_Tower_Facade_Design_Process_11_10_2011.pdf


Image reference:Cover Image: http://parapatricists.blogspot.com.au/2009_06_01_archive.html

Figure 1:http://blog.alexwebb.com/?p=1161

Figure 2:http://www.som.com/projects/pearl_river_tower

Figure 3:http://www.som.com/projects/pearl_river_tower

Figure 4: https://englishclas.wordpress.com/2012/10/23/pearl-river-tower/

Figure 5:http://www.gizmag.com/pearl-river-tower/14696/

Figure 6:http://blogdopetcivil.com/2014/04/04/pearl-river-tower-voce-ja-viu-algo-assim/

Figure 7:http://galleryhip.com/shanghai-tower-inside.html

Figure 8:http://www.ideasgn.com/architecture/shanghai-tower-gensler/

Figure 9:Zeljic, Sasha Aleksandar, AIA and Leed AP (2010). Shanghai Tower Façade Design Process (San Francisco: Gensler), pp. 1-18 http://www.gensler.com/uploads/document/242/file/Shanghai_Tower_Facade_Design_Process_11_10_2011.pdf

Figure 10:Zeljic, Sasha Aleksandar, AIA and Leed AP (2010). Shanghai Tower Façade Design Process (San Francisco: Gensler), pp. 1-18 http://www.gensler.com/uploads/document/242/file/Shanghai_Tower_Facade_Design_Process_11_10_2011.pdf

Figure 11:Xia, Jun and Peng, Michael (2014). The Parametric Design of Shanghai Tower’s Form and Façade (Chicago: Shanghai Tower: In Detail), pp. 12-21 <http://ctbuh.org/Portals/0/Repository/Xia_2012_ParametricDesignShanghaiTower.65f34951-8ead-45fe-bc09-1cc349349e3d.pdf >



Figure 14:Zeljic, Sasha Aleksandar, AIA and Leed AP (2010). Shanghai Tower Façade Design Process (San Francisco: Gensler), pp. 1-18 http://www.gensler.com/uploads/document/242/file/Shanghai_Tower_Facade_


yao jianqing 615245

Documents