XVIT. Ammphila, B new Genus bf 1nsRs in the Clap Hymenoptern, By the Rev. WdZiarn Kirby, including the Sphm fobu@a of Linnaws.

F. L. S.

N 111.0 department of the animal kingdom is the Divine \Vifdom I more eminently confpicuous, than in the conflruLtion and oeconomy of the h fe& tribes; and amongit thefe, none, perhaps, are more worthy of our attention, o n both thele accounts, than the individuals tha t compde the cia& Hymenoptera. Though they do n o t , like many of the Celaoptcra and Lepidopttra, immediately a t t r a a our notice by the brilliancy or gaiety of their colonring (a), yet when w e examine them clofely, and obferve the conlumrnate &ill nlani- feited in their conRru&ion ; when we attend to their hiftot~, replete, be they gregarious or folitary, with entertaining anecdotes, and furn ih ing infiances of the nioft aftonifhing fagacity and moit prudent precaution ; we feel inclined t o prefer the itudy ,of this .order of infeots to tha t of any other, Idot only as mofi prolific of materials to let forth the praifcs of Hiin who hath created them, which is the firfl duty of the Naturalifi-but alCo as gratifying, in a

(a) Some of them, however, prq fingularly beautiful even in this refpea. Take for examples the I t t r t h d o nitens, many of the Ichnnmons ‘of ,Linnkus’s lait family, and the whole genus ChrvJi.

c c z high

196 Rev. A f i . K I R B F’S Account of the Ammophill?,

high degree, our natural tafte for the inCpeEtion of things tha t a r e remarkable either for their beauty, their firufiure, or their ufes.

Amongfi the parts which diitinguifh this clafs of infeeas from others, there is none more fingular, both for its utility and confiruc- tion, than the tonque and the valves which inclofe and defend it : far this initiument is not confined to one or two genera, as feem to har-e been the opinion of L i n m u s and the majority of Entomo- logifis; but belonss, as I have reafori to believe in confequence of repeated diKecCtions of this part, to a very large majority of the cbfs ; althouqh in lome, on account of their diminutive h e , it may not be vifible, unlcfs the eye of the examiner be allifled by a very firong m a p ifie r.

By means of this inftrumait the Hymenoptcra, I apprehend, con- tribute very confiderably towards the depuration of the’air ; for t h e fweets which the flowers would exhale, were i t not for myriads of thete inre&, which feafi upon their n e a a r during the fummer and autumnal months ( b ) , would probably render tha t element impure and unfit for refpiration (c). I have heard of perfons that have been nearly fuffocated by the odour of flowers placed in their bed- chamber.

Th i s part, ib important to thefe infe&s, will furn ik , I feel per- fuaded, a very appropriate charaaer to difiinguith many of the

( b ) Hyrpenoprous iiif&ts, efpecially thoie that are provided with a fliort roftrum, are molt abundant upon unibelliferous plants. Upon thcie, particularly the Dmcrrr CUr’Ot‘7,

the Entoinologilt will fiiid many of the rarer fpecies of the Cplendid genus Chr$s. (c) T h e wirdom of Providence has not only been attentive to provide againfi tlic

atmolphere’s bcirig overloaded with Cweets ; it has alfa ufed iimihr precautions to pre- vent its bcing corrupted by exhalations of a contrary nature : and to e f f d this purpoie, it employs an iiifiiiite tiumber of inieQs. (Which clafs of animals, in conjun€tion with the F~ngi , may be called the dcpur3tors and fcavengers of Nature). Witncis the myriads to be found in their diffcrent flates in dung and all putrcfcent lulltanccs.

genera

a new Genus ofI$Z.. . '97

genera in the clafs, which are now very much confufed. This perfuaGon is the refult of an examination of what Fabricius terms the inJrumenia cibaria, in order to fix upon an erential charaaer, more determinate than the prefent, for the genus Aph. I found tha t the tongue was of one form in SplJex, of another in YiJa, and of another itill in Apis. Amongfi the inrefis which I diKec'tcd with this view, was the Sphex fabuIdi of Linnxus; m d I was not a little furprifed to find tha t it was furnillied with an inflexed r@rirnz (d); which concealed a long, retraaile, tubular totigue, with a bifid c l a v ~ at its end (e) : whereas the tongue of true Sphcges, fuch at. lea& as I have examined, is very ihort, flat, dilated, and neariy entire at the apex (f). It agreed with the tongue of VGo, in being di- vided a t the end ; but in this latter gcnus, tha t part is extremely fiort and broad, obcordate, very dceply bifid, having its lobes fjometimes tipped with a fmall callous point (3). I t had a itit1 ftronger affinity with tha t member in A'is, efpecially in thofe fpccies that have an inflexed r@r-um(h), but in t h e k the tongue is entire, and ufually acute. I n many other circumltances this i n f e e differs from all thofe genera, as will appear \ then I give its natural ch ;I ra&er.

T h e poffefion of three other Britiih fpecies, which agree with this in the peculiar form of the ro/?.zrm and maxrlk. as wcll as in habit and other circumfiances, makes my hefitation the lefs toconfider then1 as diitin& from the genus Sphex, and more particularly as Lin- nzus has placed ai?infe& exhibiting the i'ame charaaers amongfi his Apts, under thc name of -+is Ichu~r~fnol l~n~ This will appear, k

( d ) Tab. XIX. NO. I. fig, 4. a (f) Tab. XIX. No. 11. fig. 2.

(g) Tab. XIX. No. 111. fig. 2. See all0 Rcalmtr, Tom. V.Tab. 16. fig. 2. and U e &,-,

(h); Tab. XIX. No.. IV. fig. 2.

(0 fig. 3-

Tom. 11. Partie 11. Tab. 26. fig. IC, I I .

think,

think, evi&nt to every onc who confults De Geer's figure of that in rca (i). Indeed that author ddcribes the rofirum as having a differelit d i rchon froin that which is mentioned above ( k ) , a d nihich is obfervable in all my i'pccies of,!hrnmophih .- yet h c e he couu have no opportunity of examining a recent fppccimen, (this inihA beiiig a nati1.e of South Ainerica,) he might very eafilp have been miG led in this point; for the roflruni readily aCfumes and retains adirecd tion outn'ads, although its natural poiition when a t reft is inwards.

It is fingular that fo attentive and accurate an oblerver thould havc entii ely overlooked this confpicuous part in S'x Jubaloj2. efpecially as it had not elLapcd the cotice of Linnzus.

given this genus the n;iine of Atrimophiln, becauk thda ipecies with which I am acquainted frequent L a d y banks, particu- larly fudh as are expofed to the fun.

T h e S p h x f d d f a one would take a t firfi fight for ail IcbHeunton, and Geoffr-oy(/) has ranked i t under that genus. I t has the antenna, fierce port, and manners of Sphex : its bifiti tongue connetls it with YeSpa ; and the ir if lesd dire&ion and form of the valves of its roilrum give it an alliance with a large number of Apcs. On this account I would place it between the two latter genera.

L i n n e u s , in an admirable "Mtthodrus demmJrms'i &ides, vqefa- bilia, aut anima&a," which I have feen at the end of €ome editions of his $yema Naturcp, under the article Genus, lays down the C h a r ~ ~ c r naturalis as a neceffary part of it ; although he has only given naturaf cbara8er.s in his Genera Plantarum. Fabricius is the firlt Entcxnol

I

This is nearly allied to feveral genera.

r ( i ) Tom. 11. Partie 11. Tab. 32. fig. 13-16. (4) Mem. XIT. p. 761. $41) Tom. 11. p. 349. n. 63.

4

logift who 113s drawn out natural chara Aers for i.nfefi.s(m). To pint out at firff tbofe circurnhices in which all the individuals of a genus agree, is certainly extremely ufeful, and fpares much unne- CCEdrY tautology when we come to defcribe them. I fhall thtxe- fore follow his example upon the prefent occafion.

AMMOPHILA.

SandwnSp.

CHARACTER NATURALIS. cg#ub {uborbiculatum, fubdepreffum. RoPru111 corneum, inff ex-

urn, fubulato-conicum(n), vugin6 trivalvi ; vuLvulis duabus fuperioribus ( 0 ) femiCagittatis rnedio palpigcris, pnkis Ccs- articulatis ; inferiori ( p ) apice biariflati ( q ) , argis mernbra- 1laCeis ; paIpir duobus quadriarticulatis initru&A ( r ) ; /in- g u m €ubmembranaceam, retrafiilem, tubulofam, fubclava- tam, c l a d b$&, exerens (s.). L n b h z ukflexum. MrzxiILz forcipatae minaces, apice tridentatz, dente interiori minimo, intermedio magno truncato, exteriore maximo acuminato ( t ) . A n f e n n e filiformes, thorace breviores, facpius tredecim arti- culorum ( u ) , Inedio frontis infertre (v). QCuG ovales, dif- t a t e s . S/emnjata in tr iangulum difyofita.

(m) Ego primus, in Entomol%ih, chara&eres naturales compofui, introdaxi, q m b Omne iyfiema niti debet. Fdbric. €%/of. Entotno/. l iamburg. 1778, VI. 4 &.

( 1 1 ) Tab. XJX. NO. 1. fig. 4. a.

(4) fig. 2. dd. ( 0 ) fis. I . (p) fig. 1. c .

(r) fig. 2. e. (I) fig. 2. f. and fig. 3. ( t , fig* 5. (u) The three fir& joints of the antennm differ in form from the rtft-The fi*, or bulb,

is fcarcely viGble without a magnifier, the fecond is vory large, and the third very imall. In one fpecies they conGfi of fourteen johr.

(u) fig. 6. Collum

200 . Riv. Mr. KIRBY'S Accotrnt ofthe Ammopbi'a,

Collunz in fu n d i b u li for m e (w). 7borax fubcompreffus pon t alarum infertionem elongatus (x).

Scutthtn obfoletum. A h plan=, venoik, nnnJtonifz obfoletg. Abdomen petiolatum glabrum, mule0 in foeminis recondito. Pcdes longi, graciles, CetoG (y) . Femora apophy fibus biarticulatis

Tibiarum pofticarum fpinulz interiores uno i n fidentia (2). laterc pcc'tiiiatx (a). 7'7rJ quinque-articulati.

Colw iiigcr, abcioininis C N I ~ U Z O ferrugineo.

M a n y of tl-,cfc cliarac2ei.s arc peculiar to this genus, particularly t h e for111 of the ry'lrum, ma.\ilk, coh'um, and the pe&inated

J,iizuLz of the poiterior tibk. Even co/our, fo various in other genera, in this fcems charafieriftic. T o the above marks it might be added, that, i n all the fpecies I am going to dekribe, the under fiides of the poiterior rib& are covered with a ihort pale down.

CH .I R A C T E R Es s ENT I A LI S.

R@rzrm conicum inflcxum, linguam bifidam exer-ens. Alrlentzd fi 1 i form c s i n u tnni f i x u , art i c u 1 is fu b q 11 at u or de c i m.

(71 , ) Tab. XIX. NO. 1. fig. 7 . ( I ) T h a t part of the thorax which is behind the wings, I believe 1 h a l l name upon a

future occafion the Mrinthornx, as i t is fepanted in hymenopterous infcltts bolli froni the thorax and fcutellum by a future, and in defcriptions of ten requires diffinLl noricc.

(7) Fig. 8. ('7) Fig. I 0.

(2; Fig. 8. a.

I conjet'ture that this peEten i s ferviceable to the infe€ts of this genus in the cxcavation of thc little burrows, where they dcpoiit the animal to which they h a r e committed a n egg. IVlieii with their hind lega they difipate (rufpando) the little heap of land from the mouth of the burrow, which they had fcratched with their fore ones from its bottom, t h i s pctlten u i l l prevent the grains from pafling between this fpine and t h e bare of the tarlus, which is alio pei?in.itetl, although i d s vif ibly. Fig. 9. a.

Oculi

n ncw Genw of InSpRs. 20 I

Oculi ovales. Ah plana. Acu/rus re c on d i t u s .

Thefe charaaers, I think, will fufficiently difiinguiih our A')Iznzo+.:i from thofe genera to which it is molt nearly relatcd. T h e direc- tion of the roitruin in this genus, the form of the eyes, and the plane furface of the wings, clearly prove it to be difiinCt from VpJpa. T h e bifid tongue, and the anteiinx filiform in every fcx (b) , feparate it from Apis. T h e direEtion and length of the roitrum, and the bifid tongue, divide it from Sphex. T h e fame part in conjun&ion with the number of articulations, and form of the antennz, prevent its being confounded with Ichtieuntori.

SYNOPSIS SPECIERUM.

I. Vulgaris. A. antennis tredecim-nodiis, frontis fovei inferta ;

2, AjTnis. A. antennis tredecim-nodiis, frontis hovel infertz ;

3. >di,jiito, A. antennis tredecim-nodiis ; abdominis petiolo

4, Argenten. A. antennis quatuordecim-nodiis ; abdoruinis pc-

abdomiiiis petiolo elongato biarticulato, alis aquali.

abdominis petiolo uniarticulato ; alis corpore bi-evioribus,

ulliarticulato brevi ; alis corpus q u a n tibus.

tiolo uniarticulato ; alis corpore brevioribus ( c ) .

'

202 R m . Alr. KIRBY'S Accoiinl Of tht Atnmophiia,

r, A M MOP I i I L A TYukn-is.

Cctmncti Silnduwfi.

A. antennis tredecirn-nodiis, frontis fovts infcrt'z ; abdomhis petiolo elongato biarticdato, alis q u a l i .

men to fecu 11 do t ert ioqu e fe rr ~ i g i 11 e i s. SphrxJnbu!@, nigra, hirta ; abdominis petiolo biarticulato ; feg-

Linn. 5j$. X t t . en. GmeL i. p. v. n. I. Fn. Suez. 1648. Fob. Elit. S,J$. I h ii. filhrs Ent. Eur. iii . n. I .

Scop. Corn. 11. 770. Schmnk Enzrrn. I$ AuJ. n. 768. AZiilf. Lim. Not. cl. v, p. 864. Fnm. Fridr. 627.

Gcoffr. H$. ab. des In/ ii. p. 349. n. 63.

Sphes 11. I.

Iihncutnotz nigcr, abdomine fulvo, poitick nigro, petiolo longiffitno.

GurJPe Ichneumon noire, A anteniies filiformes, et ?i filet fort long, dont le devant du ventre eit roux, et Ies ailes fort courtes.

De Geer ii. ptie ii. p. 822. n. 5. tab. 28. fig. 7. Frvcch. InJ ii, tab. I . fig. 6,7. Sufz. I$ tab. 19. fq. 120. Scha$: Icon. tab, 83. fig. I. Donovan iii. tab. 93. fig. I.

Habitat in terri hbulot-3, 4' nprica ;" ubi canis infiar pedibus an- terioribus cuniculum fodit, larvamque phalznz , vel araneam teinimortuarn in eo fepelit, cui ovulum concredit : quo fatlo orificium terra claudit. L i n n a s .

5

n new Gentrs 'of fnj8s . aQ3

Cupzit 1mn:it ulatum, [ubvitlot-urn villis lordidi coloris. Thcrax Cordido-fllbvillofils, linea intcrniectia longitudinali exa-

rntus; callis ( d ) , pun& fub alas, et uno utrinquc apud abdominis inikrtiooem, pilis decunlbentibus fericeo-argen- teis ornatis. Spanm nigrz (L').

Ah fubhyalina, apice obfcuriores, ncrvis nigricatltibus, abdo- mine circitir dimidio br.e\.iores, f. petiolurn longitudine aqiian tes.

Abdomen clavatum ; legmento prirno filiformi nigro ; fecund0 lincari, compreKo, ferrugineo, puncio excavato utrinque no- tat0 ; tertio campanulato ferruginco; quarto nigro, bafi et infern2 ferruginco ; reliciuis nigris.

. Long. corp. lin. 10.

deititutis ; alis unicoloribus. p Variat minor, thoracis callis, latcribus, et poiticis $is fericeis

An fcxus alter ? forfan mas ! Long. corp. lin. 6.

This fpecies, which is very common in Norfolk and Suffolk about fandy banks of .a funny expofure; though rare, according to the ingenious Mr. Donovan, in the neighbourhood of London; is eatily di i t inguif ld from its congeners by the elongated pe t iohs of its ab- domen, and its very fhort wings. I t may readily be known, even when flying, by the fingular maiiner in which it carries its abdomen with the anus pointing upwards, fo tha t it fiands nearly a t right- angles with that part of the thorax to which it is attached, T h e hiltory of this inCeQ is very entertaining, as may be feen in De

( d ) Cy the C,iIli I mean two little tubercles, one on each fide of the anterior part of the

(c) The Sguotna are the minute fcmi-circular kales which cover and dcfcnd the root thorax, to be met with in molt liymenopterous ink&.

of the fuperior wings, one over each. T)d 2 Gee).,

204 Rev. Mr. KIRBY'S Acco#ni of the Atntnaphih,

Geer (A, I\ horn I ha l l content myielf with referring to ; but I can- not refill the temptation of tranfcribing from our great Ray, the very curious account he has qiven of iome proceedings, of this very iiiCe&, as I i'ufpeEt, which pafled under his own obl'ervation. There are his words (5) : '' Junii 22. an. 1667, t maximis hujus gcncri vefpam-, fpeciem jam lion recordor, erucam viridem feipsii triplo Inajorem trahcntern vidi: quam poitquim, me praei'ente et fpektante, ad unius circitGr perticz iioitrre menfura, i. e. IS+ pedes, deportXet ; prop; orificium cuniculi, quem Gbi prius in terri excavaverat, de- poluit : deinde piluli ter I c i , q u i pr=diilum of ificium obturaverat, iemot;i, ipfa prius in cavernulctm defccendit, et poit parvam inibi ii1or'iiii alccndit itci um, erucamque, quatn jux ta foramen depoiuc- rat, apprehendens, fecum in cuniculum devehit, eique in i hi reliEt8, mox rediit ibla, gbbulifque tcrreis a k i P t ; S , u n a p poft dteram in cuniculum devolvit, et per intervalla pedibus anteriofibus rufpando (ut cuniculi aut canes {dent) pulverem retrodurn in foramen con- jecit ; idenique opus repetit cum pulvere aut pilulis alternatim, donec c~n icu lus pcnitiis oppletus effet, ipfa aliquotiis defccndcntc ad terrnrn ( u t mihi videbatur) dcprimendam et denrandam ; {em&[ etiam atque itertim in pinurn aditantem erolante, ad refinam forth pet e n da 111 ter r z c ongl u ti n a n d z, e t ope ri con fol id a 11 d 0. R epl e t o foraminc, ct cum t e r m Cuperficie coaquato, u t aditus ampiius non pofit difcerni, duo p h i folia adjacentia sirurnit, et juxta cuniculi oi-ificiuin dcpoluit, ad locum (tit verifimile cit) iignaiidum. is hxc lion mihi miictur et itupeat ? (&is hujufrnodi opera mer;c machinlc poflit nttribucre?" ( I s )

S c op ol i, cf) Dt. G c c r , tom. i i . p"' ii. Mem. i i v .

@) Raii Hilt. Iiif . p. 254.

(6) I haw b:en informed that the ingenious hlr. Curtis has written a l~iltory of this infect,

$capoli, as well as the'great Linnzus, defcribes the roitrum as bivalve. L am loth to diKent from Cuch high authorities ; but I am rcmvinced, from repeated examination, tha t the roflrum in this and moil hymeiiopterous ini'e&s confifis of three valves bcGdes the tongue ; two which cover its upper furface, and one that proteLts it beneath, to which it adheres (i).

Is never was To fortunate as to meet with the variety of this infe& mentioned by Liiinmis, abdotrtinis dorfi nkro. I t is pofibly a dif- tin& fpecies. Villai-s, the ingenious author of the Encomohgia Eurcpra, mentions another, pedtbus qudtuw auticisfuluis, I ihould likewife think this Mre than avanety,

2. A M M O P H I L ~ ~ afinis. Contiguous SandwaSp.

A, antennis tredecim-nodiis, frontis f w e i infertae; abdominis petiolo uniarticulato ; alis corporc brevioi ibus.

Habitat rarior in ericetorum fabulofis. cop^ punEtaturi7,. I&$%, fubvilloCum,. Mctxd'&%ipfakih medib

Thorn.r nitidus, punEtatus, lincolis quinque (quarum una Inter-

Ace tcitaccz, abdomine tertia parte breviores. men Gpetiolo excluCo) lanceulatum ; fegmento primo filiformi

nigro, fecuiido.campan ulato nigro, apice fgrrugtneo ; prosi- niis duobus ferrugineis ; retiquis. nigris.

fu fc $.

media) impreffus. Squam-t. ftit-ce, Id l i ce ruik.

Long. corp. lin. 9. i n f d t , uliich was compokcd for a Society of r h k h he ntas R member, &fore the Linnacan was eitabliihcd ; what comes from the pen of io iearned'and accurate a "aturalil), mu i t be extremely valuable, and therefore I cannot help indulging a w i h that the public may be put i n poirefion of this curious and interefiing paper.

( i ) Tab. xix. No. i. ii. iii. iv . v. fig. I , 2. I took

206 Rev. Mr. K I R B Y ’ S Account bf the .Auttflophilil,

I took two fpecimens of this infe& upon the iiiuny bank of a {and- pit in hlai tleiharn Heath near Woodbridge, in t h e bcginnirig of lait: September, which was the onIy time I ever met with it, It is fuf- ficicntly diitinguiflied from the A. vukaris , by the uniarticulate italk of itsabdoiden, the black villi tha t are fcattered over its head and trunk, the five impreffed lines that arc vifible upon the ditk of its thorax, and by its wings, which aye proportionably longer, and of a different hue : the maxi112 alfo are ihorter, and have a n owcure reddifh brown fifiia acrofs their middle ; and the whole itif& is thicker in proportion. I do not find this fpecies defcribed in any author t h a t I have a n o1)pottunity of coidulting.

3. AMMOPHILA hirfuta.

HAry S&dw./rp. A. antennis tredecim-nodiis ; abdomiiiis petiolo uniarticulato

brevi ; alis corpus q u a n t i b u s .

Sphcs nrennrin hirta nigra, abdominis petiolo uniarticulato, Ceg- mento fecund0 tertioque rufis j alis longitudine corporis.

Fab. Ettt. SyJ. Em. ii. n. 3.

Linn. $,. Nat, cd. Gntel. i. p. vI Sphex 22. 7. Z’iZlars Ent. Eur. iii.. - - I

Spkr h ir - ta nigra, capite thoraceque pubefcentibus, abdomine

- nigra hirta, abdomiriis petiolo uniarticulato ; abdomiw antic; fu1vo.-Scop. Ent. Car. n. 772.

medio ferrugineo ; tibiis omnibus fpinoiis. Schrank Enum. Inp Au!. n. 7%. Linn. $/?. Nai. ed. Grnel. i. p. v. n. 53. Villflrs Enf. Eur. iii. n. 16.

Capta fern61 in foffx ripi labulofk

Ctrput m aLgn urn, pun Et ul atu m, atro-villofu m. Afabxilla long it udine

T’,wax ct peEtus atro-villofa, A h Ioiiqitudine corporis iubhyalina, apice nigrz, vcnis ferru-

gincis, coitS fufcii. Abclomen nigrum, lanceolato-ovntum ; pctiolo brevi villofo ; feg-

Inento fecundo, tertio, quartique ball, rubello-ferrugineis. Pea’es pofiici, abdomiiie dimiclio longiores. TarJi Cetis valdi aiperi

c a pit i s v i I 1 d C ii$11 aces , Fron; pl an i u fccu 1 a. Squamct. nigrx.

Long. corp. lio. 8.-Alt. Sex ? lin. 6%

T h e larger fpecirnen of this infelt I purchafed, as Engliih, at ;i fiop in Piccadilly; but the fmall one (which I believe to be the Inale) I took upon the funny bank of a handy ditch near hIartlciham Heath, at tho fame time with A. afinis, I think that I have likewile Ceen it in. the rich cabinet of our. Secretary, my tutor in Entomology, and tQ whore liberality mine is indebted for fome of its moit valuable contents..

T h i s infefi is beyond a doubt the +hex arennriil oE Fabricius, and likewire the S. hirjiifa of, Scopoli and Schrank; although Gunelin. and Villars make them different. I t is clearly difiin& from thc two preceding Cpecies. Its wings of the length of the body, tipped with a black nebuh; its abdomen of a figure inclining to ovate; its large head very villofe, as well as its t m n k ; its maxilla threatening with an immenfe acumen, plainly prove this, I t is larger alfo in all its parts; the band which furrounds its abdomen is of a brighter red; thc legs are milch more brifily, efpccially the tarfi; and the in- terior lpine, which a r m the apex of each of the ,poiterior tibiae, is iiiore con fpicuoufly peAinated.

4, AMMO-

20 8 Rev. Mr. KIRBY'S Accoutrt ofthe Amnophila,

4. ,%MhIoPIrILA nrsenfea.

Silver- fronted SandwizSp:

A. antennis quatuordecim-nodiis ; abdominis petiolo uniarticu- lato ; alis corporc brevioribus.

Caput nigro-villoium. Maxilh acumine fiifco. Antenna? thoracis fer; loiigitudine. F r ~ t l ~ planiufcula, infr i antennas pilis denfis decuiiibentibus argenteo-nitidifiimis, nifi i tergo vix conipicuis, teEta,

Thorm ancufius; c iubvillofus uti p&us villis certo fitu argenteis. Squninn, nigrze.

A h i'ubhyalinae, apke , I obfcur+res, nervis ferrugineis ; abdoniine dimidio f e d breviores. I

AbJomeo clavatum, fegmento primo filiformi n igo ; fecund0 carn- panulato tertioque rufis; quarto rufo, apice nigro; reliquis Illgrls.

*

. .

Ped,s ietulis brevibus acperi. Long. corp. lin. g.

Sem@l czpta, fed ubi et quando nefcio.

A t firit fight one would take this fpecies for A. z~(gclr.is p, but upon a nearer infpeEtion it will be'found very difiinl't. T h e front has no3vea, and from the antennae downwards is quite covered with a coat of filver pile, which, when the light falls upon it from above, gives it a very glittering appearance, From the midR of this pile other longer black hairs, thinly fcattered, arife, T h e 311teIl1132 confift of fQurteen joints, counting the minute one a t their bale. T h e villi of the trunk glitter in certain lights, but not io much as thc pile on the front : thc footitalk of the abdomen confilts of a

finsle

a new Genus of Infen$. 209

fingle joint, its belt is of a paler red, and the briitles of the legs are very Ihort.

, I have Cubjoined a iketch which exhibits a comparative view of the roJra and tnas i /h in Ammo,tbiZa, Sphrx, VeSpa, and Apis ; which will, I hope, though rudely executed, (for I cannot Cay ‘‘ atzch’ io

j r zp i~ to re , ” ) afford a tolerable idea of the marks and charaAers that feeparate thele genera.

I have no doubt of there being ieveral foreign inCeQs, befides A, ichneumonea, that belong to this genus (4) : but as I have not a t pre- fens an opportunity of examining the rich cabinets in the metropolis, I mutl defer faying any thing upon them till a future opportunity.

E X P L A N A T I O N O F T A B . XIX.

No. I. ‘The roitrum, maxilla, and other parts of an AmmophiZa.magnified.

Fig. I. The outfideof one of t h e u p r valves of the roitrum, which is iemifagittate.

Fig. 2. T h e under-fide of the roitrum exhibiting (a) the infide of one of the upper valves. (c) T h e under valve. (dd) Its arifiae. (e) One of its feelers of four joints, ( f ) T h e tongue.

Fiq. 3. T h e under-fide of the tongue viewed by itfelf, exhibiting (a) its bifid cluva.

Fig.+ The under-fide of thc head, to flieivtlie direaionof the rofirum when at relt. (a) T h e apes of the roitrum. (b) The neck.

(a) Its feeler of fix joints.

(b) Its feeler.

(b) T h e orifice of its tube. ( c ) Its fialk.

(1) The i d e a figured by De Geer, Tab. xxxii. fig. 17. belongs probably to this genus.

V O L . 1v. E e Fig.

Fig. 5. A maxilla. (a)The inner tooth, generally acute. (b) The intcrmediatc dne, truncated. ( c ) T h e exterior one, x u - minatetl. T h i s acumen, crofing tha t of the other niax- ill'), forms the forceps.

Fig. 6. The antennr, contilting of thirteen joints. (a) T h e firftjoint. (b) Thefecond. (c) T h e third.

Fig. 7. (a) T h e neck. (c) T h e fore ?art of the thorax.

Fig. 8. A hind leg. (a) T h e apophyfis, confifiing of two joints. (b) T h e thigh. (c) T h e tibia. (d) T h e tarfus, confifi-

(b) The back part of the head.

ing of five joints. F i g 9. T h e firi t joint of- t-he tarcus- gig. 10. T h e inteFior peffinated. fpine a t the apex of the pofierior

No. 11.

(a) T h e p d c n a t its bafe.

tibia.

The roff rum and maxilla of a Spbw magnified-

Fig. I. The outfide of orle ofithe upper valves, ihort and rounded, andhairy at th3 t o p (3) Its feeler of fix joints, the inter- Ipediate 0 . ~ 4 ~ !he large&

(a) The intide of the upper v4rc. (b$Ifis, feelex. (c) T h e under valve. (dd) Its minute ariita. (e) Its feeler, of four joints. ( f ) The tongue, &or t and dilated at the apex.

Fig. 3 Theupper iide of thc tongue, on which it appears rather emarginate.

Fig. 4 A maxilla. Fig. 5. T h e infide of a maxilla, to t h e w the two obfolete teeth at the

apex (a).

Eig. 2, f i e under-ilde-of thq r.o&ug.

0 Na 111.

211

No. 111.

T h c roflrurfi hnd aiaxi1l;i of a K@n magnificd.

Fig, I . T h e outfidc of one of the uypcr valves, ihort, hairy above the feeler, rounclcd a t the top j below the fecler {welling out externally into tl:c icgincnt of ;I circle. (a) T h e feeler of fix joints ofiicarly equal fize.

(a) T h e infidc of the upper valve. (b) Its feeler. (c) T h e under valve. (d) A fovea in its difk. (C e)??wo proceffes dnalogous to the arifia in No. I.and No. 11. but tipped on this fide with a callous point. Cg) T h e tongue, obcordate arid bifid. (11 h ) Callous points a t the tip of each lobe, obfervabIe on the under fidc only.

F'ig. 2. T h e under-fide of the rofii-um.

( f ) One of its feelers, of four joints.

Fig 3. T h e upper Gde of the tongue, tranfverkly itriated. Fig. 4 A maxilla. (a) Two fmall acute teeth. (b) One tooth large

and truncated.

No. IV.

The rofirum and maxilla of an Apis, roJm inflexo, magnified.

Fig I. T h e outfideof one of the upper valves, lanceolate with a fubinvolute acumen, and laterally emarginate. (a) T h e feeler, confitling of a fingle joint.

(a) T h e iiiGde of the upper valvc. ( c c) Its nriitz. (d d) T h e fcclcrs, one at the apes of each ariita, confitling of two joints.

(a) T h e top of it downy. (b) T h e lower part itriated.

E e 2 Fig.

Fig. 2. T h e under-fide of the roilrum, (b)The under valvc.

( e ) Its linear tongue, fubacute. Fig. 3. T h e upper fide of the tongue.

212 Rev, Mr. KIRBY'S DeJz.rz)tion ofthe Ammophila.

Fig. 4. T h e maxilla, armed with two obtufe teeth at its apex. (a)The interior tooth {mall, (b) The exterior very large. N. B, T h e black linesare defigned to reprefent thehlci, which are drawn upon its exterior furface,

No. V.

Roftruni and maxilla of an Apir, r g r o reJcxo, magnified,

Fig. I . Outfide of one of the upper valves, cultriforni and acute. (a) Feeler of fix joints.

Fig. 2. Under-fide of the roftrum, (a) Iiifide of the upper valve. (b) Its feeler. (d) One of its feelers of four joints, the three lait forinllig an angle with the firlt ( I ) . (e) T h e tongue.

(c) T h e under valve.

Fig. 3. T h e tongue feparate, linear-lanceolate, and very acute. Fig. 4. The maxilla, armed at its apex with two unequal teeth, of

which the interior is the fhorteit,

(I) With my pocket lens I could difcover no part analogous to the at-@&, upon the under valvc of this rofirum.