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XML2 Mining Addendum

This document contains descriptions of the additional functionality included in

SurvCADD XML2.

XML2 Mining Addendum 2

Chapter 1: Standard Mining This chapter discusses the new or changed functionality that is found in the Basic Mining Module of SurvCADD.

Spot Drillhole The Spot Drillhole command is used to estimate what a drillhole would look like if one was located at a user-defined location. This is very helpful when laying out drilling programs. The geologist can provide the driller with a forecast of the strata that will be encountered prior to drilling. Each strata is modeled at the spotted drillhole, from surrounding drillhole data and a “false” or estimated drillhole is created. An option was added to refer to a Pre-calc grid as well as estimating a drillhole from surrounding holes. Drillhole Type can also be specified when “spotting” the drillhole. Promoting occurs as follows:

Command: CHSPOT

Source for strata model [Precalc/<Screen>]?

Now if you choose the Pre-calc option you will see the new file preview dialog box.

Next, you are prompted for the Drillhole Type.

Enter or pick drillhole location (ENTER to end):

Enter Drillhole name: spot1

Enter Drillhole description

The prompting when the “Drillholes” instead of Pre-calc option is used is the same as it was, with the exception of being able to specify the drillhole type as shown above.

Chapter 2: Advanced Mining 3

Chapter 2: Advanced Mining This chapter discusses the new or changed functionality that is found in the Advanced Mining Module of SurvCADD.

Fence Diagram Two mew options: “Hatch the key strata only” and “Hatch Block Model by Attributes” were added in the dialog box for the Fence Diagram. The first one, Hatch key strata only provides you with option to leave the non-key strata unhatched.

Seen here is a Fence diagram that was hatched by a block model. Notice the coloring by quality.

Shown below is the Fence Diagram Settings dialog box with two new options.


The Hatch Block Model by Attributes option is covered in the discussion on Block Modeling.

Surface Mining/Mountaintop Removal There is a new option in this routine that allows you to breakout the reserve by a specified attribute range. This feature works in conjunction with the Block Modeling feature in the Ore Module. Only users who have purchased the Ore module can utilize this option. After the BLK file has been created, and the grade parameter file defined, they are used in this reserve routine to calculate the volume of material falling in certain ranges.


Edit User Attributes In the Report Formatter, there are now more options in the equation writer of the Edit User Attributes. IF Then Else logic can now be added to the equations. There are 6 operands that may be used. < > = ! LIKE and NOT LIKE for string comparisons. For string comparison use "NOT LIKE" for negation or LIKE for similar to, using the * as a wild card match. Equations using the !, such as A ! B means A not equal to B.

Some examples are shown here:

IF (BTU > 14000) THEN 5.0 ELSE THICKNESS

so the value is 5.0 for BTU > 14000 and value of THICKNESS otherwise

IF (PANEL LIKE "LW*") THEN 1.0 ELSE 0.0

So the value is 1.0 if the panel name is LW4 or LW5 and the value is 0.0 otherwise

Auto-Run Strata Grids Auto-Run Strata Grids now lets the user specify options for “pinchout” and “seam-stacking/conformance” so they can be set at the time the grid is created. Previously, you had to go out to the Configure SurvCADD option under the File dropdown menu to change the settings and they could not be changed in the same Auto-Run Grid procedure.


Pit Matrix Layout This routine has been sped up considerably to improve the speed when generating large mine plans with hundreds or thousands of blocks.

Label Pit Polylines When using the Automatic method to place the pit names, this routine now has improved text rotation to place the names in the pits with better alignment. It also lines the names up better than previous versions.

Reserve Classification This command has an added option to process by specific strata attribute, such as BTU or Sulfur. It was just looking at thickness in the previous versions.

Equipment Calendar This routine now has the undo function to allow one step back to fix a mistake. It also has the function to copy one unit’s settings to another unit. This saves time in defining a new piece of equipment that will match another calendar.


Define Pre-Calc This routine has two added functions. First is an added option to extrapolate by merging (pancaking) elevation grids with upper strata. The "pancaking" is an option using the Extrapolate function. It will assign Nulls for elevation grids to the elevation of the strata above. This change is saved to the .GRD file. In XML, the Extrapolate always did extrap elev. In XML2, there's the choice of extrap elev or flatten (pancake).

Second, for users with the Ore Module and creating block models, they must be added into the PreCalc for use with the Fence Diagram and Mountaintop/Surface Mine Reserves command. There is a new option, next to Elevation or Attribute, we now have Block Model. The procedure here is to build the PreCalc, interval by interval from the top down as usual. Then add in the block model for each interval, or strata that you have. It is just like the other attributes, in that it must have the same name as the strata it is referring to. There are options on the Fence Diagram and Mountaintop/Surface Mining screens to use the hatch fence by block model and to break out quantities by attributes.

Color Elevation Grid by Strata Function: This routine colors the 3D grid faces plotted in the drawing. It uses the colors defined by layers, or in the strata definition file and matches the names up with the intervals in the PreCalc. It is very useful for locating the outcrop of strata, or displaying the subcrops of seams to a mining bench grid. This colored grid can then be viewed in 3D and shaded for full visual effect.

Prompts: Select the PreCalc file

Reading cell> 21364

Select 3D Faces to Process... type all or window the faces

Select objects: Specify opposite corner: 18340 found


Select objects: Enter to accept

Keyboard Command: strata_color

Pull-down Menu Location: Ore

Prerequisite: Need a 3D Grid plotted in the drawing and a PreCalc containing grids that intersect the plotted grid.

Define/Run Strata Isopach Auto-Run Formally called Auto-Run Isopach Maps, this routine has now been split into two separate commands. This allows for easier definition of the Autorun macro, without having to wait for the modeling and drillhole processing time. The Define Strata Isopach Auto-Run is where you build the macro file containing the isopachs to create. It will not create them, just prepares the file to be run at a later time. If there aren’t any drillholes, for example, you are coming from grids, just hit Enter when prompted to select drillholes.

Run Strata Isopach Auto-Run takes the predefined *.CTR file (from Define Strata Isopach Auto-Run) and processes it, creating the isopach maps.

Define/Run Strata Grids Auto-Run Formally called Auto-Run Strata Grids, this routine has now been split into two separate commands. This allows for easier definition of the Autorun macro, without having to wait for the modeling and drillhole processing time. The Define Strata Auto-Run is where you build the macro file containing the grids to create. It will not create them, just prepares the file to be run at a later time. It is optional to select the drillholes at the beginning of the Define routine. Just hitting Enter will bring up the input dialog.

Run Strata Grids Auto-Run takes the predefined *.RUN file (from Define Strata Grids Auto-Run) and processes it, creating the grid files. As mentioned above, with the previous version in very large datasets, it sometimes took several hours after defining the Auto-Run, to actually select the Make Grids button. Now with this split into 2 routines, you can simply load up the predefined *.RUN file, select Make Grids and leave it, while the modeling and gridding works away.

Add Strata Function: This routine inserts an interval into the drillholes at either the top or the very bottom of the selected holes. It is necessary to do this for certain types of geological modeling that have the top or bottom seam disappearing, and not all intervals in the hole have a bed name. It “borrows” thickness from either the top or bottom interval, as in this example shown below in the TILL strata.


It went from 15 to 14’ thick, with the addition of 1’ of topsoil. This will aid in the modeling of the seam HAGA in holes where it doesn’t exist, due to pinch or erosion. This routine should not be used in holes that are drilled in a valley, and the HAGA seam is above the collar and will be modeled with conformance.

Prompts:

Add strata to top or bottom of drillhole [<Top>/Bottom]? Top (in this example)

Enter strata name: Topsoil

Enter bed name: TS

Status for strata [<Key>/Non-key]? N

Enter strata thickness: 1.0

Select the Drillholes to process. Type ALL or select


9 were filtered out.


Updated 13 drillholes:

Keyboard Command: addstrata

Pull-down Menu Location: Drillhole – Strata/Bed Utilities

Prerequisite: Drillholes


Identify Limit Polylines Function: This routine has been improved to have option to search drawing for all limit polylines, instead of picking them one at a time.

Prompts:

Pick polylines to check or search drawing [<Pick>/Search]: S

Polyline At: 1850064.00,164523.00 Layer: GE-CROP-TAVIS

Inclusion for strata: TAV_KEY

Polyline At: 1866080.60,161058.36 Layer: GE-CROP-ISL-A

Inclusion for strata: HAGA_KEY HGA1_KEY HGA2_KEY

Exclusion for strata: INCLUSION

Polyline At: 1854928.12,153609.14 Layer: GE-CROP-ISL-B

Inclusion for strata: HAGB_KEY HGB1_KEY HGB2_KEY

Highlighted 3 strata limit polylines.

Keyboard Command: minelmtl

Pull-down Menu Location: StratCalc – Limit Polylines

Prerequisite: Need strata limit polylines in the drawing

Limit Polylines (Used with Fence Diagram) For Fence Diagram, we improved the strata cutoff to occur exactly at limit polylines. In previous versions, there was some overlap of the grid cell resolution. Shown here is an example of a Fence Diagram, plotted with the plan view for verification. Notice how the limit lines crop the seams in section view precisely at the limit lines. The plan view was placed ontop of the fence diagram just with basic AutoCAD drafting tools. Dashed polylines were then drawn with ortho on to illustrate the crops honoring the limit lines exactly. For all StrataCalc routines that use limit polylines, there is a new command line message to report when limit polylines are applied.

Drillhole Inspector The Drillhole Inspector is found under the AMM – Drillhole dropdown menu and the Drillhole Utilities flyout menu.


A feature was added to the Drillhole Inspector allow the reporting of Drillhole Type. The Drillhole Type shows up on the list of drillhole data that can be listed in the display box, report, and it can also be posted near the hole.

Drillhole Type now shows up on the list of items drillhole data that can be shown with the Inspector.

Drillhole Type is shown in the display box.

Grid Inspector The Grid Inspector now gives you the opportunity to set the number of decimal places shown in the display box, posted in the drawing, or printed out.


Pit Report There has been one addition to this routine to report the centroid X and Y location of each pit or block. This is useful for getting the location of each pit reported out to Excel and used in calculations of haul distance of the material to a dump.

Merge Pits Function: This routine takes two adjacent pits or blocks and creates one out of them. Routines such as Pit Matrix Layout leave small irregular shaped pits along complex boundaries. Usually, the user would like to combine or add a small sliver of a pit with an adjacent one so that the volume is reported, but not as its own tiny pit. Look at the example below. Pit A-1-1 is small and will be combined with Pit A-1-2. Pick first in the pit you want to keep, then in the pit you want to remove. The new polyline is drawn around both, representing the new pit with the same name as the first pit you picked inside of. Last step is to simply erase the text of the smaller, deleted pit (if they were labeled).

Prompts:

Pick inside 1st pit polyline to merge:

Pick inside 2nd pit polyline to merge:

Keyboard Command: MERGEPIT

Pull-down Menu Location: Boundary

Prerequisite: Two adjacent SurvCADD named pits that you want to combine into one pit.


Before Merge Pit

After Merge Pit

Panels Report Found near the bottom of the Underground dropdown menu in the Advanced Mine Module, the Panels Report allows you to select any panel “backbone” line and the routine reports all of the available data stored with the panels.


For the layout above select the Panels Report from the menu and the pick on the panel “backbone” line and the Report Formatter appears.

Next, set-up the report with variables you want to report. Reports can be output to Excel spreadsheets, Ascii text files, or to the screen in the drawing.


Disconnect Panel A mine plan in SurvCADD is a list of underground mine panels available to be mined. The mine plan is created when you originally place the panels. After you create the panels you also have the opportunity to join one list with another. There is a new command that allows you to disconnect a panel from an existing mine plan and then it gives you the option of leaving the panel disconnected by itself or attaching it to another mine plan in the same step. Previously, you would just not assign a panel to be mined but it would exist on the available list. This allows you to pare the available list down.

The Prompting:

Command: DISCONNECT_PLANS

Select a part of the mine plan to be disconnected: Can not disconnect main panel

Select a part of the mine plan to connect to or press Enter to leave disconnected:

Bottleneck Analysis Function: Bottleneck analysis is an option in Surface Equipment Timing that lets you limit the total production from several units to a specific level, even if the sum of the units’ production exceeds the set level.


The Bottleneck Parameters dialog box is found on the Surface Timing dialog under the Bottleneck Params button. The filed name you specify must match one of the reserved words for volume, tons, or a user-defined attribute. The Threshold value is another name for the limit placed on the attribute name. This limitation can be set for specific units, and it can be set for ALL units as well. To set the unit preference order, ADD them to the dialog box to the right under the Equipment Order heading. The order can be changed by highlighting the unit (by selecting it with the left pick button) and picking the UP or DOWN button to the right.

There are several schemes you can use to determine which units are restricted to meet to required level.

When production capacity exceeds the systems ability to absorb it some units need to be scaled back. The options available to reduce production include:

1. Normal Rotation - alternates in order through the units.

2. Hold Lead, rotate rest – operates the primary unit at full capacity and alternates through the rest of the units reducing production.

3. Hold tail, rotate rest

4. Fixed order – maintains the order of unit preference reducing production, beginning with the tail unit until it is completely down, then reducing the next in preference order until the objective is met.

Example: There are 4 excavators on a job (Units A-D )with a capacity of 3,000 cyds per shift. All of the material must be loaded in trucks and hauled away. There are 10 trucks in the fleet with the ability of hauling 1,000 cyds per shift. Therefore, the trucks in this case are the bottleneck of 10,000 cyds/shift, limiting production of the excavators.


Using the fixed order as the restriction scheme, we will limit the tail unit’s production every shift that the excess excavator capacity exists. When the timing routine is run, it checks the shift capacity for each shift as the program times out the progress. This slows the program down, but keeps the production capacity in line with the desired production level. A report is generated showing which unit is reduced and by how much.

When the timing is run and the map is shaded showing the progress note the additional time periods for Unit D. This shows Unit D has been held back while the other units worked at full production.

The report generated shows the production for the 30 day month at 2 shifts per day at 10,000 cyds per shift equals 600,000 cyds for the month.


Note that Unit D was restrained from its 180,000 cyds/month capacity to roughly 60,000 cyds. Rounding error amounts to 896.7 tons in 600,000, or .1495% in this case.

3D Pit Selection In Surface Equipment Timing, pits can now be scheduled in 3D, allowing user to actually see the scene as mined. The first step is to add a pit attribute to the pits with a reserved word call URFACE. This should point to the grid representing the topography.

Then, in the Surface Equipment Timing assigning dialog, where the sequencing is assigned, there is a new option called 3D Pick. Selecting this brings up the 3D viewer for picking and assigning the blocks to equipment, called the 3D Pit Scheduling.


Rotate the view so you can see the benches in 3D, select a unit, and start picking the blocks in the order you want them to be mined. The “mode” you are in will determine what your mouse icon is. Zoom gives the magnifying glass with the +/-, rotate gives the XY icon, and pan gives the hand. Just move the icon on top of a block and double click. The block will disappear and the name will be added to the Assignment list. Any mistakes can be removed with the Remove Button. The blue circle with the yellow square in it is the light control, to cast shadows. The Vertical Scale box changes the scale for better viewing of sites with low relief. When done, just hit the Exit button (the door with the arrow going out) and you are back to the main Surface Timing sequencer.

The program uses the SURFACE grid as a starting elevation and the thickness of each block is relative to the volume of material assigned to each bench in the pits. Benches with more volume will show up thicker than others with less. The color scheme is based on the bench you are on.

Min/Max Height on Retreat Mining You have an option to specify the minimum and maximum mining height not only on the advance , but also on retreat mining now. When the minimum mining height is specified when mining occurs on a key thickness grid and the grid is less than the specified minimum mining height, the program will add additional out of seam material to come up to the minimum mining thickness. There is no definition regarding whether the out of seam material was taken out of the roof or the floor. The material is just specified as rock. This additional material is reflected in the underground timing reports.


When a maximum mining height is specified and mining takes place on a thickness grid in an area where the material is thicker than the specified maximum mining thickness the difference is not mined. Again, there is no indication as to whether the material left was left in the top or bottom of the seam.

During the mine timing routine, the quality mined is pre-specified and can be defined so you do know what part of the seam the material left or taken is from. Grid manipulation using Grid File Utilities will allow you to customize the quality of the material left or taken in both cases, if the situation requires.

Chapter 3: Ore Module 21

Chapter 3: Ore Module This chapter discusses the new functionality that is found in the Ore Module of SurvCADD.

Make Block Model This is the initial command to begin using the block modeling features of the Ore/Hardrock Module. It uses similar grid logic, for location and resolution. It will take a strata or bed and subdivide it into vertical divisions. This can be applied to stratafied deposits, or ore based geology, where it is not stratafied, such as limestone or copper/gold/silver. In these ore type cases, the strata name could be just rock, or limestone all the way down the hole. It would then look at just the quality being modeled as the variable. The program takes this interval, makes a roof and a floor and divides it up equally into the number of vertical divisions specified.

It uses 3D Inverse Distance as the modeling method to produce the block model of the quality values. The distance weight for the 3D inverse distance is the combination of the x-y distance and the z distance. This vertical factor is multiplied by the z distance. So if there is no special correlation in the deposit for vertical, then the vertical factor should be set to 1. If there is some strata-like correlation based on deposit level, then this vertical factor should be set greater than 1, such as 10.

After the routine is finished calculating, it creates a *.BLK file. This file can be viewed in a text editor to see what it contains, as shown here. Basically, it shows the roof and floor, the quality attribute name and the grid paths.

Prompts:

Use position from another file or pick grid position [<Pick>/File]? F

Number of Vertical Divisions <4>: 10

Vertical Weight Factor <1.00>: Enter

Select drillholes to process.

Select objects: ALL


11 found


Select objects: Enter for all

Reading drillhole 11

Calculating grid by inverse distances 25575...

Calculating 1 of 11 BTU grid

Writing grid> C:\Drawings\blockmodelcoal\test-BTU0.grd

(calculates all intervals)

Calculating 11 of 11 BTU grid

Writing grid> C:\Drawings\blockmodelcoal\test-BTU10.grd

Writing cell> 25575

Block model C:\Drawings\blockmodelcoal\test.blk written.

Keyboard Command: BLKMODEL


Prerequisite: Drillholes with variable quality values that can be modeled.

Define Grade Parameters Function: This command is the attribute file for the block model. It contains the attributes, grade names and the ranges.

Choosing Add or Edit brings up the Edit Grade Parameters screen for up to 5 parameters at once to define a grade and color.

The Draw Legend button places a legend in the drawing as shown here where the grade name is displayed next to the color sample in the legend. The user chooses the legend layer and size.


Prompts:

Command: DEFATTRF

Pick location for legend: pick location on screen

Layer name for legend <LEGEND>: Enter to select

Size for legend <20.0>: Enter or change size

Keyboard Command: DEFATTRF


Prerequisite: Need to run Make Block Model first to get the BLK file. Then define the quality/grade parameter values and their color scheme.

Draw Block Model Function: This draws what is representing the block model in the drawing as colored “dots” or point nodes.

These may be viewed in 3D in AutoCAD to see the various grades, or loaded into the 3D Viewer Window. It detects the block model and prompts to be rendered.


This will give a 3D rendered image of the blocks colored by grade as shown here. Using the Advanced Options of the 3D Viewer Window, colors can be turned on or off to see what is in the center, behind other grades.

Be aware, that in this version, it will run very slow on most computers, while it draws or renders the points. Work is in progress to make this work more efficiently.

The first step is to select the *.BLK file, the select the *.GPF file.

Prompts: drawblkm

Keyboard Command: drawblkm


Prerequisite: Need a *.BLK file and a *.GPF file from Make Block Model and Define Grade Parameters.

Color Elevation Grid by Block Model Function: This will color the 3D faces of an elevation grid plotted on screen based on the Grade Parameter File or by a single attribute, where the color palette is selected separately. Shown below is a flat grid set to elevation 250, then colored by the grade parameter file, showing the grades intersecting that elevation.


Prompts: After selecting the Block model file (*.BLK), the following dialog box prompts for Single or File for the color scheme. File would use the predefined *.GPF file. Single leads to the next dialog box to specify the ranges.

The result is a colored grid mesh that can be rendered and viewed in 3D.

Reading cell> 4828

Select 3D Faces to Process... type all or window the faces




Keyboard Command: BLKCOLOR


Prerequisite: Need a *.BLK model file.

Define Fill/Cut Function: This routine defines the template for the fill or cut sequence. Slope, colors, surfaces and boundaries are specified and saved for processing.

Prompts: The various dialog boxes are defined below.


Keyboard Command: rampdesign


Prerequisite: Need a boundary and a surface. These could either be selected on screen in AutoCAD or saved as files.

Load: This loads a previously saved template file. They have the *.RMP extension.

Save: This saves the currently defined Fill/Cut template to a *.RMP file.

Clear: Choosing Clear will clear all entries in the template. Use this command if the program is producing errors while running and start over. Sometimes remnants of other templates are still being used, and it is best to start over instead of trying to replace the templates.

Colors: Selecting the Colors button brings up the Colors dialog box. Here you choose a color for the breaklines created for the Road, Slope and Bench.

Cut or Fill: This is the determining setting if the program will cut down or fill up from the boundary.

Horizontal Resolution: This is the setting for how often a horizontal breakline will be drawn. Breaklines will be drawn closer in corners and intersections, but never larger than this resolution. These are the breaklines that run from the top to the bottom of the slope.


Vertical Resolution: This is the setting for how often a vertical breakline will be drawn. These are the breaklines that run around the disturbance area, parallel with the benches. It works well if the vertical resolution is less than the bench height, putting a breakline in between the slopes. Here a bench is defined as a flat or nearly flat section in the template between two sloping surfaces.

Force Road Method: There are two methods by which the stepping is done. A simple method, and the more complex method that is used by the Road option. If you have a very complex boundary that the regular, simple method doesn’t handle well, use this option. It does not place a road unless that is turned on in the next screen. It just uses the road algorithm. There is no reason to use this method for simple cuts or fills. If they look fine, then leave this off. It will run much slower with this option turned on, so leave it off unless you need some more intelligence. If you have a fill with more than one peak, then you will need to leave the Force Road Method off, as it uses the road logic, and draws a road only to the first peak created.

Boundary: Selecting this button leads to the Boundary Line dialog box for specifying the perimeter line and the surface or elevations of the line.

Boundary Line Definitions

Select in AutoCAD: This option will take you to AutoCAD with the pick box active, ready to select the polyline for the perimeter.

Read PLN File: This will prompt for a *.PLN file to use as the perimeter.

Min(imum) Line Length: This setting will break the segments of the polyline into sections of at least this many units (feet or meters) in addition to the actual vertices on the polyline. This is needed for the Select Points for This Template command seen below.

Same As Last Run: Selecting this option brings up the perimeter that was used last run. The large preview window displays the perimeter line that will be used, so it is easy to verify.

Use Values On Boundary Line: If the selected polyline is 3D, then it will use the elevations of the polyline.

Model By Triangulation (FLT) File: Selecting this option will prompt for the FLT file to use for the polyline elevations.

Model By Grid (GRD) File: Selecting this option will prompt for the GRD file to use for the polyline elevations.

Use Elevation: Selecting this option will prompt for the elevation to use for the perimeter. It will be a flat line at this elevation.

Prev(ious): Selecting this button takes you back to the main layout screen.

Process And Continue: Once the perimeter and source of elevations are chosen, you select Process And Continue to define the templates.

Slope Design Templates


This Slope Extends to Elevation : Selecting one of the five options here determines what the slope will go to.

• Elevation: The fill or the cut will go to this elevation.

• Grid: The fill or the cut will go to the selected grid file (*.GRD).

• TIN: The fill or the cut will go to the selected TIN file (*.FLT).

• Min Area: The fill or the cut will go to an elevation where the area of the top or bottom will not go below this value in square feet or meters.

• Ultimate Slope: The fill or cut will continue until the maximum height or depth is attained. This gives a peak in a fill or a V shaped pit bottom.

Next Slope: Selecting this option will take you to the next slope group. This is shown by the “1 of 1” text in the upper right corner.

Delete Slope: Selecting this option deletes the current slope group.

Add Slope: Selecting this option adds a new slope group. The templates will be applied to each slope group separately. For example, one set of templates can cut down at a 1:1 to a certain elevation or file—top or rock for example. The next slope group can continue down at a 0.5:1 slope to the bottom.

Zoom Functions: There are 6 zoom functions for changing the view in the preview window: Zoom Out, Zoom In, Zoom Previous, Zoom Extents, Zoom Window and Pan.

Done: After everything is defined, this option goes back to the previous screen.

Road On: Selecting this option will use the road building algorithm and build a road with the entered parameters.

• Width: Specify a total road width in feet or meters.

• Slope %: Enter the road slope in percent, i.e., 12.

• Clockwise: Choosing this makes the road wind clockwise, leaving it blank creates the road winding counterclockwise.

• Select Start Section: You must select where to begin the road on the preview of the perimeter. The selection must cross the perimeter line as shown above with the short black line on the far right of the perimeter line. Just pick the two points with two left mouse clicks.


• Bench Transition Length: This is the distance the road goes flat across the bench, until it starts up or down again.

• Taper to Bench Inside: This is the other option if there isn’t a Bench Transition Length desired. This will “hug” the inside of the bench until the road gets across it.

Template Design

Hold Elevation or Hold Distance: When making changes in the template, one of these two columns must remain fixed. You select which one will stay, while the other changes if you modify the slope or any other parameter.

Template Base Elevation: Enter in a starting elevation if the bench interval desired is above or below what the program is calculating. Normally, benches are created at logical increments of the template, such as 1050, 1100, 1150, etc. If you want benches at 1055, 1105, 1155, etc, then you would enter 5 in the base elevation for example. This value will basically offset you benches up or down this amount.

Delta Distance, Delta Elevation, H-V Ratio, Slope %, Slope Degrees: This is the section to enter in the slope and benches. The first five columns may be used, other variables will be calculated if another is modified. The last two, Total Distance and Total Elevation are locked, and cannot be used. For flat benches, just enter a Delta Distance, with 0 as the Delta Elevation. A preview of the slope group will appear in the preview box. If it doesn’t show up for some reason, you may need to save the RMP file, close the program and restart it. This will reset the template preview window.

Bench Taper Length: Enter in the distance for a bench to taper from zero width to the full width.

Variable Bench Design: This option will keep the same bench/slope ratio while the bench widens to its full thickness. If the template has a 45 degree slope, 50’ high, and a 50’ bench, then as the slope increases its height, the bench width will increase at the same ratio/rate. If the bench height to width is always 5:1, then that ratio will always be produced in the widening of the bench.

Next Template: Selecting this button brings up the next template defined. If there is only one, the bottom of the window is red, and nothing happens. If you have other templates defined (with the Add Template), then it will scroll through them. Each will have a distinct color to show where they correlate to the perimeter in the preview window

Add Template: This will add a new, empty template to the design. Each new template added will have its own, unique color to keep them organized.

Select Points For This Template: After a template is defined, this option defines where on the perimeter, the program will apply this set of slopes and benches. You must pick a starting point and run clockwise to pick the last point. The perimeter line will change color to match the template color. This lets you know where each template is defined. If there is only one template (the initial red one), then the entire perimeter line is red to match it.

Process Fill/Cut Function: This routine is simply the execution of the Define Fill/Cut. It creates the 3D design of the fill or cut. Some examples are shown below.


Valley Fill Example

Stockpile with Ramp Example

Benched Pit with Ramp Example

Prompts: No prompting. It processes the current RMP file.


Keyboard Command: RAMP


Prerequisite: Need to have run Define Fill/Cut and created a template.

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