xml at work john arnett, msc standards modeller information and statistics division nhsscotland tel:...
TRANSCRIPT
XML at WorkJohn Arnett, MScStandards ModellerInformation and Statistics DivisionNHSScotlandTel: 0131 551 8073 (x2073)mailto:[email protected]://isdscotland.org/xml
Contents
• XML Usage• Enabling Technologies• XML Applications
– XML Messaging and Web Services
– XML in Presentation– XML in Application Logic– XML Data Storage and Content
Management
XML Usage
– Human readable – Structured and searchable– Separates data from
presentation– Self-describing – Extensible – any number of tags
allowed– Meta-markup language
• Key features
XML Usage
• Open standard, promoted by many vendor-neutral organisations, incl.– W3C– OASIS (Organization for Structured
Information Standards)– HL7 (Health Level 7)– OMG (Object Management Group)– UK Government
XML Usage
• Widely supported by software vendors and open source groups, incl.
Enabling Technologies
– Language for locating parts of a document
– Provides a syntax for navigating XML document trees
– Designed for use by XSLT and XPointer
• XPath (XML Path Language)
Enabling Technologies
• XLink (XML Linking Language)
doc1doc1 doc2doc2
– Simple (unidirectional) links
doc3doc3doc2doc2doc1doc1
– Extended (multidirectional) links
– Language for linking resources
Enabling Technologies
– Language for referencing specific points in a document
– Uses XPath– May be used with XLink to
reference specific points in linked documents
• XPointer (XML Pointer Language)
XML Applications
Data Storage & Content
Management
Application Logic
Application Logic
Application Logic
Presentation
PresentationPresentati
on
Presentation
Messaging & Web Services
Messaging
– Ideal for data interchange•Text based•Open•Self describing•Extensible
– Exchanged between applications on the same network or over the Internet/Extranet
XML Messaging
• XML Messages
XML Messaging
– Health Care •Health Level 7, v3
– Government•UK GovTalkTM schemas
– B2B transactions•ebXML
– Financial Services reporting•XBRL
• XML Business Vocabularies, e.g.
Web Services
• Allow systems to communicate over the internet using XML messages
• Used for– remote lookups and service calls – enterprise application integration– electronic B2B exchange
• Set of emerging standards, incl. SOAP, WSDL and UDDI
Web Services
– Lightweight, XML–based protocol for exchanging information over the internet
– Language, platform and transport independent
– v1.2 W3C Recommendation
• SOAP (“Simple Object Access Protocol”)
Web Services
– XML-based language for describing services available on the internet
• WSDL (Web Services Definition Language)
Web Services
– Information Services•business details (white pages)•business categories (yellow pages)
•available services (green pages)– Operations
•service registration •finding and using services
• UDDI (Universal Description, Discovery and Integration) directory services
XML for Presentation
– Developed by WC3 as XML-based successor to HTML
– Written using well-formed XML– Backwards compatible– Current version (1.1) designed
to be extended using modules
• XHTML (Extensible HTML)
XML for Presentation
– Enables XML to be presented in other XML or non-XML formats – esp. as HTML
– v1.0 W3C Recommendation– Can be used to create dynamic
web-forms, e.g. WSDL to HTML
• XSL (Extensible Stylesheet Language)
XML for Presentation
– WML (Wireless Markup Language) for mobile devices
– SVG (Scaleable Vector Graphics)– Scientific vocabularies
•CML (Chemical Markup Language)
•MathML (Mathematical Markup Language)
• Other XML presentation technologies
XML in Application Logic
• DOM (Document Object Model) – API for in-memory document
manipulation using a node-based tree structure
XML in Application Logic
• SAX (Simple API for XML)– Alternative, event-driven API,
used for parsing large documents
XML Data Storage
– Web and file servers– XML enabled databases– Native XML
repositories/databases
• Document storage solutions incl.
XML Data Storage
– Enables SQL-like querying of XML documents using XPath
– W3C Working draft
• XQuery
XML & Content Management
– W3C recommendation for describing information contained in web resources•i.e. anything that can be addressed with a URL
– Dublin Core is an RDF vocabulary for describing web pages
• RDF (Resource Description Framework)
XML & Content Management
– Used to automatically send (or push) web content to subscribers•e.g. subscibers can obtain regular news updates from a news website
– RSS (Rich Site Summary) is a smilar application developed by Netscape
• Microsoft CDF (Channel Definition Format)
XML & Content Management
– Framework for indexing data and document resources using URI’s
– Consist of: •topics•associations•occurences
– XML Topic Maps (XTM) 1.0 Specification – ISO Standard 13250
• Topic Maps
The XML Standards Family
Adapted from http://www.idealliance.org/XMLRoadmap/WEB/xmlstdill.htm
SGML
HTML
XML Schema (XSDL)
XML
XML Core
CS
S
DO
M
XH
TM
L
XS
L &
XS
LT
XP
OIN
TER
&
XLIN
K
XQ
UER
Y
SO
AP
WS
DL
SV
G
WM
LC
DF
eb
XM
LC
ML
RDF
PIC
S
P3P
In Summary…
• Open standard, widely supported by many organisations
• Applications include– Messaging and web services– Presentation and application
logic– Data storage and content
management
Find Out More
• World Wide Web Consortium– www.w3.org
Messaging and Web Sevices
• W3C Web Services Activity– www.w3.org/2002/ws/
• Web Services Interoperability– www.ws-i.org
• XMethods– www.xmethods.org/
• Enterprise Integration Patterns– www.enterpriseintegrationpatterns.c
om
XML Vocabularies
• Scottish Health and Community Care XML Steering Group– www.isdscotland.org/xml
• GovTalk Schemas and Standards– www.govtalk.gov.uk/schemasst
andards/schemasstandards.asp
• Health Level 7– www.hl7.org
XHTML and XSL
• W3C HyperText Markup Language (HTML) Home Page– www.w3.org/MarkUp/
• The Extensible Stylesheet Language Family (XSL)– www.w3.org/Style/XSL/