The caduceus (☤; /kəˈduːsiːəs/ or /kəˈdjuːʃəs/; from Greek κηρύκειον kērukeion "herald's staff"[2] ) is

the staff carried by Hermes in Greek mythology. The same staff was also borne by heralds in

general, for example by Iris, the messenger of Hera. It is a short staff entwined by twoserpents,

sometimes surmounted by wings. In Roman iconography, it was often depicted being carried in the

left hand of Mercury, the messenger of the gods, guide of the dead and protector of merchants,

shepherds, gamblers, liars, and thieves.[3]

As a symbolic object, it represents Hermes (or the Roman Mercury), and by extension trades,

occupations, or undertakings associated with the god. In later Antiquity, the caduceus provided the

basis for the astrological symbol representing the planet Mercury. Thus, through its use

inastrology and alchemy, it has come to denote the elemental metal of the same name. It is said the

wand would wake the sleeping and send the awake to sleep. If applied to the dying, their death was

gentle; if applied to the dead, they returned to life.[4]

By extension of its association with Mercury and Hermes, the caduceus is also a recognized symbol

of commerce and negotiation, two realms in which balanced exchange and reciprocity are

recognized as ideals.[5][6] This association is ancient, and consistent from the Classical period to

modern times.[7] The caduceus is also used as a symbol representing printing, again by extension of

the attributes of Mercury (in this case associated with writing and eloquence).

The caduceus is often used incorrectly as a symbol of healthcare organizations and medical

practice (especially in North America), due to confusion with the traditional medical symbol, the rod

of Asclepius, which has only one snake and is never depicted with wings.