Writing ProcessesWriting ProcessesWriting ProcessesWriting Processes

• If you writing is filled with something like—weak ideas, poor reasoning, and lack of clarity,

• Remember: your writing is not going to improve overnight, but it will, day by day, little by little, if you keep on practicing.

Step One: Prewriting/ Planning

• Aspects concerned: ideas, topic, purpose, audience

• Possible methods: – Get the ideas! (On my diary: The best

way to get a good idea is to get a lot of ideas.)

– Where can you get the ideas?

Step One: Prewriting/ Planning

• magazines/newspapers/periodicals/CD-ROM

• conduct an interview based on your topic

• media - radio, TV, Internet

• experiences • film - movies and

documentaries • music • visual art - observing or

creating • dreams • memories

• discussion and brainstorming

• responding to literature • role playing • research • imagination • personal interest

inventories • class interest inventory

• other

Step One: Prewriting/ Planning

• Possible methods:– Try writing down something!

• How can you start prewriting?

Step One: Prewriting/ Planning– free writing – journalling – image streaming (transplant yourself

to another place or time and describe from a first person point of view)

– lists – visualization – brainstorming - individually or as a group – webbing/mapping/clustering – graphic organizers – topic or word chart

Step Two: Writing/drafting

• Aspects concerned: an outline to help you organize, an introduction to grab the attention of the audience, details that keep them interested, and a conclusion to end your writing

• For a story, it should have a beginning, middle, and end.

Step Two: Writing/drafting

• One reminder: – If you feel that you are lacking

content, go back to your prewriting for more ideas and details.  

Step Three: Revising• Revising is . . .

– making decisions about how you want to improve your writing

– looking at your writing from a different point of view

– picking places where your writing could be clearer, moreinteresting, more informative and more convincing.

• It’s the key to progress in writing.

Step Three: Revising• Tips: try A.R.M.S.

– A: add– R: remove– M: move around– S: substitute

Step Three: Revising• Can you read it out loud without

stumbling?

• Is the series of events logical?  Do they relate?

• Is it clear what your goal or your main character's goal is throughout the piece of writing?

• Are vivid/descriptive words used to describe characters and/or events?

• Is your train of thought clear?  Are there any tangents?

Step Three: Revising• Do you use a variety of verbs throughout the p

iece? (Something instead of "SAID") • Is it wordy and redundant? Are you using the s

ame words and phrases over and over again?

• Is there a catchy introduction? Does the conclusion leave the reader thinking?

• Do supporting details support only the topic sentence of that paragraph?

Step Three: Revising• Are transitional devices used throughout? • Is there a strong hook, thesis and lead-in? • Is proper format followed throughout? • Are all sentences complete or are there sen

tence fragments? • Is a vivid mental picture created in the read

er's mind? • Have you completed sentence expansion w

here necessary? (NO "HE RAN!")

Step Four: Editing• Editing is . . .

– spelling – capitalization – punctuation – grammar – sentence structure – subject/verb agreement – consistent verb tense – word usage

Step Four: Editing• Read your own work backwards.

Read the last sentence, then the second last sentence, etc. Does each sentence make sense when you read it on it's own? Do you see or hear any errors in the sentence?

Step Five: Publishing• Do your best and pray for a good

score! :p

Let’s brainstorm on writing in an exam

Let’s brainstorm on writing in an exam

• Things to consider:

• Possible steps: