world war ii a world in flames. map of europe axis powers orange allied powers green
TRANSCRIPT
WORLD WAR II
A WORLD IN FLAMES
MAP OF EUROPE
AXIS POWERS ORANGE
ALLIED POWERS GREEN
AMERICA AND THE WORLDITALY
Benito Mussolini -- dictator of Italy Il Duce “The Leader” Fascist Militia -- black shirts, loyal to Mussolini
and carried out his orders
Believed that a nation must have a strong leader to maintain order (FACISM) -aggressive nationalism
RUSSIA Vladimir Lenin -- leader of the Bolshevik
Revolution in Russia (1917)
1922 Russia was renamed the USSR -- when this happened they took over more land
Communist Rule -- one party controls the power
1924 -- Lenin dies and a power struggle for control occurs
1926 -- Joseph Stalin becomes the new leader
GERMANY Nazi Party (National Socialist German Workers
Party)
1923 -- March on Munich, Germany Hitler arrested Reichstag -- lower house of the German
parliament 1932 -- NAZI’s were the largest group in the
Reichstag
1934 -- Hitler becomes the leader of Germany
JAPAN
Japan felt destined to rule much of East Asia
Manchuria -- part of northern China and very rich in resources
1931 -- Japan invaded Manchuria to seize resources
ISOLATIONISM ISOLATIONSIM REMAINING OUT OF
FOREIGN AFFAIRS WHY DID THE U.S. TRY
TO PRACTICE THIS AFTER WWI?
1. COUNTRIES OWED THEM MONEY
2. FELT BETRAYED AFTER THE WAR BY COMPANIES THAT HAD PROFITED FROM THE WAR
(NYE COMMITTEE)
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More Key Events From World War II Neutrality Act of 1935 -- passed by Congress
to make selling arms to warring countries illegal Spanish Civil War -- rebellion in Spain in 1936
led by Francisco Franco The rebellion led to an alliance between Hitler
and Mussolini ( eventually the AXIS powers with Japan)
Internationalism -- started developing in the U.S. after FDR was elected President (1936)
he believed trade between countries could help with prosperity
1937 we send aid to help China
HITLER’S RISE TO POWER Hitler rose very
quickly to become one of the most ruthless leaders the world has ever seen.QuickTime™ and a
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HITLER TIME LINE 1924 -- NAZI PARTY
OUTLAWED (HITLER REBUILDS)
1932 -- NAZIS GET 38% OF THE REICHSTAG (GERMAN PARLIAMENT)
HITLER GAINS A LOT OF POWER
JAN. 1933 -- GERMAN PRES. VON HINDENBURG NAMES HITLER CHANCELLOR
WWI -- ROSE TO RANK OF CORPORAL
INJURED1919-- ATTENDED 1ST NAZI
MEETING ORGANIZED PRIVATE ARMY OF STORM
TROOPERS1923 -- BEER HALL PUTSCH,
NAZIS TRIED TO OVERTROW THE GERMAN GOV.
HITLER IS ARRESTED AND WRITES A BOOK IN PRISON “MEIN KAMPF
MY STRUGGLE”
HITLER IS “DE FUHRER”FEB. 4, 1933 --HITLER CONTROLS THE POLICEFEB. 27, 1933 --FIRE DESTROYS THE REICHSTAG
(HITLER BLAMES THE COMMUNISTS AND BEGINS TO JAIL AND KILL OPPONENTS)
AUG. 1934 -- VON HINDENBURG DIES HITLER APPOINTS HIMSELF “DE FUHRER” THE
LEADER BEGINS TO RID THE GOVERNMENT OF ANYONE
WHO STANDS IN HIS WAY
WHO HELPED HITLER?
Herman Goering - 2nd in command head of the luftwaffe-- German Air Force
Rudolf Hess - Hitler’s private secretary
Heinrich Himmler - Leader of the SS
Joseph Goebbles - Propaganda
WORLD WAR II BEGINS
To avoid war, the allies agreed to give Hitler what he wanted.(APPEASEMENT)
Other reasons for doing this:1. Reunite German speaking people
2. Believed the NAZIS would stop3. Avoid WORLD WAR II
Land Hitler Invaded before WAR :1. AUSTRIA - March 1939
created ANSCHLUSS - unification of Germany and Austria
2. Sudetenland (part of Czechoslovakia)last democratic Gov. in EuropeCzech. Was allied with France and USSR
MUNICH CONFERENCE Representatives from Britain, France, Italy and Germany
met in Munich Germany to decide Czech fate.
Neville Chamberlain - Prime Minister of Britain
Agreed to Hitler’s demands (appeasement)
Hitler was not satisfied, he wants Danzig -- port city in Poland
French and British say We Will Fight
Nazis and USSR sign the NON-AGGRESSION PACT -- agree to split Poland
BLITZKRIEG
September 1, 1939 --Germany invades Poland
Blitzkrieg -- lightning warfare (strike fast)
September 3, 1939 -- WWII begins with France and Britain declaring war on Germany
Poland fell to the Germans in 3 weeks
The Fall of France
Hitler took Norway and Denmark before setting his sights on France
France waited for German attack at the Maginot Line -- Line of concrete bunkers built after WWI
** the line runs along the border of France and Germany
Miracle at Dunkirk Germans were pushing the allies to the Sea
Dunkirk was the only surviving port in France
Hitler orders his troops to stop advancing for 3 days. This gave the British and French time to evacuate.
Saved 338,000 men Lost 90,000 rifles, 7,000 tons of ammo &120,000 vehicles
BRITAIN HOLDS ON WINSTON CHURCHILL --Prime minister of
Britain Battle of Britain
Air battle in the fall of 1940 London was accidentally bombed so
Churchill bombed Berlin, in response Hitler pounded London
The British Royal Air Force vs. Luftwaffe RAF had the advantage of radar Hitler gave up in Oct., 1940
AMERICA ENTERS THE WAR U.S. MOVES AWAY FROM ISOLATIONISM
NEUTRALITY ACT OF 1939 --warring nations could buy weapons on a cash
and carry basis DESTROYERS FOR BASES --U.S. sold old destroyers to Britain in exchange
for building bases in UK territory AMERICA FIRST COMMITTEE -- wanted the U.S. to remain isolated -- Charles Lindbergh and Hoover WENDELL WILKIE Vs. FDR (1940)
CLOSER TO WAR
LEND-LEASE ACT -- U.S. would lend money to Britain
HEMISPHERIC DEFENSE ZONE -- states the west part of Atlantic was neutral
AUG. 1941 --Churchill and FDR meet What do they decide:1. Committed to democracy2. Nonaggression and free trade
PROBLEMS IN THE PACIFIC
Japanese Aggression-- attacking Britain in the PacificHOW DOES THE U.S. RESPOND1. Used economic pressure2. Limited shipments of iron and oil to
Japan3. Sent Douglas MacArthur to the
Pacific
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PEARL HARBOR DECEMBER 7,
1941 -- “A DATE WHICH WILL LIVE IN INFAMY”
JAPAN ATTACKS A U.S. NAVAL BASE IN HAWAII
DECEMBER 10, 1941 U.S. DECLARES WAR
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PEARL HARBOR
JAPAN SANK 21 SHIPS, DESTROYED 188 AIRPLANES, INJURED 1,178 AND KILLED 2403 AMERICANS