World Population

World Population Distribution 2000World Population Distribution 2000

GangesYangtze R.

Yellow R

.

Taklimakan Desert &

Kunlun Mts.

SAHARA DESERT

SIBERIA

The OUTBACK

NILE

JAPA

N

Population Growth• 7 billion people live on 17% of

the planet’s land

Population Growth• Population should reach 7.8 billion by 2025.

Population Growth• Population is so high because birthrates

have not declined as fast as death rates.

Birth Rate• Number of births per year for every

1,000 people

1000

People

per

Birth Rate• In some areas (ex. Asia,

Africa, Latin America) the birthrate is high b/c of cultural beliefs about marriage, family, and the value of children.

World Fertility Rate

Death Rate• Number of deaths per year for every

1,000 people

1000

People

per

World Death Rate

Why have death rates gone down?

• Improved health care

• Abundance of food

• Better living conditions

• Cultural attitudes

Natural Increase• The difference between an

area’s birthrate and death rate

• This does not include immigration or emigration

minus= Natural

Increase

Challenges with population growth

• Doubling time: the amount of years it takes a population to double in size

• Challenges:

– Difficulty producing enough food to feed them

– Use up resources more quickly

– Population unevenly distributed by age

Where do Where do the people live?the people live?

Population DensityNumber of peoplePopulation Distribution

oUrban oRural

Who are the people?Who are the people?Demographics oAge oRace oGender

Defining the PopulationDefining the Population

Shirkers Workers Shirkersbirth 18 60 death

World Population Growth Rate

The History of Human Population Growth &

Distribution 1 AD – 2030

The 8 Frames shown:•1 AD•1800•when the population reached the first billion•the years the population reached each successive billion •2030 - the year that 8.2 billion people are expected to inhabit the Earth if current growth rates continue

Population Pyramids

Composition or StructureComposition or Structure

• The Composition or Structure of a population is determined by its makeup in terms of demographics –Age–Gender–Education–Marital Status–etc.

Age-Gender PyramidAge-Gender Pyramid• This type of pyramid displays the % of each age

group in the total population (normally done in 5 year groups) by a horizontal bar whose length represents its share of the population.– It instantly conveys the demographic situation of a

country

– In LDCs, pyramids actually look like a pyramid.– In MDCs, pyramids look more like a rectangle with a

slight bulge in the middle (reflecting the aging of the population…which creates problems of its own…)

U.S. - 2000U.S. - 2000

U.S. - 2025U.S. - 2025

U.S. - 2050U.S. - 2050

• When the annual death rate exceeds the annual birth rate

• Hungary and Germany

• Economics may be difficult to find enough workers to keep the economy going

Negative Population Growth

Population Distribution• is the pattern of human settlement

• People live on 30% of land b/c much of the earth’s land is inhospitable

• Most people live where there is fertile soil, available water, & a climate w/o harsh extremes

• Asia alone has 60% of the earth’s people

Population DensityPopulation Density• The average number of people living on

a square mile of land• How do we figure this out?

– Take the population of a country• Ex: U.S. 310,414,105 for U.S.

– Divide by the number of square miles• Ex: 3,537,441 mi² for United States

– Equals: Population Density• United States: 88 people per mi²

FactorsFactors High DensityHigh Density Low DensityLow Density ReliefRelief Low land which is flat

(ex. Ganges Valley - India)

High land that is

mountainous (ex. Himalayas)

(shape & height (shape & height

of land)of land)

ResourcesResources

Areas rich in resources (coal, oil, wood,

fishing, etc.) tend to be

densely populated (ex. Western Europe)

Areas with few resources tend to

be sparsely populated

(ex. The Sahel)

ClimateClimate

Areas with temperate climates tend to be

densely populated as there is enough rain

and heat to grow crops (ex. UK)

Areas with extreme climates of hot and

cold tend to be sparsely populated (ex. Sahara

Desert)

World Population Density

Population Movement• Urbanization

- growth of city populations brought about by migration

- changes that come w/ increase in population

• About ½ of the world’s population live in cities

• Population of Mexico City rose from 5 million to 18 million from 1960 to 2000

• Movement also occurs between countries• People who move

from one country to another are called Emigrants

in their homeland and Immigrants

in their new country

• Refugees – people fleeing to another country to escape persecution or disaster

• Internally Displaced – people fleeing to another place within the SAME country to escape persecution or disaster (ex. Katrina victims fleeing New Orleans and coming to Houston.)