wml

Wireless Markup Language

WML was designed to describe content and format for presenting data on devices with limited bandwidth, limited screen size and limited user input capability. WML is a tagged language similar to HTML.Features of WML:

Text and Image support: Formatting and layout commands are provided for text and image support. Deck/card organizational metaphor: WML documents are subdivided into well-defined cards. Users navigate by moving back and forth between card s. Support for navigation among cards and decks: WML documents provide support for event handling which is used for navigation.

WML Tags:Tag Description

Deck Structure<access> Access control<card> Card Definition<head> Deck level Information<template> Deck level event bindings<wml> Deck definition

Content<img> Image<p> Paragraph<table> Table<td> Table data<tr> Table row

Formatting<b> Bold<big> Large font<br> Next line<small> Small font<strong> Strong font

User Input<input> Data entry<option> Single choice in a List<select> Choice List

Variables<post field> Set an http request variable<setvar> Set a variable in task

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Tasks<go> Go to a URL<noop> No action<prev> Go to previous card<refresh> Screen redraw

Tasks/Event Bindings<a> Abbreviated anchor<anchor> Anchor<do> Response to user button press

WMLScript:

It is similar to javascript. It is designed for defining script-type programs in a user device with limited processing power and memory.

Features of WMLScript:

Javascript based scripting language: WMLscript is a subset of javascript. Procedural Logic: It adds power of procedural logic to Wireless Application Environment. Event Based: WMLScript may be invoked in response to certain user environmental events. Compiled implementation: It can be compiled down to a more efficient byte code that is transported to client.

WMLScript Stataments:

Statement Description= AssignmentBreak Terminate current loopContinue Current loop iterationFor Indexed loopfunction Function declarationreturn Exit the current functionvar Variable declaration

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Program 1: Write a program for card Navigation.

WML Code:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <!DOCTYPE wml PUBLIC "-//WAPFORUM//DTD WML 1.3//EN" "http://www.wapforum.org/DTD/wml13.dtd"> <wml> <template>

<do type="accept" label="Home"><go href="#index"/></do>

</template>

<card id="index" title="Welcome"> <p align="center"> <big><b>Welcome</b></big> </p> <p> <anchor> <go href="#card2"/> Go to card 2 </anchor> </p><do type="accept">

<noop/></do> </card>

<card id = "card2" title="aditya"><p> <big><b>This is card 2</b></big>

<br></br><a href="#index">Home</a><br></br><a href="#card3">go to card3</a><br></br><a href="#card4">go to card4</a><br></br>

</p></card><card id="card3" title="aditya"> <p> <big><b>This is card 3</b></big>

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<br></br><a href="#index">Home</a><br></br><a href="#card2">go to card2</a><br></br><a href="#card4">go to card4</a><br></br>

</p><p><table columns="3"> <tr> <td>Cell 1</td> <td>Cell 2</td> <td>Cell 3</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Cell 1</td> <td>Cell 2</td> <td>Cell 3</td> </tr></table></p></card>

<card id="card4" title="aditya"> <p> <big><b>This is card 4</b></big>

<br></br><a href="#index">Home</a><br></br><a href="#card2">go to Card 2</a><br></br><a href="#card3">go to Card 3</a><br></br>

</p>

<p>

<img src="image001.gif" alt="Smile" height="5" width="5" /><br/>

Welcome

</p>

</card>

</wml>

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Output:

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Program 2: Write a Program to make an interactive interface asking user to enter details and show that details in the next card.

First Name Last Name Password Gender Hobbies Qualification

WML Code:<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <!DOCTYPE wml PUBLIC "-//WAPFORUM//DTD WML 1.3//EN" "http://www.wapforum.org/DTD/wml13.dtd"> <wml> <card id="card1" title="aditya"> <p align="left"> <big><b>First Name </b></big>

<input name="fn" size="15"/> <big><b>Last Name </b></big>

<input name="ln" size="15"/> <big><b>Password </b></big>

<input name="ps" size="15" type="password"/> <big><b>Gender </b></big>

<select name="gn"><option value="Male">Male</option><option value="Female">Female</option>

</select> <big><b>Hobbies </b></big>

<select name="hb" multiple="true"><option value="Tenis">Tenis</option><option value="cricket">cricket</option><option value="Hocky">Hocky</option>

</select> <big><b>Qualification</b></big> <select name="qn">

<option value="BE">BE</option><option value="MCA">MCA</option>

</select> <a href="#card2">Submit</a> </p> </card> <card id="card2" title="aditya">

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<p><b>First name:</b> $(fn)<br></br> <b>Last name:</b> $(ln)<br></br><b>Password:</b> $(ps)<br></br><b>Gender:</b> $(gn)<br></br> <b>Qualification:</b> $(qn)<br></br><b>Hobbies:</b> $(hb)<br></br>

</p></card> </wml>

Output:

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Program 3: Write a Program to validate Password. It should have following fields: Login Password Country

Display error message if any of the fields is empty or length of password is less than 6 characters.

WML code:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <!DOCTYPE wml PUBLIC "-//WAPFORUM//DTD WML 1.3//EN" "http://www.wapforum.org/DTD/wml13.dtd"> <wml> <card id="card1" title="LOGIN"> <do type="accept" label="Login"> <go href="valid.wmls#validate()"/> </do> <p align="left">

Login: <input name="login" size="10"/>Password:<input name="password" type="password" size="10"/>Country: <input name="country" size="10"/>

</p> </card> <card id="card2" title="Username Empty"> <p>User field is empty..</p> </card> <card id="card3" title="Password Empty"> <p>Password field is empty..</p> </card> <card id="card4" title="Password length"> <p>Password size at least 6</p> </card> <card id="card5" title="Country Empty"> <p>Country field is empty..</p> </card> <card id="card6" title="Login Successful"> <p>Login Successful..</p> </card></wml>

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WML Script:

extern function validate(){

var log = WMLBrowser.getVar("login");var pass = WMLBrowser.getVar("password");var ctry = WMLBrowser.getVar("country");var temp = String.length(pass);if(String.isEmpty(log))

WMLBrowser.go("P3Validation.wml#card2");else if(String.isEmpty(pass))

WMLBrowser.go("P3Validation.wml#card3");else if(temp<6)

WMLBrowser.go("P3Validation.wml#card4");else if(String.isEmpty(ctry))

WMLBrowser.go("P3Validation.wml#card5");else

WMLBrowser.go("P3Validation.wml#card6");}

Output:

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Program 4: Write a Program to validate a Date.

WML Code:

<wml> <card id="card1" title="DateValidation"> <p>

<big><b>Date</b></big> <input name="dt" size="15"/>

<do type="Accept" label="OK"><go href="validation.wmls#valid()"/>

</do> </p>

<p align="center"> Date Should be in dd-mm-yyyy format

</p> </card> </wml>

WML Script:

extern function valid() of 23

{ var date1=WMLBrowser.getVar("dt");

var day=String.elementAt(date1,0,"-");var mo=String.elementAt(date1,1,"-");var year=String.elementAt(date1,2,"-");

var d=Lang.parseInt(day);var m=Lang.parseInt(mo);var y=Lang.parseInt(year);

if(m<1||m>12){

Dialogs.alert("Invalid Date");}else if(y%4==0&&m==2&&(d<1||d>29)){

Dialogs.alert("Invalid Date");}else if(y%4!=0&&m==2&&(d<1||d>28)){

Dialogs.alert("Invalid Date");}else if((m==1||m==3||m==5||m==7||m==8||m==10||m==12)&&(d>31||d<1)){

Dialogs.alert("Invalid Date");}else if((m==4||m==6||m==9||m==11)&&(d>30||d<1)){

Dialogs.alert("Invalid Date");}else{

Dialogs.alert("Valid Date");}

}

Output:

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Program 5: Write a Program to design a Registration Form.

WML Code:

<wml> <template> <do type="prev"><prev/></do> </template> <card id="card1" title="RegistrationForm"> <do type="unknown" label="REGISTER"> <go href="regVal.wmls#validate()"/> </do>

<p align="left"> <big><b>$(err1)</b></big>

<br></br> <big><b>First Name * </b></big> <input name="fname" size="8"/> <big><b>Last Name * </b></big>

<input name="lname" size="8"/>

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<big><b>Gender * </b></big> <select name="gender" multiple="false"> <option value="Male">Male</option> <option value="Female">Female</option> </select> <big><b>DOB * </b></big>

<input name="dob" size="8"/> <big><b>Email * </b></big> <input name="email" size="8"/> <big><b>User ID * </b></big> <input name="uid" size="8"/> <big><b>Password * </b></big> <input name="pass" size="8" type="password" /> </p> </card> <card id="card2" title="Card #2"> <p> <big><b>Successfully Registered</b></big> </p> </card> </wml>WML script:extern function validate() { var Login= WMLBrowser.getVar("dob"); var m = String.elementAt(Login,1,"-"); var d = String.elementAt(Login,0,"-"); var y = String.elementAt(Login,2,"-"); WMLBrowser.setVar("mon",m); WMLBrowser.setVar("day",d); WMLBrowser.setVar("yy",y); var mm=Lang.parseInt(m); var dd=Lang.parseInt(d); var yr=Lang.parseInt(y);

var fn=WMLBrowser.getVar("fname"); var ln=WMLBrowser.getVar("lname");

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if(dd > 28 || dd < 1) { WMLBrowser.setVar("err1","Invalid Date"); return false; } } } if(mm==1 || mm==3 || mm==5|| mm==7 || mm==8 || mm==10 || mm==12) { if(dd > 31 || dd < 1) { WMLBrowser.setVar("err1","Invalid Date"); return false; } } if(mm==4 || mm==6 || mm==9|| mm==11) { if(dd > 30 || dd < 1) { WMLBrowser.setVar("err1","Invalid Date"); return false; } } else { return true; } } else { WMLBrowser.setVar("err1","Invalid Date"); return false; } return true;}

function noEmptyField(fn,ln,gr,db,em,ud,ps){ if(String.isEmpty(fn) || String.isEmpty(ln) || String.isEmpty(gr) || String.isEmpty(db) || String.isEmpty(em) || String.isEmpty(ud) || String.isEmpty(ps) ) { WMLBrowser.setVar("err1","Empty Fields");

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return false; } else if(String.length(ps) < 6) { WMLBrowser.setVar("err1","Password Length should be greater than 6 char"); return false; } else { return true; } return true;}

function isEmailValid(em){ if(String.elements(em,"@")!=2) { WMLBrowser.setVar("err1","Invalid Email ID"); return false; } else

{ return true; }return true;}

Output:Validation for Empty Fields:

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Validation for Date:

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Validation for E-mail-ID:

Validation for Password Length:

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Valid Input:

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wml

Documents

card4 page

welcome page

task page

length of password

password length

password field

invalid date

password size