T h e WITNESSAPRIL 11, 1968

A r t i c l e s

The Clean-UpW. B. Spofford Jr.

The Easter ForwardBenjamin Minifie

10*

E d i t o r i a l

The Love Story of God

NEWS: —- Union Consultation Urges DraftPlan. Church and State Issues Debated byWCC. Seminary Deans Propose New Program

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SERVICESIn Leading Churches

The WitnessFor Christ and His Chunk

SERVICESIn Leading Churches

NEW YORK CTTT

THE CATHEDRAL CHURCHOF ST. JOHN THE DIVINE

Sunday: Holy Communion 8, 9, 10, MorningPrayer, Holy Communion and Sermon. II;Organ Recital, 3:30; Evensong, 4.

Morning Prayer and Holy Communion 7:15(and 10 Wed.); Evening Prayer, 3:30.

THB PARISH OF TRINITY CHURCHTRINITYBroadway ft Wall St.Rev. John V. Butler, D.D., RectorRev. Donald R. Woodward, VicarSun. MP. 8:40, 10:30, HC 8, 9, 10, 11.Daily MP 7:45, HC 8, 12, Ser. 12:30Tue*., Wed. & Thun., EP 5:15 ex. Sat.;Sat. HC 8; C Fri. 4:30 & by appt.

ST. PAUL'S CHAPELBroadway ft Fulton St.Rev. Robert C. Hunsicker, VicmSun. HC 8, MP & HC Ser. 10, Weekday*MP & HC 8, HC 12:05, 1:05, 7:15 alsoHoly Days (ex. Sat.); EP 5:10 (ex. Sab1:30); Counsel and C 10:30-1:30 daily,and by appt.; Organ Recital Wednesdays12:30.

CHAPEL OF THE INTERCESSIONBroadway ft 155th St.Leslie J. A. Lang, Vicm

Sundays 8, 9, 11; Weekdays: Mon. Fri.Sat. 9; Tues. 8; Wed. 10; Touts. 7.

ST. LUKE'S CHAPEL487 Hudson St.Rev. Paul C. Weed, Jr., VicmSun. HC 8, 9:15 & 11; Daily HC 7 ft 8.C Sat. 5-6, 8-9, by appt.

EDITORIAL BOARDJOHif McGnx KBDMM, Chairman

W. B. SronoBD SR., Managing Editor

EWWABD J. Mara, Editorial Assistant

O. STDNET BAKU; LBS A. BBLFORD; ROSCOB

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GRAHAM; DAVID JOHNSON; HAROLD R. LAM-

DON LESLIE J. A. LANG; BBNJAMIN MINIMS;

WILLIAM STBINGFBLLOW.

EDITORIALS: - The Editorial Board holdsmonthly meetings when current issues beforethe Church are discussed. They are dealtwith in subsequent numbers but do notnecessarily represent the unanimous opinionof the editors.

CONTRIBUTING EDITORSTHOMAS V. BARRETT; JOHN PAIRMAN BROWN;

GARDINER M. DAY; JOSEPH F. FLETCHER;

FREDERICK C. GRANT; HELEN GRANT; COB-

WIN C. ROACH; BABBABA ST. CLAIRE; MAS-

SBT H. SHEPHERD JR.; W. B. SPOFFOHD JB.

THE WITNESS is published weekly fromSeptember 15th to June 15th inclusive, withthe exception of one week in January andbi-weekly from June 15th to September 15thby the Episcopal Church Publishing Co.on behalf of die Witness Advisory Board.

The subscription price is $4.00 a year; inbundles for sale in parishes the magazinesells for 10c a copy, we will bill quarterlyat 7c a copy. Entered as Second ClassMatter, August 5, 1948, at the Post Office

Wednesday 7:30; MP Monday-Saturday 9:15 " V ^ S ^ P " ' "**" *' "* "*— T*T-J—j___ M.-.- J J March 3, 1879.

ST. AUGUSTINE'S CHAPEL333 Madison St.The Rev. William W. Reed, VicmSundays: 8, 9, 11; Monday-Saturday 9:30

ex. Wednesday 7:15.

ST. CHRISTOPHER'S CHAPEL48 Henry St.

The Rev. Carlos J. Caguiat, Vicar

Sundays: MP 7:15; Masses 7:30, 8:45, 11:15(Spanish), Eu Monday thru Wednesday 8;Thursdays thru Saturday 9.

Write us for

THE GENERAL THEOLOGICAL SEMINARYChapel of the Good Shepherd

Chelsea Squaie — 9th Ave. & 20th StreetHOLY COMMUNli M - 7:00 a.m. MONDAY

through FRIDAYMORNING PRAYER & HOLY COMMUNION

- 7:30 a.m. SATURDAY & HOLIDAYSMORNING PRAYER - 8:30 a.m. MONDAY

through FRIDAYHOLY COMMUNION - 12 noon - MON-

DAY, WEDNESDAY, THURSDAY, FRI-DAY

HOLY COMMUNION with Sermon - 11:15a.m. TUESDAY

EVENSONG - 6:00 p.m. DALLY

Organ InformationAUSTIN ORGANS, Inc.

Hartford, Conn.

S H A R I N G

Christian Healing in the ChurchOnly Church magazine devoted to SpiritualTherapy, $2.00 a year. Sample on request.Founded by Rev. John Gaynor Banks, D.8.T.

This paper is recommended by manyBishops and Clergy.

Address:FELLOWSHIP OF ST. LUKE

2243 Front St. San Diego 1, Calif.

ST. STEPHEN'S CHURCHTenth Street, above Chestnut

PHILADELPHIA, PBNNA.

The Rev. Alfred W. Price, D.D., RectorThe Rev. Gustav C. Meckling, BJO.

Minister to the Hard of HearingSunday: 9 and 11 a.m. 7:30 pan.Weekdays: Mon., Tues., Wed., T h u n , ftL,

12:30 - 12:55 p.m.Services of Spiritual Healing, Thurs. 12:30

and 5:30 p.m.

CHRIST CHURCHCAMBRIDGE, MASS.

The Rev. W. Murray Kenney, RectorSunday Services: 8:00, 9:30 and 11:15 ajm.

Wed. and Holy Days: 8:00 and 12:10 pja.

CHRIST CHURCH, DETROIT976 East Jefferson Avenue

The Rev. Frank J. Haynes, Rector8 and 9 a.m. Holy Communion (breakfast

served following 9 a.m. service) 11 a.m.Church School and Morning Service. HolyDays 6 p.m. Holy Communion.

PRO-CATHEDRAL OF THEHOLY TRINITY

23 Avenue, George VPARIS FRANCE

Services: 8:30, 10:30 (S.S.), 10:45Boulevard Raspail

Student and Artists CenterThe Very Rev. Sturgis Lee Riddle, Dean

The Rt. Rev. Stephen Bayne, BishopThe Rev. Donald D. Weaver, Canon

The Ven. Frederick McDonald,Canon Chaplain

Nsw YORK CITY

ST. BARTHOLOMEW'S CHURCHPark Avenue and 51st StreetRev. Terence J. Flnlay, D.D.

8 and 9:30 a.m. Holy Communion 9:30 and11 a.m. Church School. 11 a.m. Morn-ing Service and Sermon. 4 p.m. Even-song. Special Music.

Weekday: Holy Communion Tuesday at12:10 a.m.; Wednesdays and Saints Day,at 8 a.m.; Thursdays at 12:10 p.m.

Organ Recitals, Wednesdays, 12:10. Eva.Pr. Daily 5:45 p.m.

CHURCH OF THE HOLY TRINITY316 East 88th Street

Sundays: Holy Communion 8; Church School9:30; Morning Prayer and Sermon 11:00

(Holy Communion 1st Sunday in Month).

THE CHURCH OF THE EPIPHANYYork Avenue at 74th Street

Near New York Memorial HospitalsHugh McCandless, Alanson Houghton, ClmrgJLee Belford, Charles Patterson, Christopher

Senyonjo, AssociatesSundays: 8 a.m. HC; 9:30 Family (HC 3S)|

Morning Service (HC IS)Thursdays: HC 11 a.m. and 6:30 pan.

One of Near York'smost beautiful public buildings.

ST. THOMAS5th Ave. & 53rd Street

Rev. Frederick M. Morris, D.D.Sunday: HC 8, 9:30, 11 (1st Sun.) MP

11; Daily ex. Sat. HC 8:15, HC Tues.12:10, Wed., 5:30.

Noted for boy choir; great reredotand windows.

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VOL. 53, NO. 15 The WITNESSFOR CHRIST AND HIS CHURCH

Editorial and Publication Office, Eaton Road, Tunkhanaack, Pa. 18657

APRIL 11, 1968

Story of the Week

Church Union Consultation SaysDraft Plan is Essential

• Agreement on the plan ofunion for the 10 denominationsparticipating in the Consulta-tion on Church Union couldcome in the next decade, theConsultation's n e w chairmansaid.

Bishop James K. Mathews,Methodist of Boston, was un-willing, however to predict aspecific target date for union.

It is realistic to assume, hesaid, t h a t denominations —some with general conferencesmeeting triennially or quadren-nially—would want more thanone look at the plan.

The session which met inDayton, Ohio:

• Mandated a draft plan ofunion by 1970 at the latest

• For the first time, doubledits 1969 budget to $81,500 tohire full-time staff

• Required that one of eachdenomination's delegates be noolder than 28.

The decision of the consulta-tion to push ahead with thedraft plan of union came as asurprise to some observers. ButBishop Mathews and other lead-ers said there was a feelingamong delegates that they weregoing over too much old groundAPIUL 11, 1968

led to the groundswell for pre-paring the draft.

"The process will be expeditedonce we get down to the nitty-gritty," the bishop said. Thedraft plan is essential now, heclaimed, "because people at thegrass roots n e e d somethingspecific to get their teeth into."

"Some sparks will fly," headded, but suggested it may notbe until the spark-flying stagethat f r u i t f u l discussions canbegin.

Bishop Robert F. Gibson Jr.of Virginia, a past chairmanand head of the committeerecommending the budget hike,also recommended that the con-sultation establish central, per-manent offices in the New Yorkarea.

A major debate centered onwhether a provisional assembly,to be formed when the plan ofunion is adopted but before aconstitution is ratified, shouldallow participating denomina-tions equal representation orrepresentation proportional totheir memberships.

A work group recommendedeach denomination have a mini-mum delegation of 25 plus twoadditional delegates for eachhalf million or fraction of a halfmillion communicant membersin excess of one million.

In a 38-37 vote, the consulta-tion voted down the additionalmembers and approved a flat 25delegates per denomination.

Another major debate focusedon the requirement that mem-bers of the united Church sub-scribe to the Apostles' andNicene creeds.

The plenary session finallyagreed to amend one report torecognize "the principle thatthe creeds are for the guidanceof the members of the Churchand are to be used persuasivelyand not coercively."

The Lord's Supper

A new order of service forthe Lord's Supper was used.

Worked out over the pastthree years by a commission in-cluding representatives of allparticipating Churches and ob-servers from other Churches,the service is one of a numberwhich will be developed.

"These services are being de-veloped to meet the consulta-tion's principle of diversity inworship," according to Paul A.Washburn of Dayton, chief ecu-menical officer of the Evangeli-cal United Brethren Church anda chairman of the commissionthat prepared the service.

"We have tried to develop aservice which in its constituentelements is faithful to Christiantradition, but one which is inm o r e contemporary languagethan the services of most Chur-ches," he added.

Stressing that the service isThree

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"not to be considered in any union," Consultation l e a d e r sway as a definitive liturgy, and hope that it will be a meanscertainly not one that will be "toward the common goal ofimposed upon the uniting Chur- understanding a n d reconcilia-ches as a condition of their re- tion."

Issues of Church and SocietyDebated Prior to Uppsala

* Who speaks for the church ?What is the unique contributionof the church toward solvingcontroversial public issues? Howshould Christians relate to thesocial and technological revolu-tions of the time? How will thechurch's call for more Christianinvolvement in divisive secularstruggles affect the simulta-neous quest for more churchunity ?

These were the chief ques-tions analyzed by a group of 35theologians, economis t s andsociologists in a consultationin Zagorsk, U.S.S.R. on theologi-cal issues of church and society.The consultation was sponsoredby the World Council of Chur-ches.

The consultants looked backon the political and economicissues raised at the 1966 Genevaconference on church and socie-ty, and looked forward to the4th assembly of the WCC inUppsala, Sweden, this July.

Many of the questions werethose prompted by Geneva's ex-plosive debate dominated byChristians f rom t h e "thirdworld" — the developing nationsof Africa, A s i a and LatinAmerica.

Those attending were invitedguests of the Russian OrthodoxChurch in the first interreli-gious gathering ever permittedon Russian soil by the Sovietgovernment. They came from16 countries, and included sevenofficial Catholic observers.

Dean William H. Lazareth ofthe Lutheran Seminary in Phil-adelphia was one of five U.S.theologians attending the con-Four

sultation. The conclusions ofhis report to Religious NewsService follow:

Turning first to the issue ofwho may speak for the church,the consultation reaffirmed theright and responsibility of avariety of forms of Christiansocial witness to the world.

There exists a rich diversityof ecclesiological types in theWorld Council. It is thereforenecessary for members of dif-fering church traditions to dis-tinguish clearly between thejuridical question of a socialstatement's authority and theevangelical question of its au-thenticity.

It is the clarity and urgencyof tre particular issue at stakethat wi l l l i k e l y determinewhether the individual or cor-porate response of Christiansshould be a pastoral word ofconsolation, a didactic word ofguidance, or a prophetic wordof judgment.

Regarding the methods ofChristian social ethics, the con-ference refused to endorse un-critically either a purely deduc-tive pattern based on perma-nently valid principles and socialorder, or an exclusively induc-tive approach popularized insituational or contextual ethics.

Rejecting both legalism andlibertinism, an a l t e r n a t i v emethod of "dialectical interac-tion" was proposed. It affirmsthat Christians cannot do with-out a certain framework ofbasic principles of human exist-ence as working criteria withwhich to assess the different

situations in which they findthemselves.

At the same time, however,in order to make Christianethical guidance more concreteand relevant, it was suggestedthat the church's unique theo-logical understanding must beconfronted wi th , and trans-mitted through, a critical an-alysis of the human sciencesand the contemporary experi-ence of human reality.

Fruitful but inconclusive dis-cussion was devoted to "thehuman" as a normative criterionfor judging economic and socialchange.

A wide variety of views wasexpressed on whether there isa distinctively Christian under-standing of man. Some theo-logians grounded man's unique-ness in his capacity for faithin God and love of neighbor.Others stressed man's creativeactivity, suffering and searchfor identity.

Still other speakers empha-sized man's freedom, reason andsense of responsibility. A finalgroup insisted that man couldnot be defined at all since themystery of his nature lies pre-cisely in his ongoing self-reali-zation in radical openness tothe future.

The conference agreed to pro-pose to the Uppsala Assemblythat the subject of "the human"deserves much more ecumenicalstudy.

Finally the theologians andsocial scientists attempted toclarify some of the meaning ofthe ambiguous term "revolu-tion," and to begin to providesome e t h i c a l guidelines forChristians involved in variousforms of revolutionary fermentat work in the world.

This task was considered es-sential before the Uppsala dis-cussion because of the confusedand inflammatory charges andcounter - charges exchanged inthe mass media that followedthe Geneva conference.

THE WITNESS

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Different a c c e n t s in theglobal use of the term "revolu-tion" were noted. In the classi-cal-historical sense, it refers tothe dynamic process of chang-ing the social class holdingeconomic and political power bytransforming the s y s t e m ofproperty and by replacing thepolitical leaders.

In opposition to the "hiddenviolence" of an unjust establish-ment, this form of revolutionmay or may not involve overtviolence.

"Revolution" is also widelyused today to describe all themassive changes — especiallytechnological — which radicallydisrupt old structures and pat-terns of social life, particularlyamong the underdeveloped coun-tries of the world.

The word is also employed,even in the industrialized na-tions, to signify the protests ofgroups against their exclusionfrom the society in which theylive, without h a v i n g a parteither in the rewards of its de-velopment or in responsibilityfor its decisions or in themaking of its laws.

Four points were made atZagorsk by way of initial theo-logical response to these dis-tinguishable b u t interrelatedworldwide phenomena. Thesewere:

• Christian theology warnsagainst sacralizing either thestatus quo or the revolution.Men should be guarded againstthe temptations of false mes-sianism and the fury of self-righteousness. At t h e sametime, theology should free Chris-tians and the churches forinterpretations of creation, prov-idence, and law which havegenerally exaggerated the im-portance of order relative tojustice, in order to make pos-sible a more dynamic relationbetween order and justice.

• Christians in a revolution-ary situation have a moral dutyto do all in their power to exer-APKII, 11, 1968

cise a ministry of reconciliationto e n a b l e the revolutionarychange to take place non-violent-ly or, if this is not possible, witha minimum of violence.

Q Christian theology cannotremove the ambiguity of politi-cal ethics in a revolutionarysituation. Nevertheless, it shouldrelate the universality of thechurch, which includes politicalopponents, to the Christian'sspecial responsibility as a mat-ter of vocation.

• The ecumenical idea of aresponsible society s t i l l has

relevance to the new structuresestablished after the revolution-ary overthrow of old ones, whenit becomes necessary to makepower and technology respon-sible and to allow for a perma-nent r e n e w a l of structureswithout the disruption of order.

The theological perspectivesof Zagorsk may serve to guideand direct the social passion ofGeneva. Delegates at the WCC'sUppsala meeting will then beenabled to rededicate the chur-ches to the mission of Christ ina revolutionary new age.

Two Years of Outside ServiceProposed by Seminary Deans

* Seminarians are exemptfrom the draft — which doesnot mean deferment — theyare automatically classified IV-D.

Thus to be treated different-ly from other students hasbothered some seminary stu-dents to such an extent thatthey have declined IV-D classi-fication and insisted on beingtreated l i k e everybody else.And there are several instanceswhere these seminarians havebeen drafted and then joinedthe protestors against the Viet-nam war by sending theircards to the U.S. justice de-partment, thus risking prisonand a fine.

Deans of the twelve Episco-pal seminaries dealt with thematter at a meeting at Gen-eral in February. Their state-ment, unanimously a d o p t e d ,declares that "for the greatmajority of students questionsabout the draft and the warare the central questions oftheir existence. Student unrestcannot, we believe, be dismissedsimply as dissent by a disaf-fected minority. It reflects agenuine concern for a morejust social order and their pro-

test springs in part from theirintegrity."

The recommendation of thedeans, in the hands of the Pre-siding Bishop and the govern-ing bodies of the seminaries,is that the period of prepara-tion for the Episcopal ministrybe lengthened from three tofive years for men who havenot served in the armed forcesor some equivalent form ofservice in the alleviation ofhuman need.

Several examples are listed:Peace Corps, Vista, FriendsService Committee, Internation-al Voluntary Service, and, toquote, "other agencies, bothsecular and religious, whosepurpose is to serve mankindand alleviate human suffering."

The intention of the recom-mendation is obviously not torequire seminarians to serve inthe armed forces. It is to in-sure a genuine identificationwith this generation's hopesand turmoil in order that theymay better minister to it.

The deans state that theythemselves are prepared to givesome portion of their leaves ofabsence to this program. Theywill encourage faculty members

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to do the same thing duringsabbatical leaves.

The Witness is informed thatthe statement has been favor-ably received by trustees, facul-ty members, student bodies.

GHETTO BANKS CHOSENFOR $15,000 DEPOSITS

* The finance department ofthe Executive Council has origi-nated a program to encouragewider investments in g h e t t oareas, according to an announce-ment by Presiding Bishop JohnE. Hines.

The program will be launchedwith i n d i v i d u a l deposits of$15,000 in Church funds inselected banks in Negro com-munities throughout the coun-try, to act as "multipliers" withthe hope of encouraging furtherdeposits from parishes, diocesesand individual church-goers inthose banks.

The interest-bearing .depositswill be made in Negro-ownedand/or managed b a n k s andsavings and loan associations.A list of institutions which willbe queried by the Church abouttheir policies includes the ma-jority of N e g r o commercialbanks and Negro-managed fed-eral savings and loan associa-tions.

The purpose of the deposits isto encourage more loans toworthwhile business in thoseareas, m o r e investments insmall businesses in need offunds and aid to enterprisesthat will benefit the communityby helping Negroes to build amore viable economy in theareas where they live.

The deposits, plus matchingones from dioceses and parishes,would i n c r e a s e the lendingpower of the banks and arefully insured by the FederalDeposit Insurance Corporation.

The first step in the plan, ac-cording to Lindley M. FranklinJr., treasurer, is to ask thebanks for their cooperation inthis program.Si*

Michigan Hold Crisis MeetingsPreparing for Hot Summer

* Bishop Richard S. Emrichof Michigan, acting in concertwith a resolution of the execu-tive council of the diocese, hasscheduled meetings on a region-al basis to interpret to theclergy and lay leaders the reali-ty and gravity of the crisisAmerica faces; the necessityfor the Church to respond withfaithfulness and integrity; andto present the current diocesanurban program and receive thethoughts and suggestions ofmembers of the diocese. Seriousthought is also being given tothe "summer".

So far four of the meetingsof this "crash program" havebeen held, with a very large at-tendance at each. Every activeclergyman in the diocese hasbeen requested to bring withhim from three to six of hislaymen who are important de-cision makers or opinion settersin his congregation.

Bishop Emrich's column inthe March issue of the Record,diocesan newspaper, was de-voted to some of these crisismatters.

The bishop says "There areunhappy predictions about whatmay happen in our cities thissummer, and it is no exaggera-tion to say that an atmosphereof fear and apprehension iswidespread. But we should re-member that what we fear isby no means inevitable, andthat at the moment the greatestthreat is the fear itself. Fearcan bring chaos, for it is themother of wild rumors and ofbad decisions. Since I believethat the Church should be thequiet conscience of the com-munity, let me, therefore, sharewith you some observations."

The observations include:• "Part of our danger is due

to the absence in Detroit of our

great newspapers; for we findourselves in a position wheredestructive rumors cannot beanswered, where we are de-prived of interpretive editorials,and where television and radioby their nature cannot reportin depth . . . . "

• That the great dangerbefore us as a nation is that wewill continue to polarize, andthat violence will create woundsalmost impossible to heal . . . .

• When we see the city asa whole, we know that any manwho arms himself in city orsuburb is a traitor to the com-mon good, part of the problem,contributing to the area's sick-ness . . . .

• In such a predicament theLaw, which overarches us alland binds us together, is ouronly hope . . . .

• The only hope for Americais that we go forward togetheras a united people . . . .

• The racial antagonism ofour community is a moral prob-lem.

Bishop Emrich then requeststhat every man in his prayers,and every church in its corpor-ate worship, pray for peace athome and abroad. "Listen tono hateful words which injureyour brothers, and be governedby a sense of God's mercy andhis judgments."

Due to the extreme interestin these crisis meetings, it ispossible a follow-up series maybe held later in the year.

MAINE'S BISHOPWILL RETIRE

• Bishop Oliver L. Loring ofMaine, has resigned, effectiveMay 13, due to "seriously im-paired health and on the adviceof my physician."

THE WITNESS

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EDITORIAL

The Love Story of GodCHRIST our Passover is sacrificed. So theEaster anthem begins, but its relevance formodern life seems to stop right there. Whatmeaning does the Easter message have for con-temporary man? Modern man is a queer com-bination. At times he is self-contained and self-confident, encased in an armor of self-esteemthat nothing can dent. The world is his oysterand he pries it open and gulps down its contents.

This humanistic cult of man and supermanmeets us all the way from the comic strip tothe cosmic scientist. Tomorrow the moon andnext week, Mars! Every day in every way weare getting bigger and therefore better. Quantita-tive achievements have taken the place of qualita-tive values. Just a little more social engineeringand we shall attain the millennium. What pricesacrifice now?

But with all our unbounded enthusiasm, thereis an underlying dis-ease. There is the worm inthe apple and we see it in so much of ourmodern art, music and literature. The artistreflects the fractured, disordered, aimless worldin which modern man wanders like a homelesswaif. This is the strange paradox. Whereasscience is showing us a world which is struc-tured and ordered from the smallest atom tothe most distant galaxy, man is bewildered andafraid. Life seems a jumble of absurdities lack-ing sense or significance.

Ancient man was also afraid. So frightenedwas he by the powers of nature surroundinghim, that he sacrificed to them his first bornson. He lived in a world of cruelty and caprice,a slave and sport to forces he could not under-stand. But in the tradition of Abraham and hisattempted offering of Isaac, there is a new in-sight into the ways of the universe. The outsideworld is not hostile but friendly. God does notdemand human sacrifice. He cares for man andis concerned for his welfare.

The primitive Passover observance bears wit-ness to the new revelation. Each spring as thenomad ate of the slaughtered lamb, he daubedthe tent post with its blood in faith and hopethat the angel of death would accept the animal

APKH 11, 1968

substitute and pass by in mercy. As the newmoon appeared over the horizon he greeted itwith the shout of hilal, praise to a beneficentGod. Today at Easter we still echo his age oldcry as we repeat our own Hallelujah, Alleluia,praise to the Lord.

How soon the ancestors of the Hebrews cameto this belief in a loving God, we do not know.The peoples round about still practiced childsacrifice down through biblical times but Israelworshipped a God who so loved mankind thathe abrogated the ancient due. This note of loveis the golden thread which runs through theentire Bible. The scriptures have been called,quite aptly, the love story of God. This themeof God's providential care reaches its climax inthe words of St. John "For God so loved theworld that he gave his only begotten Son". Itis to that offering of love that St. Paul refersin the Easter anthem, "Christ our passover issacrificed for us". Passover-Easter is the feastof God's love for man.

The Easter anthem contains a tragic irony.God, who refused man's sacrifice of his firstborn son, has himself given his only begottenSon on man's behalf. Christ has become thePassover lamb, the substitute for man himself.Easter commemorates not the capricious wrathor the grim justice of a jealous God but the loveof a father.

The universe is not hostile to man, jealous andbegrudging every bit of joy and happiness hemay achieve. It is not even neutral, some kindof gigantic machine, grinding away impersonally,indifferent to the fate of anyone who gets inthe way. Rather, there is ultimate purposeworking throughout. The universe makes sense.There is a mind behind it all. But above allthere is a heart. With purpose goes concern.

The primary lesson of Easter, as indeed oflife, is love. Love is not a silly gimmick thatHollywood contrived, but it is the very basis andground of all being. It is not a glib term fora soft and sentimental way of life. It is dan-gerous and difficult. It demands a price. Butbecause love is at the center of reality, we mustexercise it in our »dealing one with another.There is no other workable way.

In the light of the Easter message hate andSeven

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force are the silly, foolish ideas. It is only aswe purge out the old leaven of malice andwickedness that we can hope to keep the feastof life.

— Corwin C. RoachDirector of School of Religion,Fargo, N. C.

The Clean-UpBy W. B. Spofford Jr.

Dean, St. Michael's Cathedral, Boise, Idaho

I'M SURE that it was an act of hospitality onthe part of my husband. He had been hearingabout this group for a long time and, once, hewent away, to the north, to find out about it.When he came back, he changed somewhat. Youknow, he wasn't so aggressive and demandingand grasping. From a personal point-of-view,the biggest change was that he started to listento me. Up until that time, in our marriage, he. . . . well, the word is that he used me. I didthe house-keeping chores, had the children,cooked the meals, listened while he prayed and,then, was forced to make my own private devo-tions. I was around, you see, but so were thesitting stools and the oven.

But, after that trip north, he helped out a bit.He suddenly discovered the children and wasinterested in what they had been doing duringthe day, while he was about the city lookingafter various pieces of property. When theywere put down in their sleeping nooks, followingthe evening devotions, he would ask me whatimportant things had happened in my day andto me. When he would ask, often, I would beembarrassed because, actually, there weren'tmany important things . . . or, rather, theywere the same old things. A broom, an oven, awash basin and, now and again, a scuffed kneeto be tended or a children's squabble to besettled: these were the stuff of life. But, sud-denly, by listening, he seemed to make themimportant and, because I was involved in them,I was a person that was important.

So, too, he began to share more of his lifewith me. It came out in his attentions, in histalking about the needs of the people he hadmet during the day, in his concern for, andanxiety about, the Kingdom. It was an ideawhich he had mentioned often in his prayersEight

before, but now it seemed to have a differentquality and a greater intensity and urgency.

I don't know, really, what happened up northor whom he had met. He simply changed, andI must say for the better.

So, when he said that he had invited somewanderers into the house for a private Passoversupper, I was quite willing. He sent Amos, ourjack-of-all trades servant, down to the well forwater and two men, unkempt, rather scruffy,and quite strong looking, came back with him.They said but one sentence: "The Master says,'Where is the room reserved for me to eat thePassover with my disciples ?' " It was obviousthat my husband was expecting them and, aftershowing them our upper room, they went away.

That evening they came back, somewhereabout ten or twenty of them. I was scuttlingabout, getting wine and bread, pieces of lamband salad greens, so I didn't get an accuratecount. I did see the leader — he was strongand gentle appearing, and somewhat weary. Hedid ask me whether I knew Mary and Martha inBethany. I replied that I knew Martha quitewell, since we had a lot of interests in common— the busy work of women — but that I hadnever gotten very close to Mary. Her interestswere of a bit different sort and much more de-votional and mystical, if you know what I mean.

Anyway, they all went to the upper room andshut the door. They were in there for quite awhile. During the meal, I remember, one ofthe members dashed out in a great hurry and,as he passed the room where we were havingour family meal, I thought I heard him crying.

Finally, we heard them sing the Passoverhymn, and how strong a mens' choir truly is,and then they left, quietly and in order.

My husband, who had had a difficult day,went to bed and the children were quietly sleep-ing. I went up to clean up the upper room.There wasn't too much work to it, which was agood thing, because I, also, was weary.

It was simply a matter of pouring some wineleft over in a cup back into the bottle, rewrap-ping in some wet leaves the loaf of bread thatwas still in the center of the table, brushing upsome crumbs and dowsing a candle which theyhad forgotten to extinguish and which hadpretty well burned down. And, yes, there wasa sop of wine-soaked bread which someone,through carelessness, had dropped on the floor.Luckily it didn't fall on the Arabian rug whichmy husband had bought for me on our eighteenth

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anniversary and which, as the only really pre-cious thing we own, he had insisted that it beput in the upper room that night. As sort ofan offering, you know.

When I climbed into bed, my husband turnedover and chuckled. He said: "Sarah, I guess it'strue. A woman's work is never done."

The Easter ForwardBy Benjamin Minifie

Rector of Grace Church, New York

THE EASTER Forward booklet looks quite good.Not an easy job is it to write a tract for thou-sands of assorted readers to use devotionallyday by day, one that will satisfy all or most insuch a diverse audience. But too often Forwardhas been only so-so, not too helpful or readable.Who writes them, and why their anonymity?

I glanced through the Easter one the otherday, and my eye caught two statements whichare questionable. The first went like this, "SinceGod died on a cross . . . " And then a littlelater I read, "The birth of God into man asJesus of Nazareth . . ."

Isn't this bad theology? And doesn't it givea wrong impression of what the New Testamentis all about? The Christian faith is not thatGod masqueraded as a man. He was not God"veiled in flesh" as the Christmas carol hereti-cally puts it, God pretending to be a humanbeing. Jesus was a man, entirely and whollyso. This is the record of the New Testament,especially of the first three Gospels and of theletters of Paul.

To be sure Jesus was a unique person. TheChristian ages have rightly regarded him as arevealing, a saving person. In him, we pro-claim, is the knowledge of the love of God asnowhere else before or since. In him we findsalvation and the fulfillment of life. But, onceagain, he was a man, born of woman, one of us,not God in disguise. And the good news is thathere in this historic person the Living God, everseeking after the likes of us, found one so open,so responsive, so obedient and faithful to thepromptings of love in the sense of caring, thathe was able to break through all the usualresistance and selfishness of our stubborn humannature. Here I would insist the Robinsons andPikes have been very helpful!

Is it really fruitful to try to define where orAPRIL 11, 1968

when the divine begins and the human leavesoff in the mystery and wonder of the person ofJesus? Donald Baillie dealt with that conclu-sively — did he not? — in a book which hassince become a classic, God Was In Christ.Therein he pointed out, as I remember, that inevery person's life a dialogue goes on betweenone's own will and the will of God. There isboth resistance to and acceptance of the onewho ever seeks after us — the voice of duty,the hard right against the easy wrong, altruismversus hedonism, caring versus selfishness. Thesame is a clue to the relationship between thedivine initiative and the human response inJesus, except that in him the latter was com-plete and total.

In Christ there was the Father's loving con-cern which has been from the foundation of theworld and which found in Jesus a perfect meansof self-expression in human terms. But therewas also the affirmation of Jesus himself to theFather's will, his saying "yes" out of the fiercestruggles in the wilderness and again in thegarden. We see him as man making the perfectresponse to God, and thereby becoming onethrough whom the love and truth at the heartof it all was enabled to act decisively and re-demptively in history.

I find something like this a more compellingand believable Christology than one which wouldmake of Jesus scarcely more than a robot goingthrough a pre-arranged drama.

Hopelessness Causes RevoltBayard Rustin

Director, A. Philip Randolph Institute

IF THERE is violence it is because whites teachNegroes that they can't get anywhere withoutviolence. People ask me if there will be moreviolence. I have to reply, "Don't ask me tochange the law of God, and twist it upside down."

The Old Testament teaches that where thereis justice, social order will prevail, and thatwhere there is injustice, social disorder will beinevitable.

The black power movement is a response tothe Negroes' hopelessness, whose influence wouldlessen if whites who have the money and powerwould act immediately to help the poor. But itis up to white society, especially Congress, totake the first steps towards reconciliation.

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JESUIT SCHOOL STUDENTSELECT NEGRO PRESIDENT

* A Negro has won for thefirst time the top elective stu-dent office, president of studentgovernment, at J e s u i t - spon-sored, nearly all-white Univer-sity of Detroit.

Harry Minor, 21, of Wash-ington, D.C., conducted a low-key campaign and had so littleconfidence he could win that hedidn't even show up for thevote count.

The junior psychology majoralso didn't expect to garner 783of the record 1,800 votes cast.He won when the two whitecandidates split the remainingvotes almost evenly betweenthem.

Only about 5 per cent of theuniversity's 10,000 registeredstudents are Negroes.

CATHEDRAL UPKEEPBEING STUDIED

* Problems involved in theupkeep of English cathedralsand parish churches are to bestudied by a new commissionestablished by the Church As-sembly. It will also considerfuture policy on the preserva-tion of church buildings.

An official statement on the

• Altars D Altar Fabrics• Flags n Lighting FixturesO Outdoor Bulletin Boardsf] Memorial Plaques & Tablets• Folding Chairs and Tables• Sterling and Brass WareQ Stained Glass WindowsU] Books of Remembrance

• Bells Q Bell Ringers G Bibles[H Clocks for Church TowersPlease check above items in which youare interested and write for FREE cataloq.

WHITTEMORE ASSOCIATES, INC.of Bos/on Ecclesiologists3 WEXFORD ST., Needham Hts., MASS. 02194

^ Tel. 449-1500 (Area Code 617)

commission's establishment re-ferred to the "continual need"to provide for the upkeep ofordinary church buildings aswell as great cathedrals and out-standing parish churches.

"The Church," it said, "isfaced with the question whetherin the future it can continue tobear the whole responsibility ofperserving b u i l d i n g s whosearchitectural and historical im-portance make them part of thenational heritage."

The Church does not receivestate aid in the upkeep of itsestablishments.

BRETHREN BACKKING DRIVE

* The Church of the Breth-ren's general brotherhood boardhas b a c k e d Martin LutherKing's poor peoples' campaign—contingent upon the campaign'sadherence to nonviolence.

The 27-member board alsochanneled $200,000 of invest-ment funds to ghetto develop-ment, endorsed the NationalCouncil of C h u r c h e s ' urbancrisis program, and initiatedseveral domestic projects.

Constituent p a r i s h e s wereurged by the Brotherhood Boardto send both Brethren and non-Brethren poor to the Washing-ton, D.C. demonstration, andcongregations in the East wereasked to help with shelter, food,transportation, medical, legaland spiritual services for thoseparticipating in the demonstra-tion.

The board voted $15,000 to

BIBLE GEOGRAPHYAND HISTORY MAPS

Write for Circular H15b

DENOYEB-GEPPERT COMPANY

A Subsidiary of The Times Mirror Co.

Educational Publishers

5239 Ravenswood Ave.

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support volunteer workers andmarchers in the effort. An-other $15,000 was voted forsupport of the NCC urbancrisis plan.

- - - B A C K F I R E " -

Ralph W. JeffsEpiscopal Chaplain, University

of Southern California

I have just read Alfred Star-ratt's "Too Much Morality" inthe March 21 issue. It's great.We need desperately in thiscountry to make clear the dis-tinction between religion andmorality, especially when mor-ality is interpreted, as itusually is, in terms of prudence.

Eldridge H. TaylorMinister, Emmanuel Reformed

Episcopal Church, Baltimore

I have been a reader of theWitness for years. I havenever before ventured to ex-press either commendation orcriticism of the material pub-lished. I accepted it for whatit was worth, either dissentingor approving.

However, the March 28thissue contains material relatingto the so-called "Ordination ofPriest" for the Free Church,and the purported ordinationsermon, entitled, "God is DoingHis Thing" disturbed me deeply.

For reasons of conscience Ileft the Protestant Episcopalministry to accept work in the

MONEY for your TREASURYOVER 2,000,000

SUNFLOWER DISH CLOTHS

Were sold last year by members of SundaySchools, Ladle*' Aids, Young People's Group*,etc. They enable you to earn money far youxtreasury, and make friends for your organiza-tion.

SANGAMON MILLS, INC.Established 1915 COHOES, N. T. 12047

Ten THE WITNESS

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Eeformed Episcopal C h u r c h ,not because I love the Churchless, but because I love it themore. I am deeply concernedfor the Church's true mission;and anxious to reach men forChrist; but is this the way?

My reaction is summed upthus: I can respect honestcriticism of the Church; I canendure the cruelty of indiffer-ence to the Church; I bitterlyresent making the Church thesubject for burlesque. If thescenes described in your arti-cles are anything less; I failto see it.

L. W. ReynoldsLayman of Syracuse, N. Y.

After just r e a d i n g yourStory of the Week (3/28) I amrevolted and actually sick tomy stomach.

As long as I have been ableto I have contributed as gen-erously as possible on theologi-cal Sunday. However afterreading and seeing what ourclergy are doing these daysand what is coming out ofseminaries, I refused to makeany contribution this year.

If I had and then read theabove article I would have re-called my check. With all sin-cerity I can only say, "MayGod have mercy on us; GoodGod deliver us."

Frances (Mrs. H. W.) BenzChurch-woman of Cleveland, Ohio

Dean John C. Leffler writesin "A Prayer for Today" (Wit-ness 3/21), "No age in historyhas been more dangerous tolife, limb and soul than thisone, and none more clouded bythe possibility of disaster."And then later in the samearticle to help us weather theseterrible times, he says, "It isfear of danger, rather thandanger itself that matters."

It is amazing how many ofus share the view that lifetoday is unusually precariouseven though the doubling of

both life e x p e c t a n c y andpopulation in this war-torn cen-tury proves how much moreeffective the forces which pre-serve life have been comparedto those causing prematuredeath.

How can it be that we haveforgotten so quickly the terrorsand agonies that beset dailylife before anesthesia, anti-biotics, electric power , eyeglasses, hearing aids, rapidcommunication, synthetic mate-rials, and welfare programs toname just a few of the modernanswers to age old prayers?

Of course the world is notperfect yet, but it seems likelythat the determining cause ofour present dismal attitude isnot fear of possible nuclearwar or overpopulation but ra-ther our loss of gratitude.Traditionally, we are admon-ished to be thankful for everydry crust, now, however, mostof us consider loin lamb chopsto be our due.

STUART HALLVirginia's Oldest

Preparatory School for GirlsEpiscopal school in the Shenandoah Valley.Grades 9-12. F u l l y accredited. Notablecollege entrance record. Strong music andart. Modern equipment. Gymanasium, in-door swimming pool. Attractive campus.Charming surroundings. Catalogue.

Martha Dabney Jones, M.A.,Headmistress

Box W, Staunton, Virginia 24401

ThePatterson School

for BoysIN HAPPY VALLEY

Fully accredited Church School on1300 acre estate. Grades 7-12. Smallclasses. Gymnasium, sports, swim-ming, fishing. 60th year.Summer camp with tutoring for boys6 to 15 years. Periods 2, 4, or 6 weeks.

For School or Camp Pattersoncatalogs, write:

GEORGE F. WIESE, BOX WRoute 5, Lenoir, N. C. 28645COLLEGE PREPARATORY

CHARACTER BUILDING

Brent SchoolBaguio, Philippines

(•OUNDBD IN 1909

A coeducational school for Hay stu-dents and boarders Kindergartenthrough High School. Higrh stand-ards of scholarship. All races andnationalities admitted

"The International School

of the Far Enxt."

THE REV. ALFRED L. GRIFFITHS. l> l>

Headmaster

St. Peter'sSchool

Peekskill, New York 10566

A church-centered college prepara-tory school for boys. Grades 7-12.70 acre campus 40 miles from NewYork. Interscholastic sports, music,social activities. Early applicationadvisable.

For information write to:Robert W. Porter, B.A., S.2VB.

HEADMASTER

Cburcb of tbe Heavenly IRestBay Scbool

Co-Educational Nurserythrough Grade VIH

(Presently through Giade V; Gr»d« Y* 1 9 6 7 >

Grade VH 1968, Grade Vm 1969).

A comprehensive curriculum begin-ning with Nursery designed for bestpossible preparation for secondaryschools and beyond. Primary objec-tive: Sound skills in Reading, Writ-ing, Mathematics, Foreign Language,Music, Art and Physical Education.Curriculum also includes ReligiousEducation.

2 Bast 90th Street — Upper School1 East 92nd Street — Lower School

(EN 9-8040)NEW YORK, N. Y. 10028

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Schools of the Church

98th Year

KEMPERHALL

Beautiful Lake Shore CampusBoarding and day school for girls

Thorough college preparation and training(or purposeful Christian living. Unusualopportunities in Fine Arts. Sports program.Junior school department. Under directionof the Sisters of St. Mary. (Episcopal)

for Catalog Addresss

Kenosha, Wisconsin, 53141

THE CHURCHFARM SCHOOL

GLEN LOCH, PA.

A School for Boys Dependent on Out

Grades — 6th through 12thCollege Preparatory and Vocational Train-ing: Sports: Soccer, Basketball, Track,

Crow-CountryLearn to study, work, play on 1600 ace*farm in historic Chester Valley.Boys Choir — Religion! Traininf

CHARLES W. SHRBINBR, JR.Headmaster

Post Office: Box 8. Paoli, Pa.

DeVeaux SchoolNiagara Falls, New York

FornroBD 1853

A Church School for boys in the Diocese ofWestern New York. Grades thru 12. Col-lege Preparatory. Small Classes. 50 acreCampus, Resident Faculty. Dormitories for130, School Building, Chapel, Gymnasiumand Swimming Pool; 9 interscholastic sports,Music, Art.

DAVID A. KENNEDY, M.A., Headmaster

THE RT. RET. LAURISTON L. SCAIFB, D.D.

Chairman, Board of Trustees

ST. MARGARET'S SCHOOLCOLLEGE PREPARATION FOR GIRLS

Fully accredited. Grades 8-12. Music,art, dramatics. Small classes. Allsports. On beautiful RappahannoekRiver. Episcopal. Summer School.Write for catalog.

Viola H. Woolfolk,Bo* W. Tappahannoeh,

SAINT AGNES SCHOOLGirU Episcopal Boarding (.Grades 7-12)and Country Day School (.Grades K-12)

Fully accredited college preparatory and gen-eral courses. Music, Drama, Arts, all Sports.Small classes. Individual attention and guid-ance stressed. Established 1870. 49-sctecampus. Write for catalog.

HAMILTON H. BOOKHOUT, HeadmasterSAINT AGNES SCHOOL

Box W., Albany, N. Y. 12211

LENOX SCHOOLA Church School in the Berkshire Hills forboys 12-18 emphasizing Christian ideal andcharacter through simplicity of plant andequipment, moderate tuition, the co-operativeself-help system and informal, personal re-lationships among boys and faculty.

REV. ROBERT L. CURRY, HeadmasterLENOX, MASSACHUSETTS

VALLEY FORGEMILITARY ACADEMYand JUNIOR COLLEGE

Here, "at t h e N a t i o n ' sShrine," education e x t e n d sbeyond the academic to build

character, and develop leadership.Grades 9 through 12 and Jr. College.America's most beautiful campus. 96modern buildings. Highest scholasticstandards. Nationally accredited. In-dividualized guidance and tutoring.Social development. Extensive read-ing and spelling clinics. All sportsincluding horsemanship and polo. Re-nowned bands. Sr. Army ROTC.Summer camps.Catalog. Box W, Wayne, Pa. 19087

THE NATIONALCATHEDRAL SCHOOL

(For Girls)ST. ALBANS SCHOOL

(For Boys)Two schools on the 58-acre Closeof the Washington Cathedral offer-ing a Christian education in thestimulating environment of the Na-tion's Capital. Students experiencemany of the advantages of co-edu-cation yet retain the advantages ofseparate education. — A thoroughcurriculum of college preparationcombined with a program of super-vised athletics and of social, cul-tural, and religious activities.Day: Grades 4-12 Boarding: Grades 8-12

Catalogue Sent Upon RequestMount St. Alban, Washington 16, D. C.

THE WOODHULL SCHOOLS

Nursery to CollegeHOLLIS, L. I.

Sponsored byST. GABRIEL'S EPISCOPAL CHURCH

under the direction of the rector,THE REV. ROBERT Y. CONDIT

SHATTUCK SUMMER PROGRAMSJoss 16 - Joxy 27 54TH SESSIONExplore new fields of study, strengthen basicskills, earn academic credit — and enjoy sum-mer fun! Two groups. Campers (10-12):Eng., math, nature, typing. French, Spanish,German. High School (13-18): Advancedstudy in humanities, math, science, Eng., art,drama, creative writing. College prep coursesfor preview, review, credit. Sports Includegolf, tennis, soccer, track, archery, riflery,swimming, sailing, water-skiing, boating.

Write:Dir. of Adm., A-168, Shumway Hall

Faribault, Minn. 55021

N O R T H W E S T E R N

A C A D E M Y

LAKE GENEVA, WISCONSINRev. James Howard Jacobson

Superintendent and Rector

An outstanding military college pre-paratory school for boys 12 to ISgrades 8 through 12. Fireproofbuildings, modern science departmentexcellent laboratory and academicfacilities. 90 acre campus withextensive lake shore frontage, new3 court gym. Enviable year 'roundenvironment. All sports, includingriding and sailing. Accredited. Sum-mer Camp. Write for catalogue

164 South Lake Shore Road.

BethanySchool

Episcopal ElementaryJunior High Day and

Boarding School

Girls Grades 1-9Boys (day only) grades 1-3

Kindergarten (day only)

For detailed information, write:Principal

Bethany School495 Albion Ave.,

Cincinnati, Ohio 45246

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