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Swami Ramanand Teerth Marathwada University, Nanded

SYLLABUS

ENGLISH

Syllabus of M.A. First Year

With Effect from June 2009

M. A. ENGLISH – I effective from JUNE – 2009 Paper no.

Semester I Paper no.

Semester II

01 Modern English Structure 05 Modern English Grammar 02 Chaucerian, Renaissance and

Jacobean Age 06 20th Century English Literature

03 Restoration and Augustan Age 07 Classical and Medieval European Literature 04 Romantic and Victorian Age 08 Modern European Literature M. A. ENGLISH – II effective from JUNE – 2009 Paper no.

Semester III Paper no.

Semester IV

09 Aesthetics 13 Critical Theory 10 A)Comedy

B)Popular Literature C)Classics in World Literature

14 A)Epics of the World B)Nobel Laureates C) Tragedy

11 A)Indian Diaspora Writing B)Principles and Methods of Teaching English C)Indian Literature in Translation

15 A)Indian Writing in English B)Applied Linguistics C)Mythological Literature

12 A)Survey of American Literature B)Women’s Studies C)African Literature

16 A)Multi-Ethnic American Literature B)Literatures of Canada, Australia,& New Zealand C) Translation Studies

M. A. English First Year Semester-I COURSE NO 1- MODERN ENGLISH STRUCTURE Rationale The advanced learners of language need to have the in-depth knowledge about the language under study. At the same time they should acquaint themselves with the chief characteristics of language and how it differs from animal communication and other forms of communication. They must also know the registral and the regional variations of that language. The phonetics, phonology and the morphology of English become vital for enabling them to use the English language correctly, appropriately and accurately. It also leads to intelligibility of speech. Course Contents UNIT I Language: Definition of Language, The Nature of Language Types of communication; Language as a system of communication Animal and Human Communication Characteristics of Human Language: Duality of Structure, Cultural transmission, Arbitrariness, Specialization, etc. UNIT II English Phonology: Phonetics and Phonology: Phonemes and Allophones The English Vowels and Consonants; Three-term labels Production of speech sounds; The Organs of Speech The Syllable and its Structure Phonetic transcription and Phonemic transcription Features of Connected Speech: Accent, Rhythm and Intonation Elision and Assimilation UNIT III English Morphology: The Structure of Words – Morphemes and Allomorphs Free and Bound Morphemes Words – Simple and Compound Affixes, Stems and Roots Inflectional morphology of English Nouns, Pronouns, Adjectives, Adverbs and Verbs Derivational Morphology: Classification of Derivational Affixes Word Formation Process: Prefixation, Suffixation, Conversion, Compounding, Back Formation, Reduplication, Clipping, Blending and Acronymy UNIT IV Varieties of English Language Regional: British, American, Indian, Australian, African, etc.

Spoken English in India; Standards of Pronunciation in English: R. P., Educated American, Educated Australian, etc. Registral: Journalism, Business, Law, Science, Agriculture, Religion, Education, Criticism, Politics, etc. Formal and Informal English Code Switching and Code Mixing UNIT V The Concept of Modern English Structure: An Introduction Saussurian Approach / Structuralism Chomskian Approach – Transformational Generative Grammar Langue/Parole, Competence/Perfomance Syntagmatic and Paradigmatic Relationships Diachronic and Synchronic Approaches Levels of Linguistic Analysis: Phonological, Morphological, Lexical, Syntactic and Semantic Recommended Reading: 1. Syal, P. & D.V.Jindal, 1998. An Introduction to Linguistics: Language, Grammar

& Semantics. New Delhi: Prentice-Hall of India 2. Balasubranium, T. 1984. A Textbook of Phonetics for Indian Students. New Delhi:

Macmillan 2. Sethi, J. & P. V. Dhamija, 1997. A Course in Phonetics and Spoken English. New

Delhi, Prentice-Hall 3. O’Connor, J. D. Better English Pronunciation 4. Jones, Daniel et al English Pronouncing Dictionary. UBS New Delhi 5. Crystal, D. 1985. Rediscover Grammar with David Crystal. Longman 6. Green Contemporary English Grammar: Structures & Composition. Macmillan

India Ltd. 7. Krishnaswamy, N. Modern English – A Book of Grammar, Usage &

Composition. Macmillan India Ltd. 8. Hewings, M. 1999. Advanced English Grammar. Cambridge University Press 9. Greenbaum, S. 1991. An Introduction to English Grammar. London: ELBS 10. Bansal, R.K. & J.B. Harrison, 2007. Spoken English. Mumbai: Orient Longman 11. Kansakar, T.R. 2007. A Course in English Phonetics. Chennai: Orient Longman 12. Quirk, R. 1962. The Use of English. London: Longman 13. Gimson, A.C. 1996. An Introduction to the Pronunciation of English

Question Paper Pattern

Question 1. Question on unit 1 with internal choice-16 marks Question 2. Question on unit 2 with internal choice-16 marks Question 3. Question on unit 3 with internal choice-16 marks Question 4. Question on unit 5 with internal choice-16 marks Question 5. Short notes on unit 4 (any 2 out of 4)-16 marks

COURSE NO 2- CHAUCERIAN, RENAISSANCE, AND JACOBEAN AGE Rationale The first great name in English literature is that of Geoffrey Chaucer (?1343-1400). This course explores the strategic historical and literary contexts for understanding the beginning of English Literature in the 14th century with Chaucer; through the subsequent period of Renaissance to the Jacobean age. This was a period of enormous transition in religious, political and social terms. At the end of the fifteenth century, England might be seen as a rather marginal European kingdom governed in many ways by semi-feudal political relationships and local allegiances. By the end of Cromwell’s Protectorate and the return of the Stuart monarchy in 1660, a sequence of wide-sweeping religious, political and economic changes had thrust the realm much more centrally into the arena of European affairs and had often traumatized the native population into the bargain. Unsurprisingly, Renaissance writers engaged tightly with the radically changing cultural landscape which their audiences were experiencing and often explored in new and challenging ways the directions which this developing nation might take. The course is the first of the core courses on British Literature. The other core courses will make an attempt to present a comprehensive scenario of British Literature in a chronological manner respectively. Course Contents UNIT I Literary/Historical Background a) Chaucer, his contemporaries and followers, Main characteristics of the Renaissance Period (1550-1660) b) Elizabethan poetry, prose and drama, Jacobean poetry, prose and drama UNIT II Major Trends/Literary Movements a) Wars of the Roses, Miracle and Morality Plays, Reformation and Humanism b) University Wits, Metaphysical poets and Cavalier Poets, Elizabethan Stage Conditions UNIT III Poetry a) John Donne: Go and Catch a Falling Star, The Good Morrow, The Sun Rising, Canonization b) Edmund Spenser: The Faerie Queene –Book I UNIT IV Prose

a) Francis Bacon : Of Studies , Of Truth, Of Great Place, Of Superstition b) John Bunyan : Pilgrim’s Progress

UNIT V Drama a) William Shakespeare: Hamlet b) Christopher Marlowe: Dr. Faustus

Recommended Reading Abrams, M.H. Glossary of literary terms. 5th ed. New York: Holt, Rinehart, and Winston, 1988. Baugh, Albert Croll. A literary history of England. 2nd ed. New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts, 1967. Bennett, H. S. Chaucer and the fifteenth century. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1947. Bennett, J. A. W. Middle English literature. Oxford: Clarendon Press; New York: Oxford University Press, 1986. Bentley, Gerald Eades. The Jacobean and Caroline stage. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1941-68. Bergeron, David Moore. Twentieth-century criticism of English masques, pageants, and entertainments: 1558-1642. San Antonio, TX: Trinity University Press, 1972. Bush, Douglas. English literature in the earlier seventeenth century, 1600-1660. 2nd ed. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1962. Chambers, Edmund Kerchever. English literature at the close of the Middle Ages. New York: Oxford University Press, 1947. __________. The mediaeval stage. Oxford: Oxford Univ. Press, 1925. ---------------, Elizabethan stage. Oxford: The Clarendon Press, 1951. Crosby, Everett Uberto. Medieval studies : a bibliographical guide. New York: Garland Pub., 1983. ________. A new critical history of Old English literature. New York: New York University Press, 1986. Darien, CT .International guide to medieval studies.: American Bibliographic Service 1961. Edwards A. S. G. Ed.Middle English prose: a critical guide to major authors and genres.. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press, 1984. Greenfield, Stanley B. A bibliography of publications on Old English literature, to the end of 1972 : using the collections of E. E. Ericson. Toronto; Buffalo: University of Toronto Press, 1980. Hans Kurath. Ann Arbor Eds Middle English dictionary..: University of Michigan Press, 1952. Harmon, Willliam; Holman, C. Hugh. A handbook to literature. 7th ed. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice-Hall, 1996. Ousby. Ian Ed The Cambridge guide to literature in English..Revised Edition. Cambridge; New York: Cambridge University Press, 1993. Pearsall, Derek Albert. Old English and Middle English poetry. London ; Boston: Routledge & K. Paul, 1977. Rouse, Richard H. Serial bibliographies for medieval studies. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press 1969. Stratman, Carl Joseph. Bibliography of medieval drama. 2nd ed. New York: Ungar, 1972. Harner, James L. English Renaissance prose fiction, 1500-1660 : an annotated bibliography of criticism, 1984-1990. New York; Toronto: Macmillan, 1992. Henry Bradley. Oxford; New York: Oxford University Press, 1974. Strayer.,Joseph R. Ed. Dictionary of the Middle Ages.. New York: Scribner, 1982-1989. Lewis, C. S. English literature in the sixteenth century, excluding drama. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1954.

Logan, Terence P. The later Jacobean and Caroline dramatists. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1978. ________. The new intellectuals. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1977. ________. The popular school ; a survey and bibliography of recent studies in English Renaissance drama. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1975. ________. The predecessors of Shakespeare ; a survey and bibliography of recent studies in English Renaissance Drama. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1973. Salomon, Brownell. Critical analyses in English renaissance drama : a bibliographic guide. Rev. 3rd ed. New York: Garland Pub., 1991. Salzman, Paul. English prose fiction, 1558-1700 : a critical history. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1985. Saunders, J. W. A biographical dictionary of Renaissance poets and dramatists, 1520-1650. Sussex: Harvester Press; Totowa, NJ: Barnes & Noble, 1983. Vickers ,Brian (Ed.)Francis Bacon and Renaissance Prose Cambridge : Cambridge University Press; 1 edition , 2009. Ward A.W.et al Eds.The Cambridge history of English literature, New York; London: Putnam, 1907-33. White, D. Jerry. Early English drama, Everyman to 1580 : a reference guide. Boston, MA: G. K. Hall, 1986. Wickham, Glynne William Gladstone. Early English stages, 1300 to 1660. London: Routledge and Paul; New York: Columbia University Press, 1959. Internet Resources Renaissance English Literature: http://www.luminarium.org/renlit/index.html The Online Medieval and Classical Library (OMACL) :http://omacl.org/ Center for Seventeenth- and Eighteenth-Century Studies http://www.humnet.ucla.edu/humnet/c1718cs/ English Literature: Early 17th Century: http://www.luminarium.org/sevenlit/ Introduction to Renaissance Studies: http://www.lang.nagoya- u.ac.jp/~matsuoka/EngLit.html Shakespeare: http://www.lang.nagoya-u.ac.jp/~matsuoka/Shakespeare.html 17th-Century Resources: http://www.lang.nagoya-u.ac.jp/~matsuoka/EngLit.html#General A Web Companion to The Norton Anthology of English Literature, 8 th Edition: http://www.wwnorton.com/college/english/nael/


Question 1. Question on unit 1 with internal choice-16 marks Question 2. Short notes on unit 2 (any 2 out of 4) -16 marks Question 3. Question on unit 3 with internal choice-16 marks Question 4. Question on unit 4 with internal choice-16 marks Question 5. Question on unit 5 with internal choice-16 marks

COURSE NO.3-RESTORATION AND AUGUSTAN AGE Rationale In the period from the second half of the seventeenth century to the latter decades of the eighteenth Britain was undergoing a dramatic process of modernization. It was becoming increasingly urbanized, and London, during the eighteenth century, would become the largest city in Europe and one of the largest in the world. There was a burgeoning consumer culture, and the development of its political parties (Whig and Tory). Indeed, the entity of Great Britain itself was created during this period. Alongside these developments, British literature acquired several of its most enduring fictional characters, including Robinson Crusoe and Gulliver, while their authors participated in one of the most important literary developments of the Restoration and eighteenth century: the rise of the novel in English. At the same time, it was during this period that literary criticism began to take its modern, institutional form, partly through the growth of book reviewing in periodical publications (which was a response to the increasing number of books being published). This course is designed to give a perception of this period through some of the major literary works; when read in context, it can be seen that the early novels and early literary criticism were addressing, responding to and even shaping the historic events of their day. Course Contents UNIT I Literary/Historical Background a) Major tendencies of the Restoration Period, Restoration Drama

b) Characteristics of the Augustan Age, Rise of the Novel

UNIT II Major Trends/Literary Movements a) Chroniclers and Diarists, Censorship, Sentimental Comedy

b) Coffee House and 18th Century Literature, Political Journalism, Neoclassicism UNIT III Poetry a) Alexander Pope: Rape of the Lock b) Thomas Gray: An Elegy Written in a Country Church Yard UNIT IV Prose /Fiction a) Henry Fielding: Joseph Andrews b) Jonathan Swift: The Battle of Books UNIT V Drama a) R.B.Sheridan: The Rivals b) John Dryden: All for Love Recommended Reading

Baugh, Albert Croll. A Literary History of England. 2nd Ed. New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts, 1967.

Bond, Donald Frederic. The Age of Dryden. Northbrook, IL: AHM Pub. Corp., [1970]. Butt, John Everett. The Mid-eighteenth Century. Oxford: Clarendon Press; New York: Oxford University Press, 1979.

Drabble, Margaret. The Oxford Companion to English Literature. 5th ed. rev. and updated. Oxford; New York: Oxford University Press, 1995.

Dobree, Bonamy. English Literature in the Early Eighteenth Century, 1700-1740. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1959.

The Eighteenth Century: A Current Bibliography. 1970-74; n.s.1- 1975- Philadelphia: American Society for Eighteenth Century Studies, 1976.

Greene, Donald Johnson. The Age of Exuberance; Backgrounds to Eighteenth-century English literature. New York: Random House, 1970.

Link, Frederick M. English Drama, 1660-1800: A Guide to Information Sources. Detroit.

Lund, Roger D. Restoration and Early Eighteenth-century English literature, 1660-1740: A Selected Bibliography of Resource Materials. New York, NY: Modern Language Association of America, 1980.

Nokes, David. An Annotated Critical Bibliography of Augustan Poetry. Hertfordshire, UK: Harvester Wheatsheaf; New York: St. Martin's Press, 1989.

Sambrook, James. The Eighteenth Century: the Intellectual and Cultural Context of English literature, 1700-1789. 2nd ed. London; New York: Longman, 1993.

Spector, Robert Donald. Backgrounds to Restoration and Eighteenth-century English literature: An Annotated Bibliographical Guide to Modern Scholarship. New York:

Stauffer, Donald A. The Art of Biography in Eighteenth Century England. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press; London: H. Milford; Oxford University Press, 1941.

Stratman, Carl Joseph. Restoration and Eighteenth Century Theatre Research: A Bibliographical Guide, 1900-1968. Carbondale, IL: Southern Illinois University Press, 1971. Sutherland, James Runcieman. English literature of the late seventeenth century. New York: Oxford University Press, 1969. Ward A.W.et al Eds. The Cambridge History of English Literature, New York; London: Putnam, 1907-33.

Internet Resources 18th century literature: http://www.mantex.co.uk/ou/a811/a811-00.htm Stanford Seminar on Enlightenment and Revolution: http://www-leland.stanford.edu/group/SER/SER_HomePage.html CETH: Center for Electronic Texts in the Humanities: http://www.ceth.rutgers.edu/



COURSE NO.4- ROMANTIC AND VICTORIAN AGE Rationale

Romanticism (1789-1832) probably started earlier in England than in any other European country. The characteristic achievement of the era is to be found in the poetry of William Blake, William Wordsworth, Samuel Taylor Coleridge, George Gordon Byron, Percy Bysshe Shelley, and John Keats. In European literature the term Romanticism is usually used to describe the period starting with the 1830’s. The dates of English Romanticism given above roughly correspond to German ‘early romanticism’ (Frühromantik), while the period of European Romanticism covers approximately the English Victorian Age. The Victorian period covers the years of Queen Victoria’s reign (1837-1901). Victorian poetry, as practiced variously by such poets as Alfred Tennyson, Robert Browning, Algernon Charles Swinburne, Dante Gabriel Rossetti, is more or less a continuation of the traditions of English Romanticism. The Victorian era is also the heyday of the novel. Charles Dickens, the Brontë sisters, William Makepeace Thackeray, George Eliot and Thomas Hardy all wrote their masterpieces in this period. Some of the representative works along with the topics covering important literary developments are prescribed in this course so as to build up a comprehensive idea of this period.

Course Contents UNIT I Literary/Historical Background a) Causes and Characteristics of the Romantic Revival, Romantic Poetry

c) Elements of Victorianism, Distinguishing Features of Victorian Poetry and Drama

UNIT II Major Trends/Literary Movements a) Impact of French Revolution, Medievalism and Hellenism, The Lake School b) Pre-Raphaelite Movement, The Age of the Novel, The Oxford Movement UNIT III Poetry a) John Keats: Isabella, Ode on a Grecian Urn, Lamia

b) Robert Browning: My Last Duchess, A Grammarian’s Funeral, Rabbi Ben Ezra

UNIT IV Prose /Fiction a) Charles Dickens: Oliver Twist b) Thomas Hardy: Far from the Madding Crowd UNIT V Drama a) P.B.Shelley: Prometheus Unbound b) Oscar Wilde: The Importance of Being Earnest

Recommended Reading Altholz, Josef Lewis. Victorian England 1837-1901. Cambridge: Conference on British Studies at the University Press, 1970. Baugh, Albert Croll. A literary history of England. 2nd ed. New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts, 1967. Dabundo, Laura .Ed..The Encyclopedia of romanticism : culture in Britain, 1780-1830s. New York: Garland Pub., 1992. DeLaura, David Joseph. Victorian prose; a guide to research. New York, NY: Modern Language Association of America, 1973. Drabble, Margaret. The Oxford companion to English literature. 5th ed. rev. and updated. Oxford; New York: Oxford University Press, 1995. Jordan, Frank Ed. The English Romantic poets : a review of research and criticism. 4th ed. New York: Modern Language Association of America, 1985. Faverty, Frederick Everett. The Victorian poets : a guide to research. 2nd ed. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1968, 1969. Ford,George H. Ed. Victorian fiction : a second guide to research.. New York: Modern Language Association of America, 1978. Horsman, E. A. The Victorian novel. Oxford: Clarendon Press; New York: Oxford University Press, 1990. Houtchens, Carolyn Washburn. The English Romantic poets and essayists ; a review of research and criticism. Rev. ed. New York: for the MLA by New York University Press, 1966. Jack, Ian Robert James. English literature, 1815-1832. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1963. Keats-Shelley journal. New York: Keats-Shelley Association of America, 1952. Mitchell, Sally. Ed.Victorian Britain : an encyclopedia. New York: Garland Pub., 1988. Reiman, Donald H. English Romantic poetry, 1800-1835 : a guide to information sources. Detroit, MI: Gale Research Co., 1979. -----------Ed. The Romantics reviewed : contemporary reviews of British Romantic writers. New York: Garland, 1972. Romantic movement : a selective and critical bibliography. 1979- New York: Garland Pub. Co., 1980. Stevenson, Lionel. Victorian fiction : a guide to research. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1966. Sutherland, John. The Stanford companion to Victorian fiction. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 1989. Turner, Paul. English literature, 1832-1890 : excluding the novel. Oxford: Clarendon Press ; New York : Oxford University Press, 1989. Vann, J. Don. Victorian novels in serial. New York: Modern Language Association of America, 1985. Vann, J. Don.and Rosemary T. VanArsdel. Eds. Victorian periodicals and Victorian society. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1994. Victorian studies. Bloomington, IN: Indiana University, 1957- Ward A.W.et al Eds.The Cambridge history of English literature, New York; London: Putnam, 1907-33. Internet Resources

19th Century Resources: gopher://rsl.ox.ac.uk/11/lib Canonical British Novels of the Nineteenth Century: http://survey2.ehap.isr.umich.edu/carroll-demo.htm Interdisciplinary Nineteenth Century Studies : http://www.nd.edu/~incshp/ Romanticism: CD-ROM:http://www.ualberta.ca/~dmiall/ROMCDINF.HTM Victorian Literary Studies Archive : http://victorian.lang.nagoya-u.ac.jp/ The Victorian Society in America : http://www.victoriansociety.org



M. A. English First Year Semester-II COURSE NO 5- MODERN ENGLISH GRAMMAR Rationale The advanced learners of English must be familiar with the structure of English at the level of Syntax. There are a set of rules by which a language is governed. These rules may have a few exceptions but on the whole they do govern the language usage. A sentence has a deep structure as well as a surface structure. Similarly the meaning of a sentence gets altered on changing its structure. The students of English must get acquainted with the subtle nuances of meaning. The situational, contextual, social and cultural appropriateness is as important as grammatical correctness. Course Contents UNIT I The Structure of NP and VP Determiners, pre-determiners, modifiers Clause and Sentences: Simple, Complex and Compound Sentences Simple Sentences: Grammatical Functions/Elements of Clause Sentence Structures S, V, O, Oi, Cs, Co, A. Basic Clause Types/ Sentence Pattern UNIT II Concord/ S-V Agreement Declarative, Interrogative, Imperative, Exclamatory Clauses, Active and Passive Clause Analysis of a Simple Sentence Subordination and Co-ordination Main Clause, Adverb Clause, Relative Clauses Analysis of a Multiple Sentence UNIT III English Syntax: Immediate Constituent (IC) Analysis Limitations of IC Analysis Syntactic Constituency, Identification of Syntactic Constituents – The Tests: Substitution, Conjoining, Distribution, Movement, etc Transformational Generative (TG) Grammar Surface Structure and Deep Structure UNIT IV The terms ‘Semantics’ and ‘Meaning’ Sense and Reference, Denotation and Connotation Components and Contrast of meaning (synonym, antonym, hyponymy, etc) Lexical relations (homonymy, homophony, polysemy, metonymy) Entailment and Presupposition Sentence-meaning and Utterance-meaning

Social-meaning UNIT V Ambiguity – Lexical and Structural Notion of Grammaticality and Acceptability Notion of Correctness and Appropriateness Form and Meaning Remedial English Grammar for Marathi Students Books Recommended: 1) Crystal, David. 1985. Rediscover Grammar with David Crystal. Longman 2) Green Contemporary English Grammar: Structures & Composition. Macmillan

India Ltd. 3) Krishnaswamy, N. Modern English – A Book of Grammar, Usage &

Composition. Macmillan India Ltd. 4) Hewings, M. 1999. Advanced English Grammar. Cambridge University Press 5) Greenbaum, S. 1991. An Introduction to English Grammar. London: ELBS 6) Leech, G. 1974. Semantics. Harmondsworth: Penguin 7) Leech, G. 1980. Explorations in Semantics and Pragmatics. Amsterdam: John

Benjamins 8) Lyons, J. 1977. Semantics (two vols) Cambridge: CUP 9) Palmer, F.R. 1981. Semantics Cambridge: CUP 10) Bloomfield, L. 1935. Language. UK edn. Allen and Unwin 11) Yule, G. 1985. The Study of Language. Cambridge: CUP 12) Verma, S.K. 1989. Modern Linguistics. Delhi: OUP 13) Syal, P. & D.V.Jindal, 1998. An Introduction to Linguistics: Language, Grammar

& Semantics. New Delhi: Prentice-Hall of India


Question 1. Question on unit 1 with internal choice-16 marks Question 2. Question on unit 2 with internal choice-16 marks Question 3. Question on unit 3 with internal choice-16 marks Question 4. Question on unit 5 with internal choice-16 marks Question 5. Short notes on unit 4 (any 2 out of 4)-16 marks

COURSE NO 6 - 20th-CENTURY ENGLISH LITERATURE Rationale The range of literature and of its readership, which increased in the 19th-century English literature period, rose even more rapidly in the 20th century. The 20th century has been a period of great artistic change, dominated by the impact of the two World Wars, as well as by the artistic concerns of modernism and postmodernism which affected both themes and methods of writing. This course surveys the major tendencies of the 20th century literature through a study of the topics related to historical background as well as some representative texts. In contrast to writing which was in favour of the expansion of the British Empire, the 20th century literary works are much more uncertain of the concept of ‘Britishness’ or ‘Englishness’. This indicates the questioning nature of the 20th century, which began by doubting the principles on which the Victorians had based their social code, leading to uncertainty and complexity. The well-ordered and refined culture of the late 19th century was largely destroyed by World War I, which gave birth to some of the pained and distorted visions of the world that had impact upon literature and art. By the end of the century the school of postmodernism started favourig the mixing of different cultures and artistic styles in one new work of art. The course aims at helping the learner to understand all these complexities of the 20th century literature. Course Contents UNIT I Literary/Historical Background a) Edwardian and Georgian Literature, The Modernist Revolution b) Post World War II Drama, Poetry after 1950s UNIT II Major Trends/Literary Movements a) The Trench Poets, Stream of Consciousness Novel, The Bloomsbury Group b) The Angry Young Men, Post-Colonial voices, Postmodernist Literature UNIT III Poetry a) T. S. Eliot :‘Hollow Men’, ‘Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock’, ‘The Hippopotamus’ b) Ted Hughes: ‘Wind’, ‘Relic’,’ Pike’, ‘River’ UNIT IV Prose/Fiction

a) Virginia Woolf : A Room of One’s Own b) William Golding :Lord of the Flies

UNIT V Drama a) John Osborne : Look Back in Anger b) Harold Pinter :The Caretaker

Recommended Reading

Blamires ,Harry .Twentieth Century English Literature (The history of literature) Palgrave Macmillan; 2nd edition , 1986. Bloom ,Harold (Editor)William Golding's Lord of the Flies (Bloom's Modern Critical Interpretations) .Blooms Literary Criticism , 2008. Brower ,Reuben Arthur .Twentieth-Century Literature in Retrospect (Harvard English Studies) ,Harvard University press 1971. Ellis, Steve. Virginia Woolf and the Victorians. Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 2007. Fisher, Jane. Contagion of the Heart: Women’s Literary Narratives of the Influenza Pandemic of 1918-1920. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2007. Hall, Sarah M. The Bedside, Bathtub and Armchair Companion to Virginia Woolf and Bloomsbury. London: Continuum, 2007. Heilpern, John John Osborne: A Patriot for Us. Chatto & Windus.. 2006.Little, Ruth & McLaughlin, Emily The Royal Court Theatre Inside Out. Oberon Books. 2007. Lewis, Barry. "Postmodernism and Literature." The Routledge Companion to Postmodernism NY: Routledge, 2002. MacKay, Marina. Modernism and World War II. Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 2007. Marcus ,Laura (Editor), The Cambridge History of Twentieth-Century English Literature (The New Cambridge History of English Literature) CUP 2007. Menand ,Louis. Discovering Modernism: T. S. Eliot and His Context , Oxford University Press, USA; 2 edition,2007. Miller ,J. Hillis Poets of Reality: Six Twentieth-Century Writers. Cambridge, MA: The Belknap Press of Harvard UP. 1965. Moulin ,Joanny. Ted Hughes Alternative Horizons. Taylor & Francis, 2005. Raby ,Peter (Editor)The Cambridge Companion to Harold Pinter (Cambridge Companions to Literature) Cambridge University Press; 2nd edition , 2009. Scott, Bonnie Kime, Ed. Gender in Modernism: New Geographies, Complex Intersections.Urbana: U of Illinois P, 2007. Simons, Ilana R. A Life of One’s Own: A Guide to Original Living through the Work and Wisdom of Virginia Woolf. New York: Penguin, 2007. Watney, Simon. Bloomsbury in Sussex. Lewes: Snake River P, 2007. Williamson ,George. A Reader's Guide to T.S. Eliot: A Poem-By-Poem Analysis (Reader's Guides) Syracuse University Press; 1st Syracuse University Press Ed edition ,1998. Internet Resources

Literature and the Modern World : http://www.mantex.co.uk/ou/a319/a319-00.htm

Modern Fiction Studies : http://www.cla.purdue.edu/academic/engl/mfs/

On-Line Literary Resources: Twentieth-Century : http://andromeda.rutgers.edu/~jlynch/Lit/20th.html

Postmodernism and Literary Criticism and Theory Discussion : http://killdevilhill.com/postmodernchat/wwwboard.html

Twentieth-Century Poetry in English (Kobe University): http://www.lit.kobe-u.ac.jp/~hishika/20c_poet.htm

Hutchinson encyclopedia : http://encyclopedia.farlex.com/20th-century+English+literature

Literary History : http://www.literaryhistory.com/ Literary Resources: Twentieth-Century British and Irish :http://andromeda.rutgers.edu/~jlynch/Lit/20th.html



COURSE NO. 7- CLASSICAL AND MEDIEVAL EUROPEAN LITERATURE

Rationale

The study of European Literature begins with the earliest extant European literary works written in ancient Greek period. The Greeks excelled in diverse literary genres including Drama, Poetry and Prose. The origin of modern literature is traced back to the Classical Literature. It is, therefore, of immense importance that a student of literature is introduced to the characteristics of Classical literature : economy of words, direct expression, subtlety of thought, and attention to form, which are the qualities that make the ancient literature admirable and inspiring even in the contemporary times. The present course is an attempt to provide an outline sketch of the European Literature from the time of its beginning to the end of the Medieval period.

Course Contents UNIT I Literary/Historical Background a) Ancient Greek Epic, Lyric and Drama, ) The Greek Philosophers and Historiographers b).The Golden and Silver Ages of Latin Literature,

Europe in the Medieval period : Development of Christianity, The Social Structure

UNIT II Literary/Historical Background : Landmarks a) Accomplishments of Greek Civilization, The Augustan Age, The Rome of Nero

b) Black Death, The growth of vernacular literature in 15th century, Arthurian Romances

UNIT III Poetry a) Homer : Illiad (Books XXI and XXII) b) Chretien de Troyes : Yvain, The Knight of the Lion UNIT IV Prose a) Lucius Apuleius : Metamorphoses ( The Golden Asse) b) Peter Abelard : Historia Calamitatum (The Story of My Misfortunes) UNIT V Drama a) Aeschylus : The Libation Bearers b) Terence : Andria (The Andrian ) Texts Butler, Samuel.The Illiad of Homer. Penguin Classics (reprint) 2006. (http://www.gutenberg.org/dirs/etext00/iliad10.txt) Chretien de Troyes : Yvain, The Knight of the Lion in Arthurian Romances Translated and Edited By W. W. Comfort Everyman's Library/Dent/Dutton , 1967. (http://www.gutenberg.org/files/831/831-h/831-h.htm )

Carroll, Carleton W. (Ed.): Chretien DeTroyes: Erec and Enide (Garland Library of Medieval Literature, New York & London, 1987). Edited with a translation (also available in Penguin Classics edition). Apuleius (Author), Robert Graves (Translator) The Golden Ass E. J. Kenney (Translator, Introduction) Penguin Classics, 1999.

Abelard ,Peter, Historia Calamitatum: The Story of My Misfortunes Translated by Henry Adams Bellows BiblioBazaar, 2007.( http://www.gutenberg.org/files/14268/14268-8.txt) Aeschylus : The Libation Bearers University of Penn. Press 1998. (http://records.viu.ca/~Johnstoi/aeschylus/libationbearers.htm) Crowel ,E. P. The Andria and Adelphoe of Terence BiblioBazaar, 2009. Terence .Andrea Trans,by Thomas Riley( http://www.gutenberg.org/files/22188/22188-h/22188-h.htm) Recommended Reading Anonymous: Lancelot of the Lake (Trans: Corin Corely); Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1989. Benoit , Annick .History of European Literature Routledge; 2nd edition , 2000. Curtius ,Ernst Robert. (Author), Willard R. Trask (Translator)European Literature and the Latin Middle Ages : Princeton University Press , 1991. Hornblower ,Simon and Spawforth ,Antony (Eds.) The Oxford Classical Dictionary Oxford University Press, USA; 3 Revised edition, 2003. Howatson ,M. C. The Oxford Companion to Classical Literature .Oxford University Press, USA; 2 edition , 1989. Karkaria, R. P. (Ed) Lectures on the History of Literature or the Successive Periods of European Culture: Delivered in 1838 by Thomas Carlyle ; Cornell University Library , 2009. Lesky ,Albin. History of Greek Literature: Hackett Publishing Company, 1996. Mackail,J.W. Latin Literature. BiblioLife , 2008. Saintsbury ,George(Ed) Periods of European Literature. Kessinger Publishing, LLC , 2007. Internet Resources The American Classical League : http://www.aclclassics.org/ Essays on the Latin Authors :http://community.middlebury.edu/~harris/SubIndex/latinauthors.html Ad Fontes Academy :http://www.thelatinlibrary.com/classics Studies in the classics:http://community.middlebury.edu/~harris/SubIndex/classics.html The Online Medieval and Classical Library (OMACL) :http://omacl.org/ Center for Seventeenth- and Eighteenth-Century Studies:http://www.humnet.ucla.edu/humnet/c1718cs/ Great writers : http://www.xs4all.nl/~pwessel/writers.html Apuleius (Author)Translator: William Adlington The Golden Ass (http://www.gutenberg.org/etext/1666)

COURSE NO.8 MODERN EUROPEAN LITERATURE

Rationale

Due to the Renaissance and the Enlightenment in the centuries following the Medieval Age, the world witnessed the emergence of Modern European Literature. This course takes a survey of the historical development of Modern European Literature up to the 20th century through some of the important literary and historical events as well as a few representative texts from different European Nations. Though the richness ,diversity and ideological complexity of the whole body of this literature extends far beyond the limited scope of a semester course, it is expected that the learner would have a fair idea of the general nature and tendencies essential for the understanding and appreciation of Modern European Literature. Course Contents UNIT I Literary/Historical Background a) Emergence of Modern European Thought: Renaissance and Enlightenment, The Age of Revolution (1789-1848). b) Realism in the Arts and Philosophy after 1850,

Main features of Modernism: Symbolism, Impressionism, Aestheticism, Naturalism.

UNIT II Literary/Historical Background: Landmarks a) Rousseau and his followers, Industrial Revolution, Realism and Realpolitic (mid 19th century) b) Existentialism, The Rise of Socialism, The Formation of the European Communities (E.C.) UNIT III Poetry a)Bertolt Brecht: 1.O Germany, Pale Mother!2.From a German War Primer 3. Solidarity Song 4.Questions From a Worker Who Reads 5. Children’s Hymn b) W. B. Yeats : 1.Circus Animals’ Desertion 2.An Acre of Grass 3.Sailing to Byzantium UNIT IV Prose/Fiction a) Victor Hugo : The Hunchback of Notre Dame b) Franz Kafka : The Metamorphosis UNIT V Drama a) Henrik Ibsen : A Doll’s House b) Samuel Beckett : Waiting For Godot Recommended Reading

Ackerly ,C. J.and Gontarski S. E.The Grove Companion to Samuel Beckett: A Reader's Guide to His Works, Life, and Thought .Grove Press, 2004. Anders ,Gunther Franz Kafka (Studies in modern European literature and thought)Bowes & Bowes ,1965. Astro ,Alan . Understanding Samuel Beckett (Understanding Modern European and Latin American Literature) University of South Carolina Press , 1990.

Bede ,Jean-Albert and Edgerton ,William The Columbia Dictionary of Modern European Literature Columbia University Press; 2 Sub edition , 1980. Brombert , Victor. In Praise of Antiheroes: Figures and Themes in Modern European Literature, 1830-1980 University Of Chicago Press, 2001. Kafka ,Franz. The Metamorphosis - Multiple Critical Perspectives . Prestwick House, Inc , 2008. Keller ,Ursula (Ed.), Writing Europe: What Is European About the Literatures of Europe? Essays from 33 European Countries. Central European University Press , 2004. Loewenstein ,David and Mueller ,Janel(Eds.) The Cambridge History of Early Modern English Literature (The New Cambridge History of English Literature) Cambridge University Press, 2003. Moi ,Toril Henrik Ibsen and the Birth of Modernism: Art, Theater, Philosophy. University Press, USA , 2008. Pilling ,John (Ed.) The Cambridge Companion to Beckett (Cambridge Companions to Literature) ,Cambridge University Press, 1994. Robb ,Graham. Victor Hugo: A Biography. W.W. Norton & Co., 1999.

Scott ,Nathan A Samuel Beckett, (Studies in modern European literature and thought) Bowes and Bowes ,1965. Thomson ,Peter (Ed.), The Cambridge Companion to Brecht (Cambridge Companions to Literature) Cambridge University Press,2007. Internet Resources

Stanford Seminar on Enlightenment and Revolution: http://www-leland.stanford.edu/group/SER/SER_HomePage.html Interdisciplinary Nineteenth Century Studies:http://www.nd.edu/~incshp/ Introduction to Renaissance Studies: http://www.lang.nagoya-u.ac.jp/~matsuoka/EngLit.html

Literature and the Modern World : http://www.mantex.co.uk/ou/a319/a319-00.htm

Modern Fiction Studies : http://www.cla.purdue.edu/academic/engl/mfs/

On-Line Literary Resources: Twentieth-Century : http://andromeda.rutgers.edu/~jlynch/Lit/20th.html

Postmodernism and Literary Criticism and Theory Discussion : http://killdevilhill.com/postmodernchat/wwwboard.html

Great writers : http://www.xs4all.nl/~pwessel/writers.html CETH: Center for Electronic Texts in the Humanities: http://www.ceth.rutgers.edu/



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