whs ap psychology growth of psychology. i can ztrace the growth of psychology
TRANSCRIPT
WHSAP Psychology
Growth of Psychology
I CAN
Trace the growth of psychology.
What is Psychology? Psychology is the scientific study of behavior and
mental processes Scientific?
Not just common sense or guesses Psychology uses the scientific method Scientific Method is careful observations and the
experimental testing of hypothesis Behavior – what people do on the outside Mental Processes – What is going on inside
someone's head. We call this cognition. Psychology includes the study of both humans and
animals
Psychology’s Roots
Wilhelm Wundt (vil´helm voont) opened the first psychology laboratory at the University of Liepzig (c. 1879)
Psychology’s Roots
Wundt’s significance? By insisting on
measurement and experimentation he moves Psych from Philosophy to Science
Psychology’s Roots 1. Structuralism –
School of psychology that stressed the basic units of experience (physical sensation, feelings, and memories) and the combinations in which they occur.
Study these ‘atoms of experience’ to get the structure of the mind Uses INTROSPECTION:
The process of reporting one’s own conscious mental experiences
Prologue: Psychology’s Roots
William James Rejects
Structuralism Influenced by
Darwin 2. Functionalism –
theory of mental life and behavior that is concerned with how an organism uses its perceptual abilities to function in its enviroment.
The Growth of Psychology
Sigmund Freud: 3. Psychodynamic psychology Behavior results from forces at work
within the individual, often at an unconscious level
Late 1800s Hard to prove or disprove scientifically
Return to the observable in the early 1900s
John B. Watson: 4. Behaviorism Studied only observable behaviors Expanded upon the work of Pavlov
B.F. Skinner: Behaviorism revisited Expanded behaviorism Viewed the mind as a “black box” that
was irrelevant
The Cognitive Revolution
The precursors to 7. cognitive psychology: 5. Gestalt psychology
Study of how we perceive objects as whole patterns
Therapy that wishes to treat the whole person
6. Humanistic psychologyEmphasizes realization of full potentialRecognizes importance of love, self esteem,
belonging, and self-actualization
The Cognitive Revolution of the 1960s
Study of mental processes Thinking Learning Feeling Remembering Decision making
New Directions in Psychology
8. Evolutionary psychology Studies the adaptive value of behaviors
and mental processes9. Positive psychology
Study of the subjective feelings of happiness and well-being
Focus is on positive attitude
Multiple Perspectives
10. ECCLECTICISM
There is no single right answer
Several perspectives can provide insight into behavior
Psychology’s Big Issues
Nature-nurture controversy Are we a product of innate, inborn tendencies controlled by
our genetic make-up? Are we a reflection of experiences and upbringing?
Person–Situation Is behavior caused by factors inside the person or outside?
Stability–Change Are behavior patterns learned in childhood permanent or do
people change over time? Diversity-Universality
How am I like every person, like some people, and like no one else?
Mind–Body What is the relationship between the mind and the body?
Can I
Trace the growth of psychology?