What do you know?• In your own words briefly describe

what you know about databases?–Where are they used?–What are they used for?–How do they look?–What parts make up a database?–How would you use one for your startup?

Slide 1

Database Fundamentals

Objective 5.01: Understand database tables used in business

What is a Database?

A database is a tool used toorganize, store, retrieve, andcommunicate (report on)

groups of related information.

Slide 3

Examples of Databases

• Telephone book• Online library card catalog

–Media Center information–Encyclopedias–Dictionaries

• eBay and other online

businesses–Inventory–Keep track of customers,

products, vendors, pay pal accounts

Slide 4

• Business stock inventory• Barcode scanner keeps

inventory in database• Real estate listings

• MLS listings online• Fingerprint database

More Examples of Databases

• Payroll data– Employee names– Employee Soc. Security

numbers– Pay rates– Exemptions

• Hospital/patient data• Internet search engines

databases• iTunes

–Music

• Personal address book• Student data (NCWISE),

such as Student ID #’s

Slide 5

Why do businesses use databases?

• A database is a tool used by businesses to manage the huge amount of data required to run the business.– For example, a business may use several

databases to keep track of employee information, customers, products, and prices of products.

– All of the information can be easily and efficiently managed and shared by database software.

Slide 6

What makes a Database?

Slide 7

Databases consist of 4 main Objects:

1. Entry- one piece of information

2. Field – one category of information

3. Record – information all about one person or product

4. File – a completed database

TablesTables store data, so they are the

essential building blocks

of all databases.

Tables--are used to group

and organize the

information within a database.

All databases contain at least one table.– Each database usually consists of one or more tables.

Slide 8

TablesTables are created in datasheet view

First you must set up the database in design view before you can begin.

A Table is an arrangement of columns and rows.

Slide 9

Tables

Slide 10

1. A Table is an arrangement of columns and rows.

• A Table is the fundamental building block of all databases.

• In a Database Table:

• Rows called Records

• Columns called Fields

Table Components: Entry, Field, Record

2. An Entry is a single piece of data in a database table.

• Data is made up of characters.

•Data is typed into a Field as an entry.

• Example: • Beverages is an entry in the

Category Name field.

Slide 11

Tables3. A Field is a grouping or category of similar

information contained in a table.• A Field is represented by a COLUMN.

• It is comprised of entries.

• A Field is a unique identifier for a category of information.• It is one item or bit of

information in a record.

Slide 12

Tables4. A Record is a complete description of all of

the fields related to one item in a table.

• A Record – A group of related fields of information.

• Everything on one rowis a record.

• A Record is a single piece of data in a database table.

Slide 13

Slide 14

Database Tables: The Big Picture

To calculate the number of entries in a database--multiply the number of fields by the number of records. Ex. 5 fields(columns)*26 rows (records) = 130 entries in this database.

2. ENTRIES (cells)

4. RECORDS (rows) 3. FIELDS (columns)

1. Table

3. Field2. Entries

4. Record

Search vs Sort• Sort – is a way to organize the information in a

database– Ascending – A-Z , 1-100, Shortest to tallest– Descending -Z-A, 10-1, Tallest to shortest

• Search – is a way to find something specific. Your answer must meet one or more criteria.– Use Connectors to search

• 2 boolean operators/connectors are: And, Or

– Searches are also known as filters or queries.Slide 15

Mathematical Comparison Operators

< Less Than<= Less than or Equal to= Equal To< >Not equal to> Greater Than>= Greater than or Equal to

Slide 16

What is the answer?• Name• Birth date• Social Security No.• Street• City• State• Zip• Phone

Each item on the left is classified as a/an:

a) Tableb) Record

c) Fieldd) Entry

Slide 17

What is the answer?• Susan Almond• 10/22/1985• 245-88-9845• 31 Bessemer St.• Greensboro• NC• 25233• 336-585-5646

Each item on the left is classified as a/an:

a) Tableb) Record

c) Fieldd) Entry

Slide 18

What is the answer?• Susan Almond• 10/22/1985• 245-88-9845• 31 Bessemer St.• Greensboro• NC• 25233• 336-585-5646

All of the information about Susan Almond is classified as a/an:

a) Tableb) Record

c) Fieldd) Entry

Slide 19

What is the answer?

• Information about multiple employees is classified as a/an:

a) Tableb) Recordc) Fieldd) Entry

Slide 20

Susan’s Record

Name Bday SS Street City St Zip Phone

Almond, Susan

10/22/1985

245-88-9845

31 Bessemer St

Greensboro NC 25233 336-585-5646

Slide 21

One record is displayed from the Employee Table above. The table contains 8 fields.