What body systems did you learn last year? Their functions?

• Class discussion

Connect cell to system organization Cells: ___________________________________

Tissues: group of _________________ working together for a ____________________ Ex.

Organs: group of __________ working together for a _________________________ Ex.

Organ System: group of _____________ working together for a _____________________ Ex.

Organism: group of ____________ working together for the ____________________________. Ex.

Which system protects our body against diseases?

• Class discussion

DISEASESWhat are non-infectious diseases?• Diseases which are ______________________________________• Person acquires disease from ______________ or _____________• Can be __________, ________________, or cause_____________.Examples:

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________

What are infectious diseases?• Diseases that __________________________________________.Examples:

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Recommended Immunization Schedule Analysis

Class work: 1) Take a look at the next couple slides on the

‘Recommended Immunization Schedule’ and make a list of the vaccines that every child takes from 0-6 years old, and from 7-18 years old.

2) How many vaccines should you have had by now, according to the immunization schedule?

3) Do these vaccines protect you from infectious or non-infectious diseases? Explain.

Sample Vaccination Report Analysis

Class work: Take a look at the next slide titled ‘ImmunizationReport’ to answer the following questions.1) How old is the child in the report? When is

his/her birthday?2) What vaccinations has he/she had? 3) Has this child been vaccinated for chicken pox?

HepB 2-2-97 3-4-97 8-7-97DTP/Td/TD 4-8-97 6-10-97 6-9-98 9-10-01 7-28-02

OPV/IPV 2-14-97 4-8-97 6-10-97 1-31-01 9-10-01

Hib 4-8-97 6-10-97 8-11-97 6-4-01 9-10-01

MMR/Meas 3-3-98 11-8-02

PCV 2-1-97 1-31-01 3-2-01 2-8-02

Varicella 2-1-97

Other Flu: 2-8-02, FluLo: 3-2-01

P.D PatientDOB: 2/1/1997AGE: 5.8 yearsImmunization/Vaccination Report

Reliable history of varicella? YES

What is a vaccine?Vaccine:• ________________________________________________

________________________________• Contains a substance that

________________________________________• It is a ______________form of the pathogen but

________________________________________________________________________________.

• The immune system recognizes the pathogen as _________________, ______________, and _________________, so that the immune system can more easily___________________________________

• _____________________________________________

Disease causing agents: Pathogens

Examples of pathogens and their related diseases:• Virus: ____________________________________• Bacteria: _________________________________• Protists (parasites): _________________________

How are pathogens transmitted? Class discussion.

VIRUS• Virus = HIV• Disease = AIDS

• Virus = Varicella zoster virus• Disease = Chicken Pox

• Virus = Polio virus• Disease = Polio

• Virus = Influenza virus• Disease = Flu

Bacteria

• Bacteria = Tubercle bacillus• Disease = Tuberculosis (TB)

• Bacteria = Borellia• Disease: Lyme Disease

• Bacteria = Streptococcus pnuemoniae

• Disease = Pneumonia

Portists (Parasites)

• Protist = Plasmodium• Disease = Malaria

• Protist = Trypanosoma• Disease = African Sleeping

Sickness

• Protist = Amoeba• Disease = Dysentery

THE IMMUN SYSTEMHow does the body defend itself

against infectious disease?

Parts of the Immune System

Function of the Immune System:

Definition of immunity:

Parts of the IMMUNE SYSTEMSpleen:

Structure:

Function:

Lymph nodes:

Structure:

Function:

Tonsils:

Structure:

Function:

Thymus Gland:

Structure:

Function:

There are two types of immunity:

1) ___________________________________2) ___________________________________

1) Non-specific Immunity(Innate Immunity)

Definition:

Examples:

• Interferons

• Inflammation

• Leukocytes

Q. Which organelle is the most abundant in this cell?

White blood cells are fighting with bacteria.

2) Specific Immunity (acquired-adaptive immunity)

It is provided by_______________which arespecific to the ___________.

a) B lymphocytes:

b) T lymphocytes:

How do the cells work? (Active or Passive immunity)

Active immunity• Gained by:

• Our body produces:

Passive immunity• Gained by:

• Our body does not produce antibody, instead it:

• Example:

ANTIBODIES ARE BIOLOGICAL WEAPONS. HOW DO THEY KILL THE PATHOGEN?

ANTIBODIES• Structure: ____________________• Produced by: _________________• Function: ______________________________________________________________________________• This causes one of two things to happen: 1) _______________________________________

Or 2) _______________________________________

ANTIBIOTICS or ANTIBACTERIALS• Antibiotics are used to: __________________________________________________________________• _____________________________________________________________________________________• There is concern worldwide that antibiotics are

_____________________________. Antibiotic overuse is one of the factors that contributes towards _______________________________ as the growing number of bacterial infections which are becoming _____________________________.