what are the steps? - international energy agency are the steps: incentives for energy efficient...
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© OECD/IEA 2015
Energy Efficiency Training Week
What are the steps?Set targets and develop policies
BuildingsSession 5
Buildings energy efficiency sessions done in partnership with:
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1. Where to start: Understanding building energy use2. Where to start: Energy efficiency potential in buildings3. Toolkit: Building technologies for low energy buildings4. Toolkit: Building energy efficiency policies5. What are the steps: Set targets and develop policies 6. What are the steps: Building energy codes 7. What are the steps: Incentives for energy efficient buildings8. Did it work: Tracking progress with energy efficiency indicators9. Did it work: Evaluating the multiple benefits of energy efficiency
in buildings10. Where do I get help: International collaborations
Energy Efficiency Training WeekBuildings: Program
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No. B
uild
ings - Rebates
- Green Loans
- CDM etc.
- Rebates
- Green Loans
- CDM etc.
- Voluntary Schemes
- Capacity Building
- Awareness Raising
- Voluntary Schemes
- Capacity Building
- Awareness Raising
Best PracticeBest PracticeMinimum Performance
Tambourines
BaselinesBaselines
CarrotsSticks
IllegalIllegal InnovationInnovation
Policy Goal: Market Transformation
-Codes
-Standards
-Regulations
-Codes
-Standards
-Regulations
Source: www.gbpn.org
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Action Plan Development
1. Stock taking Existing policies and policy
context; Transformational, tools,
technologies & designs Work force skills & capabilities; Information, knowledge and
awareness2. Scenario analysis & goal
setting MRV baseline & mitigation
potential Market data and assumptions Best practice scenarios Multiple benefits analysis
3. Implementation roadmaps Key milestones & strategic targets Capacity building, R&D,
demonstration Monitoring, evaluation &
reporting4. Fundraising
MRV requirements NAMA, World Bank, Development
Banks, GEF Bi‐lateral and multi‐lateral funds
Source: www.gbpn.org
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Action Plan DevelopmentStock‐taking: residential building data
Source: www.gbpn.org
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Action Plan DevelopmentStock‐taking: commercial building data
Source: www.gbpn.org
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Action Plan DevelopmentStock‐taking: residential vs. commercial
Source: www.gbpn.org
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Action Plan DevelopmentBaselines: Energy Demand and Emissions
Source: www.gbpn.org
Energy (Mtoe - million tonnes of oil equivalent) CO2 Emissions (MMT - million metric tonnes)
Baseline Residential Commercial Baseline
Residential buildings &
commercial & public services3
% of total fuel combustion4
Australia 2010 10.6 6.89 2010 12 3Brazil 2009 23.21 9.89 2010 20 5
Canada 2010 30.98 25.18 2010 70 13China 2009 350.09 60.26 2010 439 6
Denmark 2010 4.9 2.15 2010 4 9Europe 2010 326.97 160.76 2010 627 17France 2010 44.05 23.4 2010 85 24
Germany 2010 65.74 29.31 2010 147 19India 2009 168.45 150.46 2010 89 5
Indonesia 2009 56.46 4.25 2010 20 5Italy 2010 31.39 16.96 2010 76 19
Japan 2010 49.69 64.17 2010 153 13Korea 2010 19.86 20.5 2010 53 9
Mexico 2010 17.84 3.57 2010 23 6Russia 2009 109.4 38.02 2010 136 9
South Africa 2009 17.31 5.55 2010 15 4
United Kingdom 2010 44.59 14.96 2010 97 20
United States 2010 268.28 205.92 2010 541 10
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Action Plan DevelopmentScenario analysis & goal setting
Source: www.gbpn.org
Scenarios for Thermal Energy demand based on analysis of 14 regions (GBPN, 2012)
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Action Plan DevelopmentGoal setting: by construction type
Source: www.gbpn.org
Thermal Energy Savings by Building Type in India by 2050
2005 2050
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Action Plan DevelopmentCapabilities & Multiple Benefits
Source: www.gbpn.org
Employment Well‐Being Awareness Knowledge Skills Motivation Digital Tools
Assessing the Social & Cultural Capital
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Action Plan DevelopmentImplementation Road Maps
Source: www.gbpn.org
NABERS NatH ERS ACThers EnerGuide CRESNET H ER
ne
Global Policy Priorities
NZEB Roadmaps: Eastern EU
Rating & Disclosure: USA
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Review Questions
What are your key barriers in implementing a ‘deep‐path’ policy action plan?
What would be the most effective incentives (carrots) in your jurisdiction?
What are your top priorities for capacity building? What are your targets for funding your policy action plans?
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Energy Efficiency Training Week
What are the steps?Set targets and develop policies
BuildingsSession 5
Buildings energy efficiency sessions done in partnership with:
© OECD/IEA 2015
Policies and TargetsIntegrated Policies: Systems and Components
Promote integrated policy packages to accelerate energy efficiency opportunities
Source: IEA Building Energy Technology Roadmap 2013
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Policies and TargetsMandatory Policies are Highly Effective
Minimum Energy Performance Standards (MEPS) Reduce energy consumption and product price
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ASEA
N
Brazil
China
Europe
anUnion
India
Mexico
Russia
SouthAfric
a
UnitedStates
Policy
Building codes with supporting infrastructure
Appliance and equipment standard
Deep renovation of existing buildings
Zero‐energy new buildings
Buildings Energy EfficiencyIEA’s Priority Policy Recommendations
Note: Recommendations limited to top two for policy options, all items could be relevant for most countries. Red indicates immediate priority, while gold indicates second priority.
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Source: IEA’s Energy Efficient Building Envelope Technology Roadmap
Buildings Energy EfficiencyIEA’s Policy Assessment for Construction
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Policy & Target AssessmentUse this criteria to conduct your own assessment:Policy level Governance Energy
pricesInfrastructure
and human capacity
Materials at commodity
pricesVoluntary
programmesMandatory
building codes
Low
No active government
agency promoting efficient
construction.
Subsidies in place or below market prices.
Limited test capability and knowledge of
buildings, unproven buildings
programme.
No local access to efficient
materials and high price premiums.
Limited to a few demo projects without lasting
impacts.
An agency is pursuing or has been granted authority to
pursue.
Medium
Shared responsibility
between construction and
energy departments.
Market-based prices without environment
impact.
Ability to test some products and university
expertise.
Some products are widely
available and cost-effective.
Educational materials and
advanced programmes introduced.
Mandatory building codes are in place but
lack infrastructure.
HighOne agency has responsibility and
is active with funding.
Tariffs in place to account for non-energy impacts.
Rating organisations,
policy and enforcement personnel, in
place.
Mature markets with many cost-
effective products available.
Energy savings calculators,
simulation tools and incentives in
place.
Building codes demonstrate
efficient construction.
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Policy Assessment
Activity Circle the cells that match the situation in your country
Share policy opportunities based on this assessment
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Buildings Energy EfficiencyIEA’s 2014 Global Policy Area Examples
Policy ActionArea
Near-term actions (through 2025)
Long-term actions (2025 to 2050)
Whole Building Enforceable building codes Net zero buildings in OECD Deep renovations @ 2%/year
Enforceable building codes Net zero buildings globally
Building Envelope
High performance envelopes R&D insulating windows R&D super thin insulation
Globally: 2-pane windows Cold climate: insulating windows Passivhaus standard
Heating & Cooling Equipment
Promote heat-pumps Gas condensing boilers R&D cold climate heat-pump
Prohibit electric resistance Require gas thermal and electric heat-
pumps
Water Heating Promote heat-pumps Instantaneous gas condensing R&D low-cost solar thermal
Require heat-pumps > 1.5 COP Require instantaneous condensing Promote low-cost solar thermal
Lighting Ban incandescent/halogen OECD R&D and promote solid state lighting
(LED) and innovation
Ban incandescent/halogen globally Performance standards for >100 lumens per
watt.Appliances & Cooling
Update appliance MEPS Promote efficient options
Performance metrics Financial policies
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Building Energy Efficiency TargetsExample: United States Building Codes
0.00
0.20
0.40
0.60
0.80
1.00
1.20
1975 1977 1979 1981 1983 1985 1987 1989 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015
Energ
y use (In
dexed
to 19
75)
Residential Commercial
2007 Target: resulted in 32%improvement. More energy savings than any period.
In 2007, US Congress directed US DOE to support efforts to reduce energy use in new buildings by at least 30% by 2010.
In October 2010, final voting confirmed code improvements that resulted in 32% energy savings.
Years without much improvement
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Setting TargetsGlobal energy efficiency potential
More than 80% of energy efficiency potential in buildings are currently unrealised in existing policies
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1. To achieve the 2 degree scenario, broad investment is needed.2. Compare current investments to estimated investment
requirements.
Setting TargetsLooking at future investment requirements by sector
5.3%2.8%83.4%8.4%
7.9%2.8%79.3%10.1%
27.8%3.0%46.2%23.1%
Source: IEA ETP 2015
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1. Energy efficiency in the buildings sector is currently projected by IEA 2 degree scenario to continue on the path of minimal investment and less impact than it could have.
Setting TargetsUsing projections by sector & technology to 2050
Source: IEA ETP 2015
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Europe Energy Performance of Buildings DirectiveMoving toward new and retrofitted nearly‐zero energy buildings by 2020 (2018 in the case of Public buildings)
Application of a cost‐optimal methodology for setting minimum requirements for both the envelope and the technical systems
Europe Energy Efficiency Directive The 2012 Energy Efficiency Directive establishes a set of binding measures to help the EU reach its 20% energy efficiency target by 2020.
Individual country level regulations and targets
Setting National EE Targets (Examples)
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1. Space cooling, lighting and appliances offer minimal savings globally today, but significant savings in 2050.
2. Space heating offers significant energy savings throughout the entire period to 2050.
Setting TargetsUsing projected buildings energy savings to 2050
Source: IEA ETP 2015
What would it take to achieve this in your country?
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1. Energy efficiency in space heating, water heating and cooking generate direct and indirect emission savings.
2. Electric‐based technologies generate significant indirect emissions savings.
Setting TargetsUsing projected CO2 reductions to 2050
Source: IEA ETP 2015
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Achieve global emission reductions to 2050 equivalent to IEA’s 2 degree scenario through government, industry and consumer investment.
Setting TargetsUsing projected CO2 reductions to 2050
Source: IEA ETP 2015
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Residential (88 EJ) Commercial (31 EJ)
Building SectorFinal energy consumption by fuel share, 2012
1. Direct fossil fuel use accounts for 36% of final energy consumption in the buildings sector.
2. Direct plus indirect fossil fuel accounts for 60% of final energy.
Source: IEA ETP 2015
Do you know the building energy use profile in your country?
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Building SectorHeating and cooling energy consumption and CO2, 2012
Heating and cooling in industry and buildings accounts for: almost 35% of total global primary energy use, more than 40% of global final energy consumption and almost 30% of global CO2 emissions
Source: IEA ETP 2015
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Discussion
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Trainers: Peter Graham, Brian Dean Purpose: To teach emerging professionals in the emerging
economies about how targets and policies can be used in tandem to meet energy and development goals.
Content: This course will discuss the options for and benefits of setting national and sectoral energy efficiency targets. This course will provide examples of how targets have been created to meet targets and how country goals can be met by setting targets and complimentary building energy efficiency policies.
Energy Efficiency Training Week (Buildings)5. What are the steps: Set targets and develop policies