week 9 © pearson education ltd 2009 this document may have been altered from the original describe...
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Week 9
© Pearson Education Ltd 2009This document may have been altered from the original
• Describe the acid and base hydrolysis of polyesters and polyamides.
• Outline the role of chemists in the development of degradable polymers.
• Explain that condensation polymers may be photodegradable and may be hydrolysed.
Week 9
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Acid and base hydrolysis of the polyester Terylene
Week 9
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Acid and base hydrolysis of the polyamide nylon-6,6
Week 9
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• Identify the functional groups in an aliphatic molecule containing several functional groups.
• Predict properties and reactions of aliphatic molecules containing several functional groups.
• Devise multi-stage synthetic routes for preparing aliphatic organic compounds.
Week 9
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Summary of the reactions of aliphatic functional groups
Week 9
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Synthesis of 3-aminopropan-1-ol from 3 chloropropanal
Week 9
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Converting the aldehyde group to an alcohol functional group
Week 9
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Conversion of the halogenoalkane to the amine
Week 9
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Some important aromatic reactions
Week 9
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Structures of benzene and 3-chloronitrobenzene
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Converting benzene into nitrobenzene
Week 9
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Chlorination of an aromatic ring
• Explain that the synthesis of pharmaceuticals often requires the production of a single optical isomer.
• Explain that synthetic molecules often contain a mixture of optical isomers, whereas natural molecules often have only one optical isomer.
• Explain that the synthesis of a pharmaceutical that is a single optical isomer increases costs, reduces side effects and improves pharmacological activity.
• Describe strategies for the synthesis of a pharmaceutical with a single optical isomer.
Chirality in Pharmaceutical Synthesis
Stereoisomers of thalidomide
Pharmacological activity depends on whether or not a drug can interact with a receptor site in a biological system.
Structure of ibuprofen, used in many medicines to relieve pain