Week 3: Journalism 2001Week 3: Journalism 2001September 24, 2007September 24, 2007

What’s wrong?What’s wrong?

1.1. Phantom’s, not PhantomsPhantom’s, not Phantoms

2.2. Catalog, not catologCatalog, not catolog

3.3. too high, not to hightoo high, not to high

4.4. All of the above!All of the above!

Review of last week’s newsReview of last week’s news

Let’s take a quiz!Let’s take a quiz!

Residents say lingering undercurrents of anger over Residents say lingering undercurrents of anger over the 1978 creation of the ____________ may be the 1978 creation of the ____________ may be partially to blame for the charges against five adults partially to blame for the charges against five adults and one juvenile for terrorizing campers and firing and one juvenile for terrorizing campers and firing multiple weapons into the night sky and calm multiple weapons into the night sky and calm waters in August.waters in August.

1.1. Voyageurs National Voyageurs National ParkPark

2.2. Boundary Waters Boundary Waters Canoe Area Canoe Area WildernessWilderness

3.3. Grand Casino Mille Grand Casino Mille LacsLacs

The strike by the University of Minnesota The strike by the University of Minnesota members of AFSCME ended last Friday, with members of AFSCME ended last Friday, with employees returning to their jobs this week.employees returning to their jobs this week.

1.1. TrueTrue

2.2. FalseFalse

Larry Mackey, 62, survived five nights in the Larry Mackey, 62, survived five nights in the woods near Remer without food or water woods near Remer without food or water after falling 20 feet from his ____________.after falling 20 feet from his ____________.

1.1. househouse

2.2. bear-hunting bear-hunting standstand

3.3. trucktruck

Finnish paper giant Sorsa Enso Oyj announced Finnish paper giant Sorsa Enso Oyj announced Friday that it plans to sell its North American Friday that it plans to sell its North American manufacturing operations, including its mill in manufacturing operations, including its mill in ____________, for about $2.1 billion to an Ohio-based ____________, for about $2.1 billion to an Ohio-based company.company.

1.1. Silver BaySilver Bay

2.2. DuluthDuluth

3.3. CloquetCloquet

UMD alumnus _____________ donated $10.7 UMD alumnus _____________ donated $10.7 million for the College of Science and million for the College of Science and Engineering, which will bear his name.Engineering, which will bear his name.

1.1. Ronald WeberRonald Weber

2.2. Joel LabovitzJoel Labovitz

3.3. James SwensonJames Swenson

After years of ups and downs, full-scale construction After years of ups and downs, full-scale construction of the $235 million Mesabi Nugget Delaware LLC of the $235 million Mesabi Nugget Delaware LLC ______________ will begin this fall at the former LTV ______________ will begin this fall at the former LTV Steel Mining Co. site near Aurora and Hoyt Lakes.Steel Mining Co. site near Aurora and Hoyt Lakes.

1.1. coal plantcoal plant

2.2. iron nugget iron nugget plantplant

3.3. taconite planttaconite plant

State officials selected Flatiron Construction Inc. State officials selected Flatiron Construction Inc. and Manson Construction Co. last week as the joint and Manson Construction Co. last week as the joint winner of a lucrative contract to rebuild the winner of a lucrative contract to rebuild the ___________.___________.

Met

rodo

me

Min

neapolis

-St.

Paul..

.

I-35

W b

ridge

33% 33%33%1.1. MetrodomeMetrodome

2.2. Minneapolis-St. Minneapolis-St. Paul AirportPaul Airport

3.3. I-35W bridgeI-35W bridge

The Minnesota Vikings beat the The Minnesota Vikings beat the Kansas City Chiefs on Sunday.Kansas City Chiefs on Sunday.

True

False

50%50%1.1. TrueTrue

2.2. FalseFalse

The Green Bay Packers beat The Green Bay Packers beat the San Diego Chargers on the San Diego Chargers on

Sunday.Sunday.

True

False

50%50%1.1. TrueTrue

2.2. FalseFalse

The UMD Bulldogs football team The UMD Bulldogs football team beat Central Washington on beat Central Washington on Saturday.Saturday.

True

False

50%50%1.1. TrueTrue

2.2. FalseFalse

DNT AnalysisDNT Analysis

Excellent job!Excellent job! You’re now reading the newspaper You’re now reading the newspaper

with a more critical eyewith a more critical eye Better understanding of what goes Better understanding of what goes

into the newspaper; why editors into the newspaper; why editors make story selectionsmake story selections

What surprised you while doing What surprised you while doing assignment?assignment?

Different editions of Star-Different editions of Star-TribuneTribune

Early SundayEarly Sunday State editionState edition Metro editionMetro edition

Grammar exerciseGrammar exercise

Dr. Grammar tips:Dr. Grammar tips:– http://http://www.drgrammar.orgwww.drgrammar.org//

Review: Summary lead Review: Summary lead assignmentassignment

Overall great start!Overall great start! Best to use one-sentence summary leadBest to use one-sentence summary lead Use datelineUse dateline Write in past tense, active voiceWrite in past tense, active voice Watch state abbreviations: Fla FL FLAWatch state abbreviations: Fla FL FLA Watch wordinessWatch wordiness

– has resulted in the man’s deathhas resulted in the man’s death– stunned a man to deathstunned a man to death– leads to the suspect being shotleads to the suspect being shot– M-26 Taser stun gunM-26 Taser stun gun

Here’s the summary lead from the Associated Here’s the summary lead from the Associated Press:Press:

HOLLYWOOD, Fla. – A man behaving strangely in HOLLYWOOD, Fla. – A man behaving strangely in front of a hotel died after police shot him with a front of a hotel died after police shot him with a stun gun, then wrestled him to the ground and stun gun, then wrestled him to the ground and handcuffed him because he had not been subdued.handcuffed him because he had not been subdued.

Many of your leads are just as strong!Many of your leads are just as strong!

A suspected drug user died Sunday after police A suspected drug user died Sunday after police officers shot him with a taser gun in front of a hotel officers shot him with a taser gun in front of a hotel for his strange behavior and eventually resisting for his strange behavior and eventually resisting arrest.arrest.

A man who behaved strangely in front of a hotel A man who behaved strangely in front of a hotel Sunday and refused to cooperate with police died Sunday and refused to cooperate with police died after an officer shot him in the chest with a stun after an officer shot him in the chest with a stun gun.gun.

A man died Sunday when officers tried to subdue him using A man died Sunday when officers tried to subdue him using a stun gun for acting strangely in front of a hotel.a stun gun for acting strangely in front of a hotel.

A man acting strangely in front of a hotel Sunday died after A man acting strangely in front of a hotel Sunday died after a police officer used a stun gun in an effort to subdue him.a police officer used a stun gun in an effort to subdue him.

Brevity good, but can be misleading:Brevity good, but can be misleading:

Local police unintentionally killed a man outside a hotel on Local police unintentionally killed a man outside a hotel on Sunday after shooting him with a stun gun.Sunday after shooting him with a stun gun.

In an attempt to subdue a suspected drug offender, police In an attempt to subdue a suspected drug offender, police opened fire with a 50,000 volt probe, accidentally killing the opened fire with a 50,000 volt probe, accidentally killing the man.man.

A man died Sunday in front a hotel after an officer fired a A man died Sunday in front a hotel after an officer fired a Taser stun gun at him because he was behaving strangely.Taser stun gun at him because he was behaving strangely.

Police shot and accidentally killed a disobedient man they Police shot and accidentally killed a disobedient man they believed was on drugs outside a hotel with a stun gun believed was on drugs outside a hotel with a stun gun Sunday.Sunday.

Review: Writing a summary Review: Writing a summary leadlead

Usually a single sentenceUsually a single sentence No more than 35 wordsNo more than 35 words Bottom line:Bottom line:

– Use a single sentence of no more than Use a single sentence of no more than 35 words to summarize an event35 words to summarize an event

Use active voice!Use active voice!

Avoid “to be”Avoid “to be” a man was killed….a man was killed…. a man was shot by police….a man was shot by police…. was behaving strangelywas behaving strangely

Check egradebookCheck egradebook

Assignments listed at egradebook:Assignments listed at egradebook:– http://www.d.umn.edu/egradebookhttp://www.d.umn.edu/egradebook

If assignments missing that you If assignments missing that you turned in, let me know ASAPturned in, let me know ASAP

Assignment due todayAssignment due today Summary lead exercisesSummary lead exercises

– Steps to help you:Steps to help you: Identify the five Ws and HIdentify the five Ws and H

– Who?Who?– What?What?– When?When?– Where?Where?– Why?Why?– How?How?

– Determine what’s the most important to includeDetermine what’s the most important to include– Reminder: Summary lead contains no more than 35 Reminder: Summary lead contains no more than 35

wordswords– Email assignment, written in Microsoft Word, saved as a Email assignment, written in Microsoft Word, saved as a

Rich Text Format (RTF) file and sent as an attachment to Rich Text Format (RTF) file and sent as an attachment to lkragnes@d.umn.edulkragnes@d.umn.edu

In-class assignment for In-class assignment for tonight tonight

To help you develop interviewing skills, during To help you develop interviewing skills, during tonight’s class you will be interviewing Lucy tonight’s class you will be interviewing Lucy Kragness. She will review her background, and Kragness. She will review her background, and you will ask her questions.you will ask her questions.– Assume story assignment for the StatesmanAssume story assignment for the Statesman– To prepare, review website, write out questions in To prepare, review website, write out questions in

advance.advance. http://www.d.umn.edu/~lkragneshttp://www.d.umn.edu/~lkragnes

– Start story in class, email final five paragraph story, Start story in class, email final five paragraph story, written in Microsoft Word, saved as a Rich Text Format written in Microsoft Word, saved as a Rich Text Format (RTF) file and sent as an attachment by Wednesday (RTF) file and sent as an attachment by Wednesday (September 26) to: (September 26) to: lkragnes@d.umn.edulkragnes@d.umn.edu

– Story will not be graded; all receive 5 pointsStory will not be graded; all receive 5 points Watch style errors!Watch style errors!

Assignment for 10/1Assignment for 10/1 More summary lead exercises!More summary lead exercises!

– Steps to help you:– Identify the five W’s and H

Who? What? When? Where? Why? How?

– Determine which is the most important to include.– A summary lead should contain no more than 35 words.– One sentence strongest summary lead.

Email assignment, written in Microsoft Word, Email assignment, written in Microsoft Word, saved as a Rich Text Format (RTF) file and sent as saved as a Rich Text Format (RTF) file and sent as an attachment to an attachment to lkragnes@d.umn.edulkragnes@d.umn.edu

Story Pitches for Hard News 1 Story Pitches for Hard News 1 and 2 Assignments: Due 10/3and 2 Assignments: Due 10/3

Length of story pitches: no more Length of story pitches: no more than three paragraphs, about 200 than three paragraphs, about 200 wordswords

Include the 5 Ws and H: what makes Include the 5 Ws and H: what makes this story newsworthythis story newsworthy

Deadlines for complete articles:Deadlines for complete articles:– Hard News 1: October 15Hard News 1: October 15– Hard News 2: October 26Hard News 2: October 26

Hard News 1:Hard News 1:Where to find meetingsWhere to find meetings

City of Duluth meetings:City of Duluth meetings:– http://http://

www.ci.duluth.mn.us/city/meeting/index.www.ci.duluth.mn.us/city/meeting/index.htmhtm

St. Louis County BoardSt. Louis County Board Superior City CouncilSuperior City Council Duluth School BoardDuluth School Board Other public meetingsOther public meetings

Hard News 2:Hard News 2:Mayoral coverage projectMayoral coverage project

Work in groups of no more than threeWork in groups of no more than three– Come up with own groups by next weekCome up with own groups by next week– OR, would you like me to assign groups?OR, would you like me to assign groups?

Let’s brainstorm ideas of places Let’s brainstorm ideas of places where people gather in the where people gather in the communitycommunity– Senior Citizen CenterSenior Citizen Center

Story pitch for Sports Story Story pitch for Sports Story Reporting Assignment: 10/3Reporting Assignment: 10/3

Length of story pitch: no more than Length of story pitch: no more than three paragraphs, about 200 wordsthree paragraphs, about 200 words

Include the 5 Ws and H: what makes Include the 5 Ws and H: what makes this story newsworthythis story newsworthy

Deadline for complete article: Deadline for complete article:

Chapter 6: Developing a news Chapter 6: Developing a news storystory

Which stories are worth developing?Which stories are worth developing?– Major local news: Weather, fire, Major local news: Weather, fire,

derailment, court trialderailment, court trial Other factors influencing coverageOther factors influencing coverage

– Prejudices of reporters, editorsPrejudices of reporters, editors– Size of marketSize of market– Searching for a scoopSearching for a scoop– What the competition is doingWhat the competition is doing– What other stories are developingWhat other stories are developing

Phase 1: The story breaksPhase 1: The story breaks

What, when, where, to whomWhat, when, where, to whom MainbarsMainbars

– Reporting the breaking newsReporting the breaking news SidebarsSidebars

– Extra stories that explain news, human Extra stories that explain news, human interestinterest

Examples of stories with followupsExamples of stories with followups– Beekeeper storyBeekeeper story

Phase 2: Second-day storiesPhase 2: Second-day stories

Why, howWhy, how Any late-breaking developmentsAny late-breaking developments

– Clean-up, additional fatalitiesClean-up, additional fatalities Put story into perspectivePut story into perspective

Phase 3: Advancing the Phase 3: Advancing the storystory

Color: Observation, narrative, Color: Observation, narrative, anecdotes that provide a clear anecdotes that provide a clear picture of a person or eventpicture of a person or event

BackgroundBackground– Need to keep the news high in the storyNeed to keep the news high in the story

New informationNew information

Phase 4: Follow-up Phase 4: Follow-up developmentsdevelopments

Reporters make routine checksReporters make routine checks New developmentsNew developments

– Release of a reportRelease of a report Air crash, investigationsAir crash, investigations

Checklist for developing Checklist for developing storiesstories

Report latest news firstReport latest news first Put original breaking news high in follow-upsPut original breaking news high in follow-ups Go to the scene; talk to as many people as Go to the scene; talk to as many people as

possiblepossible Always strive to put a face on the tragedyAlways strive to put a face on the tragedy Advance each follow-up; new developmentsAdvance each follow-up; new developments Look for new sources; consider all anglesLook for new sources; consider all angles Get colorGet color Cooperate with other reportersCooperate with other reporters

Chapter 7: Quotations, Chapter 7: Quotations, attributionsattributions

Why use quotes?Why use quotes?– Bring a story to lifeBring a story to life– Generate emotionGenerate emotion– Provide vivid descriptionProvide vivid description– Bring a dull story to lifeBring a dull story to life

Types of quotationsTypes of quotations

Complete direct quotationsComplete direct quotations– ““John Doe said that he did it,” she said.John Doe said that he did it,” she said.

Partial quotationsPartial quotations– John Doe “said that he did it,” she saidJohn Doe “said that he did it,” she said

Paraphrased quotationsParaphrased quotations– John Doe said that he did it, she said.John Doe said that he did it, she said.

Direct quotationsDirect quotations

Exact quote: quotation marks around Exact quote: quotation marks around sentencesentence

Most editors allow reporters to clean Most editors allow reporters to clean up grammar or to take out up grammar or to take out profanitiesprofanities

Make sure quotes are right!Make sure quotes are right! Beware of leading questions; use Beware of leading questions; use

paraphraseparaphrase

Most important ruleMost important rule

Never make up quotations or Never make up quotations or paraphrasesparaphrases– Shattered Glass: Stephen Glass StoryShattered Glass: Stephen Glass Story

CBS 60 Minutes storyCBS 60 Minutes story Stephen Glass indexStephen Glass index

Why use direct quotes?Why use direct quotes?

Specific, vivid statementsSpecific, vivid statements Descriptive statementsDescriptive statements Inner feelingsInner feelings Capture personalityCapture personality Supplement statements of factSupplement statements of fact Reduce attributionsReduce attributions

Which one is right?Which one is right?

Text quotes AP Stylebook:Text quotes AP Stylebook:– ““Quotations normally should be corrected to avoid Quotations normally should be corrected to avoid

the errors in grammar and word usage that often the errors in grammar and word usage that often occur unnoticed when someone is speaking but are occur unnoticed when someone is speaking but are embarrassing in print.”embarrassing in print.”

2006 AP Stylebook:2006 AP Stylebook:– ““Never alter quotations even to correct minor Never alter quotations even to correct minor

grammatical errors or word usage. Casual minor grammatical errors or word usage. Casual minor tongue slips may be removed by using ellipses but tongue slips may be removed by using ellipses but even that should be done with extreme caution. If even that should be done with extreme caution. If there is a question about a quote, either don’t use there is a question about a quote, either don’t use it or ask the speaker to clarify.”it or ask the speaker to clarify.”

Partial QuotationsPartial Quotations

Using part of a direct quote, often for Using part of a direct quote, often for emphasisemphasis

Can be confusingCan be confusing Be careful: Could draw attention to a Be careful: Could draw attention to a

point, jeopardizing objectivitypoint, jeopardizing objectivity– She told police it was an “accident” She told police it was an “accident”

when she hit the tree.when she hit the tree.

Paraphrased quotationsParaphrased quotations

Indirect quotesIndirect quotes Used when direct quote dull, Used when direct quote dull,

uninformativeuninformative Must attribute paraphrases to news Must attribute paraphrases to news

sourcesource When in doubt, paraphraseWhen in doubt, paraphrase

Pitfalls to avoid in quotingPitfalls to avoid in quoting Inaccuracies from sourceInaccuracies from source Rambling on and onRambling on and on Hard-to-understand quotationsHard-to-understand quotations Reconstructed quotationsReconstructed quotations Fragmentary quotationsFragmentary quotations Ungrammatical: If it doesn’t make sense, don’t Ungrammatical: If it doesn’t make sense, don’t

use ituse it Use good tasteUse good taste Watch out for offensive languageWatch out for offensive language Be certain when using dialect:Be certain when using dialect:

– North Country, FargoNorth Country, Fargo

Use objective verbs of Use objective verbs of attributionattribution

Straight news storiesStraight news stories– Use neutral verbs: said, addedUse neutral verbs: said, added

““Said” isn’t boring – readers expect itSaid” isn’t boring – readers expect it No need to be creativeNo need to be creative

– AvoidAvoid asserted, bellowed, contended, asserted, bellowed, contended, cried, declared, demanded, emphasized, cried, declared, demanded, emphasized, harangued, hinted, maintained, opined, harangued, hinted, maintained, opined, stammered, stated, stressedstammered, stated, stressed

Identification in attributionsIdentification in attributions

Usually identify source by title, nameUsually identify source by title, name Follow guidelines in AP StylebookFollow guidelines in AP Stylebook Title often used to streamline leadTitle often used to streamline lead Be cautious with “hearsay Be cautious with “hearsay

attribution”attribution”– Using a quote from a police reportUsing a quote from a police report

Placement of attributionsPlacement of attributions

Usually follows the quotationUsually follows the quotation Normally follows first sentence in Normally follows first sentence in

multiple sentence quotemultiple sentence quote When sources change, new When sources change, new

attribution neededattribution needed Use attribution once in a quotationUse attribution once in a quotation Use attribution between complete, Use attribution between complete,

partial quotespartial quotes

Anonymous sourcesAnonymous sources

On the record: Everything can be usedOn the record: Everything can be used Off the record: Nothing can be usedOff the record: Nothing can be used On background: Material can be used, On background: Material can be used,

no attribution by nameno attribution by name On deep background: Can be used, with On deep background: Can be used, with

no attribution; can get confirmationno attribution; can get confirmation– All the President’s Men: Woodward & All the President’s Men: Woodward &

BernsteinBernstein

Where the quote marks goWhere the quote marks go

Useful checklist: Pages 110-112 of textUseful checklist: Pages 110-112 of text1.1. Jones said, “We will be there tomorrow.”Jones said, “We will be there tomorrow.”

2.2. Jones said that he would be there WednesdayJones said that he would be there Wednesday..

3.3. He will be there Wednesday, Jones saidHe will be there Wednesday, Jones said..

4.4. ““All our transcontinental flights are full,” she said.All our transcontinental flights are full,” she said.

5.5. Coach Jones said that it was his “dumbest mistake”: Coach Jones said that it was his “dumbest mistake”: deciding to start an untested freshman at deciding to start an untested freshman at quarterback.quarterback.

6.6. Coach Jones asked his team, “Can we win this game?”Coach Jones asked his team, “Can we win this game?”

7.7. ““Johnson’s plea to ‘win this game for the community’ Johnson’s plea to ‘win this game for the community’ really fired us up,” Smith saidreally fired us up,” Smith said..

8.8. ““We’re so enthusiastic about this project that We’re so enthusiastic about this project that we can’t stop thinking about it,” Jones saidwe can’t stop thinking about it,” Jones said..

9.9. “ “We’re so enthusiastic about this project that We’re so enthusiastic about this project that we can’t stop thinking about it,” Jones said. “We we can’t stop thinking about it,” Jones said. “We look forward to getting council approval.look forward to getting council approval.

““We hope that will come at the next We hope that will come at the next meeting.”meeting.”

10.10. Get in there now,” the coach said, “before I Get in there now,” the coach said, “before I make you run extra laps.”make you run extra laps.”

11.11. ““I think it is wise to lengthen the school year,” I think it is wise to lengthen the school year,” Smith said.Smith said.

It would be ludicrous to do so,” Johnson said.It would be ludicrous to do so,” Johnson said.

Chapter 10: InterviewingChapter 10: Interviewing

Three main stages:Three main stages:– ResearchResearch– Setting up the Setting up the

interviewinterview– Questions and Questions and

answersanswers

ResearchResearch

Morgues : Newspaper librariesMorgues : Newspaper libraries– ““Dead stories” kept until needed for Dead stories” kept until needed for

backgroundbackground– Electronic archivesElectronic archives

InternetInternet– http://www2.assignmenteditor.comhttp://www2.assignmenteditor.com

Bound volumes of the paperBound volumes of the paper Files, earlier storiesFiles, earlier stories University, public librariesUniversity, public libraries

Setting up the interviewSetting up the interview

Make an appointmentMake an appointment– Call or email your source, time permittingCall or email your source, time permitting

Identify yourself as reporter, name Identify yourself as reporter, name publicationpublication

Set length of interview in advanceSet length of interview in advance– Half hour, hour, over lunchHalf hour, hour, over lunch

Make interview convenient for sourceMake interview convenient for source Describe the storyDescribe the story Dress the partDress the part Be on time!Be on time!

Structuring the interviewStructuring the interview

Funnel interview: Most commonFunnel interview: Most common– Begin with general background questionsBegin with general background questions– Open-ended questionsOpen-ended questions– End with closed-ended or adversarial End with closed-ended or adversarial

questionsquestions Inverted-funnel interviewInverted-funnel interview

– Key questions asked immediatelyKey questions asked immediately– Breaking news, sources used to interviewsBreaking news, sources used to interviews

Asking questionsAsking questions

Do your homework!Do your homework! Write out your questionsWrite out your questions

– Use reporter’s notebook, refer Use reporter’s notebook, refer back to themback to them

– Let the conversation flow – Let the conversation flow – other questions often other questions often answeredanswered

– Make eye contactMake eye contact– Example: Senator interviewExample: Senator interview

Closed-ended questionsClosed-ended questions– Asked to get precise answerAsked to get precise answer– Useful when already know the answer, need Useful when already know the answer, need

confirmationconfirmation– Used when source is comfortableUsed when source is comfortable– Don’t be hostile!Don’t be hostile!

Open-ended questionsOpen-ended questions– Useful when have more timeUseful when have more time– Often learn unexpected informationOften learn unexpected information– Gets source’s opinions, feelingsGets source’s opinions, feelings– Anything else to add? Anything I’m forgetting?Anything else to add? Anything I’m forgetting?

Personal questionsPersonal questions– Tough to ask personal questions after a Tough to ask personal questions after a

tragedytragedy– Be compassionate, sympatheticBe compassionate, sympathetic– Do homework, try to interview in personDo homework, try to interview in person– Break ice with general questionsBreak ice with general questions– Soften the question:Soften the question:

I know you’re busy; sorry to bother youI know you’re busy; sorry to bother you

– Examples:Examples: Sunshine hits the acceleratorSunshine hits the accelerator Flash flood in BuffaloFlash flood in Buffalo

Frame questions to fit the story’s Frame questions to fit the story’s purposepurpose– Every story needs theme, purposeEvery story needs theme, purpose– Focus on the purpose when asking Focus on the purpose when asking

questionsquestions– Refer back to questionsRefer back to questions

Establish rapportEstablish rapport– Tell sources who you are, what you are Tell sources who you are, what you are

doingdoing– Listen, don’t argueListen, don’t argue– Thank sources for their timeThank sources for their time– Set timeframe for the interviewSet timeframe for the interview

What to do with hostile What to do with hostile sourcessources

You’re not a lawyer: avoid hostile You’re not a lawyer: avoid hostile questionsquestions

Save tough questions for end of interviewSave tough questions for end of interview Be sympathetic, understandingBe sympathetic, understanding Reason with the sourceReason with the source Try to understand source’s positionTry to understand source’s position Repeat damaging things that have been Repeat damaging things that have been

said about a sourcesaid about a source Keep asking questionsKeep asking questions

Making, using observationsMaking, using observations

What’s unusual – or common?What’s unusual – or common?– Observe surroundingsObserve surroundings– Demeanor of sourceDemeanor of source– Personal featuresPersonal features

Examples:Examples:– Successful business leader interviewSuccessful business leader interview– Train, doll collectorsTrain, doll collectors

Write fast!Write fast!

Take a lot of notesTake a lot of notes– Listen, don’t try to get down all the Listen, don’t try to get down all the

quotesquotes– Never can have too many notes!Never can have too many notes!– Take notes even if using tape recorderTake notes even if using tape recorder

Battery or tape failure, operator errorBattery or tape failure, operator error

– Using a tape recorderUsing a tape recorder Ask permissionAsk permission Can be time consumingCan be time consuming

Telephone interviewTelephone interview– Type your notesType your notes– Identify yourselfIdentify yourself– Ask permission to tape recordAsk permission to tape record

Email interviewEmail interview– Tough to ask follow-up questionsTough to ask follow-up questions– Identify yourselfIdentify yourself– Spell out deadlineSpell out deadline– Ask for follow-up callAsk for follow-up call– Impersonal; not always the easiestImpersonal; not always the easiest

After the interviewAfter the interview

Thank sourceThank source Ask for best way to reach the source Ask for best way to reach the source

– phone or email – it have additional – phone or email – it have additional questionsquestions

Never agree to show the source a Never agree to show the source a story once it’s writtenstory once it’s written

In-class assignment for In-class assignment for tonight tonight

To help you develop interviewing skills, during To help you develop interviewing skills, during tonight’s class you will be interviewing Lucy tonight’s class you will be interviewing Lucy Kragness. She will review her background, and Kragness. She will review her background, and you will ask her questions.you will ask her questions.– Assume story assignment for the StatesmanAssume story assignment for the Statesman– To prepare, review website, write out questions in To prepare, review website, write out questions in

advance.advance. http://www.d.umn.edu/~lkragneshttp://www.d.umn.edu/~lkragnes

– Start story in class, email final five paragraph story, Start story in class, email final five paragraph story, written in Microsoft Word, saved as a Rich Text Format written in Microsoft Word, saved as a Rich Text Format (RTF) file and sent as an attachment by Wednesday (RTF) file and sent as an attachment by Wednesday (September 26) to: (September 26) to: lkragnes@d.umn.edulkragnes@d.umn.edu

– Story will not be graded; all receive 5 pointsStory will not be graded; all receive 5 points Watch style errors!Watch style errors!

IntroductionsIntroductions Instructor: Lucy KragnessInstructor: Lucy Kragness

– University of Minnesota Duluth ExperienceUniversity of Minnesota Duluth Experience 3/96 to present: Executive Assistant to the Chancellor3/96 to present: Executive Assistant to the Chancellor 1/05 to present: Jour 2001 instructor1/05 to present: Jour 2001 instructor 10/90 to 3/96: Alumni Director, University Relations10/90 to 3/96: Alumni Director, University Relations 8/90 to 10/90: Acting Director, Alumni and Media Relations8/90 to 10/90: Acting Director, Alumni and Media Relations 11/84 to 10/90: Publications Director, Alumni and Media 11/84 to 10/90: Publications Director, Alumni and Media

RelationsRelations 3/89 to 5/94: Taught Publications Editing, a three-credit 3/89 to 5/94: Taught Publications Editing, a three-credit

spring quarter journalism coursespring quarter journalism course 6/85 to 6/90: Volunteer editorial adviser, Statesman student 6/85 to 6/90: Volunteer editorial adviser, Statesman student

newspapernewspaper– Freelance Experience:Freelance Experience:

7/86 to present: Freelance writer, photographer for several 7/86 to present: Freelance writer, photographer for several regional and national publicationsregional and national publications

– Newspaper Experience:Newspaper Experience: 9/83 to 9/84: One-person bureau in Sheridan, Wyo., for 9/83 to 9/84: One-person bureau in Sheridan, Wyo., for

the Billings Gazette in Billings, Mont.the Billings Gazette in Billings, Mont. 3/81 to 9/83: Assistant state editor at the Billings 3/81 to 9/83: Assistant state editor at the Billings

Gazette in Billings, Mont.Gazette in Billings, Mont. 3/80 to 3/81: Managing editor of the Williston Daily 3/80 to 3/81: Managing editor of the Williston Daily

Herald, Plains Reporter (weekly) and the Williston Basin Herald, Plains Reporter (weekly) and the Williston Basin Reporter (bi-weekly), all in Williston, N.D.Reporter (bi-weekly), all in Williston, N.D.

11/79 to 3/80: Assistant managing editor/Sunday editor 11/79 to 3/80: Assistant managing editor/Sunday editor at the Williston Daily Heraldat the Williston Daily Herald

6/79 to 11/79: Reporter, business editor at the Williston 6/79 to 11/79: Reporter, business editor at the Williston Daily HeraldDaily Herald

11/78 to 6/79: Assistant editor at the Northeaster 11/78 to 6/79: Assistant editor at the Northeaster newspaper in Minneapolis.newspaper in Minneapolis.

– Education:Education: Master of Education in Educational Computing and Master of Education in Educational Computing and

Technology, University of Minnesota Duluth, 2001. Technology, University of Minnesota Duluth, 2001. Bachelor of Arts in Journalism, School of Journalism and Bachelor of Arts in Journalism, School of Journalism and

Mass Communication, University of Minnesota Mass Communication, University of Minnesota Minneapolis, 1979.Minneapolis, 1979.

PortfolioPortfolio

Store academic information on your Store academic information on your Electronic Portfolio. Each student has Electronic Portfolio. Each student has 100 mb of storage.100 mb of storage.

Access Electronic Portfolio at: Access Electronic Portfolio at: https://https://portfolio.umn.edu/portfolio/index.jspportfolio.umn.edu/portfolio/index.jsp