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Choice Based Credit System (CBCS)

SCHEME OF STUDIES & EXAMINATIONS

M.Sc. in Physics (Four-Semester Course)(Effective from Session 2018-2019)

DEPARTMENT OF PHYSICS

DEENBANDHU CHHOTU RAM UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE &TECHNOLOGY

MURTHAL (SONEPAT) HARYANA – 131039

1

DEENBANDHU CHHOTU RAM UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY MURTHAL (SONEPAT) HARYANA-131039

DEPARTMENT OF PHYSICSM.Sc. in Physics (Four –Semester Course)

(Effective from Session 2018-2019)Semester-I

Course opted

Paper No. Paper Title Teaching Scheme

Examination SchemeDuration of Exam (Hours)

Credit

L P Sessional Marks

External Marks

Total

Core Paper

PHY 501 C Mathematical Physics

4 0 25 75 100 3 4

Core Paper

PHY 503 C Classical Mechanics

4 0 25 75 100 3 4

Core Paper

PHY 505 C Computational Physics

4 0 25 75 100 3 4

Core Paper

PHY 507 C Electronics-I 4 0 25 75 100 3 4

Core Lab

PHY 509 C Physics Lab-I (General)

0 8 25 75 100 3 4

Ability Enhance

ment

PHY 511 C Computational Physics &

Programming Lab

0 4 25 75 100 3 2

Ability Enhance

ment

PHY 513C Seminar-I* 2 25 - 25 - 1

Total 16 14 23

*The assessment of Seminar-I will be done during the semester on the basis of presentation given by the student in front of department seminar committees notified by the Chairperson time to time.

Approved in the 13th meeting of Academic council held on 18.06.18.



(Effective from Session 2018-2019)Semester-II

Course opted Paper No. Paper Title Teaching Scheme

Examination Scheme Duration of Exam (Hours)

Credit

L P Sessional Marks

External Marks

Total

Core Paper PHY 502 C Solid State Physics

4 0 25 75 100 3 4

Core Paper PHY 504 C Electronics-II 4 0 25 75 100 3 4

Core Paper PHY 506 C Quantum Mechanics-I

4 0 25 75 100 3 4

Core Paper PHY 508 C Nuclear & Particle Physics

4 0 25 75 100 3 4

Core Lab

PHY 510 C Physics Lab-II (General)

0 8 25 75 100 3 4

Ability Enhancement

PHY 512 C Computational Physics &

Simulation Lab

0 4 25 75 100 3 2

Ability Enhancement

PHY 514C Seminar-II* 2 25 - 25 - 1

Total 16 14 23

* The assessment of Seminar-II will be done during the semester on the basis of presentation given by the student in front of Department Seminar Committees notified by Chairperson time to time.




(Effective from Session 2019-2020)Semester-III

Course Opted


Examination SchemeDuratio

n of Exam

(Hours)

Credit

L P Sessional Marks

External Marks

Total

Core Paper PHY 601 C Electrodynamics & Plasma Physics

4 0 25 75 100 3 4

Core Paper PHY 603 C Quantum Mechanics-II

4 0 25 75 100 3 4

Any one of the following options

OPTION-1 (Condensed Matter Physics)Special Paper-I

PHY 605 C Condensed Matter Physics Spl–I (Crystallography and imperfections in crystals)

4 0 25 75 100 3 4

Special Paper-II

PHY 607 C Condensed Matter Physics Spl-II(Characterization of materials)

4 0 25 75 100 3 4

OPTION-2 (Electronics)Special Paper-I

PHY 609 C Electronics Spl-I(Analog Communication)

4 0 25 75 100 3 4

Special Paper-II

PHY 611 C Electronics Spl-II (Digital Communication)

4 0 25 75 100 3 4

OPTION-3 (Nuclear Physics)Special Paper-I

PHY 613 C Nuclear Physics Spl-I (Nuclear Reactions)

4 0 25 75 100 3 4

Special Paper-II

PHY 615 C Nuclear Physics Spl-II (Nuclear Detectors)

4 0 25 75 100 3 4

OPTION-4 (Spectroscopy)Special Paper-I

PHY 617 C Spectroscopy Spl-I(Laser Physics & Quantum Optics)

4 0 25 75 100 3 4

Special Paper-II

PHY 619 C Spectroscopy Spl-II(Integrated optics)

4 0 25 75 100 3 4

Any one of the following practical paper corresponding to the theory paper will be assigned.

LAB FOR OPTION-1 (Condensed Matter Physics)Special

Paper Lab-I

PHY 621 C Condensed Matter Physics Lab-I

0 14 50 100 150 4 7

Ability Enhancem

ent

PHY 629 C Seminar-III$ 0 2 25 - 25 1

LAB FOR OPTION-2 (Electronics)


Special Paper Lab-

I

PHY 623C Electronics Lab-I

0 14 50 100 150 4 7

Ability Enhancem

ent

PHY 629 C Seminar-III$ 0 2 25 - 25 1

LAB FOR OPTION-3 (Nuclear Physics)

Special Paper Lab-

I

PHY 625C Nuclear Physics Lab-I

0 14 50 100 150 4 7

Ability Enhancem

ent

PHY 629 C Seminar-III$ 0 2 25 - 25 1

LAB FOR OPTION-4 (Spectroscopy)

Special Paper Lab-

I

PHY 627 C Spectroscopy Lab-I

0 14 50 100 150 4 7

Ability Enhancem

ent

PHY 629 C Seminar-III$ 0 2 25 - 25 1

Open Elective

** ** ** 3 0 25 75 100 3 3

Total 16+3**

16 24+3**

Note: The students may opt anyone specialized course which will be continued in IV Semester as well. $ The assessment of Seminar-III will be done during the semester on the basis of presentation given by the student in front of Department Seminar Committees, notified by Chairperson time to time.**The student may opt any one paper from the list of open elective/interdisciplinary papers floated by Mathematics, Chemistry and MSN departments.


1. List for Open Elective –I offered by Physics Department (for other PG Departments of the University).

Paper No. Paper Title

PHY 631 C Science of Renewable energy Resources

PHY 633 C Basic Instrumentation Skill

PHY 635 C Radiation Physics

The Open Elective- I paper will be offered, subject to the availability of the expert teacher and / or the minimum students strength of ten candidates and resources in the department.

2. M.Sc. Physics Students have to opt any one Open Elective paper from the list given below:

Sr. No Paper No. Paper Title Name of Department

1 MAT 627C Applied Algebra and Analysis Mathematics2 MAT 629C Linear Programming Mathematics3 MAT 631C Descriptive Statistics Mathematics4 CH651C Nuclear Chemistry Chemistry5 CH653C Chromatographic & Spectroscopic

TechniquesChemistry

6 CH655C Photochemistry and Industrials Catalysis

Chemistry

7 MSN503C Metals, Ceramics and Composites MSN8 MSN517C Computational Physics MSN9 MSN521C Nanosensors and Nanodevices MSN10 Open elective paper offered by any other PG Departments of the University




(Effective from Session 2019-2020)Semester-IV

Course Opted


Examination SchemeDuration of Exam(Hours)

Credit

L P Sessional Marks

External Marks

Total

Core Paper PHY 602 C Statistical Mechanics 4 0 25 75 100 3 4

Core Paper PHY 604 C Atomic & Molecular Physics

4 0 25 75 100 3 4

Any one of the following options OPTION-1 (Condensed Matter Physics)

Special Paper-III

PHY 606 C Condensed Matter Physics Spl –III

(Renewable Energy Sources)

4 0 25 75 100 3 4

Special Paper-IV

PHY 608 C Condensed Matter Physics Spl-IV

(Physics & Technology of Nano Materials)

4 0 25 75 100 3 4

OPTION-2 (Electronics)Special Paper-III

PHY 610 C Electronics Spl-III(Novel and Smart Materials)

4 0 25 75 100 3 4

Special Paper-IV

PHY 612 C Electronics Spl-IV (Microprocessor & Interfacing)

4 0 25 75 100 3 4

OPTION-3 (Nuclear Physics)Special Paper-III

PHY 614 C Nuclear Physics Spl-III (Nuclear Models)

4 0 25 75 100 3 4

Special Paper-IV

PHY 616 C Nuclear Physics Spl-IV (Nuclear Instrumentation and Applications)

4 0 25 75 100 3 4

OPTION-4 (Spectroscopy)Special Paper-III

PHY 618 C Spectroscopy Spl-III (Fibre Optics and communication)

4 0 25 75 100 3 4

Special Paper-IV

PHY 620 C Spectroscopy Spl-IV(Optical Electronics)

4 0 25 75 100 3 4

Any one of the following practical paper corresponding to the theory paper will be assignedOPTION-1 (Condensed Matter Physics)

Special Paper Lab-

II

Module-A PHY 622C

Condensed Matter Physics Lab-II

0 14 50 100 150 4 7

Ability Enhanceme

PHY 630C

Seminar-IV$ 0 2 25 - 25 1 1


ntModule-B PHY

632CProject Dissertation*

0 16 75 100 175 1 8

OPTION-2 (Electronics)Special

Paper Lab-II

Module-A PHY 624C

Electronics Lab-II

0 14 50 100 150 4 7

Ability Enhanceme

nt

PHY 630C

Seminar-IV$ 0 2 25 - 25 1 1

Module-B PHY 632C

Project Dissertation *

0 16 75 100 175 1 8

OPTION-3 (Nuclear Physics)Special

Paper Lab-II

Module-A PHY 626C

Nuclear Physics Lab-II

0 14 50 100 150 4 7

Ability Enhanceme

nt

PHY 630C

Seminar-IV$ 0 2 25 25 1 1

Module-B PHY 632C

Project Dissertation *

0 16 75 100 175 1 8

OPTION-4 (Spectroscopy)Special

Paper Lab-II

Module-A PHY 628C

Spectroscopy Lab-II

0 14 50 100 150 4 7

Ability Enhanceme

nt

PHY 630C

Seminar-IV$ 0 2 25 - 25 1 1

Module-B PHY 632C

Project Dissertation*

0 16 75 100 175 1 8

Open Elective

** ** ** 3 0 25 75 100 3 3

Total 16+3**

16 24+3**

Note: In 4th semester, there are two modules in labs Module-A (Lab + Seminar) & Module-B (Project Dissertation) in the respective specializations and students may opt any one of these Modules.

- Module-A will be offered to all the students. - Module-B will be offered to only those students who have passed all courses of previous semesters. *The students will submit their Project Dissertation in the department before 30th June. External evaluation of Project dissertation will be done at the end of semester by the external expert.$ The assessment of Seminar-IV will be done during the semester on the basis of presentation given by the students in front of Department Seminar Committees. 02 hour per week per student will be considered as the teaching load to the faculty in the department during the work of dissertation (It should be maximum 08 h/week for a faculty).**The student may opt any one paper from the list of open elective/interdisciplinary papers floated by Mathematics, Chemistry and MSN departments.

0


1. List for Open Elective –II paper offered by Physics Department (for other PG Departments of the University).

Paper No. Paper Title

PHY 634 C Laser Physics

PHY 636 C Bio Physics

PHY 638 C History and Philosophy of Physics

The Open Elective- II paper will be offered, subject to the availability of the expert teacher and / or the minimum students strength of ten candidates and resources in the department.

2. M.Sc. Physics Students have to opt any one Open Elective paper from the list given below:

Sr. No Paper No. Paper Title Name of Department

1 MAT 628C Applied Algebra and Analysis Mathematics

2 MAT 630C Linear Programming Mathematics

3 MAT 632 C Descriptive Statistics Mathematics

4 CH652C Medicinal Aspects of inorganic Chemistry Chemistry

5 CH654C Polymer Chemistry Chemistry

6 CH656C Semiconductors and Nano- Materials Chemistry

7 MSN524C Materials for Energy and Environment MSN

8 MSN526C Study of Novel and Smart Materials MSN

9 Open elective paper offered by any other PG Departments of the University


M.Sc. PhysicsSemester-I

MATHEMATICAL PHYSICS

Paper No.-PHY-501C Credits: 0404 Hrs /week Max. Marks: 75+25

Duration of Exam: 03 Hrs.

Course Objectives: This course has been developed to introduce students to some topics of mathematical physics which are directly relevant in different papers of Physics course. It includes elements of special functions, matrices, tensors, functions of complex variable and integral transforms.

Note: The Examiners will set nine questions for semester end examination with one question compulsory. Question Number one (1) will have short answer/conceptual/ numerical problem questions covering the entire syllabus and will be compulsory. The rest eight questions will be set, two from each unit. The students will attempt five questions in all including the compulsory question and select at least one question from each unit. All questions will carry equal marks.

UNIT- IMATRICES AND TENSORS

Matrices: Orthogonal, Unitary and Hermitian Matrices with examples, Independent elements of orthogonal and unitary matrices of order 2, Eigenvalues and Eigenvectors; Matrix diagonalization.Tensors: Introduction, definition, Covariant and Contravariant tensors, algebraic operations of tensors, symmetric and antisymmetric tensor, invariant tensor, Contraction theorem, Quotient rule, Levi-Civita symbol, Fundamental or Metric tensors, Christoffel’s 3-index symbols, Transformation laws of Christoffel’s symbols, Covariant differentiation.

UNIT-IISPECIAL FUNCTIONS

Frobenius method for the series solution of second order linear ordinary differential equations, The Wronskian and Second solution.Bessel function of first and second kind, generating function and recurrence relations, integral representation.Legendre Polynomial: Pn(x) as solution of Legendre differential equation, Generating function, recurrence relations and special properties, Orthogonality of Pn(x), Rodrigue’s formula.Hermite and Laguerre Polynomial; solution of Hermite & Lageurre differential equation, Generating function and recurrence relation only


UNIT-IIICOMPLEX VARIABLE

Function of complex variable, limit, continuity and differentiability of function of complex variables ,Analytic function, Cauchy-Riemann conditions, Cauchy’s integral theorem, Cauchy’s Integral formula, Taylor’s and Laurent’s series, singular points, residues, evaluation of residues, Cauchy’s residue theorem, Jordan’s lemma, evaluation of real definite integrals.

UNIT-IV

INTEGRAL TRANSFORMFourier transforms, Properties of Fourier Transform, FT of derivatives, Convolution or Faltung theorem for FT, Fourier transform of Dirac Delta function, simple applications of FTLaplace transform, properties of Laplace Transform, first and second shifting theorem, LT derivatives and integral of a function, convolution or Faltung theorem for LT, Inverse LT by partial fraction and by using convolution theorem, application of LT in solving differential equations.

TEXT AND REFERENCE BOOKS:1. Mathematical Methods for Physicists: G. Arfken and H.J. Weber, (Academic Press, San

Diego)2. Mathematical Methods for Physicists: T.L.Chow (Cambridge university press, NewYork)3. Matrices and Tensors in Physics: A.W. Joshi (Wiley Eastern, New Delhi).4. Mathematical Physics: P.K. Chatopadhyay (Wiley Eastern, New Delhi).5. Introduction to Mathematical Physics: C. Harper (Prentice Hall of India, New Delhi).6. Mathematical Methods in the Physical Sciences: M.L. Boas (Wiley, New York).7. Applied Mathematics for Engineers and Physicists: L .Pipes & L.R. Horwell8. Mathematical Physics: B.S. Rajput (Pragati Prakashan)9. Mathematical Methods for Physicists: A. K. Ghatak, I. C. Goyal


M.Sc. Physics Semester-I

CLASSICAL MECHANICS

Paper No.PHY503C Credits: 0404 Hrs /week Max. Marks: 75+25


Course Objectives: To aware the students of M.Sc. (Physics) in the Lagrangian and Hamiltonian formalisms to an extent that they can use these in the modern branches like Quantum Mechanics, quantum Field Theory, Condensed Matter Physics, etc.

Note: The Examiners will set nine questions for semester end examination with one question compulsory. Question Number one (1) will have short answer/conceptual/ numerical problem questions covering the entire syllabus and will be compulsory. The rest eight question will be set, two from each unit. The students will attempt five questions in all including the compulsory question and select at least one question from each unit. All questions will carry equal marks.

Unit-ILAGRANGIAN FORMULATION AND HAMILTON’S PRINCIPLES

Mechanics of a system of particles, constraints of motion, generalized coordinates, D’ Alembert’s Principle and Lagrange’s velocity –dependent forces ( gyroscopic) and the dissipation function, Application of Lagrangian formulation. Hamilton principle, Lagrange’s equation from Hamilton principle, extension to non-holonomic systems, Legendre Transformation, Hamilton’s equations of motion, Hamilton’s equations from variational principle, Principle of least action.

Unit – IICANONICAL TRANSFORMATION AND HAMILTON-JACOBI THEORY

Canonical transformation and its examples, Poisson’s brackets, Equation of motion, Angular momentum, Poisson’s Brackets relations, infinitesimal canonical transformation, Conservation Theorems and symmetry properties. Hamilton-Jacobi equation for Hamilton’s principal function, Harmonic Oscillator problem.

Unit-IIIRIGID BODY MOTION

Reduction to equivalent one body problem, the equation of motion and first integrals, the equivalent one – dimensional problem and the classification of orbits, the differential equation for orbits, the Kepler’s problem (inverse square law), scattering(Rutherford) in central force field. The Euler’s angles, rate of change of a vector, the Coriolis force and its applications,

.


Unit– IVSMALL OSCILLATIONS

Moment of Inertia, M.I. tensor and ellipsoid Euler equation for rotating rigid body and its solutions, Torque free motion of rigid body, motion of a symmetrical top, Eigenvalue equation, Free vibrations, Normal coordinates, forced oscillations and effect of dissipative forces. Vibration of Triatomic Molecule.

TEXT AND REFERENCE BOOKS:1. Classical Mechanics, H.Goldstein, C.Poole and J. Safko (Pearson Education Asia, New Delhi)2. Classical Mechanics, N.C. Rana and P.S. Joag, (Tata McGraw-Hill, 1991)3. Classical Mechanics of Particles & Rigid Bodies, Kiran C. Gupta, (Wiley Eastern) 4. Classical Mechanics, V.K. Jain, (New Age Publication)5. Classical Mechanics 1st Edition By W. Aruldhas, (Phi)6. Classical Mechanics A text Book By Suresh Chandra, (Norsa)



COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS



Course Objectives: The aim and objective of the course on Computational physics is to familiarize the students of M.Sc. class to the basic aspects of programming in Fortran & with numerical techniques used in solving the various problems of physics. After completing this course the students will be able to understand the concepts involved in various numerical methods and to apply these methods in various physical situations using computer programming in FORTRAN.

Note: The Examiners will set nine questions for semester end examination with one question compulsory. Question Number one (1) will have short answer/conceptual/ numerical problem questions covering the entire syllabus and will be compulsory. The rest eight question will be set, two from each unit. The students will attempt five questions in all including the compulsory question and select at least one question from each unit. All questions will carry equal marks.

UNIT-I COMPUTER FUNDAMENTALS AND PROGRAMMING WITH FORTRAN

Basic Computer organization: Input and output units, Storage unit, Arithmetic Logic unit, Control unit, Central processing unit.Fortran Programming: Data types, Arithmetic & logical expression, Input-output statements, If statement, Do loop, Arrays and subscripted variables, functions and subroutines, Handling input and output files.

UNIT-II ERRORS AND SOLUTION OF ALGEBRAIC EQUATIONS

Errors: Round off errors, truncation error, machine error, random error. Solution of algebraic equation: Bisection method, iteration method, Newton Raphson method, Muller method.Interpolation and extrapolation: Finite difference, forward difference, backward difference, central differences, Lagrange method.Curve Fitting: Least-square curve fitting, straight line and polynomial fits.

UNIT-IIIDIFFERENTIATION AND INTEGRATION

Differentiation: Taylor series method, numerical differentiation using Newton’s forward difference formula, Strilling formula.Integration: Trapezoidal rule, Simpson 1/3 rule, Gaussian Quadrature, Legendre-Gauss Quadrature, Numerical double integration


UNIT-IVNUMERICAL SOLUTION OF DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION

Numerical solution of ordinary differential equation: Taylor series method, Euler's methods, Fourth order Runga Kutta method.Second order differential equation: Initial and boundary value problem, Numerical solution of radial Schrodinger for hydrogen atom using Fourth order Runga Kutta method (when eigenvalue is given).

TEXT AND REFERENCE BOOKS:1. Numerical Mathematical Analysis, J.B. Scarborough (Oxford Book Co.)2. Computational: Physics: An introduction by RC Verma, PK Ahulawalia and K C Sharma

(New Age International Publisher)3. Introduction to Numerical Analysis by F B Hildebrand (Tata McGraw Hill, New Delhi)4. Fortran Programming and Numerical methods, RC Desai (Tata McGraw Hill, New Delhi).5. Computer Applications in Physics Suresh Chandra (Narosa Publishing House).6. Introductory methods of numerical methods of numerical Analysis by S S Sastry (Prentice

Hall of India).7. Computer oriented, Numerical Method by V Rajaraman (Prentice Hall of India).8. An introduction to numerical analysis, John Wiley and Sons.



ELECTRONICS-I


Duration of Exam: 03 Hrs.Course Objective: The course covers Semiconductor physics, Semiconductor devices and their basic applications, Circuit analysis techniques, First-order nonlinear circuits, Op-Amp and related analog circuits have also been introduced. Basic introduction to various concepts, components and circuit analysis used in electronic is being done in the course.Note: The Examiners will set nine questions for semester end examination with one question compulsory. Question Number one (1) will have short answer/conceptual/ numerical problem questions covering the entire syllabus and will be compulsory. The rest eight question will be set, two from each unit. The students will attempt five questions in all including the compulsory question and select at least one question from each unit. All questions will carry equal marks.

UNIT – ISEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES

Drift and diffusion current , Generation and recombination of charges, continuity equation, p-n junction, junction diode characteristic, Capacitance of p-n junctions, Varactors, switching diodes, Clippers & Clampers, photoconductors, photodiode, light emitting diodes and liquid crystal display.Junction Field Effect Transistor (JFET) : Basic structure & Operation, pinch off voltage, single ended geometry of JFET, Volt Ampere characteristic, Transfer Characteristics. JFET as Switch and Amplifier.MOSFET: Enhancement MOSFET, Threshold Voltage, Depletion MOSFET, Comparison of p & n Channel FET, SCR, 4 layer pnpn devices, Tunnel diode.

UNIT-IIOPERATION AMPLIFIER

Differential Amplifier: Circuit configuration, dual input balanced output differential amplifier, Inverting and Non-inverting inputs, CMRR.Operational Amplifiers: Block diagram, open and close loop configuration, inverting & non-inverting amplifier, Op-amp with negative feedback, Voltage series feedback, Effect of feedback on closed loop voltage gain, Input resistance, output resistance, band width, output offset voltage, Measurements of Op-Amp parameters.Op-amp Application: d.c. and a.c. amplifiers, summing, scaling and Averaging amplifier, Integrator, Differentiator, Electronic analog computation, Comparator.


UNIT – IIINETWORK THEORY

Lumped circuits, Non-linear resistor-series and parallel connections, D.C. operating points, small signal analysis, Sources of Electrical energy, Review of Kirchhoff’s Laws, Mesh and Nodal Analysis, Principle of superposition, Thevenin and Norton theorems, Maximum Power transfer Theorem, First order nonlinear circuits, dynamic route, jump phenomenon and relaxation oscillator, triggering of bistable circuits, Admittance, impedance and hybrid matrices for two and three-port networks (series and parallel combinations).

UNIT-IVOSCILLATORS AND WAVE GENERATORS

Oscillators: Principles, types, frequency stability, Phase shift oscillator, Wein’s bridge oscillator, LC tunable oscillator, Square wave, Triangular wave and pulse generator, Astable, Monostable, & Bistable Multivibrators, Sample and Hold circuits, Principle of Phase Locking, Sallen and Key configuration and multi feedback configuration.

TEXT AND REFERENCE BOOKS:1. Semiconductor Devices - Physics and Technology : S.M. Sze (John Wiley), 2002.2. Solid State Electronic Devices: Ben Streetman, Sanjay Banerjee (Prentice Hall India) 6th Edition, 2005.3. Electronic Principles : A.P. Malvino (Tata McGraw, New Delhi), 7th edition, 2009.4. Integrated Electronics : J. Millman, C. Halkias and C.D. Parikh, Tata McGraw Hill, 2nd edition, 20155. Linear and Non-linear Circuits : Chua, Desoer and Kuh (Tata McGraw), 1987.6. Circuit theory Fundamentals and Applications : Aram Budak (Prentice-Hall) 1987.7. Integrated Electronics : Millman and Halkias (Tata McGraw Hill) 1991.8. Electronic Devices and Circuits Theory : Boylested and Nashelsky, (Pearson Education) 10th ed. 2009.9. OPAMPS and Linear Integrated circuits : Ramakant A Gayakwad (Prentice Hall), 1992.10. Operational amplifiers and Linear Integrated circuits, R.F. Coughlin and F.F. Driscoll,(Prentice Hall of India, New Delhi), 2000.11. Principles and Applications in Electronics : A.P. Malvino, D.P. Leach, (Tata Mcgraw- Hill, N.Delhi,1993) 12. Electronic Fundamentals & Applications : John D. Ryder (Prentice Hall of India, N. Delhi)


M.Sc. Physics Semester-I

PHYSICS LAB - IPaper No.PHY509C Credits: 0408 Hrs /week Max. Marks: 75+25


Course Objectives: To train the students about basic experimental techniques in general physics, so that they can investigate various relevant aspects and are confident to handle basic equipment and analyze the data.

Note: 1. Students are expected to perform Ten Experiment with at least four experiments from each section.

Section A1. To verify the existence of different harmonics and measure their relative amplitudes in

complex wave (square, clipped sine wave, triangular wave etc.)2. Determination of Energy Band Gap of Silicon, Germanium etc using diodes and light

emitting diodes.3. To determine wavelength, spot size, divergence of LASER, Power distribution within

beam, Grating element of grating.4. To determine Hall Voltage, concentration of charge carrier and the type of semiconductor

in the Hall effect experiment.5. To study the Magnetostriction effect in a metallic rod.6. To determine charge to mass ratio of electron by using Magnetron.7. To measure the band gap of Germanium using Four Probe Method.

Section B1. To study the characteristics of Junction Field Effect Transistor. 2. To study the characteristic of Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor.3. To study the characteristics of optoelectronics Devices (LED, Photodetector).4. To study the characteristics of Wein Bridge, Hartley and Colpitts Oscillators. 5. To study the characteristics of Astable, Monostable and Bistable Multivibrator.6. To study the frequency response of an operational amplifier.7. To study the use of operational amplifier for different mathematical operation.8. To study the use of operational amplifier for voltage to current conversion and current to

voltage conversion..9. To study the characteristic of SCR and its application as a switching device.10. Verification of Norton’s & Thevenin's theorems. 11. Verification of Maximum power transfer theorem in dc circuit.


Note: More experiments may be added time to time.M.Sc. PhysicsSemester-1st

Computational Physics & Programming Laboratory



COURSE OBJECTIVES: To train the students about experiments in computational physics, so that they can investigate various relevant aspects and are confident to analyze the data.

Note: Students are expected to perform at least five experiments out of following list.

1 To perform Matrix summation, subtraction and multiplication.

2 To find the root of algebraic equation using bisection method.

3 To find the root of algebraic equation Newton Raphson method.

4 To fit a straight line through given data using Least square method.

5 To fit the given data using polynomial fitting.

6 Interpolation and extrapolation using Lagrange method.

7 To perform Numerical differentiation using Newton’s method.

Note: More experiments may be added time to time.


M.Sc. PhysicsSemester-II

SOLID STATE PHYSICS

Paper No.PHY502 C Credits: 0404 Hrs /week Max. Marks: 75+25

Duration of Exam: 03 Hrs.Course Objectives: To expose the students about the topics like crystal structure and various experimental diffraction methods. Lattice dynamics which an important tool will elaborate phonon and its modes, lattice vibrations etc., dielectric properties, energy band theory and various band structure methods and transport theory so that they are equipped with the techniques used in investigating these aspects of the matter in solid state. The concept of superconductivity will be introduced along with the various developments made in a chronological order to achieve the superconductivity and it behavior with temperature and magnetic field. The magnetism will be familiarized using classical and quantum mechanical framework using a many theories.Note: The Examiners will set nine questions for semester end examination with one question compulsory. Question Number one (1) will have short answer/conceptual/ numerical problem questions covering the entire syllabus and will be compulsory. The rest eight question will be set, two from each unit. The students will attempt five questions in all including the compulsory question and select at least one question from each unit. All questions will carry equal marks.

UNIT – I CRYSTAL STRUCTURE

Crystalline solids, Direct lattice, translational vectors, two and three – dimensional Bravais lattices, Miller Indices, Closed packed structures.Interaction of X- Rays with matter, absorption of X-Rays, Elastic scattering from a perfect lattice. Reciprocal lattice, Bragg’s Law, Ewald construction, Brillouin zones and applications of reciprocal lattice to diffraction techniques. Experimental method in X-ray Diffraction - Laue method, powder method and rotating crystal method, structure factor, bonding in solids.

UNIT – IILATTICE DYNAMICS AND FREE ELECTRON THEORY OF METALS

Lattice Modes of Vibration, Elastic Vibrations of continuous media, Vibrations of 1-D monatomic and diatomic linear lattice. Phonon Modes, Lattice vibration Spectrum, phonon momentum, Inelastic scattering by phonons. Lattice specific heat.

Free electron theory and electronic specific heat, Drude model of electrical and thermal conductivity, Fermi gas, energy levels and density of orbitals, Fermi-Dirac distribution function, Quantum theory of free electrons in a 3-D box.


UNIT – III BAND THEORY OF SOLIDS AND SUPERCONDUCTIVITY

Electrons in a periodic lattice: Bloch theorem, band theory and classification of solids, effective mass. Hall effect and thermoelectric power, Tight binding approximations. Fermi surface, Conduction in Semiconductors .Superconductivity, Meissner Effect, Transport Behavior, Types of Superconductors, London’s equations, penetration depth, coherence length, energy gap parameter, Josephson junctions, BCS theory of Superconductivity, Introduction to high temperature superconductors, Superfluidity.

UNIT – IVMAGNETIC AND FERROELECTRIC PROPERTIES

Introduction, classification of magnetic materials, Langevin’s theory of Dia- and Paramagnetism, Weiss Theory of paramagnetism and Ferromagnetism, Quantum theory of Ferromagnetism, Heisenberg's theory of magnetism. Ferromagnetic domains, Anti-ferromagnetism, Ferrimagnetism and Bloch-wall.Structure of Ferrites. Theory of ferroelectricity, ferroelectric domains and hysteresis, antiferroelectric materials, ferroelectric and piezoelectric solids

TEXT AND REFERENCE BOOKS:1. Introduction to Solid State Physics, C. Kittel (Wiley, New York)2. Quantum Theory of Solids, C. Kittel (Wiley, New York)3. Crystallography for Solid-State Physics, Verma and Srivastava4. Principles Of the Theory of Solids, J. Ziman (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge)5. Introduction to Solids, Azaroff6. Elementary Solid-State Physics, Omar7. Solid State Physics, Aschroft & Mermin (Reinhert & Winston, Berlin)8. Principles of Condensed Matter Physics, Chaikin & Lubensky9. Introduction to Superconductivity, M. Tinkham10. Solid State Physics, S. O. Pillai (new Age International Publishers)11. Solid State Physics, M. A. Wohab (Narosa).


12. M.Sc. PhysicsSemester-II

ELECTRONICS-IIPaper No.PHY504 C Credits: 0404 Hrs /week Max. Marks: 75+25

Duration of Exam: 03 HrsCourse Objectives : The Objective of the Course is to introduce basic circuits, components and various units used in digital circuits. The introduction to microprocessor has also been added in the course so that the student can understand how different digital units works. Note: The Examiners will set nine questions for semester end examination with one question compulsory. Question Number one (1) will have short answer/conceptual/ numerical problem questions covering the entire syllabus and will be compulsory. The rest eight question will be set, two from each unit. The students will attempt five questions in all including the compulsory question and select at least one question from each unit. All questions will carry equal marks.

UNIT-IINTRODUCTION OF DIGITAL CIRCUITS

Boolean algebra, deMorgan's theorem, Karnaugh mapping, Data processing circuits : Multiplexers, Demultiplexers, Adders, Encoders, Decoders, Parity generators. Sequential Circuits : RS, JK, D, clocked, preset and clear operation, race-round condition in JK flip flops, master-slave JK flip-flops as building block of sequential circuits. Digital logic families: RTL, DTL, TTL, ECL, CMOS, MOS, Tri-state logic-switching and propagation delay, fan out and fan in.

UNIT-IIMEMORIES AND CONVERTERS

Semiconductor Memories : ROM, PROM, and EPROM, RAM, Static and Dynamic Random Access Memories (SRAM and DRAM), Content addressable memory, other advanced memories. D/A and A/D Converters : Parallel comparator A/D converter, A/D converter using voltage to frequency and using voltage to time conversion, accuracy and resolution. D/A converter resistive network, accuracy and resolution.

UNIT-IIIREGISTERS AND COUNTERS

Shift registers Operations, Serial In/ Serial Out Shift registers, Serial In/ Parallel Out Shift registers Parallel In/ Serial Out Shift registers, Parallel In/ Parallel Out Shift registers, Shift registers Counters, Shift registers applications, Asynchronous and synchronous counter, Up/down synchronous counter, Cascade Counter, Counter decoding, Counter Design and application.


Unit – IVMICROPROCESSOR

Functional Block Diagram Of Microcomputer. Microcomputer Types, RISC and CISC Processors. Evolution Of Microprocessor. Address Bus, Data Bus, Control Bus. General Purpose Registers, Special Purpose Registers and ALU. Opcode and Operand. Architecture of 8085 Up, Pin Diagram of 8085. Fetching and executing operation .Types of Interrupts. Block Diagram of 8051 Microcontroller. Comparison of Microprocessor and Microcontroller.

TEXT AND REFERENCE BOOKS:1. Microelectronics, Millman & Grabel 2. Digital Electronics, Malvino & Leach (Tata Mcgraw- Hill, N.Delhi,1993) 3. Semiconductor Devices : Physics and Technology, S.M. Sze 4. Microprocessor Architecture, Programming and Applications with 8085, R.S. Gaonkar5. Electronic Devices and Circuits Theory, Boylested and Nashelsky (Pearson Education) 10th,

ed. 20096. Digital Fundamentals, Thomas L. Floyd (Pearson Education) 10th, ed. 2017



QUANTUM MECHANICS-IPaper No. PHY506 C Credits: 0404 Hrs /week Max. Marks: 75+25


Course Objectives: To introduces the students about the subject and to equip them with the techniques of angular momentum, perturbation theory and scattering theory so that they can use these in various branches of physics as per their requirement.Note: The Examiners will set nine questions for semester end examination with one question compulsory. Question Number one (1) will have short answer/conceptual/ numerical problem questions covering the entire syllabus and will be compulsory. The rest eight question will be set, two from each unit. The students will attempt five questions in all including the compulsory question and select at least one question from each unit. All questions will carry equal marks.

UNIT – I SCHRODINGER EQUATIONS AND APPLICATIONS

The Schrodinger equations: Time dependent and time independent forms, Probability current density, expectation values, Ehrenfest’s theorem, Gaussian wave packet and its spreading. Exact statement and proof of the uncertainty principle, eigenvalues and Eigenfunctions, wave function in coordinate and momentum representations, Degeneracy and orthogonality. Application of Schrodinger equation for a particle in one dimensional square well potential, Tunneling problem and Linear Harmonic Oscillator.

UNIT – II OPERATORS

Operator in quantum mechanics, Hermitian operator and Unitary operator change of basis, Eigenvalues and eigenvectors of operators, Dirac’s Bra and Ket algebra, Linear harmonic oscillator, coherent states, Time development of states and operators, Heisenberg, Schrodinger and interactive pictures, annihilation & creation operators, Unitary transformations, Matrix representation of an operator.

UNIT – IIIANGULAR MOMENTUM

The angular momentum operators and their representation in spherical polar coordinates, solution of Schrodinger equation for spherically symmetric (central) potentials, spherical harmonics, Hydrogen atom. Commutators and various commutation relations. Eigenvalues and eigenvectors of L2 and Lz. Spin angular momentum, Eigenvalues and eigenvectors of J2 and Jz. Representation of general angular momentum operator, Addition of angular momentum, C.G. coefficients, Stern-Gerlach experiment.


UNIT – IV TIME INDEPENDENT PERTURBATION THEORY

Time independent perturbation theory: Non degenerate case, first and second order perturbation, Degenerate case, First order Stark effect in hydrogen. The Variational Method: expectation value of the energy, application to the ground state of Harmonic oscillator, Hydrogen and Helium atoms, Vander-Waal interactions.

TEXT AND REFERENCE BOOKS:1. Quantum Mechanics, L.I. Schiff (Tata McGraw-Hill, Delhi)2. Quantum Mechanics, B. Craseman and J.L. Powell (Narosa, New Delhi)3. Quantum Mechanics,S. Gasiorowicz (Wiley, New York)4. Modern Quantum Mechanics, J.J. Sakurai (Addison Wesley)5. Quantum Mechanics, P.M. Mathews & K.Venkatesan (Tata McGraw-Hill, Delhi)6. Quantum Mechanics, Ghatak & Loknathan7. Quantum Mechanics , M.P. Khanna (Har Anand, N. Delhi)8. Quantum Mechanics, V.K. Thankappan (New Age, N. Delhi)9. Quantum Mechanics: Concepts and applications, N. Zettili10. Quantum Mechanics, Bransden and Jochain11. Advanced Quantum Mechanics, B. S. Rajput


M.Sc. Physics Semester-II

NUCLEAR & PARTICLE PHYSICS

Paper No.-PHY-508 C Credits: 0404 Hrs /week Max. Marks:75+25

Duration of Exam: 03 Hrs.Course Objectives: The aim and objective of the course on Nuclear & Particle Physics is to familiarize the students of M.Sc. class to the basic aspects of nuclear physics like nuclear decay, nuclear forces, neutron physics and nuclear reactions so that students may well equipped with the techniques and basic to extend their study for emerging fields like Nuclear Astrophysics, High energy Physics etc. Note: The Examiners will set nine questions for semester end examination with one question compulsory. Question Number one (1) will have short answer/conceptual/ numerical problem questions covering the entire syllabus and will be compulsory. The rest eight question will be set, two from each unit. The students will attempt five questions in all including the compulsory question and select at least one question from each unit. All questions will carry equal marks.

UNIT -I NUCLEAR FORCES

Charge symmetry and charge independence of nuclear forces. Meson theory of nuclear forces, relationship between the range of the force and mass of exchanges particle, physical properties of deuteron, ground and excited state of deuteron, neutron-proton scattering, scattering length, effective range theory, spin dependence of nuclear forces.

UNIT -II

INTERACTION OF RADIATION WITH MATTER AND NUCLEAR DETECTORS

Qualitative description of various modes of energy loss of charged particles in matter. Stopping power(no derivation) and Bethe-Bloch formula. Dependence of stopping power on energy of projectile, nature of projectile and stopping medium. Concept of energy and range straggling, Bragg curve. Interaction of gamma radiation with matter: Qualitative idea of Photoelectric effect, Compton scattering and pair production. Linear and mass attenuation coefficients of gamma rays in matter. Positron annihilation in matter.

Radiation Detectors: Direct-Current mode Ionization chamber, Proportional counter. G.M Counter, Scintillation detector.

UNIT –IIINUCLEAR DECAY AND STRUCTURE

Nuclear decay: Alpha decay, Tunnel theory of alpha decay, Beta decay, Fermi theory of beta decay, shape of beta spectrum, Fermi- Kurie plot and its importance. Gamma decay, Multipole transitions in nuclei, Angular momentum and parity selection rule. Internal conversion and Nuclear isomerism.

Nuclear structure: Binding energy and its variation with mass number, liquid drop model, evidence of shell structure, single-particle shell model its validity and limitations.


UNIT –IV

INTRODUCTION TO PARTICLE PHYSICS Units in high energy physics. Classification of elementary particles, Leptons, Hadrons and their antiparticles. Quarks model of the proton, antiproton, neutron and antineutron. Elementary particles quantum numbers. Types of fundamental interaction between elementary particles: electromagnetic, weak, strong and gravitational. Parity, Pion parity, Charge conjugation, positronium decay. C, P and T invariance and CPT theorem (statement only).

Text And Reference Books:1. Basic Ideas and Concepts in Nuclear Physics by K Heyde (IoP)2. Concepts of Nuclear Physics by Bernard L Cohen (TMH).3. Nuclear Physics: Principle and Application by John Lilley (Wiley Pub.).4. Introduction to Nuclear Physics by H.A. Enge (Addison-Wesley).5. Nuclear Physics Experimental and Theoretical by H S Hans (New Age Int.).6. Nuclear Radiation Detector by S S Kapoor and V S Ramamurthy(New Age Int.).7. Atomic Nucleus by R D Evans (Tata Mc Graw Hill).8. Nuclear Physics 2nd edition by I Kaplan (Narosa) .9. Theory of Nuclear Structure by M.K Pal (EWP)10. Introduction to high energy physics by Donald H. Perkins (Addison Wesley)


M.Sc. Physics Semester-II

PHYSICS LAB - II



COURSE OBJECTIVES: To train the students about advanced experimental techniques in general physics, so that they can investigate various relevant aspects and are confident to handle basic equipments and analyze the data.

Note: 1. Students are expected to perform Ten experiments in total selecting at least two practical’s from each section

Section A1. To determine planck's constant using photovoltaic cell. 2. To experimentally demonstrate the concept of quantization of energy levels according to

Bohr’s model of atom.3. Compton Scattering Experiment.4. Rutherford Back-Scattering Experiment.5. Study of the dispersion relation for the mono-atomic lattice-Comparison with theory and find

the cut-off frequency of the mono-atomic lattice. 6. Study of the dispersion relation for the di-atomic lattice – ‘acoustical mode’ and ‘optical

mode’ energy gap. Comparison with theory. 7. To determine the variation of refractive index of the material of prism with wavelength and to

verify Cauchy’s dispersion formula.8. To determine the heat capacity of solids.

Section B1. To study the characteristics of G.M. Counter.2. To find the end point energy of given source using G.M. Counter.3. To find the absorption coefficient of given material using G.M. counter.4. To study the Solid State Nuclear Track Detector.

5. To determine the mass absorption coefficient for beta rays.

6. To Study Nuclear counting statistics.

7. To measure the short half life of a radioactive nuclei.


Section C1. To verify the Truth Table of various Logic Gates.2. To study SR & JK flip flop circuits using logic gates.3. To study the use of digital comparator. 4. To study various aspects of frequency modulation and demodulation ETB-98.5. To study various aspects of amplitude modulation and demodulation ETB-96.6. Study of Digital to Analog converters using R-2R Network /Weighted resistor Network.7. Study of Encoder and Decoder circuits.8. Study of Multiplexers and Demultiplexers.9. To design adder and subtractor (half/full) using logic gates.

Note: More experiments may be added time to time



COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS AND SIMULATION LABORATORY

Paper No.PHY512C Credits: 02

04 Hrs /week Max. Marks: 75+25Duration of Exam: 03 Hrs.

Course Objectives: To train the students about experiments in computational physics, so that they can investigate various relevant aspects and are confident to analyze the data.

Note: Students are expected to perform at least five experiments out of following list.1 To write a Fortran code for Planck’s law for Blackbody radiation and Rayleigh-Jeans

Law at high temperature and low temperature. 2 Write a Fortran code to plot the following functions with energy at different

temperatures

a) Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution

b) Fermi-Dirac distribution

c) Bose-Einstein distribution

3 To calculate the probability and expectation value for position of a particle restricted along

x-axis. Students may use either Simpson’s method or Trapezoidal method for integration.

4 To compare the accuracy of Simpson’s 1/3rd and and Legendre-Gauss Quadrature for any

numerical problem.

5 To evaluate double integration numerically.

6 To find Solution of first order differential equations using the Runge-Kutta method.

Note: More experiments may be added time to time.


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