water supply engineering. ce 704. world university of bangladesh. chapter 10
TRANSCRIPT
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Prepared By
Mehedi Hasan nam
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WORLD UNIVERSITY OF BANGLADESH
Course Name : Water Supply Engineering Course No. : CE 704 Semester : 1stSemester Department : Civil Engineering Batch : 60 B) Shift : Evening Shift
Submitted To: Date Of Submission:SM Tanvir Faysal 11.02.2014
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Group-10
Our Group Members Are:
1. Name : Mehedi Hasan Anam
ID No : 3283
2. Name : Abdul Aowal
ID No : 3282
3. Name : Roki-Bud-Thulla (Riju)
ID No : 3284
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INDEX
Chapter No: Contents:
01 Introduction
02 Water Requirements
03 Ground Water
04 Surface Water Collection & Transportation
05 Pumps and Pumping Machinery
06 Hydraulics of Flow
07 Water Quality08 Water Purification
09 Distribution System
10 Industrial Water Supply
11 Planning & Design of Water Purification Plant
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Industrial Water Supply
Introduction: Industry uses large volumes of water in its manufacturing process
and in supporting operations. Indeed, the production of foodstuffs, metals,chemicals and other basic commodities call for a tonnage of water that far exceeds
the combined tonnage of other raw materials. Finishing operations generally draw
appreciable quantities of water, fabrication and assembly are satisfied with
relatively small amounts. Not much of the water entering industrials works
actually becomes part of the manufactured product, and only a small fraction is
otherwise consumed or lost by evaporation. The larger fraction is employed non-consumptively. It becomes spent water and may contain many pollutants.
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Water Requirements by Various Industries:The water needs of industry are varied aslarge. The water requirement for some selected industries shown in table.
Industry Unit of Production Gallons per Unit
Manufacturing Products
Paper
Leather (tanned)
Cotton goods
Automobiles
Ton
1000 sq. ft. of hide
1000 lb
Each
2,000-1,00,000
1,200-60,000
20,000-1,00,000
8,000-10,000
Food Products
Meat (slaughtering & packing)Beverage alcohol
Beer
1,000 lb live weightGallon
Barrel
600-3,500125-170
470
Mineral Products
Aluminum Ton 35,000-56,000
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Industry Turbidity Color Hardness Alkalinity Iron &
Manganese
Total
Solids
Food
Products
Baked goods
Beer
Confectionery
Ice Cream
10
5
5
10
10
10
5
10
20-50
25-60
25-60
25-60
20-40
75-150
30-50
30-50
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.2
100-200
100-300
100
100
Manufactured
Products
Leather
Paper
Plastics
20
5
2
10-
100
5
50-135
50
135
50
50
0.4
0.1
0.25
200
200
200
Water Quality Requirements:Water use varies greatly form plant to plant. Quality
required is apt to be fairly uniform in all plants making a specific product, but it will
differ materially from industry to industry. In many cases the quality requirements for
industrial water supplies are much more exacting than are those for supplies for
municipalities. In terms of finished water characteristics, permissible limits for some
industries are as shown in table.
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Boiler Feed-Waters: Modern high-pressure boilers must be supplied with feed
water of high purity. As the water evaporates the concentration of impurities in the
liquid phase rise, dissolved. The water in low-pressure boilers may be kept in
satisfactory condition by blow down alone. The American Boiler ManufacturesAssociation has set the upper limits for solids, alkalinity and silicate reported in
Table.
Boiler Presser,
psi
Total Solids Alkalinity Suspended
Solids
Silica
200-300 3,500 700 300 125
301-450 3,000 600 250 90
451-600 2,500 500 150 50
601-750 2,000 400 100 35
751-900 1,500 300 60 20
901-10000 1,250 250 40 8
1001-1500 1,000 200 20 2.5
1501-2000 750 150 10 1.0
Over 2000 500 100 5 0.5
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Boiler waters are kept to specification by one or more of the following techniques:
(1) External treatment for the removal of impurities from the raw water,
(2) Internal treatment for the conditioning of water within the boiler.
(3) Blow down for the removal of concentrates and sludge.
(4) Treatment condensates.
Cooling Water: Water is the common coolant of the process industries. Temperaturesencountered range from the fractionation of liquid air through the chilling or refrigeration of food
products to the quenching of red heat steel. Urban supplies provide much cooling water.
Irrigation Waters: The quality of irrigation waters is of interest in relation:
(1) To resource developments in which available waters are exploited in parallel for
agricultural and municipal purposes.
(2) To schemes in which the waters made available for urban use are derived wholly orin part from the underflow of irrigated fields.
(3) To wastewater disposal by irrigating agricultural areas either by direct discharge
from the drainage system or by diversion of sewage polluted receiving waters.
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Swimming Pool Waters: The sanitary quality of water in swimming pools is
determined by certain bacteriological, chemical and physical test. The bacterial qualityof swimming pool water is indicated by the bacteria count and coli form test.
Swimming pools must be kept clean at all times. Sediment, fungi, algae and visible dirt
should not be permitted to accumulate on the bottom, sidewalls or surrounding walks.
Treatment of Water for Industries: The methods used for treatment of municipal
waters are also used for the treatment of industrial waters. The choice of a particular
method or combination of methods depends entirely upon the type of industry.
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THE END