WATER, WATER, CONSERVATION & CONSERVATION & MANAGEMENTMANAGEMENT

PRESENTED BYPRESENTED BY

RAVI DHANDERAVI DHANDEAssitt. ProfessorAssitt. Professor

Shri Shivaji Science College, Akot, MS, IndiaShri Shivaji Science College, Akot, MS, India

What is the need of water?What is the need of water? Water is, literally, the source of life on Water is, literally, the source of life on

earth. PLANTS, ANIMALS & MICROBES.earth. PLANTS, ANIMALS & MICROBES. All metabolic activities required waterAll metabolic activities required water The human body is 70% water, People The human body is 70% water, People

begin to feel thirst after a loss of only 1% begin to feel thirst after a loss of only 1% of bodily fluids and risk death if fluid loss of bodily fluids and risk death if fluid loss nears 10%nears 10%

Concept of leaf senescence…TeakConcept of leaf senescence…Teak

Water need for other activitiesWater need for other activities

Domestic Activities Domestic Activities ( personal, household, and municipal )( personal, household, and municipal )

Basic water requirement of 50 liters per person per day" as a Basic water requirement of 50 liters per person per day" as a minimum standard to meet four basic needs—for drinking, minimum standard to meet four basic needs—for drinking,

sanitation, bathing, and cookingsanitation, bathing, and cooking AgricultureAgriculture IndustriesIndustries ConstructionsConstructions

Where from water get?Where from water get?

RiverRiver LakesLakes PondPond WellWell Rain waterRain water StreamsStreams

Water Availability and UseWater Availability and Use

70% of the earth's surface is water, 30% in 70% of the earth's surface is water, 30% in Land Land

3% of all water on earth is fresh-water 3% of all water on earth is fresh-water most of this is largely unavailable in the most of this is largely unavailable in the

form of ice caps and glaciers form of ice caps and glaciers 1% is accessible surface freshwater. 1% is accessible surface freshwater.

Factors regarding stress of waterFactors regarding stress of water PopulationPopulation

The world's population is expanding rapidly. Yet there is no more The world's population is expanding rapidly. Yet there is no more freshwater on earth now than there was 2,000 years ago, when the freshwater on earth now than there was 2,000 years ago, when the population was less than 3% of its current size population was less than 3% of its current size The demand for freshwater has been rising in response to industrial The demand for freshwater has been rising in response to industrial development, increased reliance on irrigated agriculture, massive development, increased reliance on irrigated agriculture, massive urbanization, and rising living standardsurbanization, and rising living standards

Inappropriate agriculturalInappropriate agricultural IndustrializationIndustrialization UrbanizationUrbanization leaky municipal pipes leaky municipal pipes Improper pricing of municipal waterImproper pricing of municipal water Poor watershed managementPoor watershed management Other imprudent practices Other imprudent practices Pollution Pollution

Due to untreated municipal sewage, toxic industrial effluents, and Due to untreated municipal sewage, toxic industrial effluents, and harmful chemicals from agricultural activitiesharmful chemicals from agricultural activities

Spending of fresh waterSpending of fresh water

Globally, agriculture- 69%; industry- 23%; domestic, about 8%Globally, agriculture- 69%; industry- 23%; domestic, about 8% In Africa, agriculture- 88%; industry- 5%; domestic 7%.In Africa, agriculture- 88%; industry- 5%; domestic 7%. In Asia, agriculture- 86%; industry- 8%; domestic 6%.In Asia, agriculture- 86%; industry- 8%; domestic 6%. In Europe, agriculture- 33%; industry- 54%; domestic 13%.In Europe, agriculture- 33%; industry- 54%; domestic 13%. In India agriculture- 90%; industry- 7%; domestic 3%.In India agriculture- 90%; industry- 7%; domestic 3%.

What we can do for water What we can do for water conservation?conservation?

Local communities should take an active part in planning and Local communities should take an active part in planning and implementing water management schemes, if they are to be implementing water management schemes, if they are to be sustainablesustainable

Look for appliances that reduce water use.  Shower heads, Look for appliances that reduce water use.  Shower heads, dishwashers, washing machines, taps and toilets with excellent water dishwashers, washing machines, taps and toilets with excellent water efficiency.efficiency.

Turn the tap off when you brush your teethTurn the tap off when you brush your teeth Toilets are big water users.  Use the full flush only when necessary Toilets are big water users.  Use the full flush only when necessary Installing flow regulators on kitchen and bathroom taps Installing flow regulators on kitchen and bathroom taps Clean vegetables in a plugged sink rather than with the water running Clean vegetables in a plugged sink rather than with the water running Pool covers help to reduce evaporation Pool covers help to reduce evaporation Use a bucket and not the pipes to wash your car. Use a bucket and not the pipes to wash your car. Use the water meter to check for hidden leaks Use the water meter to check for hidden leaks

Wars over Water?Wars over Water?

controversy for water, between Israel and Jordan (Jordian controversy for water, between Israel and Jordan (Jordian killed 7 Israeli school girls for water agreement.1994) Israel killed 7 Israeli school girls for water agreement.1994) Israel already has used its military power to maintain access to the already has used its military power to maintain access to the Jordan River.Jordan River.

Egypt has threatened Ethiopia with war if it carries out plans Egypt has threatened Ethiopia with war if it carries out plans to divert more water from the Blue Nile for agricultural use.to divert more water from the Blue Nile for agricultural use.

India & Bagladesh Ganga water problemIndia & Bagladesh Ganga water problem In india, Rajasthan and Gujarat problem for sabarmati river In india, Rajasthan and Gujarat problem for sabarmati river

basinbasin Karnataka and Andhra pradesh Krishna water problemKarnataka and Andhra pradesh Krishna water problem Many more problem related to water….globallyMany more problem related to water….globally

Water Conservation and ManagementWater Conservation and Management

How much water do we need and where do we get it?" Rather, it is How much water do we need and where do we get it?" Rather, it is "how much water is there and how can we best benefit from it?“"how much water is there and how can we best benefit from it?“

India as a whole is expected to enter the water-stress category by India as a whole is expected to enter the water-stress category by 2025. 2025.

Proper domestic useProper domestic use Efficient agricultural useEfficient agricultural use Water harvestingWater harvesting Desalination of marine waterDesalination of marine water Forest conservation. Forests are important water regulators Their Forest conservation. Forests are important water regulators Their

root structures act as nature's sponges, soaking up water and root structures act as nature's sponges, soaking up water and releasing it slowly throughout the year, thus contributing to reliable releasing it slowly throughout the year, thus contributing to reliable river flow, replenishing groundwater supplies, reducing soil erosion, river flow, replenishing groundwater supplies, reducing soil erosion, and releasing moisture into the atmosphere.and releasing moisture into the atmosphere.

Recycling of industrial waterRecycling of industrial water Waste water treatment to avoid water pollution & save the aquatic Waste water treatment to avoid water pollution & save the aquatic

and our life.and our life.

ManagementManagement

watershed or river-basin management especially in water-short watershed or river-basin management especially in water-short regions regions

Instituting a workable water infrastructure Instituting a workable water infrastructure Enacting and enforcing water legislation and regulationsEnacting and enforcing water legislation and regulations Valuing freshwater resourcesValuing freshwater resources Creating competent administrative and legal structuresCreating competent administrative and legal structures Making institutions more responsive and effective Making institutions more responsive and effective Training senior water managersTraining senior water managers Establishing closer ties to universities and research institutesEstablishing closer ties to universities and research institutes Connecting water management to the needs of agriculture, Connecting water management to the needs of agriculture,

industry, and municipalities, and meeting public health industry, and municipalities, and meeting public health requirements for proper sanitation and disease preventionrequirements for proper sanitation and disease prevention

Ways for water conservationWays for water conservation

Save water and save lifeSave water and save life

Thanking youThanking you