waste to energy in esko jäälinoja finland 05-06-2014 · 4 selected wtoe consulting assignments...
TRANSCRIPT
Number of assignments: ÅF performs 30,000 assignments for 10,000 clients
Turnover: over 900 MEUR
Number of ÅF offices: over 100
Number of employees: over 7,000
Independent engineering and consulting company
ÅF Group; Facts at a glance In 2013
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Waste to Energy Consulting
Basic design and technical solutions for waste-to-energy, sludge and co-incineration applications
Waste management and Environmental studies Project management and engineering services for design and
constructing of a waste-to-energy plant Over 2 million tons of waste per annum incinerated in ÅF
Finland designed WtoE plants Projects in Finland , Sweden, Lithuania, Estonia, Poland, Russia,
South Korea.
ÅF manages different plant solutions as well as combustion and flue gas cleaning technologies.
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Selected WtoE Consulting Assignments
Klaipeda /LITHUANIA(Fortum)EPCM Services (09-13)WtE CHP Plant, 272 kt/a
Tallinn/ ESTONIA(Eesti Energia Iru)OE Services (08-13)240 kt/aWtE CHP Plant
Kotka /FINLAND(Kotka Energia)EPCM Services (06 – 08)WtE CHP plant ( 100 kt/a)
Riihimäki/ FINLAND(Ekokem)EPCM Services (05 – 07)WtE plant (150 kt/a)Pre-eng for Line #2(WtECHP 100 kt/a)
Oulu/ FINLAND(Laanilan Voima)EPCM Service (10 – 12)CHP plant120 kt/a.
Fortum Klaipeda/ LITHUANIA
EPCM Services (09--13)WtE Project1800 MWe
Eneco / Holland
OE Services (11-14)Bio/WtEplant (50 MWe)
Tarastenjärvi /FINLAND(Tammervoima)EPCM Services (12- )WtE CHP 150 kt/a
Waste to Energy in Finland Factors which promote utilising waste as energy in Finland:
+Targets to decrease waste depositing to landfills+Waste is renewable energy source and it can replace fossil fuels +National waste plan 2016->31 % of MSW should be utilised as
energy in 2016+Three WtoE plants in operation, experiences have been positive
Factors which trouble utilising waste as energy in Finland:−Costs of landfilling are low (but increasing)−Complaints against environmental permits and problems with land
use permissions cause delays−Local people are against plants because of suspicion on flue gas
emissions, increase of traffic and odours of the waste storages−Thoughts that recycling will decrease and intentions to minimise
waste production would fail
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Challenges in waste to energy project development: Costs of landfilling are low (but increasing) -> WtoE plant feasibility
low Permitting procedure time consuming (Complaints against
environmental permits and problems with land use permissions) -> Delays in project implementation
Local people are against plants because of suspicion on flue gas emissions, increase of traffic and odours of the waste storages -> Complaints -> Delays
Waste quality unknown or poor in many countries, no source separation and a lot of impurities in waste -> Challenges in plant design (auxiliary firing may be needed -> lower feasibility)
In some countries the owner of the waste is unclear or there are many owners -> Waste contracts difficult to make. Securing waste to the plant is essential to feasibility
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Waste to Energy in Finland
Hyötyvoimala project; basisThe Client, Kotkan Energia Oy, has a fuel strategy to move towards local fuels, and Hyötyvoimala project is a natural continuum for this strategic target.
BENEFITS: Save purchasing cost of Russian natural gas 200 000 MWh , equal
to 3,0 M€. Decrease waste flow to landfill to less than 1/3 compared to
initial situation Jobs for 13 new workers Competitive energy solution Protects local industry from moving away
Fuels
Source separated Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) collected from south-east Finland Different fractions (bio waste, recyclables and problem waste)
are separated from combustible fractions at the source Collected in plastic bags. Quality control at sources, transfer stations and on CHP fuel
receiving Also industrial waste created in industrial processes of Sonoco-
Alcore Capacity max. 100 000 t/a
The Chosen Plant Concept
Fuel power 34 MW (Steam pressure 40 bar, temperature 400 °C , Fuel heating value 11,4 MJ/kg) Combined Heat and Power Plant with Grate incineration technology Availability >8100 h/year Only source separated waste fractions are accepted Natural gas as start-up and support fuel Old gas fired steam boiler will remain as auxiliary boiler Manning 8-13 workers in 5 shifts
Plant Output & Investment
Plant output: Electric output 4…9 MW Process steam output 10…20 MWDistrict heat output 4…20 MWCondensing effect 3...22 MW
CAPEX 60 M€OPEX 5,9 M€/a
Organic fraction(<25...60 mm)
Source-separated fractions (plastics, wood)
MSW Large fraction (>120...150 mm)
magnet
magnetAl separator
RDF
Air classifier
glass, stones
1. trommel 2. trommel
aluminiumferrous metals
Mechanical Pre-Treatment
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Flue gas cleaning
SNCR + Semidry flue gas cleaning has been reliable in operation
The emission limits are cleary kept with margin
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Emission limit values 100 % EU-limits, 100% MSW
SNCR semidry
Emission limit values 50 % of EU-limits, IED = next BAT-Bref
SNCR semidry
Reliable compliance with the emission limit values specified in WID
Inlet temp. 150-190 C
A single wet scrubber + possibly a condenser can be connected downstream to ensure reliable compliance with 50% of the emission values specified in WID (next BAT), mostly needed to lower HCl emissions
Part of scrubber waste water can be used in semidry mixer after neutralisation, WWTP neededif max condensing effect is feasible
Lime SR can be lowered by some 15 – 20 % saving lime and land fill cost
Semidry FGT
50 50
200
10 10 10 1 0.05 0.05 0.5 0.19.53
143
0.8 0.6 1.3 0.6 0.0002 0.0015 0.0246 0.0027.9 3
124
0.4 0.7 2.4 0.40
50
100
150
200
250
CO SO2 Nox Dust TOC HCl HF Cd+Tl Hg Other metals
PCDD/F
Average concentrations of flue gas emissions in 2009 and 2010
Waste-to-Energy Plant Kotka
Emission limit value 2010 2009
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Preliminary time schedule
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Preliminary time schedule of a WtE Plant
PhaseQ3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4
Studies
Feasibility study
EIA Process
Preparation of EIA Programme (5 months)Preparation of EIA (6 months)Waste competitionWaste handling tendering
Environmental permit
Licensing of Environmental Permit (3 months)
Handling and complaints (10 months)
Pre-engineering
Pre-engineering (6 months)
Contracts for main equipment
ExecutionEngineering and construction (26-30 months)
201720162012 2013 2014 2015
complaints
Summary: There is not only one technical concept which is suitable for
waste to energy power plants The content of the fuel and requirements of flue gas emissions
are the main factors for the plant concept The time used for project development, basic design and
permitting process will pay back during implementation and operation phases
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Waste to Energy in Finland