T H A T ’ S W H A T ’ S H A P P E N I N G !

Verbs + Verb Phrases

School House Rock Video: Verbs

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=US8mGU1MzYw

Terms

verb

verb phrase

adverb

transitive verb

intransitive verb

subject of the verb

direct object of the verb

Verbs by Definition

Definition based on meaning: word that demonstrates action or a state of being

Definition based on form: word that can be used in the present and past tense; it has both an –s and an –ing form

Sometimes with auxiliary words:

had laughed had eaten

was laughing was eating

had been laughing had been eating

might laugh might eat

could laugh could eat

will laugh will eat

Verb Phrases

headword of the verb phrase = main verb

other components = auxiliary words

had laughed had eaten

was laughing was eating

had been laughing had been eating

might be laughing could have been eating

Verb Phrases

headword of the verb phrase = main verb

other components = auxiliary words, adverbs

Adverb: words that tell where, when, how, in what manner, to what degree a verb, an adjective, or another adverb takes place

jumped merrily had run very quickly

Practice: Identify the Parts of the Verb Phrase

1. had laughed loudly 5. ate quickly

2. was silently laughing 6. was slowly eating

3. wandered aimlessly 7. could rudely point

4. excitedly told 8. had moved freely

THREE TYPES OF VERBS

Action

Intransitive Verbs

Transitive Verbs

Linking

Two Ways to Categorize Action Verbs:

Transitive or Intransitive

Transitive: action verb that functions with a direct object

subject of the verb = doer of the action

direct object = receiver of the action; direct object answers questions: what? or whom?

The boy threw (what?) the ball.

My mom baked (what?) the cake.

Her boyfriend asked (whom?) her.

Sentences with Transitive Verbs

Will ALWAYS have two noun phrases, one as the subject and one as the direct object.

The boy throws the ball.

My mom is baking the cake.

Her boyfriend asked her.

Remember, Noun Phrases…

Can function as subjects the doer of the action or more informally as “who or

what” the sentence is about.

Can function as direct objects The direct object is the receiver of the TRANSITIVE verb’s

action.

Find all of the noun phrases in the following sentences and label their function:

The ambitious young boy cooked the entire Thanksgiving dinner!

After Thanksgiving, many people buy Christmas gifts.

Intransitive Verbs

Action verbs that function without a direct object.

Mary walked.

The students are resting.

The visitors from El Paso have arrived.

More Intransitive Verbs

There’s often more information given after the intransitive verb. We’ll come back to what it is.

If a Direct Object doesn’t follow, it’s an Intransitive Verb.

Mary walked away from me.

The students are resting in the back room.

The visitors from El Paso have arrived at the airport.

Practice

1. The batter hit the ball.

2. My husband made a chocolate cake.

3. We set off the firecrackers.

4. The chef tasted the soup.

5. I felt the kitten’s fur.

Practice

6. Her uncle moved to Arizona.

7. Both the asparagus and the strawberries grow in the garden.

8. Barbara commutes from New Jersey to New York.

9. We left through the door.

10. The girls sat on the couch.

S + L V + P A O R P N

Linking Verbs

Terms

Linking Verb

Predicate Noun

Predicate Adjective

Linking Verbs

Linking Verb connects its subject with a

noun/pronoun or adjective that identifies or

describes the subject

The man is a famous hockey player.

Terms for the linked information:

Predicate Noun : a noun, noun phrase, or

pronoun that renames the subject of the

sentence.

Predicate Adjective: an adjective that describes

the subject of the sentence.

BOTH use the linking verb to give more

information about the subject

To Be verbs:

The Forms of To Be

-ing +modal auxiliaries +modal auxiliaries

am am being can be have been

are are being could be has been

is is being may be had been

was was being might be could have been

were were being must be may have been

shall be might have been

should be shall have been

will be should have been

would be will have been

would have been

Other Linking Verbs

All can be used to suggest a state of being!!!

appear look sound

become remain stay

feel seem taste

grow smell turn

How can you tell the difference?

If the “other linking verb” is really being a linking

verb than you will be able to substitute the verb

with either am, are or is and the sentence will

still make sense.

Ex. The air felt cold.

The air is cold.

Ex. The skiers felt the wind. The skiers are the

wind.

Review

Noun Phrases = determiner + modifier + noun headword

Function as subjects, direct objects, or predicate nouns (more to come)

Verb Phrases = helping verb + adverb + verb head word

Intransitive

Transitive (take Direct Objects)

Linking

Sentence Equations (what we’ve learned so far)

S + IV S + TV + DO S + LV + PA/PN

S = subject (noun phrase or pronoun) IV = intransitive verb TV = transitive verb LV = Linking Verb DO = Direct Object PA = Predicate Adjective PN = Predicate Noun

Label as much as you can in each sentence. Put “other” for those elements you haven’t learned yet.

1. The winter air smelled crisp and clean.

2. I smelled the warm cookie.

3. Cold water is refreshing.

Label the sentence.

4. We all felt cooler after a dip in the ocean.

5. The crowd stayed alert.

6. The situation on the floor remained serious.

Label the sentence.

7. Flowers grew in the yard.

8. The astronauts grew anxious.