ust - wills

UST GOLDEN NOTES 2011

SUCCESSION

ʹͺͲ CIVILLAWTEAMADVISERATTYELMERTRABUYASUBJECTHEADALFREDOBDIMAFELIXIIASSTSUBJECTHEADSKARENFELIZGSUPNADLAMBERTOLSANTOSIIIMEMBERSPAULELBERTEAMONALSTONANARNAOZANJFULLEROSCECILIOMJIMENOJRISMAELSARANGAYAJRCONTRIBUTORSLOISERAEGNAVALMONICAJUCOM

IGENERALPROVISIONS

ADEFINITIONWHATISTRANSMITTED

QWhatissuccessionASuccessionisamodeofacquisitionbyvirtueofwhich thepropertyrightsandobligations to theextentofthevalueoftheinheritanceofapersonare transmitted throughhisdeath toanotherorothers either by hiswill or by operation of law(Art774)QWhatisthebasisofsuccessionA

1 Negative Theories ndash refer to thosewhich deny to succession any rationalbasis andwhichhavebeen formulatedby the individualistic and socialisticschoolsa There can be no testamentary

succession because these rightsaremerelythecreationsofthewillof a personwho is devoid of anywillbeingalreadydead

b There can be no intestatesuccessionbecausethecommunityofproperty in the family canonlybe conceived of as long as thelatterexists

Note According to this view thepropertiesof thedeceasedareconvertedintoresnulliuswhichtothe judgmentofothers fall under the ownership of thefirstoccupantwhogenerallyistherelativenearestindegreeandtothejudgmentofothersbelongtothestate

2 Positive Theories ndash Those which basesuccession on the right of propertyAccording to this view succession isbasedon individualownershipand thepower of the owner to dispose of thesamea If an owner can freely dispose of

hispropertieswithsuchconditionsashemaydeem convenient thenitfollowsthathecandistributethesameafterhisdeathsincethewillis nothing more than theinstrumentofalienationsubjecttotheconditionofdeath

b Those which base succession ontherightoffamily

Note Under this theory the basis ofsuccessionisasortoffamilycoͲownershipwiththeresultthatlegalsuccessionisthenormal procedure and testamentarysuccession the exception or one of thelimitations

3 EclecticTheoryndashAccordingtothisviewthebasisof testamentary succession isthe rightofownershipbut thebasisoflegalor intestate succession is the tiesof blood and the right of family coͲownership(Caguioap2)

QWhatarethecharacteristicsofsuccessionA

1 Itisamodeofacquisition2 Onlypropertyrightsandobligationsto

the extent of the value of theinheritancearetransmitted

3 Thetransmissiontakesplaceonlyatthetimeofdeath

4 The transmission takes place either bywillorbyoperationoflaw

QWhataretherequisitesofsuccessionADATE

1 Deathofdecedent2 Acceptance of the inheritance by the

successor3 Transmissibleestate4 Existence and capacity of successor

designatedbydecedentorlaw

BSUCCESSIONOCCURSATTHEMOMENTOFDEATH

QWhenarerightstosuccessiontransmittedAThe rights to successionare transmitted fromthemomentof thedeathof thedecedent (Art777)NoteAlthough theprovisionstates that the rightsare transmitted upon the death of a person it israthervestedupondeathQWhatistransferredbydeathinsuccessionAOnly the property rights and obligations notextinguished by death are transmitted to theheirs

SUCCESSION

QAreafterͲacquiredpropertiesofthedecedenttransmissibleA

GR Property acquired during the periodbetween the execution of the will and thedeathofthetestatorisnotincludedXPN When a contrary intention expresslyappearsinthewill(Art793)NoteAppliesonlytolegaciesanddevisesandnottoinstitutionofheirs The inheritanceofaperson includesnotonlythepropertyandthetransmissiblerightsandobligations existing at the timeof his deathbut also those which have accrued theretosincetheopeningofthesuccession(Art781)

Q What is the general rule as regardstransmissibilityofrightsAIftherightorobligationisintuitupersonaeitisintransmissibleotherwiseitistransmissibleNoteIntuitupersonaemeansstrictlypersonalQWhatrightsarenottransferredbythedeathofapersonA

1 Purelypersonalrights2 Rightswhich aremade intransmissible

bystipulationoftheparties3 Rights which are intransmissible by

provisionoflawNoteAllother rightsare transmissible to theheirsuponthedeathofapersonQWhatare the rights thatareextinguishedbydeathAPAPULP

1 Partnershiprights2 Agency3 Personaleasements4 Usufruct5 Legalsupport6 Parentalauthority

Q What obligations or contracts are nottransmittedbydeathAThosewhicharemadeintransmissible

ʹͺͳ

1 bytheirnature2 bystipulationor3 byprovisionoflaw(Art1311)

NoteThisisanexceptiontothegeneralrulethatcontracts or obligations are binding upon thepartiestheirheirsorsuccessorsͲinͲinterestQ What are the obligations that areextinguishedbydeathA

1 Monetary obligations are nottransmittedtotheheirs

2 NonͲmonetary obligations aretransmittedtotheheirs

QMayheirsbeheldliableforthedebtsorobligationsofthedecedentA

GRNoItistheestatethatpaysforthedebtsleftbythedecedentXPN It is true that theheirsassume liabilityfor thedebtsof thedecedent although it islimitedonly to theextentof thevalueof theinheritance received (Estate of Hemady vLuzon Surety Co GR No LͲ8437 Nov 281956)

NoteTheheirsarenotpersonallyliablewiththeirownindividualpropertiesforthemonetaryobligationsdebtsleftbythedecedentQ Is a contract of guaranty extinguished bydeathANo because a contract of guaranty does notfall in any of the exceptions under Art 1311(relativityofcontracts)Aguarantorrsquosobligationisbasicallytopaythecreditoriftheprincipaldebtorcannot pay Payment does not require anypersonal qualifications The personalqualifications become relevant only at the timetheobligationisincurredbutnotsoatthetimeofdischargeor fulfillmentof theobligation (EstateofHemady v Luzon Surety Co IncGRNo LͲ8437Nov281956)Q The wife died while the action for legalseparationwaspendingHerchildrenhoweverwanted to continue the action They ask thatthey be allowed to substitute their deceasedmother arguing that the action should beallowedtocontinueDecideAThechildrencannotbesubstitutedinanactionfor legal separation upon the death of theirmother who filed the case An action for legalseparation is purely personal on the part of theinnocent spouse because such an action affects

UNIVERSITYOFSANTOTOMASF a c u l t a d d e D e r e c h o C i v i l

ACADEMICSCHAIRLESTERJAYALANEFLORESIIVICECHAIRSFORACADEMICSKARENJOYGSABUGOampJOHNHENRYCMENDOZAVICECHAIRFORADMINISTRATIONANDFINANCEJEANELLECLEEVICECHAIRSFORLAYͲOUTANDDESIGNEARLLOUIEMMASACAYANampTHEENACMARTINEZ


the marital status of the spouses (Bonilla vBarcenaGRNoLͲ41715June181976)Q Fortunatadiedwhileheraction forquietingoftitleofparcelsoflandwaspendingDoesherdeathresult intheextinguishmentoftheactionormayherheirssubstituteherinthecaseA Her heirs may substitute her because theactionisnotextinguishedbyherdeathSincetherightstothesuccessionaretransmittedfromthemomentofthedeathofthedecedentfromthatmoment theheirsbecome theabsoluteownersof his property subject to the rights andobligationsof thedecedentand they cannotbedeprived of their rights thereto except by themethods provided for by law The right of theheirs to the property of the deceased vests inthem upon such death even before judicialdeclaration of their being heirs in the testate orintestateproceedingsWhenshediedherclaimor right to theparcelsof land in litigationwasnotextinguishedbyherdeathbutwastransmittedtoherheirsuponherdeath Her heirs have thus acquired interest intheproperties in litigationandbecameparties ininterest in the case (Bonilla v Barcena et alGRNoLͲ41715June181976)Q Can the heir enter into a contract of saleconveyanceoranydispositionpertaining tohisinterest in the inheritance even pending thesettlementoftheestate

ʹͺʹ CIVILLAWTEAMADVISERATTYELMERTRABUYASUBJECTHEADALFREDOBDIMAFELIXIIASSTSUBJECTHEADSKARENFELIZGSUPNADLAMBERTOLSANTOSIIIMEMBERSPAULELBERTEAMONALSTONANARNAOZANJFULLEROSCECILIOMJIMENOJRISMAELSARANGAYAJRCONTRIBUTORSLOISERAEGNAVALMONICAJUCOM

A Yes because his hereditary shareinterest inthe decedentrsquos estate is transmitted or vestedimmediately from the moment of decedentrsquosdeathThisishoweversubjecttotheoutcomeofthesettlementproceedingsQWhatisthenatureofthetransactionenteredinto by the heir pertaining to his hereditaryshare in the estate pending the settlement oftheestateATheeffectofsuchtransactionistobedeemedlimited towhat is ultimately adjudicated to theheir However this aleatory character of thecontract does not affect the validity of thetransactionQMayanheirconveyfutureinheritanceANocontractmaybeenteredintouponafutureinheritance except in cases expressly authorizedbylaw(Art1347)

CKINDSOFSUCCESSORSQWhatarethekindsofheirsA

1 Voluntaryndashcalled tosucceedeitherbyvirtueofthewillofthetestatora Deviseeb Legatee

Note An heir is onewho succeeds tothewhole (universal)oraliquotpartofthe estate Devisee or legatee is onewho succeeds todefinite specific andindividualizedproperties

2 Compulsoryndash calledby law to succeedto a portion of the testatorrsquos estateknownaslegitime

3 LegalorIntestatendashbyoperationoflawthroughintestatesuccession

QWhoaredeviseesandlegateesA Devisees are persons to whom gifts of realproperty are given by virtue of a will On theotherhand Legateesarepersons towhomgiftsofpersonalpropertyaregivenbyvirtueofawillQWhatare thedistinctionsbetweenheirsandlegateesdeviseesA

HEIRS DEVISEESORLEGATEES

Astorepresentationofdeceasedrsquosjuridicalperson

Representthejuridicalpersonalityofthe

deceasedandacquiretheirrightswithcertain

exceptionstohisobligations

Neverrepresentthepersonalityofthedeceasednomatterhowbigthelegacyor

thedeviseis

DeterminabilityofamountofinheritanceInheritanundeterminedquantitywhoseexactamountcannotbeknownaprioriand

whichcannotbefixeduntiltheinheritanceis

liquidated

Arealwaysgivenadeterminatethingora

fixedamount

ExtentofsuccessionalrightSucceedtotheremainderofthe

propertiesafterallthedebtsandallthelegaciesanddeviceshavebeen

paidorgiven

Onlysucceedtothedeterminatethingorquantitywhichis

mentionedinthelegacyordevise

Astowhentheyexist

SUCCESSION

Canexistwhetherthesuccessionbetestateor

intestate

Onlyintestamentarysuccession

Effectofpreterition

Theinstitutionofanheirisentirelyannulled

Thelegaciesanddevisesremainvalidinsofarastheyarenotinofficious

Effectofdefectivedisinheritance

Incaseofimperfectordefectivedisinheritancetheinstitutionofanheirisannulledtotheextentthatthelegitimesare

impaired

Thelegaciesanddeviseesremainvalidinsofarastheyarenot

inofficious

ʹͺ͵UNIVERSITYOFSANTOTOMASF a c u l t a d d e D e r e c h o C i v i l


QSupposeaperson isnamedtosucceedtoanentire estate The estate however consists ofonly one parcel of land Is he an heir or adevisee

AItdependsonthemannerofhisdesignationinthewillHerebecausehe iscalledto inherittheentireestateheisanheir

QInwhatinstancesdothedistinctionsbetweenheirsanddeviseeslegateesbecomesignificant

A

1 Preterition2 Imperfectdefectivedisinheritance3 AfterͲacquiredproperty4 Acceptance or repudiation of

successionalrights

Q What are the classifications of compulsoryheirsA

1 PrimarycompulsoryheirsndashTheyarenotexcluded by the presence of othercompulsoryheirsEg legitimate children survivingspouse

2 Secondary compulsory heirs ndash Thosewho succeed only in default of theprimarycompulsoryheirsEglegitimateascendants

3 ConcurringcompulsoryheirsndashTheyget

their legitimes together with theprimary or secondary heirs Neitherexcludes primary or secondary heirsnoreachotherEg Surviving spouse and illegitimatechildrenanddescendants

QWhoarethecompulsoryheirsA

1 Legitimate children and descendants(LCD)

2 Legitimate parents and ascendants(LPA)

3 Survivingspouse(SS)

Legitimatechildrenanddescendants(LCD)

QIsanadoptedchildacompulsoryheir

A ldquoLegitimate childrenrdquo includes adoptedchildrenandlegitimatedchildren

Under RA 8552 or theDomesticAdoption Lawadoptedchildrenhavethesamerightsgrantedtothe legitimate childrenAdopted children for allintentsandpurposesareconsideredaslegitimatechildren

Hencetheadoptedchildrencanalreadyexcludelegitimateparentsascendants

Legitimateparentsandascendants(LPA)

QWhendo legitimateparents and ascendantsinherit

A Legitimateparentsandascendants inherit indefault of legitimate children and descendantsTheyaresecondarycompulsoryheirs

Q Isthepresenceof illegitimatechildrenofthedecedentexcludetheLPA

ANoLegitimateparentsandascendantsconcurwiththeillegitimatechildrenofthedecedent

However if the decedent is himself illegitimatehis illegitimate children exclude the illegitimateparentsandascendants

Survivingspouse(SS)

QCana common law spousebea compulsoryheir

ANoTheremustbevalidmarriagebetweenthedecedent and the surviving spouse If themarriage is null and void the surviving spousecannotinherit

QHow can the heirs of the decedent use thenullity of marriage to prevent the survivingspousefrominheriting

A Theheirs can raise the issueofnullityof themarriage in the same proceeding for the


settlementoftheestateThis isallowedbecauseamarriagethatisnullandvoidcanbecollaterallyattacked

However in case of voidable marriages if themarriage is not annulled before the decedentdiedthesurvivingspousecanstillinherit

ReasonVoidablemarriagescanonlybeattackedinadirectproceedingieannulmentproceeding

Note The surviving spouse is not a compulsoryheirofhisherparentͲinͲlaw

SeparationͲinͲfactwillnotdisqualifythesurvivingspouse from getting hisher legitime regardlessofhisherguilt

Illegitimatechildren

Note Under the Family Code there is no moredistinction between acknowledged natural childrenandillegitimatechildren Theyareallconsideredasillegitimate

Compulsoryheirsofapersonwhoisillegitimate

ʹͺͶ CIVILLAWTEAMADVISERATTYELMERTRABUYASUBJECTHEADALFREDOBDIMAFELIXIIASSTSUBJECTHEADSKARENFELIZGSUPNADLAMBERTOLSANTOSIIIMEMBERSPAULELBERTEAMONALSTONANARNAOZANJFULLEROSCECILIOMJIMENOJRISMAELSARANGAYAJRCONTRIBUTORSLOISERAEGNAVALMONICAJUCOM

1 Legitimatechildrenanddescendants2 Illegitimatechildrenanddescendants3 In default of the foregoing illegitimate

parentsonly4 Survivingspouse

QInwhatwaysmaycompulsoryheirsinheritACompulsoryheirsinheriteither

1 intheirownrightor2 byrightofrepresentation

IITESTAMENTARYSUCCESSION

WILLS

1INGENERAL

ADEFINITIONANDCHARACTERISTICS

QWhatisawillAAwillisanactwherebyapersonispermittedwiththeformalitiesprescribedby lawtocontroltoa certaindegree thedispositionofhisestatetotakeeffectafterhisdeath(Art783)QWhatarethecharacteristicsofawillAAwillis

1 StatutoryrightndashThemakingofawill isonly a statutory not a natural rightHenceawillshouldbesubordinatedtoboththelawandpublicpolicy

2 Unilateral act ndashNo acceptance by thetransferees is needed during thelifetimeofthetestator

3 StrictlypersonalactndashThedispositionofproperty is solely dependent upon thetestator

4 Ambulatory ndash A will is essentiallyrevocable during the lifetime of thetestator

5 FreefromvicesofconsentndashAwillmusthave been executed freely knowinglyand voluntarily otherwise it will bedisallowed

6 IndividualactndashAwillmustbeexecutedonly by one person A jointwill is notallowedinthePhilippines

Note Mutual wills ndash Separate willsalthough containing reciprocal provisionsarenotprohibitedsubjecttothe ruleondisposicioncaptatoria

7 Solemn or formal act ndash A will isexecutedinaccordancewithformalitiesprescribedbylaw

(1)PERSONALACTNONͲDELEGABILITYOFWILLͲMAKING

QWhatismeantbyldquostrictlypersonalactrdquoAUnderArt784itmeansthatinthemakingofawill preparation thereof cannot bewholly orpartially entrusted to a third person or madethrough an agent or attorney It refers to thedisposition of property This is so because theessence of making a will is the disposition ofproperty hence it cannot be delegated toanotherQ Can the testator delegate to a third personthe power to determine whether or not atestamentarydispositionistobeoperativeANo It isnotonlythedelegationwhich isvoidthe testamentary disposition whose effectivitywilldependupon thedeterminationof the thirdperson is the one that cannot bemadeHencethedisposition itself isvoid (Art787Tolentinop33)QWhatcannotbedelegatedtothediscretionofathirdpersonA The following cannotbedelegated to a thirdperson because they comprise the disposingpowerofthetestator

1 Duration or efficacy of designation ofheirslegateesordevisees

SUCCESSION

2 Determination of the portions whichtheheirs are to receivewhen referredtobyname

3 Determination as towhether or not adispositionistobeoperative(Art785)

QWhat on other handmay be entrusted tothirdpersonsA

1 Distributionofspecificpropertyorsumsofmoneythatthetestatormayleaveingeneraltospecifiedclassesorcauses

2 Designationof thepersons institutionsor establishments to which suchproperty or sums are to be given orapplied(Art786)

Reason Here there is really no delegationbecause the testator has already set theparametersrequiredbylawnamely

a Thespecificationofpropertyorsumsofmoney

b Thespecificationofclassesorcauses

Ineffectthethirdpersonwillonlybecarryingoutthewill of the testator as determined by theseparameters

ʹͺͷUNIVERSITYOFSANTOTOMASF a c u l t a d d e D e r e c h o C i v i l


(2)RULESOFCONSTRUCTIONANDINTERPRETATIONLAWGOVERNING

FORMALVALIDITYQ How should the provisions of a will beconstruedAAsageneralrulethelanguageofawillshouldbe liberally construed and asmuch as possiblethe intention of the testator should be giveneffectIncaseofdoubtthatinterpretationbywhichthedispositionistobeoperativeshallbepreferredReasonTestacy ispreferredover intestacy (Art791)Q What are the rules in the construction ofWillsA

1 Words of the will are to be taken intheir ordinary and grammatical senseunless there isa clear intention tousetheminanothersensecanbegatheredandthatcanbeascertained(Art790)

2 Technicalwordsaretobetakenintheirtechnicalsenseunlessa The context clearly indicates a

contraryintentionor

b It satisfactorily appears that hewas unacquainted with suchtechnicalsense(Ibid)

3 The invalidity of one of severaldispositionscontainedinawilldoesnotresult in the invalidity of the otherdispositionsunless it istobepresumedthat the testatorwouldnothavemadesuch other dispositions if the firstinvaliddispositionhadnotbeenmade(Art792)

4 Everydeviseorlegacyshallcoveralltheinterest in the property disposed ofunless it clearly appears from the willthat he intended to convey a lessinterest(Art794)

QWhatarethekindsofambiguitiesinawillA

1 LatentambiguitiesndashAmbiguitieswhichare not apparent on the face of awillbuttocircumstancesoutsidethewillatthetimethewillwasmade

Ega If it contains an imperfect

descriptionofpersonorpropertyb A description ofwhich no person

orpropertyexactlyanswers

2 Patent ambiguities ndash Those which areapparentonthefaceofthewill

EgUncertainty which arises upon the faceofthewillastotheapplicationofanyof itsprovisions(Art789)

Q What are the steps in resolving theambiguitiesA

1 Examinethewillitself2 Refer to extrinsic evidence or the

surrounding circumstances except oraldeclarations of the testator as to hisintention

Reason Because the testator can no longerrefutewhateverisattributedtohim

2TESTAMENTARYCAPACITYANDINTENTQWhocanmakeawillAAll personswho are not expressly prohibitedbylawmaymakeawill(Art796)Thelawpresumescapacitytomakeawillhencein order that a person may be disqualified to


make one hemust be expressly prohibited bylawNoteTheabilityaswellasthepowertomakeawillmustbepresentatthetimeoftheexecutionofthewillSupervening incapacity does not invalidate aneffectivewillnor isthewillbyan incapablepersonvalidatedbythesuperveningofcapacity(Art801)Q What are the requisites of testamentarycapacityA

1 Atleast18yearsofageand2 Ofsoundmind

Note It isnotnecessary that the testatorbe in fullpossessionofallhis reasoning facultiesor thathismind be wholly unbroken unimpaired orunshatteredbydiseaseinjuryorothercauseItshallbesufficientifthetestatorwasableatthetimeofmakingthewilltoknowthe

a natureoftheestatetobedisposedofb properobjectsofhisbountyandc characterofthetestamentaryact

QWhoarethosepersonsexpresslyprohibitedbylawtomakeawillA

1 Personsofeithersexunder18yearsofage(Art797)

2 Persons who are not of sound mind(Art798)

Q Is a person suffering from civil interdictionqualifiedtomakeawillA Yes He is deprived only of the power todisposeofhisproperties throughacts intervivosbut not through acts mortis causa (Art 34RevisedPenalCodeRabuyaCivil LawReviewerp527)Q Is amarriedwoman required to obtain theconsentofthehusbandandtheauthorityofthecourtbeforeshecanmakeawillA No She can make a will even without theconsentofherhusbandand theauthorityof thecourt(Art802)

ʹͺ

NoteAmarriedwomanmaydisposeofherseparateproperty andher share in the conjugalor absolutecommunityproperty

AAGEREQUIREMENTQCanapersonundereighteenyearsoldmakeawillANoPersonsofeithersexundereighteenyearsoldcannotmakeawill(Art797)QWhenissoundnessofthemindrequiredAItisessentialonlyatthetimeofthemaking(orexecution)ofthewill(Art798AlsuaͲBettsvCA92SCRA332RabuyaCivilLawReviewerp527)QWhatisthestatusofthewillifthetestatorisnotofsoundmindatthetimeofitsexecutionA The will is invalid regardless of his state ofmind before or after such execution In otherwordsthewillofanincapableisnotvalidatedbythesuperveningofcapacity(Art801id)Note Conversely if the testator was of soundmindatthetimeofthemakingofthewillthewillis valid even if the testator should later onbecomeinsaneanddieinthatconditionInotherwordssuperveningincapacitydoesnotinvalidateaneffectivewill(idpp527Ͳ528)QIfthereisnoproofastothesoundnessofthemindofthetestatoratthetimeheexecutedhiswillwhat isthestatusofhiswillassumingthathe complies with all other requisites for itsvalidityAThewillisvalidThisissobecausegenerallyinabsence of proof to the contrary the lawpresumesthateverypersonisofsoundmindSuch presumption of soundness of mindhoweverdoesnotariseifthetestatorwas

1 Publicly known to be insane onemonthorlessbeforemakinghiswill

2 Under guardianship at the time of themakingofthewill

NoteMereweakness ofmind or partial imbecilityfrom disease of body or from age does notnecessarily render a person incapable ofmaking awillQ Who has the burden of proving that thetestatoractedinlucidintervalAThepersonwhomaintains the validityof thewillbasedonthesaidground(RabuyaCivilLawReviewerp530)

CIVILLAWTEAMADVISERATTYELMERTRABUYASUBJECTHEADALFREDOBDIMAFELIXIIASSTSUBJECTHEADSKARENFELIZGSUPNADLAMBERTOLSANTOSIIIMEMBERSPAULELBERTEAMONALSTONANARNAOZANJFULLEROSCECILIOMJIMENOJRISMAELSARANGAYAJRCONTRIBUTORSLOISERAEGNAVALMONICAJUCOM

SUCCESSION

Q When Brenda was a baby she wasaccidentally dropped by hermotherwhen hermother saw a cockroach As a result shesuffered from insanity When she was in herthirtiessheexecutedawillAftersometimeherbrain damage was totally cured What is thestatusofthewillA Still void Thewill of an incapable cannot bevalidated by supervening capacity What isimportantisthattheabilityaswellasthepowertomakeawillmustbepresentatthetimeoftheexecutionofthewill

ʹͺUNIVERSITYOFSANTOTOMASF a c u l t a d d e D e r e c h o C i v i l


QWillyouranswerbethesameifthesituationwas the reverse ndash Brenda developed insanityaftersheexecutedherwillANoSuperveningincapacitydoesnotinvalidateaneffectivewillhencethewillisvalidQMayanilliterateexecuteawillA

GRYesan illiteratecanmakeanordinaryornotarialwillbecause apersonwhodoesnotknowhow to readandwritedoesnotmeanhedoesnotunderstandthelanguageXPNTheilliteratecannotmakeaholographicwill

3FORM

AFORMALVALIDITYRULESQWhat lawgovernsthe formsandsolemnitiesofwillsAIt isthe lawofthecountrywherethewillwasexecuted that governs the form and solemnitiesofwills(Art171stparagraphArt815)QWhataretheeffectsofawillexecutedbyanalienabroadA Thewill of an alienwho is abroad produceseffect in the Philippines if made with theformalitiesprescribedby the lawof theplace inwhichhe residesoraccording to the formalitiesobserved in his country or in conformity withthosewhichtheCivilCodeprescribes(Art816)QWhataretheeffectsofawillexecutedbyanalieninthePhilippinesA It shall produce the same effect as if itwasexecuted in the Philippines if it is executed in

accordancewiththelawofthecountrywhereheisacitizenorsubjectandwhichmightbeprovedandallowedby the lawofhisowncountry (Art817)Q Is a joint will executed by a Filipino in aforeigncountryvalidANoThesameholdstrueevenifitisauthorizedbythelawofthecountrywherethejointwillwasexecuted(Art819)(1)LAWGOVERNINGSUBSTANTIVEVALIDITY

QWhatarethemattersmentionedinArticle15of the New Civil Code which are governed byPhilippinelawsA1familyrightsandduties2status3conditionand4legalcapacityofpersons(Art15)QWhatarethematterspertainingto intestateand testamentary successions which areregulatedbythenationallawofthedeceasedA1Orderofsuccession2amountofsuccessionalrights3intrinsicvalidityoftestamentaryprovisions4capacitytosucceed(Art16Art1039)

BCOMMONREQUIREMENTSQWhat are the formal requirements commontobothnotarialandholographicwillsA

1 Inwriting2 In a language or dialect known to the

testator3

NoteTheobjectofthesolemnitiessurroundingtheexecution ofwills is to close the door against badfaith and fraud to avoid substitution of wills andtestaments and to guarantee their truth andauthenticity

(1)INWRITINGQIstherulethateverywillmustbeinwritingmandatoryAYesIfthewillisnotinwritingitisvoidandcannotbeprobated(RabuyaCivilLawReviewerp531)NotePhilippinelawsdonotrecognizethevalidityofldquonuncupativewillsrdquowhichareoralwillsdeclaredor


dictated by the testator and dependentmerely onoraltestimony(id)Q In case of a holographic will what is therequirementforitsvalidityAItmustbeentirelyhandwrittenbythetestatorhimself(Art810)QWhatare the rules in relation tonotarialorattestedwillsANotarialorattestedwillmaybe

ʹͺͺ CIVILLAWTEAMADVISERATTYELMERTRABUYASUBJECTHEADALFREDOBDIMAFELIXIIASSTSUBJECTHEADSKARENFELIZGSUPNADLAMBERTOLSANTOSIIIMEMBERSPAULELBERTEAMONALSTONANARNAOZANJFULLEROSCECILIOMJIMENOJRISMAELSARANGAYAJRCONTRIBUTORSLOISERAEGNAVALMONICAJUCOM

1 entirelyhandwrittenbyapersonotherthanthetestator

2 partly handwritten by the testatorhimself and partly handwritten byanotherperson

3 entirely printed engraved orlithographedor

4 partlyhandwritten(whetherbytestatoror another person) and partly printedengravedorlithographed(RabuyaCivilLawReviewerp531)

(2)LANGUAGEDIALECTREQUIREMENT

CNOTARIALWILLS

Q Is the ruleeverywillmustbeexecuted inalanguageknowntothetestatormandatoryA Yes otherwise the will is void (Suroza vHonrado110SCRA388id)Q Is the fact that thewillwas executed in alanguage known to the testator required tobestatedintheattestationclauseA No This fact can be established by extrinsicevidenceorevidencealiunde(LopezvLiboro81Phil429)NoteItwillbepresumedthatthewillwasexecutedina languageordialectknowntothetestator ifthewillwasexecuted in a certain locality and that thetestatorwasaresidentofthatlocality(RabuyaCivilLawReviewerp532)Q Is it presumed that the testator knows thedialectofthelocalitywhereheresidesAIfthetestatorresidesinacertainlocalityitcanbe presumed that he knows the dialect or thelanguage in the said locality (Abangan vAbanganGRNo13431Nov121919)

NoteThe fact that the testatorknew the languageneed not appear on the face of thewill This factmaybeprovenbyextrinsicevidenceQDoesthisruleapplytowitnessesinanotarialorattestedwillA No The rule only applies to the testatorwhether in notarial or holographicwill FurtherArt805 isclear that theattestationclauseneednotbe in the language known to thewitnesses(SeeRabuyaCivilLawReviewersupra)

(1)ARTS805Ͳ806

QWhataretheformalitiesintheexecutionofanotarialwillAWESAͲPNAN

1 InWriting2 Executedinalanguageordialectknown

tothetestator3 Subscribedbythetestatorhimselforby

the testatorrsquos name written by someotherperson inhispresenceandunderhisexpressdirectionattheendthereofatthepresenceofwitnesses

4 Attestedtoandsubscribedbyatleast3credible witnesses in the presence ofthetestatorandofoneanother

5 EachandeveryPagemustbesignedbythetestatororbythepersonrequestedby him to write his name and byinstrumentalwitnesses in thepresenceofeachotherontheleftmargin

6 EachandeverypageofthewillmustbeNumberedcorrelativelyinlettersplacedontheupperpartofeachpage

7 Must contain an Attestation clausestatingthefollowinga Thenumberofpagesofthewillb Fact that the testator signed the

willandeverypageinthepresenceofwitnessesorcausedsomeotherpersontowritehisnameunderhisexpressdirection

c All witnesses signed the will andeverypagethereofinthepresenceofthetestatorandofoneanother

8 MustbeacknowledgedbeforeaNotarypublic

Q What is the effect if one or some of therequisitesarelackingA Lackofoneof the requisites isa fataldefectwhichwillrenderthewillnullandvoid

SUCCESSION

QWhat is therule incasesofomissions in thewillA Omissions which can be supplied by anexaminationofthewillitselfwithouttheneedofresorting to extrinsic evidencewill not be fataland correspondingly would not obstruct theallowancetoprobateofthewillbeingassailed

ʹͺͻUNIVERSITYOFSANTOTOMASF a c u l t a d d e D e r e c h o C i v i l


Howeverevidencealiundearenotallowedtofilla void in any part of the document or supplymissing details that should appear in the willitselfTheyonlypermitaprobe into thewillanexploration into its confines to ascertain itsmeaning or to determine the existence orabsence of the requisite formalities of law(CantildeedavCAGRNo103554May281993)

(2)SPECIALRULESFORHANDICAPPED

TESTATORSQ What are the special requirements if thetestatorisdeaformuteA

1 If the testator isable to readhemustpersonallyreadthewillor

2 If the testator is unable to read hemust designate two persons to read itand communicate to him in somepracticable manner the contentsthereof(Art807seeRabuyaCivilLawReviewerp559)

Note The law does not require that the personsreadingandcommunicatingthecontentsofthewillbetheinstrumentalwitnesses(idp560)Q What are the special requirements if thetestatorisblindAThewillshallbereadtohimtwiceoncebyoneofthesubscribingwitnessesandanothertimebythe notary public before whom the will isacknowledged(Art808id)NoteArt808appliesnotonlytoblindtestatorsbutalsotothosewhoforonereasonoranotherareincapableofreadingtheirwillseitherbecauseofpoorordefectiveeyesightorbecauseofilliteracy(id)

(3)SUBSTANTIALCOMPLIANCEQWhenisawillnotrenderedinvalidbyreasonof defects or imperfections in the form ofattestationorinthelanguageusedtherein

AIfthewillisexecutedinsubstantialcompliancewith all the requirements of Article 805 in theabsence of bad faith forgery fraud undue andimproperpressureorinfluence(SeeArt809)

(4)REQUISITES

WITNESSESQWhatarethequalificationsofwitnessesAWitnessestoawillmustbeS18ͲABCD

1 OfSoundmind2 Atleast18yearsofage3 Abletoreadandwrite4 NotBlinddeafordumb5 Not have been Convicted by final

judgmentoffalsificationofadocumentperjuryorfalsetestimony

6 DomiciledinthePhilippinesQWill thebeneficial interestofawitness inawilldisqualifyhimassuchA Beneficial interest in a notarialwill does notdisqualify one as a subscribing witness but itmayormaynotnullifythedeviseorlegacygiventothesaidwitnessAwitnesswhoatteststheexecutionofawillandtowhomortowhosespouseparentorchildoranyoneclaimingtherightofsaidwitnessspouseparentorchildadeviseor legacygivenshallbevoid unless there are 3 other competentwitnessestosuchwill(Art823NCC)Note If the witness is instituted as heir not asdevisee or legatee the rule would still applybecauseundue influenceorpressureonthepartoftheattestingwitnesswouldstillbepresentCreditorsofthetestatorarenotdisqualifiedtobeawitnesstothewillQSteviewasbornblindHewenttoschool forthe blind and learned to read in BraillelanguageHespeaksEnglishfluentlyCanhe1MakeawillASteviemaymakeanotarialwillAblindmanisnotexpresslyprohibitedfromexecutingawill Infact Art 808 of NCC provides for additionalformality when the testator is blind Steviehowever may not make a holographic will inBraille because the writing in Braille is not ahandwritingAholographicwill tobe validmustbe entirely written signed and dated by thetestatorinhisownhandwriting


2ActasawitnesstoawillA A blind man is disqualified by law to be awitnesstoanotarialwill3 In either of the instancesmust thewill bereadtohimAIncaseStevieexecutesanotarialwillithastobe read to him twice First by one of theinstrumentalwitnessesandsecondbythenotarypublicbeforewhom thewillwasacknowledged(2008BarQuestion)

ʹͻͲ CIVILLAWTEAMADVISERATTYELMERTRABUYASUBJECTHEADALFREDOBDIMAFELIXIIASSTSUBJECTHEADSKARENFELIZGSUPNADLAMBERTOLSANTOSIIIMEMBERSPAULELBERTEAMONALSTONANARNAOZANJFULLEROSCECILIOMJIMENOJRISMAELSARANGAYAJRCONTRIBUTORSLOISERAEGNAVALMONICAJUCOM

DHOLOGRAPHICWILLS

(1)REQUIREMENTS

QWhatisaholographicwillA A holographic will is one entirely writtendated and signed by the hand of the testatorhimselfItissubjecttonootherformandmaybemade inoroutof thePhilippinesandneednotbewitnessed(Art810)Q What are the formalities required in theexecutionofholographicwillASEED

1 Signedbytestatorhimself2 Executedinalanguageordialectknown

tohim(Art804)3 Entirelywritten4 Dated5 Note In case of any insertion

cancellation erasure or alteration in aholographic will the testator mustauthenticate the same by his fullsignature(Art814)

Q What are the effects of insertions orinterpolationsmadebya3rdpersonA

GRWhenanumberoferasurescorrectionscancellation or insertions are made by thetestator in the will but the same have notbeen noted or authenticated with his fullsignature only the particular words erasedcorrectedalteredwillbe invalidatednottheentiretyofthewillXPN1 Where the change affects the essence

ofthewillofthetestator

NoteWhentheholographicwillhadonlyone substantial provision which wasaltered by substituting the original heirwithanotherandthesamedidnotcarrytherequisitefullsignatureofthetestatorthe entirety of the will is voided orrevokedReasonWhatwas cancelled herewasthe very essence of the will itamountedtotherevocationofthewillThereforeneither the altered textnortheoriginalunalteredtextcanbegiveneffect (Kalaw v Relova GR No LͲ40207Sept281984)

2 Wherethealterationaffectsthedateofthewillorthesignatureofthetestator

3 If the words written by a 3rd personwere contemporaneous with theexecution of the will even thoughauthenticated by the testator theentire will is void for violation of therequisitethattheholographicwillmustbe entirely in the testatorrsquoshandwriting

QNatividadrsquosholographicwillwhichhadonlyone substantial provision as first writtennamed Rosa as her sole heir However whenGregorio presented it for probate it alreadycontained an alteration naming Gregorioinstead of Rosa as sole heir but withoutauthentication by Natividadrsquos signature Rosaopposestheprobateallegingsuchlackofproperauthentication She claims that the unalteredformof thewill shouldbe giveneffectWhoseclaimshouldbegrantedANoneBoth their claims shouldbedeniedAsto Gregoriorsquos claim the absence of properauthentication is fatal tohis causeAs toRosarsquosclaimtostatethatthewillasfirstwrittenshouldbe given efficacy is to disregard the seemingchangeofmindof the testatrixBut thatchangeofmindcanneitherbegiveneffectbecause shefailed to authenticate it in themanner requiredby law by affixing her full signature (Kalaw vHonRelovaetcetalGRNoL40207Sept281984)

DATEQ Why is the date in a holographic willimportantAToestablishiftherewastestamentarycapacityat the time thewillwas executed Also should

SUCCESSION

there be conflictingwills it can establishwhichwillwasexecutedlaterQ Is itrequiredthatthedateofthewillshouldinclude the day month and year of itsexecutionA

GR The date in a holographicwill shouldinclude the day month and year of itsexecutionXPNWhen there isnoappearanceof fraudbad faith undue influence and pressure andtheauthenticityof thewill isestablishedandthe only issue is whether or not the dateappearing on the holographic will is a validcompliancewithArt810NCCprobateoftheholographicwillshouldbeallowedunder theprincipleofsubstantialcompliance

ʹͻͳUNIVERSITYOFSANTOTOMASF a c u l t a d d e D e r e c h o C i v i l


NoteInthiscasethedatewaswrittenasFEB61(Roxas v De Jesus GR No LͲ38338 January 281985)Theexactdatethoughindicatedonlybyimplicationmustbewithcertainty

(2)WITNESSESREQUIREDFORPROBATEQWhatare the rulesgoverning theprobateofholographicwillsA In the post mortem probate of holographicwillsthefollowingrulesaretobeobservedastothenumberofwitnessestobepresented

1 If thewill is not contested it shall benecessarythatatleastonewitnesswhoknowsthehandwritingandsignatureofthe testatorexplicitlydeclares that thewill and the signature are in thehandwritingofthetestator

2 Ifthewill iscontestedatleastthreeofsuchwitnessesshallberequired

3 In the absence of any competentwitness and if the court deems itnecessary expert testimony may beresortedto(Art811RabuyaCivilLawReviewerp563)

Note Inanearlier case itwasheld thateven ifthegenuinenessoftheholographicwilliscontestedArticle811of theNCC cannotbe interpretedas torequire the compulsory presentation of threewitnessestoidentifythehandwritingofthetestatorunderpenaltyofhavingtheprobatedenied(CodoyvCalugay312SCRA333idpp563Ͳ564)

In a later case however the Court ruled that therequirementofat least threewitnesses in case thewill is contested ismandatoryTheCourtexplainedthat the possibility of a false document beingadjudged as the will of the testator cannot beeliminatedwhich iswhy if the holographic will iscontested the law requires three witnesses todeclare that thewillwas in thehandwritingof thedeceased(idp564)The execution and contents of a lost or destroyedholographic will may not be proved by the baretestimonyofwitnesseswhohaveseenorreadsuchwillThewill itselfmustbepresentedotherwise itshallproducenoeffect (Gan vYap104Phil509id) But a photostatic copy or Xerox copy of theholographic will may be allowed becausecomparisoncanbemadewiththestandardwritingsofthetestator(RodelasvAranza119SCRA16id)

ALTERATIONSREQUIREMENTSQ What are the rules in case of insertioncancellationerasureoralterationA In case of insertion cancellation erasure oralterationinaholographicwillthetestatormustauthenticate thesamebyhis fullsignature (Art814)Note Full signature refers to the testatorrsquoshabitualusualandcustomarysignature(RabuyaCivilLawReviewerp565)Q What is the effect if the insertioncancellation erasure or alteration is notauthenticatedwiththetestatorrsquosfullsignatureAItisconsideredasnotmadebutthewillisnotinvalidated(id)NoteWherethetestatorhimselfcrossedoutthename of the heir named and substituted thenameofanotherwithoutauthentication itwasheldthatthisdidnotresultinmakingthepersonwhose name was crossed as heir (Kalaw vRelova132SCRA237id)

EJOINTWILLSQArejointwillsallowedinthePhilippinesA Two or more persons cannot make a willjointlyorinthesameinstrumenteitherfortheirreciprocal benefit or for the benefit of a thirdperson(Art818)Wills prohibited by Article 818 executed byFilipinos inaforeigncountryshallnotbevalid inthe Philippines even though authorized by the


laws of the countrywhere theymay have beenexecuted(Art819)QWhatarethekindsofjointwillsA

1 MutualWillsndashexecutedpursuanttoanagreement between two or morepersonstodisposeoftheirpropertyinaparticular manner each inconsideration of the other separatewills of two persons which arereciprocalintheirprovisions

2 Reciprocal Wills ndash the testators nameeach other as beneficiaries undersimilartestamentaryplans

QManuel a F ilipino and his American wifeEleanor executed a Joint Will in BostonMassachusettswhen theywere residing in saidcity The law of Massachusetts allows theexecution of joint wills Shortly thereafterEleanor died Can the saidwill be probated inthePhilippinesforthesettlementofherestateAYesthewillmaybeprobatedinthePhilippinesinsofar as the estate of Eleanor is concernedWhile the Civil Code prohibits the execution ofjoint wills here and abroad such prohibitionapplies only to Filipinos Hence the joint willwhich is valid where executed is valid in thePhilippines but only with respect to EleanorUnder Article 819 it is void with respect toManuel whose joint will remains void in thePhilippinesdespitebeingvalidwhereexecuted

ʹͻʹ CIVILLAWTEAMADVISERATTYELMERTRABUYASUBJECTHEADALFREDOBDIMAFELIXIIASSTSUBJECTHEADSKARENFELIZGSUPNADLAMBERTOLSANTOSIIIMEMBERSPAULELBERTEAMONALSTONANARNAOZANJFULLEROSCECILIOMJIMENOJRISMAELSARANGAYAJRCONTRIBUTORSLOISERAEGNAVALMONICAJUCOM

AlternativeAnswerThewillcannotbeprobatedin the Philippines even though valid whereexecuted because it is prohibited under Article818 of the Civil Code and declared void underArticle819Theprohibitionshouldapplyeventothe American wife because the Joint will isoffensivetopublicpolicyMoreover it isasinglejuridical act which cannot be valid as to onetestator and void as to the other (2000 BarQuestion)JohnandPaulaBritishcitizensatbirthacquiredPhilippine citizenship by naturalization aftertheirmarriageDuringtheirmarriagethecoupleacquiredsubstantiallandholdingsinLondonandinMakatiPaulaboreJohnthreechildrenPeterPaulandMary Inoneof their trips to Londonthecoupleexecutedajointwillappointingeachotherastheirheirsandprovidingthatuponthedeathof the survivorbetween them theentireestatewouldgo toPeterandPaulonlybut thetwocouldnotdisposeofnordividetheLondon

estate as long s they live John and Pauladiedtragically in theLondonSubway terroristattackin 2005 Peter and Paul filed a petition forprobate of their parentsrsquo will before aMakatiRegionalTrialCourtQShouldthewillbeadmittedtoprobateA No thewill cannot be admitted to probateJointwillsarevoidundertheNewCivilCodeAndevenifthejointwillexecutedbyFilipinosabroadwerevalidwhereitwasexecutedthejointwillisstillnotvalidinthePhilippinesQArethetestamentarydispositionsvalidA If awill is void all testamentary dispositionscontained in that will are also void Hence alltestamentary provisions contained in the voidjointwillarealsovoidQ Is the testamentary prohibition against thedivisionoftheLondonestatevalidA The testamentary prohibition against thedivisionbyPeter andPaul of the London estatefor as long as they live isnot validArt 494 ofNCC provides that a donor or testator mayprohibit partition for a period which may notexceedtwenty(20)years(2008BarQuestion)

4CODICILSDEFINITIONANDFORMALREQUIREMENTS

QWhatisacodicilAAcodicil isasupplementoradditiontoawillmadeaftertheexecutionofawillandannexedtobetakenaspartthereofbywhichanydispositionmadeintheoriginalwillisexplainedaddedtooraltered(Art825)NoteAcodicil isexecutedafter theexecutionofapriorwillIt must be executed in accordance with all theformalitiesrequiredinexecutingawill

SUCCESSION

QWhatarethedistinctionsbetweenacodicilandasubsequentwillA

ʹͻ͵UNIVERSITYOFSANTOTOMASF a c u l t a d d e D e r e c h o C i v i l


CODICIL SUBSEQUENTWILL

Formsapartoftheoriginalwill

Itisaneworaseparatewill

Supplementstheoriginalwill

explainingaddingtooralteringanyofits

dispositions

Makesdispositionswithoutreferencetoand

independentoftheoriginalwill

Doesnotasarulerevokeentirelythe

priorwill

Ifitprovidesforafulldispositionofthe

testatorrsquosestatemayrevokethewholeprior

willbysubstitutinganewandlastdispositionfor

thesame

Awillandacodicilbeingregardedasasingleinstrumentare

tobeconstruedtogether

Apriorwillandasubsequentwillbeingtwoseparatewillsmay

beconstruedindependentlyofeach

other

5INCORPORATIONBYREFERENCEQWhatisincorporationbyreferenceAIncorporationbyreferenceistheincorporationofanextrinsicdocumentorpaper intoawillbyreferencesoastobecomeapartthereofNoteThedocumentsorpapersincorporatedwillbe considered part of thewill even though thesamearenotexecutedintheformofawillThedoctrineof incorporationbyreference isnotapplicable in a holographic will unless thedocuments or papers incorporated by referencearealsointhehandwritingofthetestatorQWhat are the requisites of incorporation byreferenceAEDIS

1 Document referred to in thewillmustbe in Existence at the time of theexecutionofthewill

2 The will must clearly Describe andidentifythesame

3 It must be Identified by clear andsatisfactory proof as the document orpaperreferredtotherein

4 Itmust be Signed by the testator andthewitnessesoneachandeverypageexcept in case of voluminous books ofaccountorinventories(Art827)

6REVOCATIONKINDS

QWhatisrevocationAAn act of themind terminating the potentialcapacityofthewilltooperateatthedeathofthetestatormanifestedbysomeoutwardandvisibleactorsignsymbolicthereofQWhenmaythetestatorrevokeawillAAwillmayberevokedbythetestatoratanytimebeforehisdeathAnywaiverorrestrictionofthisrightisvoid(Art828)QMaytherightofthetestatortorevokethewillbewaivedorrestrictedANothetestatorrsquosrighttorevokeduringhislifetimeisabsoluteItcanneitherbewaivednorrestrictedReasonBecauseawillisambulatory(Art828)QWhatlawgovernsincaseofrevocationA

1 If the revocation takes place in thePhilippines whether the testator isdomiciled in thePhilippinesor insomeothercountryndashPhilippinelaws

2 IftherevocationtakesplaceoutsidethePhilippinesa by a testatorwho is domiciled in

thePhilippinesndashPhilippinelawsb byatestatorwho isnotdomiciled

inthiscountryndashi Laws of the placewhere the

willwasmadeorii Lawsoftheplaceinwhichthe

testator had his domicile atthe time of revocation (Art829)

QWhatarethemodesofrevokingawillA

1 Byimplicationoflaw2 By the execution of a subsequent

document3 By physical destruction through

burning cancelation or obliteration(Art830)


REVOCATIONBYIMPLICATIONOFLAWQDiscussrevocationbyimplicationoflawARevocation is produced by implication of lawwhencertainactsoreventstakeplaceafterawillhasbeenmade renderingvoidoruselesseitherthe whole will or certain testamentarydispositionsthereinRationaleThelawpresumesachangeofmindonthe part of the testator due to certain changedcircumstancepertainingtothefamilyrelationsorinthestatusofthepropertyQHowarewillsrevokedbyoperationoflawA

1 When after the testator has made awill he sells or donates the legacy ordevise

2 Provisions inawill in favorofaspousewho has given cause for legalseparationNoteThe revocation shall takeplace themoment thedecreeof legalseparation isgranted

3 When an heir legatee or deviseecommitsanactofunworthiness

4 Whenacreditthathasbeengivenasalegacy is judicially demanded by thetestator

5 Whenonesomeorall thecompulsoryheirshavebeenpreteritedoromittedNoteTheinstitutionofheirsisvoid

REVOCATIONBYEXECUTIONOFASUBSEQUENT

INSTRUMENTQ What are the requisites of revocation bysubsequentwillorcodicilA

1 The subsequent instrument mustcomplywiththeformalrequirementsofawill

2 Thetestatormustpossesstestamentarycapacity

3 Thesubsequentinstrumentmusteithercontain a revocatory clause or beincompatiblewith thepriorwill (totallyorpartially)

4 The revokingwillmust be admitted toprobate

ʹͻͶ

Note The testator must have the testamentarycapacityatthetimeofthemakingofthesubsequentwill

QInwhatwaysmayrevocationbyasubsequentwillbedoneARevocationmaybe

a Expressndashbyproviding fora revocatoryclause

b Implied ndash provisions are completelyinconsistentwithpreviouswill

NoteThewillcontainingtherevocatoryclausemustitselfbevalidandadmitted toprobateotherwisethereisnorevocationQWhatisthePrincipleofInstanterATheexpressrevocationofthe1stwillrendersitvoidbecausetherevocatoryclauseofthe2ndwillnotbeing testamentary incharacteroperates torevokethe1stwillinstantlyupontheexecutionofthewillcontainingitQCantherebeaninstancewhereasubsequentwillwhich is incompatiblewith the priorwillandsuchpriorwillsubsistatthesametimeA Yes The fact that the subsequent will isposteriorandincompatiblewiththefirstdoesnotmean that the first is entirely revoked becausetherevocationmaybetotalorpartialNote Theexecutionof a subsequentwilldoesnotipsofactorevokeapriorwillIn case of inconsistent wills the subsequent willprevails over the priorwill because it is the latestexpressionoftestamentaryintentofthetestatorThe subsequent will which do not revoke thepreviouswill inanexpressmanneronlyannulsthedispositions in the previous will which areinconsistentwithor contrary to those contained inthesubsequentwill(Art831)Q What is the effect if the revoking willbecomes inoperativeby reasonof incapacityorrenunciationAA revocationmade in a subsequentwill shalltake effect even if the newwill should becomeinoperative by reason of the incapacity of theheirsdeviseesor legateesdesignatedthereinorbytheirrenunciation(Art832)


SUCCESSION

REVOCATIONBYPHYSICALDESTRUCTIONQ What are the requisites of revocation byphysicalactofdestructionAOTAP

1 Overtactofphysicaldestruction2 Testamentarycapacityofthetestatorat

the time of performing the act ofrevocation

3 AnimusRevocandiͲintentiontorevoke4 Performedby testatorhimselforother

person in the presence and expressdirectionofthetestator

NoteThephysicaldestructionmaybedoneby thetestatorpersonallyorbyanotherpersonactinginhispresenceandbyhisexpressdirectionItisnotnecessarythatthewillbetotallydestroyedIt is sufficient if on the face of the will there isshownsomesignof thephysicalactofdestruction(MalotovCAGRNo76464Feb291988)Q How can a will be revoked by physicaldestructionA The physical act of destruction of awill likeburning does not per se constitute an effectiverevocationunlessthedestructioniscoupledwithanimus revocandi on the part of the testator(MalotovCAGRNo76464Feb291988)QWhat is required fora revocationdonebyapersonotherthanthetestatorbevalidA

1 Under the express direction of thetestatorand

2 DoneinthepresenceofthetestatorNote Elements for a valid revocation done by thetestator himself must be present even if therevocationisdonebyanotherpersonItgoeswithoutsayingthatthedocumentdestroyedmustbethewillitselfQWhat is the effect if thepersondirectedbythetestatortorevokehiswillisincapacitatedtomakeawillsuchaswhenheisbelow18yearsofageANoneInrevocationofwillswhatisessentialisthe capacity of the testator to revoke Thecapacityofthepersondirectedbythetestatortorevokehiswillisimmaterial

ʹͻͷ

Q In 1919Miguelexecuted awill In thepostmortemprobate therewasa testimony to theeffect that the will was in the testatorrsquos

possession in 1919 but it can no longer befoundIsthewillrevokedA Yes the Doctrine of Presumed Revocationapplieswhichprovides thatwhereawillwhichcannot be found is shown to have been in thepossession of the testator when last seen thepresumption is in the absence of othercompetentevidencethatthesamewascancelledor destroyed The same presumption ariseswhere it is shown that the testator had readyaccesstothewillanditcannotbefoundafterhisdeath(GagovMamuyacGRNo26317Jan291927)NoteThepresumptionishowevernotconclusiveandanyonewhohasprooftothecontrarymayrebutthepresumptionQWhatistheDoctrineofDependentRelativeRevocationA Where the testatorrsquos act of destruction isconnectedwiththemakingofanotherwillsoasfairly to raise the inference that the testatormeanttherevocationoftheoldtodependupontheefficacyofthenewdispositionintendedtobesubstituted the revocation will be conditionaland dependent upon the efficacy of the newdisposition and if for any reason the newwillintended to be made as a substitute isinoperative the revocation fails and theoriginalwillremains infullforce(MolovMoloGRNoLͲ2538Sept211951)Simply put for this doctrine to operate thetestatormusthave intended that the revocationofhisfirstwillbedependentonthevalidityofhissecond will In this case the intention of thetestator is clear He does not want to dieintestateNote Failure of the new testamentary dispositionupon whose validity the revocation depends isequivalent to the nonͲfulfillment of a suspensivecondition and thus prevents the revocation of theoriginalwillRevocationofawillbasedonafalsecauseoranillegalcauseisnullandvoidQMrReyesexecutedawillcompletelyvalidasto form A week later however he executedanother will which expressly revoked his firstwillwhichhe torehis firstwill topiecesUponthe death of Mr Reyes his second will waspresented for probate by his heirs but itwasdenied due to formal defectsAssuming that acopyofthe firstwill isavailablemay itnowbeadmittedtoprobateandgiveneffectWhy




AYes the firstwillmaybeadmitted toprobateandgiveneffectWhenthetestatortorethefirstwill hewas under themistaken belief that thesecondwillwasperfectlyvalidandhewouldnothavedestroyed the firstwillhadhe known thatthe second will is not valid The revocation bydestructionthereforeisdependentonthevalidityof the secondwill Since it turned out that thesecondwillwasinvalidthetearingofthefirstwilldidnotproduce theeffectof revocationThis isknown as the doctrine of dependent relativerevocation (MolovMoloGRNo LͲ2538Sept211951)(2003BarQuestion)AlternativeAnswerNo the firstwill cannot beadmittedtoprobateWhileitistruethatthefirstwillwas successfully revoked by the secondwillbecausethesecondwillwaslaterdeniedprobatethefirstwillwasneverthelessrevokedwhenthetestator destroyed it after executing the secondinvalidwill(DiazvDeLeonGRNo17714May311922)QWhat is the rule incaseof revocationbasedonfalseorillegalcauseARevocationbasedona falseor illegalcause isnullandvoidRequisites

1 Thecausemustbeconcretefactualandnotpurelysubjective

2 Itmustbefalse3 Thetestatormustnotknowofitsfalsity4 Itmust appear from the will that the

testator is revoking because of thecausewhichisfalse

Q Thewill contains a statementwhereby thetestatorrecognizeshisillegitimatechildThiswillwas revokedMay the revokedwillbeused asbasisforprovingthesaidrecognitionAYesRecognitioninawillofanillegitimatechilddoes not lose its legal effect even if thewill isrevoked

ʹͻ CIVILLAWTEAMADVISERATTYELMERTRABUYASUBJECTHEADALFREDOBDIMAFELIXIIASSTSUBJECTHEADSKARENFELIZGSUPNADLAMBERTOLSANTOSIIIMEMBERSPAULELBERTEAMONALSTONANARNAOZANJFULLEROSCECILIOMJIMENOJRISMAELSARANGAYAJRCONTRIBUTORSLOISERAEGNAVALMONICAJUCOM

7ALLOWANCEANDDISALLOWANCEOFWILLS

APROBATEREQUIREMENT

QWhatisprobateAItisaspecialproceedingmandatorilyrequiredfor the purpose of establishing the validity of awill

NowillshallpasseitherrealorpersonalpropertyunlessitisprovedandallowedinaccordancewiththeRulesofCourt(Art838)Note Probate does not deal with the intrinsicvalidityofthetestamentaryprovisionsEvenifonlyoneheirhasbeeninstitutedtheremuststillbeajudicialorderofadjudicationEvenifawillhasalreadybeenprobatediflateronasubsequentwill isdiscoveredthe lattermaystillbepresented forprobate as long as twowills canbereconciledQDoesprescriptionapplytoprobateofwillsAThe statuteof limitations isnotapplicable toprobateofwills(ImprescriptibilityofProbate)Rationale Probateproceedings arenot establishedintheinterestofthesurvivingheirsbutprimarilyforthe protection of the expressed wishes of thetestatorQ What are the characteristics of a probateproceedingA

1 Specialproceeding2 Proceedinginrem3 Notcontentiouslitigation4 Mandatory5 Imprescriptible

QWhatarethedifferentkindsofprobateA

1 AnteͲmortem ndash testator himselfpetitions the court for the probate ofhisownwill

2 PostͲmortem ndash another person appliesfor probate of the will after thetestatorrsquosdeath

(1)ISSUESTOBERESOLVEDINPROBATEPROCEEDINGS

(A)EXCEPTIONSndashWHENPRACTICAL

CONSIDERATIONSDEMANDTHEINTRINSICVALIDITYOFTHEWILL

BERESOLVEDQ What are the questions that can bedeterminedbyaprobatecourtA

GR Probate courts cannot inquire into theintrinsicvalidityofwillTheonlyquestionsthatcanbedeterminedbyaprobatecourtarethe

SUCCESSION

1 Dueexecution2 Testamentarycapacity3 Identityofthewill

XPNPracticalconsiderations(Egwhenthewillisvoidonitsface)

QThetestatordevisedapartofhisestatetohisconcubinewhichfactofconcubinagewasstatedinhiswillOnprobate thecourt ruled that thewillwasvalidlyexecutedbutthedeviseinfavorof the concubine is null and void Can theprobatecourtpassuponthe intrinsicvalidityofthetestamentaryprovisionstatedinthewillA Yes While as a general rule in probateproceedingsthecourtrsquosareaof inquiry is limitedtoanexaminationandresolutionoftheextrinsicvalidity of the will given exceptionalcircumstancestheprobatecourtisnotpowerlesstodowhat the situation constrains it todoandpassuponcertainprovisionsofthewillasinthiscase(NepomucenovCAGRNo62952Oct91985)NoteTheSCheldasbasis itrsquosfindingthat intheeventofprobateofthewillorifthecourtrejectsthewillprobabilityexiststhatthecasewillcomeuponceagainon the same issueof the intrinsicvalidityornullityof thewill thesamewill resultin waste of time effort expense plus addedanxietyQCanaprobatecourtdecideonquestionsofownershipA

GRAprobatecourthasnojurisdictiontodecidequestionsofownershipXPN1 When thepartiesvoluntary submit the

issueofownershiptothecourt2 When provisionally the ownership is

passed upon to determinewhether ornottheproperty involved ispartoftheestate

3 The question of ownership is anextraneous matter which the probatecourtcannotresolvewithfinality

ʹͻ

Q When Vic died he was survived by hislegitimate son Ernesto and natural daughterRosario Rosario who had Vicrsquos will in hercustody did not present the will for probateSheinstitutedanactionagainstErnestotoclaimherlegitimeonthetheorythatVicdiedintestatebecausetheabsenceofprobateTosupporther

claim she presented Vicrsquos will not for itsprobatebut forproving thatVicacknowledgedher Is the procedure adopted by RosarioallowedANo It is inviolationofprocedural lawandanattempttocircumventanddisregardthe lastwillandtestamentofthedecedentThepresentationofawilltothecourtforprobateismandatoryandits allowance by the court is essential andindispensabletoitsefficacyNote SC held that the case of Leantildeo v Leantildeo (25Phil 180) which sanctioned the extrajudicialpartition by the heirs of the properties left by adecedentbutnotthenonͲpresentationofawillforprobate cannotbe reliedupon as an authority forthe unprecedented and unheard of procedureadopted by Rosario in this case in the face ofexpressmandatory provisions of the law requiringher topresent thewill to the court forprobate Itdoesnotaffirmativelyappear inthedecisioninthatcasethatthepartitionmadebytheheirswasnotinaccordance with the will or that they in any waydisregarded thewillNoquestionof lawwas raisedanddecided in thatcase (GuevaravGuevaraGRNo48840Dec291943)Q To put an end to the numerous litigationsinvolving decedent Franciscorsquos estate his heirsentered intoacompromiseagreementwherebytheyagreedtopayTasianaFranciscorsquossurvivingspouse P800000 as her full share in thehereditaryestateWhen submitted to the court for approvalTasianaattacked itsvalidityon theground thatthe heirs cannot enter into a compromiseagreement without first probating Franciscorsquoswill Tasiana relied onGuevara vGuevara (74Phil 479) where the court held that thepresentationofawill forprobate ismandatoryand that the settlement and distribution of anestate on the basis of intestacy when thedecedentleftawillisagainstthelawandpublicpolicyDecideATheGuevararulingisnotapplicableinthiscasebecausehere therewasnoattempt to settleordistribute theestateamong theheirsbefore theprobate of the will The clear object of thecontractwasmerelyTasianarsquosconveyanceofanyandallherindividualshareandinterestactualoreventual in theestateThere isnostipulationastoanyotherclaimantcreditororlegateeAs a hereditary share in a decedents estate istransmitted or vested immediately from themoment of the death of such causante or




predecessor in interestthere isno legalbartoasuccessor (with requisite contracting capacity)disposing of her or his hereditary shareimmediately after suchdeath even if theactualextent of such share is not determined until thesubsequentliquidationoftheestateAlsoasFranciscorsquossurvivingspouseTasianawashis compulsory heir Wherefore barringunworthiness or valid disinheritance hersuccessional interest existed independent ofFranciscos last will and testament and wouldexist even if suchwillwere not probated at allThus the prerequisite of a previous probate ofthe will as established in the Guevara andanalogouscasescannotapplytothecaseNoteNeitherthealeatorycharacterofthecontractnor the coetaneous agreement that the numerouslitigationsbetweenthepartiesaretobeconsideredsettled and should be dismissed although suchstipulation gives the contract the character of acompromise affect the validity of the transaction(DeBorjaetalvVdadeBorjaGRNo LͲ28040Aug181972)QWhenapersondiestestatemayhisheirsoptfor an extrajudicial partition instead of havingthewillprobatedANo In the subsequent caseofRiosavRocha(1926) 48 Phil 737 the Court held that anextrajudicial partition is not proper in testatesuccession

ʹͻͺ CIVILLAWTEAMADVISERATTYELMERTRABUYASUBJECTHEADALFREDOBDIMAFELIXIIASSTSUBJECTHEADSKARENFELIZGSUPNADLAMBERTOLSANTOSIIIMEMBERSPAULELBERTEAMONALSTONANARNAOZANJFULLEROSCECILIOMJIMENOJRISMAELSARANGAYAJRCONTRIBUTORSLOISERAEGNAVALMONICAJUCOM

(2)EFFECTOFFINALDECREEOFPROBATERESJUDICATAONFORMALVALIDITY

Q What is the scope of a final decree ofprobateAAfinaldecreeofprobateisconclusiveastothedueexecutionof thewill ieas to theextrinsicorformalvalidityonly

BGROUNDSFORDENYINGPROBATEQWhat are the grounds fordisallowanceof awillAFIFUSM

1 TheFormalitiesrequiredbylawhavenotbeencompliedwith

2 ThetestatorwasInsaneormentallyincapableofmakingwill

3 ThewillwasexecutedthroughForceorunderduressorinfluenceoffearorthreats

4 ThewillwasprocuredbyUndueandimproperpressureandinfluenceonpartofthebeneficiaryorsomeotherperson

5 TheSignatureoftestatorwasprocuredbyfraud

6 ThetestatoractedbyMistakeordidnotintendthattheinstrumenthesignedshouldbehiswill(Art839NCC)

NoteThelistisexclusiveAwilliseithervalidorvoidThereisnosuchthingasavoidablewillQWhendothefollowingconstituteasgroundsfordisallowance1 Violence

Awheninordertocompelthetestatortoexecuteawillseriousorirresistibleforceisemployed

2 Intimidation

AwhenthetestatoriscompelledbyareasonableandwellͲgroundedfearofanimminentandgraveeviluponhispersonorpropertyofhisspousedescendantsorascendantstoexecutethewill

3 UndueInfluenceAwhenapersontakesimproperadvantageofhispoweroverthewillofanotherdeprivingthelatterofareasonablefreedomofchoice

4 Mistake

APertainstotheldquomistakeinexecutionrdquowhichmayeitherbe1 mistake as to the identityor character

oftheinstrumentwhichhesignedor2 mistake as to the contents of thewill

itselfQWhat other defects of the will if any cancausedenialofprobateATherearenootherdefectsofthewillthatcancausedenialofprobateArt805oftheCivilCodeprovides that thewillmustbe subscribedat theend thereof by the testator and subscribed bythreeormorecrediblewitnesses inthepresenceofthetestatorandofoneanotherThedriverthecook and the lawyerwho prepared thewill arecredible witnesses The testator and theinstrumentalwitnessesofthewillshallalsosigneachandeverypageofthewillproperexceptthelastontheleftmarginandallthepagesshallbenumbered correlatively in letters placed of theupperpartofeachpageIt has been held however that the testatorrsquossignature is not necessary in the attestationclause and that if awill consists of two sheetsthe first of which contains the testamentarydispositions and is signed at thebottomby the

SUCCESSION

testatorandthethreewitnessesandthesecondsheet contains the attestation clause as in thiscase signedby3witnessesmarginal signaturesandpagingarenotnecessaryAfteralltheobjectof the law is to avoid substitutionof anyof thesheetsofthewill (AbanganvAbangan40Phil476 [1919] InReWillofTanDiuco45Phil807[1924])

ʹͻͻUNIVERSITYOFSANTOTOMASF a c u l t a d d e D e r e c h o C i v i l


BINSTITUTIONOFHEIRSQ How is institution of heir defined underArticle840AInstitutionofheirisanactbyvirtueofwhichatestator designates in his will the person orpersonswhoare to succeedhim inhispropertyandtransmissiblerightsandobligations(Art840NCC)NoteInstitutioncannotbeallowedtoaffectthelegitimeTherecanbeaninstitutedheironlyintestamentarysuccessionQWhataretherequisitesofavalidinstitutionA

1 ThewillmustbeextrinsicallyvalidNote The testator must have thetestamentary capacity to make theinstitution

2 The institution must be intrinsicallyvalidNote The legitime must not beimpairedthepersoninstitutedmustbeidentifiedoridentifiableandthereisnopreterition

3 TheinstitutionmustbeeffectiveNote No repudiation by the heirtestatorisnotpredeceasedbytheheir

QWhataretheeffectsifawilldoesnotcontainaninstitutionofheirAThewillshallbevalideventhough itdoesnotcontainan institutionofheiror such institutionshouldnot comprise theentireestateandeventhoughthepersonsoinstitutedshouldnotacceptthe inheritance or should be incapacitated tosucceed(Art841)NoteInstitutionofheirsisnotindispensableanditsabsencewillnotrenderthewillvoidprovidedthereareothertestamentarydispositionslikedevisesand

legacies or where the will merely disinherits acompulsoryheirQ What are the three principles in theinstitutionofheirsA

1 Equality ndash heirs who are institutedwithoutadesignationof shares inheritinequalpartsNoteAppliesonlywhen theheirsareofthesameclassorsame juridicalconditionandinvolvesonlythefreeportionAs between a compulsory heir and avoluntary heir and they are institutedwithout any designation of shares thelegitimemust first be respected and thefreeportionshall thenbeequallydividedbetweenthem

2 Individuality ndash heirs collectivelyinstituted are deemed individuallyinstituted unless contrary intent isproven

3 Simultaneity ndash when several heirs areinstituted they are institutedsimultaneously and not successivelyunlessthecontraryisproved

QWhatarethekindsofinstitutionofheirsAInstitutionofheirmaybe

1 withacondition2 withaterm3 for a certain purpose or cause (modal

institution)Q May a conceived child be instituted as anheirAAconceivedchildmaybeinstitutedprovidedtheconditionsinArts40and41arepresent(Conceptuspronatohabetur)QWhat is theeffect if the institutionofheir isbasedonafalsecauseA

GR The institution of heir is valid The falsecause shall be considered simply as notwrittenXPNIffromthewillitselfitappearsthatthetestatorwouldnothavemadethe institutionifhehas known the falsityof the cause theinstitutionshallbevoid


Note In case of illegal cause the cause shall beconsideredasnotwrittenunlessthe illegalcause istheprincipalreasonormotiveforthedispositioninwhichcasetheinstitutionshallbevoidQThe testatrixdevisedaparcelof land toDrRabadillaItwasprovidedthatDrRabadillawillacquire the property subject to the obligationuntilhedies togiveMaria100piculsof sugarandintheeventofnonͲfulfillmentthepropertywill pass to the nearest descendants of thetestatrix

͵ͲͲ CIVILLAWTEAMADVISERATTYELMERTRABUYASUBJECTHEADALFREDOBDIMAFELIXIIASSTSUBJECTHEADSKARENFELIZGSUPNADLAMBERTOLSANTOSIIIMEMBERSPAULELBERTEAMONALSTONANARNAOZANJFULLEROSCECILIOMJIMENOJRISMAELSARANGAYAJRCONTRIBUTORSLOISERAEGNAVALMONICAJUCOM

WhenDrRabadilladiedMariafiledacomplainttoreconveythelandallegingthattheheirsofDrRabadilla violated the condition Is theinstitutionofDrRabadillaamodalinstitutionA Yes because it imposes a charge upon theinstituted heir without however affecting theefficacyofsuchinstitutionIn a modal institution the testator states theobject of the institution the purpose orapplicationofthepropertyleftbythetestatororthechargeimposedbythetestatorupontheheirAmode imposes an obligation upon the heir orlegateebut itdoesnotaffect theefficacyofhisrights to the successionThe condition suspendsbutdoesnotobligateandthemodeobligatesbutdoes not suspend (Rabadilla v CA GR No113725June292000)

1PRETERITION

QWhatispreteritionAPreterition is theomission in testatorrsquoswillofone some or all of the compulsory heirs in thedirectlinewhetherlivingatthetimeofexecutionofthewillorbornafterthedeathofthetestator(Art854)Q What does ldquoborn after the death of thetestatorrdquomeanA It simplymeans that the omitted heirmustalreadybeconceivedatthetimeofdeathofthetestatorbutwasbornonlyafterthedeathofthetestatorQWhataretherequisitesofpreteritionA

1 There is a total omission in theinheritance

2 Thepersonomittedisacompulsoryheirinthedirectline

3 The omitted compulsory heir mustsurvive the testator or in case thecompulsory heir predeceased thetestator there is a right ofrepresentation

4 Nothing must have been received bytheheirbygratuitoustitle

2CONCEPTQWhomaybepreteritedACompulsoryheirsinthedirectlineQMayaspousebepreteritedA No While a spouse is a compulsory heirheshe is not in the direct line (ascending ordescending)QMaythedecedentrsquosparentsbepreteritedA Yes if there is an absence of legitimatecompulsory heirs in the descending line This isthe effect of the application of the rule onpreferenceoflinesQ When is there a total omission of acompulsoryheirAThereistotalomissionwhentheheir

1 Receives nothing under the willwhetherasheirlegateeordeviseeNote If a compulsory heir is given ashareintheinheritancenomatterhowsmallthereisnopreteritionHowever ifacompulsoryheirgets lessthanhislegitimewhilethisisnotacaseofpreteritionInthiscaseheisentitledto a completion of his legitime underArt906

2 Has received nothing by way ofdonation intervivosorpropternuptiasandNote If a compulsoryheirhas alreadyreceived a donation from the testatorthereisnopreteritionReason A donation to a compulsoryheir is considered an advance of theinheritance

3 Willreceivenothingbywayofintestatesuccession

SUCCESSION

QWhataretheeffectsofpreteritionA

1 Preterition annuls the institution ofheirs

2 Devicesandlegaciesarevalidinsofarastheyarenotinofficious

3 If the omitted compulsory heir diesbefore testator institution shall beeffectualwithout prejudice to right ofrepresentation

͵ͲͳUNIVERSITYOFSANTOTOMASF a c u l t a d d e D e r e c h o C i v i l


3COMPULSORYHEIRSINTHEDIRECTLINEQWho are the compulsory heirs in the directlineA

1 Legitimate children and descendantswithrespecttotheir legitimateparentsorascendants

2 Legitimateparentsot ascendantswithrespect to their legitimatechildrenanddescendants

3 Illegitimatechildren4 The father or mother of illegitimate

childrenNoteThesurvivingspouseisnotincludedAccording to Justice Jurado an adopted child isbylegal fiction considered a compulsory heir in thedirectline4PRETERITIONVSDISPOSITIONLESSTHAN

LEGITIMEQ What are the distinctions and similaritiesbetween imperfect disinheritance andpreteritionA

IMPERFECTDISINHERITANCE

PRETERITION

DistinctionsTheinstitutionremains

validbutmustbereducedinsofarasthelegitimehasbeen

impaired

Theinstitutionofheirsiscompletelyannulled

SimilaritiesInbothcasestheomittedheirandtheimperfectly

disinheritedheirgetatleasttheirlegitimeBothlegaciesanddevisesremainvalidinsofarasthe

legitimehasnotbeenimpairedBothlegaciesanddevisesrefertocompulsoryheirs

5EFFECTSOFPRETERITIONDEVISEESONLYENTITLEDTOCOMPLETIONOFLEGITIME

QWhat is theeffectofpreteritionon thewillitselfA

GR Theeffectof annulling the institutionofheirs will be necessarily the opening of atotalintestacyexceptthatproperlegaciesanddevisesmust be respected Here thewill isnotabrogatedXPNIfthewillcontainsauniversalinstitutionof heirs to the entire inheritance of thetestatorthewillistotallyabrogatedReason The nullification of such institution ofthe universal heirs without any othertestamentarydispositioninthewillamountstoadeclarationthatnothingatallwaswritten

QWhataretherightsofthepreteritedheirsATheyareentitlednotonlytotheirsharesofthelegitime but also to those of the free portionwhich was not expressly disposed of by thetestatorbywayofdevisesandlegaciesQWhatistheeffectiftheheirpredeceasesthetestatorA If the heirwho predeceases the testator is avoluntary heir a devisee or a legatee he shalltransmitnorighttohisownheirsNote The rule is absolute with respect to avoluntaryheirandadeviseeorlegateeRight of representation only applies to compulsoryheirs in the direct descending line and in thecollateral lineonly in favorof childrenofbrothersandsistersThere isnorightofrepresentation intheascendinglineThe representative inherits directly not from theperson represented but from the one whom thepersonwouldhavesucceededThe rule also applies in case the heir becomesincapacitatedtosucceedorwasdisinheritedQWhat is the effect if the heir repudiated orrenouncedhisinheritanceA An heir who renounced his inheritancewhetherascompulsoryorasvoluntaryheirdoesnottransmitanyrighttohisownheirs


NoteAnheirwho repudiatedhis inheritancemayrepresent the person whose inheritance he hasrenounced(Art976)Q What can the compulsory heir do if thetestatorlefttitlelessthanthelegitimebelongingtotheformerAAnycompulsoryheirtowhomthetestatorhasleftbyanytitlelessthanthelegitimebelongingtohimmaydemandthatthesamebefullysatisfied(Art906)Note Testamentary dispositions that impair ordiminish the legitimeof the compulsoryheirs shallbereducedonpetitionofthesame insofarastheymaybeinofficiousorexcessive(Art907)

͵Ͳʹ CIVILLAWTEAMADVISERATTYELMERTRABUYASUBJECTHEADALFREDOBDIMAFELIXIIASSTSUBJECTHEADSKARENFELIZGSUPNADLAMBERTOLSANTOSIIIMEMBERSPAULELBERTEAMONALSTONANARNAOZANJFULLEROSCECILIOMJIMENOJRISMAELSARANGAYAJRCONTRIBUTORSLOISERAEGNAVALMONICAJUCOM

CSUBSTITUTIONOFHEIRS

1DEFINITIONQWhatissubstitutionASubstitutionistheappointmentofanotherheirso that he may enter into the inheritance indefaultoftheoriginalheir

2KINDS

QWhatarethedifferentkindsofsubstitutionA

1 Simplecommonndashtakesplacewhentheheirinstituteda predeceasestestatorb repudiatestheinheritanceorc isincapacitatedtosucceedNoteSimplesubstitutionwithoutastatementofthecausestowhichitrefersshallcomprisethe3abovementionedsituations

2 Briefcompendiousndashwhentwoormorepersons are substituted for one or fortwoormoreheirs

3 Reciprocal ndash one heir designated assubstituteforinstitutedheirwhilelatteris simultaneously instituted assubstituteforformer

NoteThesubstituteenters intothe inheritancenotasanheirsucceedingthefirstheirbutasanheirofthetestator

3FIDEICOMMISSARYSUBSTITUTION

QWhatisfideicommissarysubstitutionA Also known as indirect substitution it is asubstitution by virtue of which the fiduciary orfirst heir instituted is entrusted with theobligation to preserve and transmit to a secondheirthewholeorpartoftheinheritanceNote For its validity and effectivity suchsubstitution does not go beyond one degree fromtheheiroriginallysubstitutedandprovided furtherthat the fiduciary or first heir and the second heirarelivingatthetimeofdeathofthetestatorQ Who are the parties to a fideicommissarysubstitution and what are their respectiveobligationsA

PARTIES OBLIGATIONS

Firstheirorfiduciary

Hehastheobligationtopreserveandtransmitthe

inheritanceSecondheirorfideicommissary

Heeventuallyreceivesthepropertyfromthefiduciary

Testator None

Q What are the distinctions between directsubstitutionandindirectsubstitutionA

DIRECT SUBSTITUTION

INDIRECTSUBSTITUTION

(FideicommissarySubstitution)

Thesubstitutereceivesthepropertyindefault

ofthefirstheirinstitutedwhodoesnotorcannotreceivethe

same

Thesubstitutereceivesthepropertyaftertheheirfirstinstitutedhasenjoyedthesamefor

sometime

Therearevariousliberalitiesonethatisimmediateandtheotherorothers

eventualbutwithonlyoneofthemeffective(becauseultimatelyeithertheinstitutedheirsucceedsoritisthesubstitute)

Therearetwoliberalitieswhicharebotheffectivebut

successivelyenjoyed

Thetestatorsodirectsthetransmissionofhispropertythatoneormoreheirsenjoyandmayfreelydisposeof

thesame

Thefirstheirinstitutedisobligedtopreservethepropertyforthe

benefitofoneormoresucceedingheirsandhispowerofalienationiscurtailedoratleast

limited

SUCCESSION

Nootherpurposethantopreventthe

successionoftheintestateheirs

Hasafurthersocialeffectasitlimitsthefreecirculationof

propertyandforsuchreasonmanylaws

prohibitthesameorlimitit

Thereisonlyonetransfer

Thereare2transfers

Hasthefreeandabsolutedispositionandcontroloverthe

property

Noabsolutedispositionbecauseitissubjecttotheconditionthathewillpreserveand

transmitthesametothefideicommissaryAndalsothereis

controlonthepropertybutthereisalimittothecirculationofthe

property

Theidentityofthesubstitutedoesnot

matter

Thefideicommissaryislimitedtorelatives

withinonedegreefromthefirstheiror

fiduciaryparentndashchild

͵Ͳ͵UNIVERSITYOFSANTOTOMASF a c u l t a d d e D e r e c h o C i v i l


Q What are the conditions for a validfideicommissarysubstitutionA

1 Thattheinstitutiondoesnotgobeyondone degree from the heir originallyinstituted

2 That the substitution be expresslymade

3 Thatboth the fiduciaryandbeneficiarybe living at the time of the testatorrsquosdeath

4 That it should be imposed on the freeportionandnotonthelegitime

Q What are the elementsrequisites offideicommissarysubstitutionA

1 Theremustbeafirstheirorfiduciary2 Anabsoluteobligation is imposedupon

the fiduciary to preserve and totransmit toa secondheir thepropertyatagiventime

3 Thereisasecondheirwhomustbeonedegreefromthefirstheir

4 The firstandsecondheirmustbothbeliving and qualified at the time of thedeathofthetestator

1 FIDUCIARY

Theremustbeafirstheirorfiduciary

Note The first heir receives property either uponthedeathof the testatororupon the fulfillmentofanysuspensiveconditionimposedbythewillThefirstheir isalmost likeausufructuarywithrighttoenjoy thepropertyThus likeausufructuaryhecannotalienatethepropertyThefirstheirisobligedto make an inventory but he is not required tofurnishabondQWhataretheobligationsofafiduciaryA

1 Topreservetheinheritance2 Todelivertheinheritance3 To make an inventory of the

inheritanceQ What is the effect of alienation of theproperty subject to the fideicommissarysubstitutionbythefirstheirAThe transfer isnotvalidThe fiduciarycannotalienate thepropertyeitherbyanact intervivosor mortis causa He is bound to preserve theproperty and transmit it to the second heir orfideicommissaryQWhatistheperiodofthefiduciaryrsquostenureA

1 Primary rule ndash the period indicated bythetestator

2 Secondary rulendash if the testatordidnotindicate a period then the fiduciaryrsquoslifetime

Q Is the fiduciary allowed tomakedeductionstotheinheritanceA

GRThefiduciaryshoulddeliverthepropertyintact and undiminished to thefideicommisaryheiruponarrivaloftheperiodXPN The only deductions allowed in theabsenceofacontraryprovisioninthewillare1 Legitimateexpenses2 Credits3 Improvements

Note The coverage of legitimate expenses andimprovements are limited to necessary and usefulexpensesbutnottoornamentalexpenses


2 ABSOLUTEOBLIGATIONTOPRESERVEANDTRANSMITPROPERTY

Anabsoluteobligationisimposeduponthe

fiduciarytopreserveandtotransmittoasecondheirthepropertyatagiventime

Q How should an absolute obligation topreserveand to transmitbe imposedupon thefiduciaryATheobligation topreserveand transmitmustbegivenclearlyandexpresslybygivingitanameldquofideicommissary substitutionrdquo or by imposingupon the first heir the absolute obligation topreserveanddeliver theproperty to the secondheirNoteGiventimemeansthetimeprovidedbythetestatorifnotprovidedthenitisunderstoodthattheperiodisthelifetimeofthefirstheirQ Ifthetestatorprovidedthatthe1stheirshallenjoythepropertyduringhis lifeandthatuponhis death it shall pass to another expresslydesignated by the testator but withoutimposing the obligation to preserve theproperty is there fideicommissary substitutioninthiscaseANoneThereisnofideicommissarysubstitutionbut merely a legacy of the usufruct of theproperty

3FIDEICOMMISSARY

Thereisasecondheirwhomustbeonedegree

fromthefirstheir QWhatdoesldquoonedegreerdquomeanA One degree refers to the degree ofrelationship itmeansldquoonegenerationrdquoAssuchthe fideicommissary canonlybeeither aparentorchildofthefirstheirNote The relationship is always counted from thefirst heir However fideicommissary substitutionsarealsolimitedtoonetransmissionUponthelapseoftimeforthefirstheirhetransmitsthepropertytothe secondheir Inotherwords there canonlybeonefideicommissarytransmissionsuchthatafterthefirst there can be no second fideicommissarysubstitution

͵ͲͶ

CAPACITYTOSUCCEEDOFFIDUCIARYANDFIDEICOMMISSARY

ThefirstandsecondheirmustbothbelivingandqualifiedatthetimeofthedeathofthetestatorQWhymustboththefirstandsecondheirbelivingandqualifiedatthetimeofthedeathofthetestatorAThefideicommissaryinheritsnotfromthefirstheirbutfromthetestatorthustherequirementthat the fideicommissary be alive or at leastconceivedatthetimeofthetestatorrsquosdeathNoteThefideicommissarysubstitutionmustnotbeimposedonthelegitimeonlyonthefreeportionQDotheheirstoafideicommissarysubstitutioninheritsuccessivelyANoBoththefirstheirandthefideicommissaryinheritthepropertysimultaneouslyalthoughtheenjoymentandpossessionaresuccessiveNoteFromthemomentofdeathofthetestatortherightsofthefirstheirandthefiduciaryarevestedQ What is the effect if the fideicommissarypredeceasesthefiduciaryA If the fideicommissary predeceases thefiduciarybutsurvivesthetestatorhisrightspasstohisownheirsQWhatistheremedyofthefideicommissarytoprotecthimselfagainstalienationtoaninnocentthirdpersonA If the first heir was able to register theproperty in his name fideicommissary shouldannotate his claim on the land on the title toprotecthimselfagainstanyalienation in favorofinnocentthirdpartiesWhen the property passes to thefideicommissary there isnomoreprohibition toalienateQ What is the effect of the nullity of thefideicommissarysubstitutionAThenullityofthefideicommissarysubstitutiondoesnotprejudice the validityof the institutionoftheheirsfirstdesignatedthefideicommissaryclauseshallsimplybeconsideredasnotwritten


SUCCESSION

Q If the testatorgives theusufruct todifferentpersonssuccessivelywhatruleswillapplyATheprovisionsonfideicommissarysubstitutionalsoapplyinacasewherethetestatorgivestheusufructtovariouspersonssuccessivelyQRaymondsinglenamedhissisterRuffainhiswill as a devisee of a parcel of landwhich heowned The will imposed upon Ruffa theobligation of preserving the land andtransferring it upon her death to herillegitimatedaughterScarletwhowasthenonlyone year old Raymond later died leavingbehindhiswidowedmotherRuffaandScarlet

͵ͲͷUNIVERSITYOFSANTOTOMASF a c u l t a d d e D e r e c h o C i v i l


IstheconditionimposeduponRuffatopreservethepropertyand to transmit ituponherdeathtoScarletvalidAWhen anobligation topreserve and transmitthepropertytoScarletwasimposedonRuffathetestator Raymond intended to create afideicommissary substitutionwhere Ruffa is thefiduciary and Scarlet is the fideicommisaryHaving complied with the requirements of Art863 and 869 (NCC) the fideicomissarysubstitutionisvalidQIfScarletpredeceasesRuffawhoinheritsthepropertyA If Scarlet predeceases Ruffa thefideicommissary substitution is rendered null orineffectiveunderArt863(NCC)AndapplyingArt868 (NCC) the fideicommissary clause isdisregardedwithout prejudice to the validity oftheinstitutionofthefiduciaryInsuchcaseRuffashallinheritthedevicefreefromtheconditionIf Ruffa predeceases Raymond can ScarletinheritthepropertydirectlyfromRaymondAInafideicommissarysubstitutiontheintentionof the testator is to make the second heir hisultimate heir The right of the second heir issimply postponed by the delivery of theinheritance to the firstheir forhim toenjoy theusufruct over the inheritance Hencewhen thefirstheirpredeceased the testator the firstheirdid not qualify to inherit and the right of thesecond heir to receive the inheritance will nolonger be delayed provided the second heir isqualified to inherit at the time of the testatorrsquosdeath In fideicommissary substitution the firstandsecondheirsinheritfromthetestatorhenceboth should be qualified to inherit from thetestatoratthetimeofhisdeath

In the problem when Ruffa predeceasedRaymund she did not qualify to receive theinheritance toenjoy itusufructhence the rightof Scarlet to receive the inheritance upon thedeathof the testatorwillno longerbedelayedHowever Scarlet isnotqualified to inherit fromRayondbecauseshe isbarredbyArt992ofNCCbeing an illegitimate child of Raymondrsquosillegitimate father The devise will therefore beineffective and the propertywill be disposed ofbyintestacy(2008BarQuestion)DCONDITIONALTESTAMENTARYDISPOSITIONSANDTESTAMENTARYDISPOSITIONSWITHA

TERMQWhatisatermA It is any future and certain event upon thearrival of which the validity or efficacy of atestamentarydispositionsubjecttoitdependsNoteAdispositionwithasuspensivetermdoesnotprevent the institutedheir fromacquiringhis rightsand transmitting them tohisheirsevenbefore thearrivalofthetermReasonThe rightoftheheir institutedsubjecttoatermisvestedatthetimeofthetestatorsdeathͲhewilljustwaitforthetermtoexpireIftheheirdiesafterthetestatorbutbeforethetermexpires he transmits his rights to his own heirsbecauseofthevestedrightQWhen the disposition is subject to a termwhat shouldbedoneby the institutedheirsorlegalheirs so that theycanenjoypossessionofthepropertyAIfthedispositionissubjecttoa

1 Suspensive term ndash The legal heirs canenjoy possession of the property untilthe expiration of the period but theymustputupabond (caucionmuciana)in order to protect the right of theinstitutedheir

2 Resolutory term ndash The legal heirs canenjoy possession of the property butwhen the termarriveshemustgive itto the legal heirs The instituted heirdoesnothavetofileabond


ELEGITIME

͵Ͳ CIVILLAWTEAMADVISERATTYELMERTRABUYASUBJECTHEADALFREDOBDIMAFELIXIIASSTSUBJECTHEADSKARENFELIZGSUPNADLAMBERTOLSANTOSIIIMEMBERSPAULELBERTEAMONALSTONANARNAOZANJFULLEROSCECILIOMJIMENOJRISMAELSARANGAYAJRCONTRIBUTORSLOISERAEGNAVALMONICAJUCOM

1DEFINITION

QDefinelegitime

ALegitime isthatpartofthetestatorspropertywhichhecannotdisposeofbecause the lawhasreserved it for certain heirswho are thereforecalledcompulsoryheirs(Art886)NoteThereiscompulsiononthepartofthetestatortoreservethatpartoftheestatewhichcorrespondstothelegitime

QHowislegitimedetermined

A To determine the legitime the value of thepropertyleftatthedeathofthetestatorshallbeconsidered deducting all debts and chargeswhichshallnotincludethoseimposedinthewill

Tothenetvalueofthehereditaryestateshallbeadded thevalueofalldonationsby the testatorthataresubjecttocollationatthetimehemadethem(Art908)

QCite the rulesgoverning thedonationsmadebythetestatorinfavorofhischildrenlegitimateand illegitimateand strangersand thosewhichareinofficious

A

1 Donations given to children shall bechargedtotheirlegitime

2 Donations made to strangers shall becharged to that part of the estate ofwhichthetestatorcouldhavedisposedbyhislastwill

3 Insofar as they may be inofficious ormay exceed the disposable portionthey shallbe reducedaccording to therules established by this Code (Art909)

4 Donations which an illegitimate childmay have received during the lifetimeofhisfatherormothershallbechargedtohis legitimeShould theyexceed theportion that canbe freelydisposedofthey shall be reduced in the mannerprescribedbythisCode(Art910)

Q In relation toArticles 908 to 910how shallthereductionfromthelegitimebemade

A After the legitime has been determined inaccordancewiththethreeprecedingarticlesthereductionshallbemadeasfollows

1 Donationsshallberespectedas longasthelegitimecanbecoveredreducingorannulling if necessary the devises orlegaciesmadeinthewill

2 Thereductionofthedevisesorlegaciesshall be pro rata without anydistinctionwhatever

If the testator has directed that acertain devise or legacy be paid inpreference toothers itshallnotsufferanyreductionuntilthelatterhavebeenapplied in full to the payment of thelegitime

3 If the devise or legacy consists of ausufruct or life annuity whose valuemaybeconsideredgreaterthanthatofthedisposableportion thecompulsoryheirs may choose between complyingwith the testamentary provision anddeliveringtothedeviseeor legateethepart of the inheritance of which thetestatorcouldfreelydispose(Art911)

4 Ifthedevisesubjecttoreductionshouldconsist of real propertywhich cannotbe conveniently divided it shall go tothe devisee if the reduction does notabsorb oneͲhalf of its value and in acontrarycase to thecompulsoryheirsbut the former and the latter shallreimburse eachother in cash forwhatrespectivelybelongstothem(Art912)Thedeviseewhoisentitledtoalegitimemay retain the entire propertyprovideditsvaluedoesnotexceedthatof the disposable portion and of thesharepertainingtohimaslegitime(id)

Note Iftheheirsordeviseesdonotchoosetoavail themselves of the right granted by theprecedingarticleanyheirordeviseewhodidnothavesuchrightmayexercise itshouldthelatternotmakeuseof itthepropertyshallbesoldatpublicauctionattheinstanceofanyoneoftheinterestedparties(Art913)

Thetestatormaydeviseandbequeaththefreeportionashemaydeemfit(Art914)

SUCCESSION

RULESONLEGITIMEQCanthetestatordeprivethecompulsoryheirstheirlegitimesA No The testator cannot deprive thecompulsory heirs of their legitimes exceptthroughdisinheritanceNoteOnlythelegitimeisreservedThefreeportionmaybedisposedofbywillQMustcompulsoryheirsaccepttheirlegitimesANoThere isnoobligationon the compulsoryheirstoacceptQWhatarethekindsoflegitimeA

1 Fixed ndash If the amount (fractional part)does not vary or change regardless ofwhether there are concurringcompulsoryheirsornota legitimate children and

descendants (legitimate childrenrsquoslegitimeisalwaysfrac12)

b legitimateparentsandascendants

2 Variable ndash If the amount changes orvaries in accordance with whom thecompulsoryheirconcura survivingspouseb illegitimatechildrenc parentsoftheillegitimatechild

NoteFactorswhichaffectthelegitime1 Identity of the concurring compulsory

heirsand2 Numberofconcurringcompulsoryheirs

Q What are the limitations imposed on thetestatorregardinghisrightsofownershipAThetestatorcannotmakedonationsintervivoswhich impinge upon the legitime or which areinofficiousNote The prohibition does not cover an onerousdisposition (sale)becausethis involvesanexchangeofvaluesQWhat are the rules governing succession inthedirectdescendingline

͵Ͳ

A1 Rule of preference between lines ndash

descending line is preferred over theascendingline

2 Ruleofproximity3 Right of representation in case of

predecease incapacity anddisinheritance

4 If all the legitimate children repudiatetheir legitime the next generation oflegitimatedescendantssucceedintheirownright

QWhat are the rules governing succession intheascendinglineA

1 Ruleofproximityndashnearerexcludesthemoreremote

2 Divisionbyline3 Equaldivisionwithintheline

QWhat isare the remedy(ies) available to acompulsory heir whose legitime has beenimpairedA

1 In case of preterition ndash annulment ofinstitution of heir and reduction ofdevisesandlegacies

2 In case of partial impairment ndashcompletionoflegitime

3 In case of inofficious donation ndashcollation

Q Is the renunciationor compromiseof futurelegitimeallowedAThe renunciationorcompromise isprohibitedandconsiderednullandvoidQWhatisthescopeoftheprohibitionA

1 Any renunciation of future legitimeswhetherforavaluableconsiderationornot

2 Anywaiver of the right to ask for thereductionofaninnoficiousdonation

3 Compromise between the compulsoryheirs themselvesduring the lifetimeofthetestator

NoteTheprohibitionisnotapplicableincasesof

1 Renunciationsorcompromisesmadeafterthedeathofthetestator

2 Donations or remissions made by thetestator to the compulsory heirs asadvancesoftheirlegitime




QWhat is theorderofpreference in reducingtestamentarydispositionsanddonations

͵Ͳͺ CIVILLAWTEAMADVISERATTYELMERTRABUYASUBJECTHEADALFREDOBDIMAFELIXIIASSTSUBJECTHEADSKARENFELIZGSUPNADLAMBERTOLSANTOSIIIMEMBERSPAULELBERTEAMONALSTONANARNAOZANJFULLEROSCECILIOMJIMENOJRISMAELSARANGAYAJRCONTRIBUTORSLOISERAEGNAVALMONICAJUCOM

A

1 Legitimeofcompulsoryheirs2 Donationsintervivos3 Preferentiallegaciesordevises4 Allotherlegaciesordevisesprorata

Note The order of preference is applicablewhen1 Thereductionisnecessarytopreservethe

legitime of compulsory heirs fromimpairmentwhether there are donationsintervivosornotor

2 Althoughthelegitimehasbeenpreservedby the testator himself there aredonationsintervivos

QWhatarethesteps inthedistributionoftheestateofthetestatorA

1 Determinethevalueofthepropertyleftat the death of the testator (Grossestate)

2 Deduct all debt and charges exceptthoseimposedinthewillfromthegrossestate(Netasset)

3 Add the value of all donations by thetestatorthataresubjecttocollation(Nethereditaryestate=[GrossestatendashDebtsandCharges]+donations)

4 Determine who are the compulsoryheirsand their corresponding legitimesusingthetableoflegitimesbelow

5 DeterminethefreeportionFreeportion= nethereditaryestateLess legitimes(totalamount)

6 Imputationofdonations7 Distributionoftheremainingportionto

thelegateesanddeviseesQ What is the effect of donations to theinheritanceofanheirADonationsintervivosgiventochildrenshallbecharged to their legitime unless otherwiseprovidedbythetestatorReason Donations to the compulsory heirs areadvancestothelegitimeNote Donations inter vivos to strangers shall bechargedtothefreeportion

TABLESOFLEGITIMES

LegitimatechildrenorDescendants

Shareoflegitimatechildrenanddescendants

frac12ofthenetestate

Freeportion frac12ofthenetestate

LegitimateParentsandAscendants

Shareof legitimateparentsandascendants



OneLegitimatechildordescendantandSurvivingSpouse

Shareofalegitimatechild


Shareofthesurvivingspouse



Illegitimatechildrenandlegitimatechildren



Shareofeachillegitimatechildren

frac12ofthelegitimeofeachlegitimate

childrenorascendant

Freeportion Whateverremains

TwoormorelegitimatechildrenordescendantandSurvivingSpouse




Portionequaltothelegitimeofeachofthelegitimatechildrenor

descendant


SUCCESSION

͵ͲͻUNIVERSITYOFSANTOTOMASF a c u l t a d d e D e r e c h o C i v i l


LegitimateParentsorAscendantsandSurvivingSpouse

Shareoflegitimateparentsorascendants





IllegitimatechildrenandSurvivingSpouse

Shareofillegitimatechildren

13ofthenetestate

Shareofthe

survivingspouse

13ofthenetestate

Freeportion

13ofthenetestate

LegitimateParentsorAscendantsandIllegitimateChildren

Sharesandof

legitimateparentsand

ascendants




Freeportion


SurvivingSpouseLegitimateChildrenorAscendantsIllegitimateChildren



Survivingspouse

Equaltotheportionofthelegitimeofeachlegitimatechild


frac12oftheshareofeachlegitimatechild


LegitimateParentsSurvivingSpouseIllegitimateChildren

Sharesandof


ascendants


Survivingspouse

18ofthenetestate



Freeportion

18ofthenetestate

SurvivingSpouseAloneExceptionMarriageinArticuloMortis

Survivingspouseonly


Freeportion


Survivingspouseonly

(marriageinarticulomortistestator

diedwin3months)

13ofthenetestate

Freeportion

23ofthenetestate

Survivingspouseonly

(marriageinarticulomortistestatordiedwin3mosbuthavebeenlivingasHampWfornotlessthan5yrs)


Freeportion



͵ͳͲ CIVILLAWTEAM

ADVISERATTYELMERTRABUYASUBJECTHEADALFREDOBDIMAFELIXIIASSTSUBJECTHEADSKARENFELIZGSUPNADLAMBERTOLSANTOSIIIMEMBERSPAULELBERTEAMONALSTONANARNAOZANJFULLEROSCECILIOMJIMENOJRISMAELSARANGAYAJRCONTRIBUTORSLOISERAEGNAVALMONICAJUCOM

IllegitimateChildrenAlone



Freeportion


IllegitimateParentsAloneorWithillegitimatechildrenorLegitimateChildrenor

DescendantsorWithSurvivingSpouseShareofthe

illegitimateparentsalone


Freeportion


Shareofillegitimateparents


Shareofthe

survivingspouse


Freeportion


TABLEOFINTESTATESHARES

LEGENDLegitChildrenorDescendants LCD IllegitChildrenorDescendants ILCDLegitParentsorAscendants LPA IllegitParentsorAscendantsI LPASurvivingSpouse SS BrothersandSisters BSNephewsandNieces NN

INTESTATEHEIRS SHAREINTHEFREEPORTION

AnyClassalone frac12ofthefreeportion

LCDaloneSS

frac14(SS)

LCDSS

RemainingportionofestateafterpayinglegitimesLegitimestobedividedequallybetweentotalnumberofchildrenplustheSS

LCDILCD

RemainingportionofestateafterpayinglegitimesLegitimestobedividedbytheratioof21

OneLCDOneILCDSS

Remainingportionofestateafterpayinglegitimestobedividedbytheratioof21OnepartgoestotheILCDSameshareasalegitimatechild

LCDILCDSS

Remainingportionofestateafterpayinglegitimestobedividedbytheratioof21OnepartgoestotheILCDSameshareasalegitimatechildprovidedlegitimesarenotimpaired

LPAILCD

frac14(ILCD)

SUCCESSION

LPASS

frac14(SS)

LPASSILCD

Я(SS)

ILCDSS

1616

SS frac12or Ы

ILPASS

frac14frac14

BSNN frac12

SSBSNN

frac12(BSNN)

͵ͳͳ




StepsinDeterminingtheLegitimeofCompulsoryHeirs

Determination of the Net Hereditary Estate from the total thus found

Imputation of all the value of donations inter vivos made to compulsory heirs against their legitimes and of the value of all donations inter vivos made to strangers against the disposable free portion and restoration to the hereditary estate if the donation is inofficious

If the legitime is impaired the following reductions shall be made

a First reduce pro rata non-preferred legacies and devices and the testamentary dispositions

b Second reduce pro rata the preferred legacies and devises

c Third reduce the donations inter vivos according to the inverse order of their dates

As to the remaining portion of the estate it shall be distributed to the devisees and legatees

Net Hereditary Estate

Step 4 Collation

Collation or addition of all the value of all donations inter vivos to the net value of the estate

Determination of the net valueof the estate by deducting all the debts and charges from the gross value of the estate

Step 3 Net Value

Determination of the gross value of the estate at the time of the death of the testator

Determination of all the debts and charges which are chargeable against the estate

Step 2 DEDUCT OBLIGATIONS

Step 1 INVENTORY (Gross Value of Estate)

͵ͳʹ CIVILLAWTEAMADVISERATTYELMERTRABUYASUBJECTHEADALFREDOBDIMAFELIXIIASSTSUBJECTHEADSKARENFELIZGSUPNADLAMBERTOLSANTOSIIIMEMBERSPAULELBERTEAMONALSTONANARNAOZANJFULLEROSCECILIOMJIMENOJRISMAELSARANGAYAJRCONTRIBUTORSLOISERAEGNAVALMONICAJUCOM

SUCCESSION

2COMPULSORYHEIRSANDVARIOUSCOMBINATIONS

QWhoarecompulsoryheirsAThefollowingarecompulsoryheirs

1 Legitimate children and descendantswithrespecttotheir legitimateparentsandascendants

2 In default of the foregoing legitimateparentsandascendantswithrespecttotheir legitimate children anddescendants

3 Thewidoworwidower4 Acknowledged natural children and

naturalchildrenbylegalfiction5 Otherillegitimatechildrenreferredtoin

article287NOTECompulsoryheirsmentionedinNos34and5arenotexcludedbythoseinNos1and2neitherdotheyexcludeoneanotherIn all cases of illegitimate children their filiationmustbedulyprovedThe fatherormotherof illegitimate childrenof thethreeclassesmentioned shall inherit from them inthemanner and to the extent established by thisCode(Art887)Q What are the classifications of compulsoryheirsA



3 ConcurringcompulsoryheirsndashTheygettheir legitimes together with theprimary or secondary heirs Neitherexcludes primary or secondary heirsnoreachotherEg Surviving spouse and illegitimatechildrenanddescendants

͵ͳ͵

Legitimatechildrenanddescendants(LCD)QIsanadoptedchildacompulsoryheirA ldquoLegitimate childrenrdquo includes adoptedchildrenandlegitimatedchildrenUnder RA 8552 or theDomesticAdoption Lawadoptedchildrenhavethesamerightsgrantedtothe legitimate childrenAdopted children for allintentsandpurposesareconsideredaslegitimatechildrenHencetheadoptedchildrencanalreadyexcludelegitimateparentsascendants

Legitimateparentsandascendants(LPA)QWhendo legitimateparents and ascendantsinheritA Legitimateparentsandascendants inherit indefault of legitimate children and descendantsTheyaresecondarycompulsoryheirsQ Isthepresenceof illegitimatechildrenofthedecedentexcludetheLPAANoLegitimateparentsandascendantsconcurwiththeillegitimatechildrenofthedecedentHowever if the decedent is himself illegitimatehis illegitimate children exclude the illegitimateparentsandascendants

Survivingspouse(SS)QCana common law spousebea compulsoryheirANoTheremustbevalidmarriagebetweenthedecedent and the surviving spouse If themarriage is null and void the surviving spousecannotinheritQHow can the heirs of the decedent use thenullity of marriage to prevent the survivingspousefrominheritingA Theheirs can raise the issueofnullityof themarriage in the same proceeding for thesettlementoftheestateThis isallowedbecauseamarriagethatisnullandvoidcanbecollaterallyattackedHowever in case of voidable marriages if themarriage is not annulled before the decedentdiedthesurvivingspousecanstillinherit




ReasonVoidablemarriagescanonlybeattackedinadirectproceedingieannulmentproceedingNoteThesurvivingspouse isnotacompulsoryheirofhisherparentͲinͲlawSeparationͲinͲfact will not disqualify the survivingspouse from getting hisher legitime regardless ofhisherguilt


Note Under the Family Code there is no moredistinction between acknowledged natural childrenandillegitimatechildren TheyareallconsideredasillegitimateCompulsoryheirsofapersonwhoisillegitimate





͵ͳͶ CIVILLAWTEAMADVISERATTYELMERTRABUYASUBJECTHEADALFREDOBDIMAFELIXIIASSTSUBJECTHEADSKARENFELIZGSUPNADLAMBERTOLSANTOSIIIMEMBERSPAULELBERTEAMONALSTONANARNAOZANJFULLEROSCECILIOMJIMENOJRISMAELSARANGAYAJRCONTRIBUTORSLOISERAEGNAVALMONICAJUCOM

3RESERVATRONCALQWhatisreservatroncalAReserva troncalndashTheascendantwho inheritsfrom his descendant any property which thelattermayhaveacquiredbygratuitoustitlefromanother ascendant or a brother or sister isobligedtoreservesuchpropertyashemayhaveacquired by operation of law for the benefit ofrelativeswhoarewithinthethirddegreeandwhobelongtothelinefromwhichsaidpropertycame(Art891)Purpose Topreventpersonswho areoutsidersto the family from acquiring by chance oraccident propertywhich otherwisewould haveremained with the said family In short to putback the property to the line from which itoriginallycameNoteOthertermsusedtorefertoreservatroncal

1 Lineal2 Familiar3 Extraordinaria4 SemiͲtroncal5 PseudoͲtroncal

QWhat are the requisites that must exist inorder thatapropertymaybe impressedwithareservablecharacterA

1 That the property was acquired by adescendant (called ldquopraepositusrdquo orpropositus) fromanascendantor froma brother or sister by gratuitous titlewhen the recipient does not giveanythinginreturn

2 Thatsaiddescendant(praepositus)diedwithoutanissue

3 That the same property (calledldquoreservardquo) is inherited by anotherascendant (called ldquoreservistardquo) byoperation of law (either throughintestate or compulsory succession)fromthepraepositusand

4 Thattherearelivingrelativeswithinthethird degree counted from thepraepositusandbelonging to thesameline fromwhere thepropertyoriginallycame(calledldquoreservatariosrdquo)(Art891Chua v CFI of Negros OccidentalBranch V 78 SCRA 412 Rabuya CivilLawReviewerpp634Ͳ635)

QDoesreservatroncalexistinanillegitimateoradoptiverelationshipA No It only exists in the legitimate family(CentenovCenteno52Phil322idp635)QWhatare the causes for theextinguishmentofthereservaADDLRRP

1 Deathofthereservista2 Death of all the relatives within the

third degree prior to the death of thereservista

3 Accidental Loss of all the reservableproperties

4 Renunciationorwaiverby the reservesorreservatarios

5 RegistrationunderAct496without thereservablecharacterbeingannotated ifitfallsintothehandsofabuyeringoodfaithforvalue

6 By Prescription ndash reservista seeks toacquire(30yearsndashimmovable8yearsͲmovable)

SUCCESSION

QDifferentiatereservaminimaandreservamaximaA

͵ͳͷUNIVERSITYOFSANTOTOMASF a c u l t a d d e D e r e c h o C i v i l


RESERVAMINIMA RESERVAMAXIMA

Allofthepropertieswhichthedescendanthad

previouslyacquiredbygratuitoustitlefrom

anotherascendantorfromabrotherorsistermustbeconsideredaspassingtotheascendantͲreservistapartlybyoperationoflawandpartlybyforceofthe

descendantrsquoswill

Allofthepropertieswhichthedescendanthadpreviouslyacquiredbygratuitoustitlefromanotherascendantorfromabrotherorsistermustbeincludedintheascendantslegitime

insofarassuchlegitimecancontain

Appliesintestatesuccession

Alwaysfollowedinintestatesuccession

QWhoarethepartiesinreservatroncalA

1 Origin2 Propositus3 Reservista4 ReservatartiosReservees

ORIGIN

QWhomustbetheorigininreservatroncalA The origin of the property must be anascendantbrotherorsisterofthepropositusNote The origin must be a legitimate relativebecausereservatroncalexistsonly inthe legitimatefamilyQInorderforreservatroncaltotakeplacehowshould the property be transmitted from theorigintothepropositusA The transmission from the origin to thepropositusmustbebygratuitoustitleQCantheoriginalienatethepropertyAYesWhiletheoriginownsthepropertythereis no reserva yet and therefore he has theperfectrighttodisposeofitinanywayhewantssubject however to the rule on inofficiousdonations

PROPOSITUS

QWhomustbethepropositusA The propositus must be a legitimatedescendantorhalfͲbrothersisteroftheoriginoftheproperty

NoteTogiverisetoreservetroncalthepropositusmust not have any legitimate children otherwisethe reservable property will be inherited by thelatterThe presence of illegitimate children of theproposituswillnotpreventhis legitimateparentsorascendantsfrominheritingthereservedpropertyThepropositusisthedescendantwhosedeathgivesrisetothereservatroncalandfromwhomthereforethethirddegreeiscountedQCanthepropositusalienatethepropertyAYesWhilepropositus is stillalive there isnoreserva yet thereforehe is the absoluteownerof thepropertywith full freedom toalienateordisposeorencumberInasmuch as the propositus is the full owner ofthepropertyhemayevendefeattheexistenceofany possible reserve by simply not giving theproperty involved to his ascendant by way ofinheritancebyoperationoflawNoteThepropositusisreferredtoastheldquoarbiterofthereservardquo

RESERVISTA

QWhoisthereservistainreservatroncalA The reservista is the ascendantwho inheritsfrom thepropositusbyoperationof law It ishewhohastheobligationtoreserveNote The relationship between the reservista andthepropositusmustbelegitimateIfheinheritedthepropertyfromthepropositusnotby legalsuccessionorbyvirtueof legitime there isnoobligationtoreserveQ Does the reservista own the reservablepropertyA The reservista is an absolute or full ownersubjecttoaresolutoryconditionIftheresolutoryconditionisfulfilledthereservistarsquosownershipofthepropertyisterminatedResolutory condition If at the time of thereservistarsquosdeaththereshouldstillexistrelativeswithin the third degree (reservatarios) of thepropositusandbelonging to the line fromwhichthepropertycameNoteThereservablepropertyisnotpartoftheestateofthereservista


͵ͳ CIVILLAWTEAM


QCanthereservistaalienatethepropertyAThereservistacanalienatethepropertybeingtheownerthereofbutsubjecttothereservationQIsthereservistarequiredtofurnishabondA

GRHe isrequiredtofurnishabondsecurityor mortgage to guarantee the safe deliverylaterontothereservatariosofthepropertiesconcernedinthepropercasesXPN The bond security ormortgage is notneeded when the property has beenregistered or annotated in the certificate oftitleassubjecttoreservatroncal

NoteUponthereservistarsquosdeaththeownershipofthereservedpropertiesisautomaticallyvestedtothereservatarioswhoareexistingHencethereservistacannotdisposethereservedpropertybywilliftherearereservatariosexistingatthetimeofhisdeathQWhataretheobligationsofthereservistaA

1 Tomakean inventoryofthereservableproperty

2 Toannotatethereservablecharacterofthe real property in the Register ofDeedswithin90days fromthetimehereceivestheinheritance

3 Tofurnishabondsecurityormortgagetoanswerforthereturnofpropertyoritsvalue

4 To preserve the property for the 3rddegreerelatives

RESERVATARIOS

QWhoarethereservatariosAThereservatariosarerelativeswithinthethirddegreeoftheproposituswhobelongtothesamelinefromwhichthepropertyoriginallycamewhowillbecome the fullownersof theproperty themoment the reservista dies because by suchdeaththereservaisextinguishedQWhoaretherelativeswithinthethirddegreefromthepropositusA

1 Parents2 Grandparents

3 Fullandhalfbrothersandsisters4 Greatgrandparents5 Nephewsandnieces

QWhataretherequisitesforpassingoftitletothereservatariosA

1 deathofthereservistaand2 the fact that the reservatarios survived

thereservistaNoteThereservatariosinheritthepropertyfromthepropositusnotfromthereservistaThereservatariosmustbelegitimaterelativesoftheoriginandthepropositusReservatroncalisgovernedbythefollowingrulesonintestatesuccession(Applicablewhenthereareconcurringrelativeswithinthethirddegree)

1 Proximity Ͳ ldquoThe nearer excludes thefartherrdquo

2 ldquoThe direct line is preferred over thecollaterallinerdquo

3 ldquoThedescendinglineispreferredovertheascendinglinerdquo

QWhataretherightsofthereservatariosA

1 Toaskfortheinventoryofallreservableproperty

2 Theappraisalofall reservablemovableproperty

3 Theannotation in theregistryofdeedsof the reservable character of allreservableimmovableproperty

4 ConstitutionofthenecessarymortgageQWhendoesthereservatarioacquiretherightoverthereservablepropertyA Upon the death of the reservista thereservatario nearest the decedent propositusbecomesautomaticallyandbyoperationof lawthe absolute owner of the reservable property(CanovDirectorofLands)Q Is there right of representation in reservatroncalAThere isrepresentation inreservatroncalbutthe representativemustalsobewithin the thirddegree from the propositus (Florentino vFlorentino)

SUCCESSION

OPERATIONOFRESERVATRONCAL

bullTheoriginofthepropertyisthelegitimateascendantbrotherorsisterofthepropositusbullUpondeathoftheORIGINhispropertyistransmittedtothePROPOSITUSeitherbydonationintervivosormortiscausaaslongasitisbygratuitoustitle

ORIGIN

bullThePROPOSITUSisalegitimatedescendantorhalfͲbrothersisteroftheORIGINofthepropertybullTogiverisetoreservetroncalthePROPOSITUSmustnot haveanylegitimate childrenotherwisethereservablepropertywillbeinheritedbythelatter

bullThePROPOSITUSisthedescendantwhosedeathgivesrisetothereservatroncalandfromwhomthethirddegreeiscountedPROPOSITUS

bullTheRESERVISTAistheascendantwhoinheritsfromthePROPOSITUSbyoperationoflawItishewhohastheobligationtoreserve

bullTherelationshipbetweentheRESERVISTAandthePROPOSITUSmustbelegitimatebullTheRESERVISTAisanabsoluteorfullownersubjecttoaresolutoryconditionbullResolutorycondition IfatthetimeoftheRESERVISTASrsquosdeaththereshouldstillexistrelativeswithinthethirddegree(reservatarios)ofthepropositusandbelongingtothelinefromwhichthepropertycame

RESERVISTA

bullTheRESERVATARIOsarerelativeswithinthethirddegreeoftheproposituswhobelongtothesamelinefromwhichthepropertyoriginallycamewhowillbecomethefullownersofthepropertythemomentthereservistadies

bullThereservatariosinheritthepropertyfromthePROPOSITUSnotfromtheRESERVISTAbullUponthedeathoftheRESERVISTAtheRESERVATARIOnearestthedecedentPROPOSITUSbecomesautomaticallyandbyoperationoflawtheabsoluteownerofthereservableproperty

RESERVATARIO

͵ͳUNIVERSITYOFSANTOTOMASF a c u l t a d d e D e r e c h o C i v i l


4DISINHERITANCE

ADISINHERITANCEFORCAUSEQWhatisdisinheritanceA Disinheritance is the process or act thru atestamentarydispositionofdeprivinginawillanycompulsoryheirofhislegitimefortrueandlawfulcauseNoteTheonlyway inwhichacompulsoryheircanbe deprived of his legitime is through validdisinheritanceDisinheritance is not automatic There must beevidence presented to substantiate thedisinheritance andmust be for a valid and soundcauseEffect of disinheritance Total exclusion to theinheritance meaning loss of legitime right tointestatesuccessionandofanydispositioninapriorwill

Disinheritancehowever iswithoutprejudicetotheright of representation of the children anddescendantsofthepersondisinheritedBut the disinherited parent shall not have theusufruct or administration of the property whichconstitutesthelegitimeQ What are the requisites of a validdisinheritanceADisinheritancemustbe

1 Madeinavalidwill2 Identity of the heir is clearly

established3 Foralegalcause4 Expresslymade5 Causestatedinthewill6 Absoluteorunconditional7 Total8 Causemustbetrueandifchallengedby

theheiritmustbeprovedtobetrue

NoteProponentofdisinheritancehastheburdenofproof


(1)RECONCILIATIONQ What is the effect of subsequentreconciliation between the offender and theoffendedpartyonthelatterrsquosrighttodisinheritA A subsequent reconciliation between theoffender and the offended person deprives thelatter of the right to disinherit and rendersineffectualanydisinheritancethatmayhavebeenmade(Art922)

͵ͳͺ CIVILLAWTEAMADVISERATTYELMERTRABUYASUBJECTHEADALFREDOBDIMAFELIXIIASSTSUBJECTHEADSKARENFELIZGSUPNADLAMBERTOLSANTOSIIIMEMBERSPAULELBERTEAMONALSTONANARNAOZANJFULLEROSCECILIOMJIMENOJRISMAELSARANGAYAJRCONTRIBUTORSLOISERAEGNAVALMONICAJUCOM

(2)RIGHTSOFDESCENDANTSOFPERSONDISINHERITED

QWhatisreconciliationAThere isreconciliationwhentwopersonswhoareatoddsdecide to setaside theirdifferencesandtoresumetheirrelations TheyneednotgobacktotheiroldrelationNoteAhandshakeisnotreconciliationIthastobesomethingmoreItmustbeclearanddeliberateIn order to be effective the testatormust pardonthedisinheritedheirThepardonwhetherexpressortacitmust referspecifically to theheirdisinheritedand to the acts he has committed and must beacceptedbysuchheirIn disinheritance reconciliation need not be inwritingQ What is the effect of reconciliation on apersonrsquosrighttodisinheritA

1 Ifmadebeforedisinheritancendashrighttodisinheritisextinguished

2 If made after disinheritance ndashdisinheritanceissetaside

BDISINHERITANCEWITHOUTCAUSEQWhat is theeffectofdisinheritancewithoutcauseA Disinheritancewithout a specification of thecause or for a cause the truth of which ifcontradictedisnotprovedorwhichisnotoneofthose set forth in this Code shall annul theinstitutionofheirsinsofarasitmayprejudicethepersondisinheritedbut thedevisesand legaciesandothertestamentarydispositionsshallbevalidtosuchextentaswillnotimpairthelegitime(Art918)

QWhatarethegroundsfordisinheritanceA

1 Common causes for disinheritance ofchildren or descendants parents orascendantsandspousea When the heir has been found

guiltyofanattemptagainstthelifeof the testator hisherdescendants or ascendants andspouse in case of children orparents

b When the heir by fraud violenceintimidation or undue influencecauses the testator to make tomake a will or to change onealreadymade

c When the heir has accused thetestator of a crime forwhich thelawprescribesimprisonmentofsixyears or more if the accusationhasbeenfoundgroundless

d Refusalwithoutjustifiablecausetosupport the testator whodisinheritssuchheir

2 PeculiarCausesforDisinheritancea ChildrenandDescendants

i Conviction of a crime whichcarrieswithitapenaltyofcivilinterdiction

ii Maltreatment of the testatorb word or deed by thechildrenordescendant

iii When the children ordescendant has beenconvicted of adultery orconcubinagewith the spouseofthetestator

iv When the children ordescendant leads adishonorable or disgracefullife

b ParentsorAscendants

i When the parent orascendanthasbeenconvictedof adultery or concubinagewith the spouse of thetestator

ii When the parents haveabandoned their children orinduced their daughters toliveacorruptor immoral lifeor attempted against theirvirtue

SUCCESSION

iii Lossofparentalauthority forcausesspecifiedintheCode

iv Attemptbyoneoftheparentsagainst the life of the otherunless there has beenreconciliationbetweenthem

c Spouse

i When the spouse has givencauseforlegalseparation

ii When the spouse has givengrounds for the loss ofparentalauthority

͵ͳͻUNIVERSITYOFSANTOTOMASF a c u l t a d d e D e r e c h o C i v i l


5LEGACIESANDDEVISESQWhatcanbebequeathedordevisedA Anything within the commerce of man orwhichisalienableQWhomaybechargedwithlegaciesanddevicesA

1 Anycompulsoryheir2 Anyvoluntaryheir3 Anylegateeordevisee4 Theestaterepresentedbytheexecutor

oradministrator(Juradop345)QCanthetestatorbequeathordeviseathingorpropertybelongingtosomeoneelseAItdependsonwhether

1 Thetestatorthoughtthatheowneditndash

GR A legacy or devise of a thingbelonging to someone else when thetestator thought that he owned it is avoid legacy or devise because it isvitiatedbymistakeXPN If the testator acquires it aftermakinghiswill

2 The testator knows that he does notownbutordereditsacquisitionndash

If the thinggivenasdeviseor legacy isnotownedby the testator at the timehe made the will but he orders hisestatetoacquireititisavalidlegacyordevise The testator knew thathedidnotownitThereisnomistake

QWhat is the effect if the thing or propertybequeathedordevisedbelonged to the legateeordeviseeatthetimethewillwasexecutedAThe legacyordevise is ineffectiveeven if thelegatee or devisee alienates the thing after thewillismadeQSuppose the legateeordeviseeacquired theproperty after the will has been executedSupposeheacquiredthethingbyoneroustitleWhatwouldbetheeffectAIfatthetimethelegacyordeviseismadethethingdidnotbelongtothelegateeordeviseebutlateronheacquiresitthen

1 IfheacquireditbygratuitoustitlethenthelegacyordeviseisvoidReasonThepurposeof the testator thatthe propertywould go to thedevisee orlegatee has already been accomplishedwithnoexpensetothelegateeordevisee

2 If he acquired it by onerous title thelegacyordevise isvalidand theestatemay be required to reimburse theamount

QSupposethepropertybequeathedordevisedhas been pledged ormortgaged who has theobligation to free the property from suchencumbranceA

GRThepledgeormortgagemustbepaidbytheestateXPN If the testator provides otherwiseHoweveranyotherchargesuchaseasementsand usufruct with which the thingbequeathed is burdened shall be respectedbythelegateeordevisee

QWhatisalegacyofcreditA It takesplacewhenthetestatorbequeathstoanotheracreditagainstathirdpersonIneffectitisanovationofthecreditbythesubrogationofthelegateeintheplaceoftheoriginalcreditorQWhatisalegacyofremissionA It is a testamentary disposition of a debt infavorofthedebtorThelegacyisvalidonlytotheextentoftheamountofthecreditexistingatthetimeofthetestatorsdeathIneffectthedebtisextinguished


Note1 Legacy applies only to the amounts

outstanding at the time of the testatorsdeath

2 The legacy is revoked if the testator filesanaction(judicialsuit)againstthedebtor

3 It applies only to credits existing at thetime the will was made and not tosubsequentcredits

QIsalegacyordeviseconsideredpaymentofadebtifthetestatorhasastandingindebtednesstothelegateeordeviseeANolegacyordeviseisnotconsideredpaymentof a debt because if it is then it would be auselesslegacyordevisesinceitwillreallybepaidQWhatistheorderofpaymentoflegaciesanddevisesA

1 Remuneratorylegaciesordevises2 Legaciesordevisesdeclaredbytestator

tobepreferential3 Legaciesforsupport4 Legaciesforeducation5 Legacies or devises of a specific

determinate thingwhich forms part oftheestate

6 Allothersprorata

NoteTheorderofpreferenceisapplicablewhen1 There are no compulsory heirs and the

entireestateisdistributedbythetestatoraslegacydeviseor

2 There are compulsory heirs but theirlegitimehasalreadybeenprovidedforbythe testator and there are no donationsintervivos

QWhat isthedistinctionbetweenArt911andArt950A

͵ʹͲ CIVILLAWTEAMADVISERATTYELMERTRABUYASUBJECTHEADALFREDOBDIMAFELIXIIASSTSUBJECTHEADSKARENFELIZGSUPNADLAMBERTOLSANTOSIIIMEMBERSPAULELBERTEAMONALSTONANARNAOZANJFULLEROSCECILIOMJIMENOJRISMAELSARANGAYAJRCONTRIBUTORSLOISERAEGNAVALMONICAJUCOM

OrderofpreferenceunderArt911


LDPO1 Legitimeof

compulsoryheirs2 Donationsinter

vivos3 Preferential

legaciesordevises

4 AllOtherlegaciesordevisesprorata

1 RemuneratoryLD2 PreferentialLD3 Legacyforsupport4 Legacyforeducation5 LDofaspecific

determinatethingwhichformsapartoftheestate

6 Allothersprorata

NoteWhen the question of reduction is betweenand among legatees and devisees themselves Art950 governsbutwhen there is a conflictbetweencompulsory heirs and legateesdevisees Art 911governsQWhat are the grounds for the revocation oflegacyordeviseA

1 Transformation of the thing in such amanner that it does not retain eithertheformorthedenominationithad

2 AlienationofthethingbequeathedNoteGRThealienationofthepropertyrevokesthelegacyordevisenotwithstandingthenullityofthetransactionHoweverwhetherornotthelegacyordeviseisrevokedornotdependsonthebasisforthenullityofthecontractIfthenullityisbasedonvitiatedconsentthelegacyordeviseisnotrevokedbecausetherewasnointentiontorevokeForallothergroundsthelegacyordeviseisrevoked

XPNIfthesaleispactoderetroandthetestatorreacquireditduringhislifetime

3 Totallossofthethingbequeathed

NoteThelossofthethingbequeathedmustnotbeattributedtotheheirsThereshouldbenofaultonthepartoftheheirs

4 If the legacy is a credit against a thirdpersonor the remissionofadebtandthe testatorsubsequent to themakingof thewillbringsanactionagainst thedebtorforpayment

SUCCESSION

IIILEGALORINTESTATESUCCESSION

͵ʹͳUNIVERSITYOFSANTOTOMASF a c u l t a d d e D e r e c h o C i v i l


AGENERALPROVISIONS

1RELATIONSHIP

QWhatislegalorintestatesuccessionA Legal or intestate succession is thatwhich iseffectedbyoperationoflawindefaultofawillItislegalbecauseittakesplacebyoperationoflawit is intestate because it takes place in theabsence or in default of a last will of thedecedent(Juradop377)Q What is the formula for application ofinheritanceAThefollowingareappliedsuccessivelyISRAI

1 Institution of an heir (Bequest in caseoflegaciesordevises)

2 Substitutionifproper3 Representationifapplicable4 Accretionifapplicable5 Intestacy if all of The above are not

applicableQWhen can legalor intestate succession takeplaceAIntestatesuccessiontakesplacewhen

1 there isnowill thewill isvoidor thewillisrevoked

2 the will does not dispose all theproperty of the testator (partialintestacy)

3 the suspensive condition attached totheinheritanceisnotfulfilled

4 The heir predeceased the testator orrepudiates the inheritance and nosubstitution and no right of accretiontakeplace

5 The heir instituted is incapacitated tosucceed

Note The enumeration is not exclusive there areothercausesfor intestacywhicharenot included intheenumerationEg

1 Preterition2 Arrivaloftheresolutorytermorperiod3 Fulfillment of a resolutory condition

attachedtotheinheritance4 NonͲcompliance or impossibility of

complyingwiththewillofthetestator

Q Can there be a valid will which does notinstituteanheirA Yes awill is valid even if it contains only aprovisionfordisinheritanceorifonlylegaciesanddevisesarecontainedinthewillQWhoareintestateheirsA

1 Legitimatechildrenordescendants2 Illegitimatechildrenordescendants3 Legitimateparentsorascendants4 Illegitimateparents5 Survivingspouse6 Brothers and sisters nephews and

nieces7 Other collateral relatives up to the 5th

degree8 TheState

2RIGHTOFREPRESENTATION

QWhatisrightofrepresentationA Right created by fiction of law where therepresentative is raised to theplace anddegreeof the person represented and acquires therights which the latter would have if he werelivingorcouldhaveinheritedQWhatistheeffectofrepresentationA Whenever there is succession byrepresentationthedivisionoftheestateshallbemade per stirpes in such manner that therepresentativeorrepresentativesshallnotinheritmorethanwhatthepersontheyrepresentwouldinherit if he were living or could inherit (Art974)NotePerstirpesmeansinheritancebygroupallthosewithinthegroupinheritinginequalsharesRepresentationissuperiortoaccretionQWhendoesrightofrepresentationariseARepresentationmayariseeitherbecauseof

1 death2 incapacityor3 disinheritance

QWhenisrightorrepresentationnotavailableA

1 As to compulsory heirs In case ofrepudiationtheonewhorepudiateshisinheritance cannot be represented


Their own heirs inherit in their ownright

2 As to voluntary heirs Voluntary heirslegateesanddeviseeswhoa Predeceasethetestatororb Renouncetheinheritancecannotberepresentedbytheirownheirswithrespecttotheirsupposedinheritance

Q Does the representative inherit from thepersonrepresentedANoInrepresentationtherepresentativedoesnotinheritfromthepersonrepresentedbutfromthetestatorordecedentQ Where does right of representation takeplaceA Representation takes place in the directdescendinglineneverintheascendingNoteTherepresentativehimselfmustbecapableofsucceedingthedecedentAn illegitimate child can represent his fatherprovidedthatthefatherwasalsoillegitimateQ Does right of representation apply in thecollaterallineA Right of representation takes place only infavorof childrenofbrothersor sisterswhetherfullorhalfbloodandonly if theyconcurwithatleastoneuncleorauntNoteThisruleappliesonlywhenthedecedentdoesnothavedescendantsQWhatistheeffectifthereisnouncleorauntuponwhomthechildrenwhoseektoinvoketherightofrepresentationcanconcurwithAThere shallbeno rightof representationandultimately they shall not inherit following Art975QMayanillegitimatesiblingofthedecedentberepresentedA Yes An illegitimate brother or sister of thedeceased can be represented by his childrenwithout prejudice to the application of the IronCurtainRule(Tolentinop451)

͵ʹʹ

Q Does the right of representation apply toadoptedchildrenA No The right of representation cannot beinvokedbyadoptedchildrenbecausetheycannot

represent their adopting parents to theinheritanceofthelatterrsquosparentsReasonThelawdoesnotcreateanyrelationshipbetween the adopted child and the relatives ofthe adoptingparentsnoteven to thebiologicalorlegitimatechildrenoftheadoptingparentsNote Under RA 8552 or the Domestic AdoptionLaw the adopted child and the adopting parentshavereciprocalsuccessionalrightsQWhatistheruleonequaldivisionoflinesA

GR Intestateheirsequal indegree inherit inequalsharesXPN1 In the ascending line the rule of

divisionbylineisfrac12tothematernallineandfrac12 to the paternal line andwithineachlinethedivisionispercapita

2 In the collateral line the fullͲbloodbrotherssisterswill getdouble thatofthehalfͲblood

3 The division in representation wheredivision is per stirpes ndash therepresentative divide only the sharepertainingtothepersonrepresented

Note The shareof an illegitimate child isfrac12of theshareofalegitimateoneFullbloodbrotherorsister isentitledtodoubletheshareofhalfbrotherorsister(Art1006)Compulsoryheirsshallinnocaseinheritabintestolessthantheir legitimeasprovided intestamentarysuccession

IRONCURTAINRULEQWhatistheironͲcurtainruleA Art 992 of the Civil Code provides thatillegitimate children cannot inherit ab intestatofrom the legitimate children and relatives ofhismother or father Legitimate children andrelativescannotinheritinthesamewayfromtheillegitimatechildNoteThe ironcurtain ruleonlyapplies in intestatesuccessionThere isabarrierrecognizedbylawbetweenthelegitimate relatives and the illegitimate child sothatonecannot inherit from theotherandviceͲversa


SUCCESSION

͵ʹ͵UNIVERSITYOFSANTOTOMAS

F a c u l t a d d e D e r e c h o C i v i l


RationaleThelawpresumestheexistenceofantagonismbetweentheillegitimatechildandthelegitimaterelativesofhisparentsQDistinguishtheapplicationofironcurtainruleandrightofrepresentationA

IRONCURTAINRULERIGHTOF

REPRESENTATIONProhibitsabsolutelyasuccessionabintestato

betweentheillegitimatechildandthelegitimatechildrenandrelativesofthefatherormotherofsaidillegitimatechild

NoteIroncurtainruleimposesalimitationon

rightofrepresentation

Rightcreatedbyfictionoflawwherethe

representativeisraisedtotheplaceand

degreeofthepersonrepresentedandacquirestherights

whichthelatterwouldhaveifhewereliving

orcouldhaveinherited

Appliesonlyinintestatesuccession

Appliestobothintestateandtestate

successionDeterminingfactorwhodiedfirstIsittheparentoftheillegitimatechildorisitthelegitimaterelativeorchildofhisparent

Appliesiftheonewhodiedfirstisthe

illegitimatersquosparent

Reasonillegitimatewillberepresentinghisparentbecauseofthepredeceasethebarimposedbytheiron

curtainruleisrenderedoperativeto

preventsuch


legitimateparentorchildofthe


Reasonillegitimateinheritsfromhis

parentrsquosestatewhichincludeshisparentrsquosinheritancefromsaidlegitimaterelativeor

childwhodied

RightofRepresentationandIronCurtainRule

If the child to be represented is LEGITIMATE ndash only legitimate children descendants can represent him

(D)dagger

Legit Xdagger

legit (X1)

Illegit Ydagger

illegit (X2)

legit (Y2)

illegit (Y1)

If the child to be represented is ILLEGITIMATE ndash both legit amp illegit children descendants can represent him

Since X and Y both predeceased D only X1 can represent X X2 cannot by virtue of the iron curtain rule Both Y1 and Y2 can represent Y

Iron Curtain Rule applies


BORDEROFINTESTATESUCCESSION

QWhatistheorderofpreferencebetweenlinesinlegalorintestatesuccessionASuccessiontakesplace

FirstinthedirectdescendinglineSecondinthedirectascendinglineFinallyinthecollateralline

QWhatistheorderofintestatesuccessiontoalegitimatechildA In general and without prejudice to theconcurrent right of other heirs in proper casestheorderof intestate succession toa legitimatechildisasfollows

1 legitimatechildrenanddescendants2 legitimateparentsandascendants3 illegitimatechildren4 thesurvivingspouse5 collateralsuptothefifthdegreeand6 the State (RabuyaCivil LawReviewer

p678)QWhat is theorderof intestate succession toanillegitimatechildA

1 The legitimate children anddescendants of a person who is anillegitimate child are preferred overother intestateheirswithoutprejudiceto the right of concurrence ofillegitimate children and the survivingspouse

͵ʹͶ CIVILLAWTEAMADVISERATTYELMERTRABUYASUBJECTHEADALFREDOBDIMAFELIXIIASSTSUBJECTHEADSKARENFELIZGSUPNADLAMBERTOLSANTOSIIIMEMBERSPAULELBERTEAMONALSTONANARNAOZANJFULLEROSCECILIOMJIMENOJRISMAELSARANGAYAJRCONTRIBUTORSLOISERAEGNAVALMONICAJUCOM

2 In the absence of legitimate childrenand descendants the illegitimatechildren (of the illegitimate child) andtheirdescendantssucceedtotheentireestate without prejudice to theconcurrent right of the survivingspouse

3 In the absence of children anddescendants whether legitimate orillegitimate the third in the order ofsuccession to the estate of theillegitimate child is his illegitimateparentsIfbothparentssurviveandareentitled to succeed they divide theestate share and share alike Althoughthe law issilent ifthesurvivingspouseoftheillegitimatechildconcurswiththeillegitimate parents the survivingspouse shall be entitled to oneͲhalf of

theestatewhiletheillegitimateparentsgettheotherhalf

Note In the ascending line only theillegitimateparentsareentitledto inheritfrom the illegitimate child the otherillegitimate descendants are not soentitled

4 In default of children or descendantslegitimate or illegitimate andillegitimate parents the survivingspouse shall inherit the entire estateBut if the surviving spouse shouldsurvive with brothers and sistersnephews and nieces the survivingspouse shall inherit oneͲhalf of theestateandthelattertheotherhalfThebrothers and sisters must be byillegitimatefiliationotherwisetheIronCurtainRuleshallapply

5 Although the law is silent illegitimatebrothers and sisterswho survive aloneshall get the entire inheritance Thelegitimate children of the illegitimateparentsarenotentitledto inheritfromtheillegitimatechildbyvirtueofArticle992oftheNCC

6 TheState(idpp691Ͳ692)

IVPROVISIONSCOMMONTOTESTATEANDINTESTATESUCCESSION

ARIGHTOFACCRETION

1DEFINITIONANDREQUISITES

QWhatisaccretionA Accretion isa rightbyvirtueofwhichwhentwo or more persons are called to the sameinheritancedeviseorlegacythepartassignedtothe one who renounces or cannot receive hisshareorwhodiedbefore the testator isaddedorincorporatedtothatofhiscoͲheircoͲdeviseesorcoͲlegateesBasisAccretionisarightbasedonthepresumedwill of the deceased that he prefers to givecertain properties to certain individuals ratherthantohislegalheirsAccretionispreferredoverintestacy

SUCCESSION

QWhataretherequisitesofaccretionA

1 Two ormore personsmust have beencalled in the testatorswill to the sameinheritance legacyordeviseor to thesameportionthereofproindiviso

2 There must be a vacancy in theinheritance legacyordeviseasaresultofpredeceaseincapacityorrepudiation

QIntestamentarysuccessioninwhatinstancesmayaccretiontakeplaceA

1 Predecease2 Incapacity3 Renunciation4 NonͲfulfillmentof suspensive condition

imposeduponinstitutedheir5 Ineffectivetestamentarydisposition

QInintestatesuccessioninwhatinstancesmayaccretiontakeplaceA

1 Predeceaseoflegalheir2 Incapacityoflegalheir3 Repudiationbylegalheir

Note Accretion takes place only if there is norepresentationInrenunciationthereisalwaysaccretionReasonNorepresentationinrenunciationIn intestacy apply representation first If there isnonethenaccretionwillapplyIn testacy apply substitution first If there is nosubstitution then accretionwill applyHowever intestamentary succession the inheritancemust nothavebeenearmarkedAccretioncannottakeplaceiftheinheritanceisearmarked

͵ʹͷUNIVERSITYOFSANTOTOMASF a c u l t a d d e D e r e c h o C i v i l


BCAPACITYTOSUCCEEDBYWILLORINTESTACY

1PERSONSINCAPABLEOFSUCCEEDING

Q What does absolute incapacity to succeedmeanAItmeansthepersonisincapacitatedtosucceedin any form whether by testate or intestatesuccessionQWhoareabsolutelyincapacitatedtosucceedA

1 Thosenot livingatthetimeofdeathofthetestator

2 Those who cannot be identified (Art845)

3 Thosewhoarenotpermittedby lawtoinherit(Art1027)

QWho are incapacitated to succeed basedonmoralityorpublicpolicyAACO

1 Persons guilty of Adultery orconcubinage with the testator at thetimeofthemakingofthewill

2 Persons guilty of the same Criminaloffenseinconsiderationthereof

3 ApublicofficerorhiswifedescendantsandascendantsbyreasonofhisOffice(Art739)

QWhoare incapacitated to succeedby reasonofunworthinessAPͲCAVͲAFPͲF

1 Parents who have abandoned theirchildren or induced their daughters tolead a corrupt or immoral life orattemptedagainsttheirvirtues

2 Persons Convicted of an attemptagainst the life of the testator his orherspousedescendantsorascendants

3 PersonswhoAccused the testatorofacrime for which the law prescribesimprisonment for six years ormore ifthe accusation has been found to begroundless

4 Heirof fullagewhohavingknowledgeof the Violent death of the testatorshould fail to report it to an officer ofthe law within a month unless theauthoritieshavealreadytakenactionNote This prohibition shall not apply tocaseswherein according to law there isnoobligationtomakeanaccusation

5 Person convicted of Adultery orconcubinage with the spouse of thetestator

6 Person who by Fraud violenceintimidationorundue influenceshouldcause the testator tomakeawillor tochangeonealreadymade

7 Person who by the same meansPreventsanotherfrommakingawillorfrom revoking one already made orwho supplants conceals or alters thelatterswill

8 Person who Falsifies or forges asupposed will of the decedent (Art1032)


NoteGrounds1235and6arethesamegroundsasindisinheritanceNumbers67and8coversix(6)actswhichrelatetowills

1 Causingthetestatortomakeawill2 Causingthetestatortochangeanexisting

will3 Preventing the decedent from making a

will4 Preventing the testator from revokinghis

will5 Supplanting concealing or altering the

testatorswill6 Falsifyingorforgingasupposedwillofthe

decedent

RELATIVEINCAPACITYTOSUCCEEDQWhatisrelativeincapacitytosucceedAItmeansthepersonisincapacitatedtosucceedbecauseofsomespecialrelationtothetestatorQWhatare thegrounds for relative incapacitytosucceedAUMA

1 Undueinfluenceorinterest(Art1027)2 Moralityorpublicpolicy(Art739)3 Actsofunworthiness(Art1032)

QWho are incapacitated to succeed basedonundueinfluenceorinterestAPRGͲWPI

1 ThePriestwhoheardtheconfessionofthetestatorduringhislastillnessortheminister of the gospel who extendedspiritual aid to him during the sameperiod

2 TheRelativesofsuchpriestorministerof thegospelwithin the fourthdegreethechurchorderchaptercommunityorganization or institution to whichsuchpriestorministermaybelong

3 A Guardian with respect to

testamentary dispositions given by award in his favor before the finalaccountsoftheguardianshiphavebeenapproved even if the testator shoulddie after the approval thereofnevertheless any provision made bythewardinfavoroftheguardianwhenthelatterishisascendantsdescendantbrothersisterorspouseshallbevalid

4 AnyattestingWitness to theexecutionof a will the spouse parents orchildren or any one claiming undersuch witness spouse parents orchildren

NoteNumbers1to4donotapplytolegitimes

5 Any Physician surgeon nurse health

officerordruggistwhotookcareofthetestatorduringhislastillness

NoteNumber5isanabsolutedisqualification6 Individuals associations and

corporations not permitted by law toinherit

PRIESTSQWhoarecoveredbythisdisqualificationtoinheritAPMRC

1 Priestwhoheard theconfessionof thetestatorduringhislastillness

2 Minister of the gospel who extendedspiritual aid to him during the sameperiod

3 Relatives of such priest orminister ofthegospelwithinthefourthdegreeor

4 TheChurchorderchaptercommunityorganization or institution to whichsuchpriestorministermaybelong

Q What are the requisites for thisdisqualificationtoapplyA

1 Thewillwasmadeduringthelastillnessofthetestator

2 The spiritual ministration must havebeenextendedduringthelastillness

3 The will was executed during or afterthespiritualministration

Q If the confessionwasmade before thewillwasmadecanthepriestinherituponthedeathofthesickpersonif

1 Thepriestisthesonofthesickperson2 The priest was the sick personrsquos

brotherA

1 YesHecangetthelegitime

͵ʹ CIVILLAWTEAMADVISERATTYELMERTRABUYASUBJECTHEADALFREDOBDIMAFELIXIIASSTSUBJECTHEADSKARENFELIZGSUPNADLAMBERTOLSANTOSIIIMEMBERSPAULELBERTEAMONALSTONANARNAOZANJFULLEROSCECILIOMJIMENOJRISMAELSARANGAYAJRCONTRIBUTORSLOISERAEGNAVALMONICAJUCOM

SUCCESSION

NoteApriest is incapacitatedtosucceedwhen the confession ismade prior to orsimultaneouslywiththemakingofawillThe disqualification applies only totestamentarydispositions

2 YesHecaninheritbyintestacyNoteDespite thisapparent restriction toChristian ministers this applies to allspiritualministersegBuddhistmonksReason It is conclusively presumed thatthe spiritual minister used his moralinfluence to induce or influence the sickperson to make a testamentarydispositioninhisfavor

GUARDIANS

QWhatisthecoverageofthisdisqualificationA It applies to guardians with respect totestamentarydispositionsgivenbyaward inhisfavor before the final accounts of theguardianship have been approved even if thetestatorshoulddieaftertheapprovalthereofQWhendoesthedisqualificationapplyA

GR The disqualification applies when thedisposition is made after the guardianshipbeganorbeforeguardianship isterminatedndashapproval of final accounts or lifting ofguardianshipXPN It does not apply even when thedisposition is made after the guardianshipbegan or before it is terminated when theguardianisanADBSS1 Ascendant2 Descendant3 Brother4 Sisteror5 Spouse

ATTESTINGWITNESSES

QWhoarecoveredbythedisqualificationA

1 Attestingwitness to theexecutionofawill

2 Theattestingwitnessrsquo

͵ʹ

a spouseb parentsorc childrenor

3 Any one claiming under such witnessspouseparentsorchildren

QWillthedisqualificationstillapplyifthereareotherwitnessestothewillAItdependsuponcompliancewiththerequisitenumber of witnesses If notwithstanding thedisqualifiedwitness the number ofwitnesses issufficienttheformerisnotdisqualified

PHYSICIANS

QUponwhomdoesthedisqualificationapplyAPSNͲHD

1 Physician2 Surgeon3 Nurse4 Healthofficeror5 Druggist

Note For the disqualification to apply theaforementioned must have taken care of thetestatorduringhislastillnessQWhatmustbepresentforthisdisqualificationtoapplyA

1 Thewillwasmadeduringthelastillness2 The sickpersonmusthavebeen taken

caredofduringhis last illness Medicalattendancewasmade

3 Thewillwasexecutedduringorafterhewasbeingtakencaredof

PROHIBITEDBYLAWTOINHERITIndividuals associations and corporations notpermittedbylawtoinherit




2UNWORTHINESSVSDISINHERITANCEQ Distinguish Unworthiness fromDisinheritanceA

͵ʹͺ CIVILLAWTEAMADVISERATTYELMERTRABUYASUBJECTHEADALFREDOBDIMAFELIXIIASSTSUBJECTHEADSKARENFELIZGSUPNADLAMBERTOLSANTOSIIIMEMBERSPAULELBERTEAMONALSTONANARNAOZANJFULLEROSCECILIOMJIMENOJRISMAELSARANGAYAJRCONTRIBUTORSLOISERAEGNAVALMONICAJUCOM

DISINHERITANCE UNWORTHINESSEffectsontheinheritance

Deprivationofacompulsoryheirofhis

legitime

ExclusionfromtheentireinheritanceHoweverdonationsintervivosarenot

affectedEffectsofpardonorreconciliation

Reconciliationbetweentheoffenderandthe

offendedpartydeprivesthelatteroftherighttodisinheritandrenders

ineffectualanydisinheritancethatmay

havebeenmade

Ifthetestatorpardonstheactofunworthiness

thecauseofunworthinessshallbe

withouteffect

Mannerofreconciliationorpardon

Expressorimplied

Grounds

Therearegroundsfordisinheritancewhicharealsocausesforincapacitybyreasonofunworthiness

Effectofsubsequentreconciliationifdisinheritancehasalreadybeenmadeonanyofthegrounds

whicharealsocausesforunworthiness

Themomentthetestatorusesoneofthecausesforunworthinessasagroundfordisinheritancehetherebysubmitsittotheruleondisinheritance

(RabuyaCivilLawReviewerpp644Ͳ649704Ͳ708)

CACCEPTANCEANDREPUDIATIONOFTHEINHERITANCE

QWhatarethethreeprincipalcharacteristicsofacceptanceandrepudiationA

1 Itisvoluntaryandfree2 Itisretroactive3 Oncemadeitisirrevocable

QWhat are the requisites of acceptance andrepudiationA

1 Certaintyofthedeathofthedecedent2 Certaintyoftherightofinheritance

ACCEPTANCEQHowmayinheritancebeacceptedA

1 Express acceptance ndash through a publicorprivateinstrument

2 Tacit acceptance ndash through acts bywhich the intention to accept isnecessarily impliedorwhichonewouldhave no right to do except in thecapacityofanheir

QWhenisinheritancedeemedacceptedA

1 Whentheheirsellsdonatesorassignshisrights

2 When the heir renounces it for thebenefitofoneormoreheirs

3 When renunciation is in favor of allheirsindiscriminatelyforconsideration

4 Othertacitactsofacceptancea Heir demands partition of the

inheritanceb Heiralienatessomeobjectsof the

inheritancec Acts of preservation or

administration if through suchacts the title or capacity of theheirhasbeenassumed

d Under Art 1057 failure to signifyacceptance or repudiation within30 days after an order ofdistributionbytheprobatecourt

REPUDIATIONQWhatarethewaysbywhichtherepudiationof the inheritance legacy or devise may bemadeA

1 Bymeansofapublicinstrument2 Bymeansofanauthenticinstrument3 Bymeansofapetitionpresentedtothe

court having jurisdiction over thetestamentaryorintestateproceedings

QWhat istheeffectofrepudiation ifanheir isbothatestateandlegalheirA Ifanheir isbotha testateand legalheir therepudiation of the inheritance as a testate heirhe is understood to have repudiated in bothcapacities However should he repudiate as alegalheirwithout knowledgeofbeinga testate

SUCCESSION

heir he may still accept the inheritance as atestateheirQWhatistheremedyiftheheirrepudiatestheinheritancetotheprejudiceofhiscreditorsA If the heir repudiates the inheritance to theprejudice of his own creditors the latter maypetition thecourt toauthorize them toaccept itinthenameoftheheirRequisites

1 Theheirwhorepudiatedhisinheritancemust have been indebted at the timewhentherepudiationismade

2 The heirͲdebtormust have repudiatedhis inheritance according to theformalitiesprescribedbylaw

3 Such act of repudiation must beprejudicialtothecreditororcreditors

4 There must be judicial authorization(Art1052)

͵ʹͻUNIVERSITYOFSANTOTOMASF a c u l t a d d e D e r e c h o C i v i l


DCOLLATIONQWhatiscollationA It is theprocessof adding the valueof thingdonatedtothenetvalueofhereditaryestateTo collate is to bring back or return to thehereditarymassinfactorfictionpropertywhichcamefromtheestateofthedecedentduringhislifetime but which the law considers as anadvancefromtheinheritanceCollation is applicable to both donations tocompulsoryheirsanddonationstostrangers

GRCompulsoryheirsareobligedtocollateXPN1 Whentestatorshouldhavesoexpressly

provided2 When compulsory heir repudiates his

inheritance

Q What are the properties that are to becollated

A1 Any propertyright received by

gratuitoustitleduringtestatorrsquoslifetime2 All thatmay have been received from

decedentduringhislifetime3 All that their parents have brought to

collationifalive

Q What are the properties not subject tocollationA

1 Absolutely no collation ndash expenses forsupport education (elementary andsecondary only) medical attendanceeven in extraͲordinary illnessapprenticeship ordinary equipment orcustomarygifts

2 Generallynotimputedtolegitimea Expenses incurred by parents in

giving their children professionalvocational or other career unlessthe parents so provide or unlesstheyimpairthelegitime

b Wedding gifts by parents andascendants consisting of jewelryclothing and outfit except whenthey exceed 110 of the sumdisposablebywill

NoteOnly the valueof the thingdonated shallbebroughttocollationThisvaluemustbethevalueofthethingatthetimeofthedonationEPARTITIONANDDISTRIBUTIONOFESTATE

1PARTITION

QWhatispartitionanddistributionAItistheseparationdivisionandassignmentofathingheldincommonamongthosetowhomitmaybelongQWhomayeffectpartitionAThepartitionmaybeeffectedeither

1 By the decedent himself during hislifetimebyanactintervivosorbywill

2 By a third person designated by thedecedentorbytheheirsthemselves

3 By a competent court in accordancewiththeNewRulesofCourt

QWhocandemandpartitionAAny

1 Compulsoryheir2 Voluntaryheir3 Legateeordevisee4 Personwhohasacquiredan interest in

theestate


͵͵Ͳ CIVILLAWTEAM


QWhenpartitioncannotbedemandedAPartitioncannotbedemandedwhenPAPU

1 Expressly Prohibited by testator for aperiodnotmorethan20years

2 CoͲheirs Agreed that estate not bedivided for period not more than 10yearsrenewableforanother10yrs

3 Prohibitedbylaw4 To partition estate would render it

Unserviceable for use forwhich itwasintended

2PARTITIONINTERVIVOS

QCananestatebepartitionedintervivosAYesSuchpartition shallbe respected insofaras it does not prejudice the legitime ofcompulsoryheirs(SeeArt1080)

3EFFECTSOFPARTITION

QWhataretheeffectsofpartitionA

1 Confers upon each heir the exclusiveownershipofpropertyadjudicated

2 AfterthepartitionthecoͲheirsshallbereciprocally bound towarrant the titleto (warranty against eviction) and thequality of (warranty against hiddendefects)eachpropertyadjudicated

3 Theobligationofwarrantyshallceasein

thefollowingcasesa When the testator himself has

made the partition unless hisintention was otherwise but thelegitime shall always remainunimpaired

b When it has been expresslystipulated in the agreement ofpartition unless there has beenbadfaith

c When the eviction was due to acausesubsequent to thepartitionorhasbeencausedbythefaultofthedistributeeoftheproperty

4 An action to enforce warranty amongcoͲheirs must be brought within 10years from thedate the rightof causeofactionaccrues

QWhat are the effects of the inclusion of anintruderinpartitionA

1 Between a true heir and severalmistakenheirsndashpartitionisvoid

2 Between several true heirs and amistaken heir ndash transmission tomistakenheirisvoid

3 Through theerrorormistake shareoftrueheir is allotted tomistakenheir ndashpartition shall not be rescinded unlessthereisbadfaithorfraudonthepartofthe other persons interested but thelatter shall be proportionately obligedtopaythetrueheirofhisshare






Q What are the prescriptive periods for bringing an action to quiet title

Q What are the things susceptible of occupation

A

1 Things that are without an owner ndash res nullius abandoned

Note Stolen property cannot be subject of occupation

A DONATION INTER VIVOS

Q What are the limitations imposed by law in making donations inter vivos

B DONATION BY REASON OF MARRIAGE

C DONATION MORTIS CAUSA

MORTIS CAUSA

D ONEROUS DONATION

E SIMPLE MODAL CONDITIONAL

4 FORMALITIES REQUIRED

A HOW MADE AND ACCEPTED

B PERFECTION

Q What are the modes of extinguishing ownership

A

SALES

Q Who are the persons with relative incapacity to be the vendee in a contract of sale

A AGE-COP

Q Who are those persons specially disqualified by law to enter into contracts of sale

Note The presumption is Emptio Rei Speratae

Two Views

Paras Buyer except

1 when object sold consists of fungible goods for a price fixed

2 when seller is guilty of fraud negligence default or violation of contractual terms or

3 when object sold is generic

Q What are the effects of waiver of an implied warranty

Q State the classifications of partnership

Q What are the different kinds of partnership under the Spanish Civil Code

Q Who may be partners

Q What is the principle of delectus personae

Q What are the different kinds of partners

A

1 Capitalist ndash Contributes money or property to the common fund

Q What are the obligations of a partner

GR Unanimous consent of all the managing partners shall be necessary for the validity of the acts and absence or inability of any managing partner cannot be alleged

XPN Where there is an imminent danger of grave or irreparable injury to the partnership

II RIGHTS AND OBLIGATIONS OF PARTNERSHIP

Q What are the responsibilities of a partnership to partners

Q What are the rules regarding obligations to contribute to partnership capital

PARTNER WHO RECEIVES SHARE OF PARTNERSHIP CREDIT

Q What is the obligation of a partner who receives share of partnership credit

A SIM

Q What is limited partnership

Q What are the characteristics of limited partnership

Q When is there a partnership tort

Q What are the classifications of agency

Q What are the effects of the acts of an agent

Q What are the distinctions between authority and the principalrsquos instructions

Q Who is a factorcommission agent

Q Who is a broker

Q What is factorage

Q What is ordinary commission

Q What are the prohibited acts of an agent

1 Personal acts

2 Criminal or illegal acts

A Both principal and agent must be

1 Present

2 Capacitated

3 Solvent (De Leon Comments and Cases on Partnership Agency and Trust p 610 2005 ed)

Q Can the heirs continue the agency

Q What is credit transaction

Q What do credit transactions include

Q What are the kinds of loan

Q What are the kinds of commodatum

COMMODATUM

LEASE

Real contract

Consensual

Essentially gratuitous

Onerous

COMMODATUM

Q What are the obligations of the bailor

Q Must the bailor be the owner of the thing loaned

Q Is there right of retention in commodatum

Q When is a contract of deposit constituted

XPN Liability of loss through fortuitous event

XPNs to XPN Even in case of loss through fortuitous event still liable if (USAD)

Q Where should the thing deposited be returned

Q What is guaranty

Q What is the benefit of excussion

Q What is pactum commisorium

Q What are the essential requisites for a contract of pledge

Q What is real estate mortgage (REM)

Q What is foreclosure

Q What are the options or remedies of the mortgagee in case of death of the debtor

Q Can the mortgagee recover the deficiency

Q What are the characteristics of chattel mortgage

Q What are the laws that govern chattel mortgages

Q What may be the subject matter of chattel mortgage

Q What is affidavit of good faith

Q What are the offenses involving chattel mortgage

Q How is chattel mortgage foreclosed

Q What is antichresis

Q What is the extent of liability of a debtor for his obligations

Q What are the preferred credits with respect to specific immovable property

Q What is the order of preference with respect to other properties of the debtor

Q What is the order of preference of credits

Q What is the principle of vicarious liability or law on imputed negligence

A Under Art 2180 a person is not only liable for torts committed by him but also for torts committed by others with whom he has a certain relation or for whom he is responsible

Q What is the ldquobut forrdquo test

Q What is the substantial factor test

Q What is the principle of concurrent causes

A Where the concurrent or successive negligent acts or omissions of two or more persons although acting independently are in combination with the direct and proximate cause of a single injury to a 3rd person and it is impossible to determine what proportion each contributed to the injury either of them is responsible for the whole injury even though his act alone might not have caused the entire injury

Q What is the test of negligence

A The test is Would a prudent man in the position of the tortfeasor foresee harm to the person injured as a reasonable consequence of the course about to be pursued If so the law imposes a duty on the actor to take precaution against its mischievous results and failure to do so constitutes negligence (Picart v Smith GR No L-12219 Mar 15 1918)


Where one of two innocent person must suffer a loss it should be borne by the one who occasioned it

SUCCESSION

QAreafterͲacquiredpropertiesofthedecedenttransmissibleA

GR Property acquired during the periodbetween the execution of the will and thedeathofthetestatorisnotincludedXPN When a contrary intention expresslyappearsinthewill(Art793)NoteAppliesonlytolegaciesanddevisesandnottoinstitutionofheirs The inheritanceofaperson includesnotonlythepropertyandthetransmissiblerightsandobligations existing at the timeof his deathbut also those which have accrued theretosincetheopeningofthesuccession(Art781)

Q What is the general rule as regardstransmissibilityofrightsAIftherightorobligationisintuitupersonaeitisintransmissibleotherwiseitistransmissibleNoteIntuitupersonaemeansstrictlypersonalQWhatrightsarenottransferredbythedeathofapersonA

1 Purelypersonalrights2 Rightswhich aremade intransmissible

bystipulationoftheparties3 Rights which are intransmissible by

provisionoflawNoteAllother rightsare transmissible to theheirsuponthedeathofapersonQWhatare the rights thatareextinguishedbydeathAPAPULP

1 Partnershiprights2 Agency3 Personaleasements4 Usufruct5 Legalsupport6 Parentalauthority

Q What obligations or contracts are nottransmittedbydeathAThosewhicharemadeintransmissible

ʹͺͳ

1 bytheirnature2 bystipulationor3 byprovisionoflaw(Art1311)

NoteThisisanexceptiontothegeneralrulethatcontracts or obligations are binding upon thepartiestheirheirsorsuccessorsͲinͲinterestQ What are the obligations that areextinguishedbydeathA

1 Monetary obligations are nottransmittedtotheheirs

2 NonͲmonetary obligations aretransmittedtotheheirs

QMayheirsbeheldliableforthedebtsorobligationsofthedecedentA

GRNoItistheestatethatpaysforthedebtsleftbythedecedentXPN It is true that theheirsassume liabilityfor thedebtsof thedecedent although it islimitedonly to theextentof thevalueof theinheritance received (Estate of Hemady vLuzon Surety Co GR No LͲ8437 Nov 281956)

NoteTheheirsarenotpersonallyliablewiththeirownindividualpropertiesforthemonetaryobligationsdebtsleftbythedecedentQ Is a contract of guaranty extinguished bydeathANo because a contract of guaranty does notfall in any of the exceptions under Art 1311(relativityofcontracts)Aguarantorrsquosobligationisbasicallytopaythecreditoriftheprincipaldebtorcannot pay Payment does not require anypersonal qualifications The personalqualifications become relevant only at the timetheobligationisincurredbutnotsoatthetimeofdischargeor fulfillmentof theobligation (EstateofHemady v Luzon Surety Co IncGRNo LͲ8437Nov281956)Q The wife died while the action for legalseparationwaspendingHerchildrenhoweverwanted to continue the action They ask thatthey be allowed to substitute their deceasedmother arguing that the action should beallowedtocontinueDecideAThechildrencannotbesubstitutedinanactionfor legal separation upon the death of theirmother who filed the case An action for legalseparation is purely personal on the part of theinnocent spouse because such an action affects



















thedeviseis



liquidated


fixedamount



paidorgiven



Astowhentheyexist

SUCCESSION


intestate


Effectofpreterition





impaired


inofficious






A


successionalrights





















Survivingspouse(SS)




















WILLS

1INGENERAL














SUCCESSION
















contraryintentionor

























ʹͺ







SUCCESSION






3FORM






testator3











CNOTARIALWILLS



(1)ARTS805Ͳ806













SUCCESSION












(4)REQUISITES








DHOLOGRAPHICWILLS

(1)REQUIREMENTS













SUCCESSION
























SUCCESSION









dispositions




priorwill




thesame





other






6REVOCATIONKINDS

























ʹͻͶ







SUCCESSION









ʹͻͷ













APROBATEREQUIREMENT












SUCCESSION








ʹͻ



















2 Intimidation



4 Mistake




SUCCESSION





















1PRETERITION










SUCCESSION














PRETERITION



impaired














2KINDS








PARTIES OBLIGATIONS





Testator None


DIRECT SUBSTITUTION





same


sometime




successivelyenjoyed


thesame



limited

SUCCESSION







Thereare2transfers


property




property


matter
















1 FIDUCIARY















3FIDEICOMMISSARY



͵ͲͶ




SUCCESSION










ELEGITIME


1DEFINITION

QDefinelegitime






A














SUCCESSION









͵Ͳ

























A













TABLESOFLEGITIMES




















childrenorascendant







descendant


SUCCESSION











13ofthenetestate

Shareofthe

survivingspouse

13ofthenetestate

Freeportion

13ofthenetestate


Sharesandof


ascendants




Freeportion





Survivingspouse






Sharesandof


ascendants


Survivingspouse

18ofthenetestate



Freeportion

18ofthenetestate


Survivingspouseonly


Freeportion


Survivingspouseonly


diedwin3months)

13ofthenetestate

Freeportion

23ofthenetestate

Survivingspouseonly



Freeportion



͵ͳͲ CIVILLAWTEAM





Freeportion






Freeportion




Shareofthe

survivingspouse


Freeportion






LCDaloneSS

frac14(SS)

LCDSS


LCDILCD


OneLCDOneILCDSS


LCDILCDSS


LPAILCD

frac14(ILCD)

SUCCESSION

LPASS

frac14(SS)

LPASSILCD

Я(SS)

ILCDSS

1616

SS frac12or Ы

ILPASS

frac14frac14

BSNN frac12

SSBSNN

frac12(BSNN)

͵ͳͳ













Step 4 Collation



Step 3 Net Value






SUCCESSION











͵ͳ͵





























SUCCESSION















ORIGIN


PROPOSITUS



RESERVISTA



͵ͳ CIVILLAWTEAM









RESERVATARIOS















SUCCESSION



ORIGIN





RESERVISTA



RESERVATARIO



4DISINHERITANCE





























SUCCESSION



c Spouse



























6 Allothersprorata








LDPO1 Legitimeof


vivos3 Preferential

legaciesordevises




6 Allothersprorata








SUCCESSION




AGENERALPROVISIONS

1RELATIONSHIP

















degree8 TheState










͵ʹʹ










SUCCESSION






















preventsuch






childwhodied



(D)dagger

Legit Xdagger

legit (X1)

Illegit Ydagger

illegit (X2)

legit (Y2)

illegit (Y1)





















ARIGHTOFACCRETION



SUCCESSION






































decedent

























brotherA



SUCCESSION



GUARDIANS



ATTESTINGWITNESSES




͵ʹ




PHYSICIANS















legitime






havebeenmade



withouteffect


Expressorimplied

Grounds



























SUCCESSION











inheritance





collationifalive







1PARTITION







theestate


͵͵Ͳ CIVILLAWTEAM









3EFFECTSOFPARTITION





















A







MORTIS CAUSA

D ONEROUS DONATION




B PERFECTION


A

SALES


A AGE-COP



Two Views

Paras Buyer except










A










A SIM








Q Who is a broker

Q What is factorage



1 Personal acts



1 Present

2 Capacitated







COMMODATUM

LEASE

Real contract

Consensual


Onerous

COMMODATUM








Q What is guaranty













































thedeviseis



liquidated


fixedamount



paidorgiven



Astowhentheyexist

SUCCESSION


intestate


Effectofpreterition





impaired


inofficious






A


successionalrights





















Survivingspouse(SS)




















WILLS

1INGENERAL














SUCCESSION
















contraryintentionor

























ʹͺ







SUCCESSION






3FORM






testator3











CNOTARIALWILLS



(1)ARTS805Ͳ806













SUCCESSION












(4)REQUISITES








DHOLOGRAPHICWILLS

(1)REQUIREMENTS













SUCCESSION
























SUCCESSION









dispositions




priorwill




thesame





other






6REVOCATIONKINDS

























ʹͻͶ







SUCCESSION









ʹͻͷ













APROBATEREQUIREMENT












SUCCESSION








ʹͻ



















2 Intimidation



4 Mistake




SUCCESSION





















1PRETERITION










SUCCESSION














PRETERITION



impaired














2KINDS








PARTIES OBLIGATIONS





Testator None


DIRECT SUBSTITUTION





same


sometime




successivelyenjoyed


thesame



limited

SUCCESSION







Thereare2transfers


property




property


matter
















1 FIDUCIARY















3FIDEICOMMISSARY



͵ͲͶ




SUCCESSION










ELEGITIME


1DEFINITION

QDefinelegitime






A














SUCCESSION









͵Ͳ

























A













TABLESOFLEGITIMES




















childrenorascendant







descendant


SUCCESSION











13ofthenetestate

Shareofthe

survivingspouse

13ofthenetestate

Freeportion

13ofthenetestate


Sharesandof


ascendants




Freeportion





Survivingspouse






Sharesandof


ascendants


Survivingspouse

18ofthenetestate



Freeportion

18ofthenetestate


Survivingspouseonly


Freeportion


Survivingspouseonly


diedwin3months)

13ofthenetestate

Freeportion

23ofthenetestate

Survivingspouseonly



Freeportion



͵ͳͲ CIVILLAWTEAM





Freeportion






Freeportion




Shareofthe

survivingspouse


Freeportion






LCDaloneSS

frac14(SS)

LCDSS


LCDILCD


OneLCDOneILCDSS


LCDILCDSS


LPAILCD

frac14(ILCD)

SUCCESSION

LPASS

frac14(SS)

LPASSILCD

Я(SS)

ILCDSS

1616

SS frac12or Ы

ILPASS

frac14frac14

BSNN frac12

SSBSNN

frac12(BSNN)

͵ͳͳ













Step 4 Collation



Step 3 Net Value






SUCCESSION











͵ͳ͵





























SUCCESSION















ORIGIN


PROPOSITUS



RESERVISTA



͵ͳ CIVILLAWTEAM









RESERVATARIOS















SUCCESSION



ORIGIN





RESERVISTA



RESERVATARIO



4DISINHERITANCE





























SUCCESSION



c Spouse



























6 Allothersprorata








LDPO1 Legitimeof


vivos3 Preferential

legaciesordevises




6 Allothersprorata








SUCCESSION




AGENERALPROVISIONS

1RELATIONSHIP

















degree8 TheState










͵ʹʹ










SUCCESSION






















preventsuch






childwhodied



(D)dagger

Legit Xdagger

legit (X1)

Illegit Ydagger

illegit (X2)

legit (Y2)

illegit (Y1)





















ARIGHTOFACCRETION



SUCCESSION






































decedent

























brotherA



SUCCESSION



GUARDIANS



ATTESTINGWITNESSES




͵ʹ




PHYSICIANS















legitime






havebeenmade



withouteffect


Expressorimplied

Grounds



























SUCCESSION











inheritance





collationifalive







1PARTITION







theestate


͵͵Ͳ CIVILLAWTEAM









3EFFECTSOFPARTITION





















A







MORTIS CAUSA

D ONEROUS DONATION




B PERFECTION


A

SALES


A AGE-COP



Two Views

Paras Buyer except










A










A SIM








Q Who is a broker

Q What is factorage



1 Personal acts



1 Present

2 Capacitated







COMMODATUM

LEASE

Real contract

Consensual


Onerous

COMMODATUM








Q What is guaranty





























SUCCESSION


intestate


Effectofpreterition





impaired


inofficious






A


successionalrights





















Survivingspouse(SS)




















WILLS

1INGENERAL














SUCCESSION
















contraryintentionor

























ʹͺ







SUCCESSION






3FORM






testator3











CNOTARIALWILLS



(1)ARTS805Ͳ806













SUCCESSION












(4)REQUISITES








DHOLOGRAPHICWILLS

(1)REQUIREMENTS













SUCCESSION
























SUCCESSION









dispositions




priorwill




thesame





other






6REVOCATIONKINDS

























ʹͻͶ







SUCCESSION









ʹͻͷ













APROBATEREQUIREMENT












SUCCESSION








ʹͻ



















2 Intimidation



4 Mistake




SUCCESSION





















1PRETERITION










SUCCESSION














PRETERITION



impaired














2KINDS








PARTIES OBLIGATIONS





Testator None


DIRECT SUBSTITUTION





same


sometime




successivelyenjoyed


thesame



limited

SUCCESSION







Thereare2transfers


property




property


matter
















1 FIDUCIARY















3FIDEICOMMISSARY



͵ͲͶ




SUCCESSION










ELEGITIME


1DEFINITION

QDefinelegitime






A














SUCCESSION









͵Ͳ

























A













TABLESOFLEGITIMES




















childrenorascendant







descendant


SUCCESSION











13ofthenetestate

Shareofthe

survivingspouse

13ofthenetestate

Freeportion

13ofthenetestate


Sharesandof


ascendants




Freeportion





Survivingspouse






Sharesandof


ascendants


Survivingspouse

18ofthenetestate



Freeportion

18ofthenetestate


Survivingspouseonly


Freeportion


Survivingspouseonly


diedwin3months)

13ofthenetestate

Freeportion

23ofthenetestate

Survivingspouseonly



Freeportion



͵ͳͲ CIVILLAWTEAM





Freeportion






Freeportion




Shareofthe

survivingspouse


Freeportion






LCDaloneSS

frac14(SS)

LCDSS


LCDILCD


OneLCDOneILCDSS


LCDILCDSS


LPAILCD

frac14(ILCD)

SUCCESSION

LPASS

frac14(SS)

LPASSILCD

Я(SS)

ILCDSS

1616

SS frac12or Ы

ILPASS

frac14frac14

BSNN frac12

SSBSNN

frac12(BSNN)

͵ͳͳ













Step 4 Collation



Step 3 Net Value






SUCCESSION











͵ͳ͵





























SUCCESSION















ORIGIN


PROPOSITUS



RESERVISTA



͵ͳ CIVILLAWTEAM









RESERVATARIOS















SUCCESSION



ORIGIN





RESERVISTA



RESERVATARIO



4DISINHERITANCE





























SUCCESSION



c Spouse



























6 Allothersprorata








LDPO1 Legitimeof


vivos3 Preferential

legaciesordevises




6 Allothersprorata








SUCCESSION




AGENERALPROVISIONS

1RELATIONSHIP

















degree8 TheState










͵ʹʹ










SUCCESSION






















preventsuch






childwhodied



(D)dagger

Legit Xdagger

legit (X1)

Illegit Ydagger

illegit (X2)

legit (Y2)

illegit (Y1)





















ARIGHTOFACCRETION



SUCCESSION






































decedent

























brotherA



SUCCESSION



GUARDIANS



ATTESTINGWITNESSES




͵ʹ




PHYSICIANS















legitime






havebeenmade



withouteffect


Expressorimplied

Grounds



























SUCCESSION











inheritance





collationifalive







1PARTITION







theestate


͵͵Ͳ CIVILLAWTEAM









3EFFECTSOFPARTITION





















A







MORTIS CAUSA

D ONEROUS DONATION




B PERFECTION


A

SALES


A AGE-COP



Two Views

Paras Buyer except










A










A SIM








Q Who is a broker

Q What is factorage



1 Personal acts



1 Present

2 Capacitated







COMMODATUM

LEASE

Real contract

Consensual


Onerous

COMMODATUM








Q What is guaranty












































WILLS

1INGENERAL














SUCCESSION
















contraryintentionor

























ʹͺ







SUCCESSION






3FORM






testator3











CNOTARIALWILLS



(1)ARTS805Ͳ806













SUCCESSION












(4)REQUISITES








DHOLOGRAPHICWILLS

(1)REQUIREMENTS













SUCCESSION
























SUCCESSION









dispositions




priorwill




thesame





other






6REVOCATIONKINDS

























ʹͻͶ







SUCCESSION









ʹͻͷ













APROBATEREQUIREMENT












SUCCESSION








ʹͻ



















2 Intimidation



4 Mistake




SUCCESSION





















1PRETERITION










SUCCESSION














PRETERITION



impaired














2KINDS








PARTIES OBLIGATIONS





Testator None


DIRECT SUBSTITUTION





same


sometime




successivelyenjoyed


thesame



limited

SUCCESSION







Thereare2transfers


property




property


matter
















1 FIDUCIARY















3FIDEICOMMISSARY



͵ͲͶ




SUCCESSION










ELEGITIME


1DEFINITION

QDefinelegitime






A














SUCCESSION









͵Ͳ

























A













TABLESOFLEGITIMES




















childrenorascendant







descendant


SUCCESSION











13ofthenetestate

Shareofthe

survivingspouse

13ofthenetestate

Freeportion

13ofthenetestate


Sharesandof


ascendants




Freeportion





Survivingspouse






Sharesandof


ascendants


Survivingspouse

18ofthenetestate



Freeportion

18ofthenetestate


Survivingspouseonly


Freeportion


Survivingspouseonly


diedwin3months)

13ofthenetestate

Freeportion

23ofthenetestate

Survivingspouseonly



Freeportion



͵ͳͲ CIVILLAWTEAM





Freeportion






Freeportion




Shareofthe

survivingspouse


Freeportion






LCDaloneSS

frac14(SS)

LCDSS


LCDILCD


OneLCDOneILCDSS


LCDILCDSS


LPAILCD

frac14(ILCD)

SUCCESSION

LPASS

frac14(SS)

LPASSILCD

Я(SS)

ILCDSS

1616

SS frac12or Ы

ILPASS

frac14frac14

BSNN frac12

SSBSNN

frac12(BSNN)

͵ͳͳ













Step 4 Collation



Step 3 Net Value






SUCCESSION











͵ͳ͵





























SUCCESSION















ORIGIN


PROPOSITUS



RESERVISTA



͵ͳ CIVILLAWTEAM









RESERVATARIOS















SUCCESSION



ORIGIN





RESERVISTA



RESERVATARIO



4DISINHERITANCE





























SUCCESSION



c Spouse



























6 Allothersprorata








LDPO1 Legitimeof


vivos3 Preferential

legaciesordevises




6 Allothersprorata








SUCCESSION




AGENERALPROVISIONS

1RELATIONSHIP

















degree8 TheState










͵ʹʹ










SUCCESSION






















preventsuch






childwhodied



(D)dagger

Legit Xdagger

legit (X1)

Illegit Ydagger

illegit (X2)

legit (Y2)

illegit (Y1)





















ARIGHTOFACCRETION



SUCCESSION






































decedent

























brotherA



SUCCESSION



GUARDIANS



ATTESTINGWITNESSES




͵ʹ




PHYSICIANS















legitime






havebeenmade



withouteffect


Expressorimplied

Grounds



























SUCCESSION











inheritance





collationifalive







1PARTITION







theestate


͵͵Ͳ CIVILLAWTEAM









3EFFECTSOFPARTITION





















A







MORTIS CAUSA

D ONEROUS DONATION




B PERFECTION


A

SALES


A AGE-COP



Two Views

Paras Buyer except










A










A SIM








Q Who is a broker

Q What is factorage



1 Personal acts



1 Present

2 Capacitated







COMMODATUM

LEASE

Real contract

Consensual


Onerous

COMMODATUM








Q What is guaranty





























SUCCESSION
















contraryintentionor

























ʹͺ







SUCCESSION






3FORM






testator3











CNOTARIALWILLS



(1)ARTS805Ͳ806













SUCCESSION












(4)REQUISITES








DHOLOGRAPHICWILLS

(1)REQUIREMENTS













SUCCESSION
























SUCCESSION









dispositions




priorwill




thesame





other






6REVOCATIONKINDS

























ʹͻͶ







SUCCESSION









ʹͻͷ













APROBATEREQUIREMENT












SUCCESSION








ʹͻ



















2 Intimidation



4 Mistake




SUCCESSION





















1PRETERITION










SUCCESSION














PRETERITION



impaired














2KINDS








PARTIES OBLIGATIONS





Testator None


DIRECT SUBSTITUTION





same


sometime




successivelyenjoyed


thesame



limited

SUCCESSION







Thereare2transfers


property




property


matter
















1 FIDUCIARY















3FIDEICOMMISSARY



͵ͲͶ




SUCCESSION










ELEGITIME


1DEFINITION

QDefinelegitime






A














SUCCESSION









͵Ͳ

























A













TABLESOFLEGITIMES




















childrenorascendant







descendant


SUCCESSION











13ofthenetestate

Shareofthe

survivingspouse

13ofthenetestate

Freeportion

13ofthenetestate


Sharesandof


ascendants




Freeportion





Survivingspouse






Sharesandof


ascendants


Survivingspouse

18ofthenetestate



Freeportion

18ofthenetestate


Survivingspouseonly


Freeportion


Survivingspouseonly


diedwin3months)

13ofthenetestate

Freeportion

23ofthenetestate

Survivingspouseonly



Freeportion



͵ͳͲ CIVILLAWTEAM





Freeportion






Freeportion




Shareofthe

survivingspouse


Freeportion






LCDaloneSS

frac14(SS)

LCDSS


LCDILCD


OneLCDOneILCDSS


LCDILCDSS


LPAILCD

frac14(ILCD)

SUCCESSION

LPASS

frac14(SS)

LPASSILCD

Я(SS)

ILCDSS

1616

SS frac12or Ы

ILPASS

frac14frac14

BSNN frac12

SSBSNN

frac12(BSNN)

͵ͳͳ













Step 4 Collation



Step 3 Net Value






SUCCESSION











͵ͳ͵





























SUCCESSION















ORIGIN


PROPOSITUS



RESERVISTA



͵ͳ CIVILLAWTEAM









RESERVATARIOS















SUCCESSION



ORIGIN





RESERVISTA



RESERVATARIO



4DISINHERITANCE





























SUCCESSION



c Spouse



























6 Allothersprorata








LDPO1 Legitimeof


vivos3 Preferential

legaciesordevises




6 Allothersprorata








SUCCESSION




AGENERALPROVISIONS

1RELATIONSHIP

















degree8 TheState










͵ʹʹ










SUCCESSION






















preventsuch






childwhodied



(D)dagger

Legit Xdagger

legit (X1)

Illegit Ydagger

illegit (X2)

legit (Y2)

illegit (Y1)





















ARIGHTOFACCRETION



SUCCESSION






































decedent

























brotherA



SUCCESSION



GUARDIANS



ATTESTINGWITNESSES




͵ʹ




PHYSICIANS















legitime






havebeenmade



withouteffect


Expressorimplied

Grounds



























SUCCESSION











inheritance





collationifalive







1PARTITION







theestate


͵͵Ͳ CIVILLAWTEAM









3EFFECTSOFPARTITION





















A







MORTIS CAUSA

D ONEROUS DONATION




B PERFECTION


A

SALES


A AGE-COP



Two Views

Paras Buyer except










A










A SIM








Q Who is a broker

Q What is factorage



1 Personal acts



1 Present

2 Capacitated







COMMODATUM

LEASE

Real contract

Consensual


Onerous

COMMODATUM








Q What is guaranty






































ʹͺ







SUCCESSION






3FORM






testator3











CNOTARIALWILLS



(1)ARTS805Ͳ806













SUCCESSION












(4)REQUISITES








DHOLOGRAPHICWILLS

(1)REQUIREMENTS













SUCCESSION
























SUCCESSION









dispositions




priorwill




thesame





other






6REVOCATIONKINDS

























ʹͻͶ







SUCCESSION









ʹͻͷ













APROBATEREQUIREMENT












SUCCESSION








ʹͻ



















2 Intimidation



4 Mistake




SUCCESSION





















1PRETERITION










SUCCESSION














PRETERITION



impaired














2KINDS








PARTIES OBLIGATIONS





Testator None


DIRECT SUBSTITUTION





same


sometime




successivelyenjoyed


thesame



limited

SUCCESSION







Thereare2transfers


property




property


matter
















1 FIDUCIARY















3FIDEICOMMISSARY



͵ͲͶ




SUCCESSION










ELEGITIME


1DEFINITION

QDefinelegitime






A














SUCCESSION









͵Ͳ

























A













TABLESOFLEGITIMES




















childrenorascendant







descendant


SUCCESSION











13ofthenetestate

Shareofthe

survivingspouse

13ofthenetestate

Freeportion

13ofthenetestate


Sharesandof


ascendants




Freeportion





Survivingspouse






Sharesandof


ascendants


Survivingspouse

18ofthenetestate



Freeportion

18ofthenetestate


Survivingspouseonly


Freeportion


Survivingspouseonly


diedwin3months)

13ofthenetestate

Freeportion

23ofthenetestate

Survivingspouseonly



Freeportion



͵ͳͲ CIVILLAWTEAM





Freeportion






Freeportion




Shareofthe

survivingspouse


Freeportion






LCDaloneSS

frac14(SS)

LCDSS


LCDILCD


OneLCDOneILCDSS


LCDILCDSS


LPAILCD

frac14(ILCD)

SUCCESSION

LPASS

frac14(SS)

LPASSILCD

Я(SS)

ILCDSS

1616

SS frac12or Ы

ILPASS

frac14frac14

BSNN frac12

SSBSNN

frac12(BSNN)

͵ͳͳ













Step 4 Collation



Step 3 Net Value






SUCCESSION











͵ͳ͵





























SUCCESSION















ORIGIN


PROPOSITUS



RESERVISTA



͵ͳ CIVILLAWTEAM









RESERVATARIOS















SUCCESSION



ORIGIN





RESERVISTA



RESERVATARIO



4DISINHERITANCE





























SUCCESSION



c Spouse



























6 Allothersprorata








LDPO1 Legitimeof


vivos3 Preferential

legaciesordevises




6 Allothersprorata








SUCCESSION




AGENERALPROVISIONS

1RELATIONSHIP

















degree8 TheState










͵ʹʹ










SUCCESSION






















preventsuch






childwhodied



(D)dagger

Legit Xdagger

legit (X1)

Illegit Ydagger

illegit (X2)

legit (Y2)

illegit (Y1)





















ARIGHTOFACCRETION



SUCCESSION






































decedent

























brotherA



SUCCESSION



GUARDIANS



ATTESTINGWITNESSES




͵ʹ




PHYSICIANS















legitime






havebeenmade



withouteffect


Expressorimplied

Grounds



























SUCCESSION











inheritance





collationifalive







1PARTITION







theestate


͵͵Ͳ CIVILLAWTEAM









3EFFECTSOFPARTITION





















A







MORTIS CAUSA

D ONEROUS DONATION




B PERFECTION


A

SALES


A AGE-COP



Two Views

Paras Buyer except










A










A SIM








Q Who is a broker

Q What is factorage



1 Personal acts



1 Present

2 Capacitated







COMMODATUM

LEASE

Real contract

Consensual


Onerous

COMMODATUM








Q What is guaranty





























SUCCESSION






3FORM






testator3











CNOTARIALWILLS



(1)ARTS805Ͳ806













SUCCESSION












(4)REQUISITES








DHOLOGRAPHICWILLS

(1)REQUIREMENTS













SUCCESSION
























SUCCESSION









dispositions




priorwill




thesame





other






6REVOCATIONKINDS

























ʹͻͶ







SUCCESSION









ʹͻͷ













APROBATEREQUIREMENT












SUCCESSION








ʹͻ



















2 Intimidation



4 Mistake




SUCCESSION





















1PRETERITION










SUCCESSION














PRETERITION



impaired














2KINDS








PARTIES OBLIGATIONS





Testator None


DIRECT SUBSTITUTION





same


sometime




successivelyenjoyed


thesame



limited

SUCCESSION







Thereare2transfers


property




property


matter
















1 FIDUCIARY















3FIDEICOMMISSARY



͵ͲͶ




SUCCESSION










ELEGITIME


1DEFINITION

QDefinelegitime






A














SUCCESSION









͵Ͳ

























A













TABLESOFLEGITIMES




















childrenorascendant







descendant


SUCCESSION











13ofthenetestate

Shareofthe

survivingspouse

13ofthenetestate

Freeportion

13ofthenetestate


Sharesandof


ascendants




Freeportion





Survivingspouse






Sharesandof


ascendants


Survivingspouse

18ofthenetestate



Freeportion

18ofthenetestate


Survivingspouseonly


Freeportion


Survivingspouseonly


diedwin3months)

13ofthenetestate

Freeportion

23ofthenetestate

Survivingspouseonly



Freeportion



͵ͳͲ CIVILLAWTEAM





Freeportion






Freeportion




Shareofthe

survivingspouse


Freeportion






LCDaloneSS

frac14(SS)

LCDSS


LCDILCD


OneLCDOneILCDSS


LCDILCDSS


LPAILCD

frac14(ILCD)

SUCCESSION

LPASS

frac14(SS)

LPASSILCD

Я(SS)

ILCDSS

1616

SS frac12or Ы

ILPASS

frac14frac14

BSNN frac12

SSBSNN

frac12(BSNN)

͵ͳͳ













Step 4 Collation



Step 3 Net Value






SUCCESSION











͵ͳ͵





























SUCCESSION















ORIGIN


PROPOSITUS



RESERVISTA



͵ͳ CIVILLAWTEAM









RESERVATARIOS















SUCCESSION



ORIGIN





RESERVISTA



RESERVATARIO



4DISINHERITANCE





























SUCCESSION



c Spouse



























6 Allothersprorata








LDPO1 Legitimeof


vivos3 Preferential

legaciesordevises




6 Allothersprorata








SUCCESSION




AGENERALPROVISIONS

1RELATIONSHIP

















degree8 TheState










͵ʹʹ










SUCCESSION






















preventsuch






childwhodied



(D)dagger

Legit Xdagger

legit (X1)

Illegit Ydagger

illegit (X2)

legit (Y2)

illegit (Y1)





















ARIGHTOFACCRETION



SUCCESSION






































decedent

























brotherA



SUCCESSION



GUARDIANS



ATTESTINGWITNESSES




͵ʹ




PHYSICIANS















legitime






havebeenmade



withouteffect


Expressorimplied

Grounds



























SUCCESSION











inheritance





collationifalive







1PARTITION







theestate


͵͵Ͳ CIVILLAWTEAM









3EFFECTSOFPARTITION





















A







MORTIS CAUSA

D ONEROUS DONATION




B PERFECTION


A

SALES


A AGE-COP



Two Views

Paras Buyer except










A










A SIM








Q Who is a broker

Q What is factorage



1 Personal acts



1 Present

2 Capacitated







COMMODATUM

LEASE

Real contract

Consensual


Onerous

COMMODATUM








Q What is guaranty





































CNOTARIALWILLS



(1)ARTS805Ͳ806













SUCCESSION












(4)REQUISITES








DHOLOGRAPHICWILLS

(1)REQUIREMENTS













SUCCESSION
























SUCCESSION









dispositions




priorwill




thesame





other






6REVOCATIONKINDS

























ʹͻͶ







SUCCESSION









ʹͻͷ













APROBATEREQUIREMENT












SUCCESSION








ʹͻ



















2 Intimidation



4 Mistake




SUCCESSION





















1PRETERITION










SUCCESSION














PRETERITION



impaired














2KINDS








PARTIES OBLIGATIONS





Testator None


DIRECT SUBSTITUTION





same


sometime




successivelyenjoyed


thesame



limited

SUCCESSION







Thereare2transfers


property




property


matter
















1 FIDUCIARY















3FIDEICOMMISSARY



͵ͲͶ




SUCCESSION










ELEGITIME


1DEFINITION

QDefinelegitime






A














SUCCESSION









͵Ͳ

























A













TABLESOFLEGITIMES




















childrenorascendant







descendant


SUCCESSION











13ofthenetestate

Shareofthe

survivingspouse

13ofthenetestate

Freeportion

13ofthenetestate


Sharesandof


ascendants




Freeportion





Survivingspouse






Sharesandof


ascendants


Survivingspouse

18ofthenetestate



Freeportion

18ofthenetestate


Survivingspouseonly


Freeportion


Survivingspouseonly


diedwin3months)

13ofthenetestate

Freeportion

23ofthenetestate

Survivingspouseonly



Freeportion



͵ͳͲ CIVILLAWTEAM





Freeportion






Freeportion




Shareofthe

survivingspouse


Freeportion






LCDaloneSS

frac14(SS)

LCDSS


LCDILCD


OneLCDOneILCDSS


LCDILCDSS


LPAILCD

frac14(ILCD)

SUCCESSION

LPASS

frac14(SS)

LPASSILCD

Я(SS)

ILCDSS

1616

SS frac12or Ы

ILPASS

frac14frac14

BSNN frac12

SSBSNN

frac12(BSNN)

͵ͳͳ













Step 4 Collation



Step 3 Net Value






SUCCESSION











͵ͳ͵





























SUCCESSION















ORIGIN


PROPOSITUS



RESERVISTA



͵ͳ CIVILLAWTEAM









RESERVATARIOS















SUCCESSION



ORIGIN





RESERVISTA



RESERVATARIO



4DISINHERITANCE





























SUCCESSION



c Spouse



























6 Allothersprorata








LDPO1 Legitimeof


vivos3 Preferential

legaciesordevises




6 Allothersprorata








SUCCESSION




AGENERALPROVISIONS

1RELATIONSHIP

















degree8 TheState










͵ʹʹ










SUCCESSION






















preventsuch






childwhodied



(D)dagger

Legit Xdagger

legit (X1)

Illegit Ydagger

illegit (X2)

legit (Y2)

illegit (Y1)





















ARIGHTOFACCRETION



SUCCESSION






































decedent

























brotherA



SUCCESSION



GUARDIANS



ATTESTINGWITNESSES




͵ʹ




PHYSICIANS















legitime






havebeenmade



withouteffect


Expressorimplied

Grounds



























SUCCESSION











inheritance





collationifalive







1PARTITION







theestate


͵͵Ͳ CIVILLAWTEAM









3EFFECTSOFPARTITION





















A







MORTIS CAUSA

D ONEROUS DONATION




B PERFECTION


A

SALES


A AGE-COP



Two Views

Paras Buyer except










A










A SIM








Q Who is a broker

Q What is factorage



1 Personal acts



1 Present

2 Capacitated







COMMODATUM

LEASE

Real contract

Consensual


Onerous

COMMODATUM








Q What is guaranty





























SUCCESSION












(4)REQUISITES








DHOLOGRAPHICWILLS

(1)REQUIREMENTS













SUCCESSION
























SUCCESSION









dispositions




priorwill




thesame





other






6REVOCATIONKINDS

























ʹͻͶ







SUCCESSION









ʹͻͷ













APROBATEREQUIREMENT












SUCCESSION








ʹͻ



















2 Intimidation



4 Mistake




SUCCESSION





















1PRETERITION










SUCCESSION














PRETERITION



impaired














2KINDS








PARTIES OBLIGATIONS





Testator None


DIRECT SUBSTITUTION





same


sometime




successivelyenjoyed


thesame



limited

SUCCESSION







Thereare2transfers


property




property


matter
















1 FIDUCIARY















3FIDEICOMMISSARY



͵ͲͶ




SUCCESSION










ELEGITIME


1DEFINITION

QDefinelegitime






A














SUCCESSION









͵Ͳ

























A













TABLESOFLEGITIMES




















childrenorascendant







descendant


SUCCESSION











13ofthenetestate

Shareofthe

survivingspouse

13ofthenetestate

Freeportion

13ofthenetestate


Sharesandof


ascendants




Freeportion





Survivingspouse






Sharesandof


ascendants


Survivingspouse

18ofthenetestate



Freeportion

18ofthenetestate


Survivingspouseonly


Freeportion


Survivingspouseonly


diedwin3months)

13ofthenetestate

Freeportion

23ofthenetestate

Survivingspouseonly



Freeportion



͵ͳͲ CIVILLAWTEAM





Freeportion






Freeportion




Shareofthe

survivingspouse


Freeportion






LCDaloneSS

frac14(SS)

LCDSS


LCDILCD


OneLCDOneILCDSS


LCDILCDSS


LPAILCD

frac14(ILCD)

SUCCESSION

LPASS

frac14(SS)

LPASSILCD

Я(SS)

ILCDSS

1616

SS frac12or Ы

ILPASS

frac14frac14

BSNN frac12

SSBSNN

frac12(BSNN)

͵ͳͳ













Step 4 Collation



Step 3 Net Value






SUCCESSION











͵ͳ͵





























SUCCESSION















ORIGIN


PROPOSITUS



RESERVISTA



͵ͳ CIVILLAWTEAM









RESERVATARIOS















SUCCESSION



ORIGIN





RESERVISTA



RESERVATARIO



4DISINHERITANCE





























SUCCESSION



c Spouse



























6 Allothersprorata








LDPO1 Legitimeof


vivos3 Preferential

legaciesordevises




6 Allothersprorata








SUCCESSION




AGENERALPROVISIONS

1RELATIONSHIP

















degree8 TheState










͵ʹʹ










SUCCESSION






















preventsuch






childwhodied



(D)dagger

Legit Xdagger

legit (X1)

Illegit Ydagger

illegit (X2)

legit (Y2)

illegit (Y1)





















ARIGHTOFACCRETION



SUCCESSION






































decedent

























brotherA



SUCCESSION



GUARDIANS



ATTESTINGWITNESSES




͵ʹ




PHYSICIANS















legitime






havebeenmade



withouteffect


Expressorimplied

Grounds



























SUCCESSION











inheritance





collationifalive







1PARTITION







theestate


͵͵Ͳ CIVILLAWTEAM









3EFFECTSOFPARTITION





















A







MORTIS CAUSA

D ONEROUS DONATION




B PERFECTION


A

SALES


A AGE-COP



Two Views

Paras Buyer except










A










A SIM








Q Who is a broker

Q What is factorage



1 Personal acts



1 Present

2 Capacitated







COMMODATUM

LEASE

Real contract

Consensual


Onerous

COMMODATUM








Q What is guaranty
































DHOLOGRAPHICWILLS

(1)REQUIREMENTS













SUCCESSION
























SUCCESSION









dispositions




priorwill




thesame





other






6REVOCATIONKINDS

























ʹͻͶ







SUCCESSION









ʹͻͷ













APROBATEREQUIREMENT












SUCCESSION








ʹͻ



















2 Intimidation



4 Mistake




SUCCESSION





















1PRETERITION










SUCCESSION














PRETERITION



impaired














2KINDS








PARTIES OBLIGATIONS





Testator None


DIRECT SUBSTITUTION





same


sometime




successivelyenjoyed


thesame



limited

SUCCESSION







Thereare2transfers


property




property


matter
















1 FIDUCIARY















3FIDEICOMMISSARY



͵ͲͶ




SUCCESSION










ELEGITIME


1DEFINITION

QDefinelegitime






A














SUCCESSION









͵Ͳ

























A













TABLESOFLEGITIMES




















childrenorascendant







descendant


SUCCESSION











13ofthenetestate

Shareofthe

survivingspouse

13ofthenetestate

Freeportion

13ofthenetestate


Sharesandof


ascendants




Freeportion





Survivingspouse






Sharesandof


ascendants


Survivingspouse

18ofthenetestate



Freeportion

18ofthenetestate


Survivingspouseonly


Freeportion


Survivingspouseonly


diedwin3months)

13ofthenetestate

Freeportion

23ofthenetestate

Survivingspouseonly



Freeportion



͵ͳͲ CIVILLAWTEAM





Freeportion






Freeportion




Shareofthe

survivingspouse


Freeportion






LCDaloneSS

frac14(SS)

LCDSS


LCDILCD


OneLCDOneILCDSS


LCDILCDSS


LPAILCD

frac14(ILCD)

SUCCESSION

LPASS

frac14(SS)

LPASSILCD

Я(SS)

ILCDSS

1616

SS frac12or Ы

ILPASS

frac14frac14

BSNN frac12

SSBSNN

frac12(BSNN)

͵ͳͳ













Step 4 Collation



Step 3 Net Value






SUCCESSION











͵ͳ͵





























SUCCESSION















ORIGIN


PROPOSITUS



RESERVISTA



͵ͳ CIVILLAWTEAM









RESERVATARIOS















SUCCESSION



ORIGIN





RESERVISTA



RESERVATARIO



4DISINHERITANCE





























SUCCESSION



c Spouse



























6 Allothersprorata








LDPO1 Legitimeof


vivos3 Preferential

legaciesordevises




6 Allothersprorata








SUCCESSION




AGENERALPROVISIONS

1RELATIONSHIP

















degree8 TheState










͵ʹʹ










SUCCESSION






















preventsuch






childwhodied



(D)dagger

Legit Xdagger

legit (X1)

Illegit Ydagger

illegit (X2)

legit (Y2)

illegit (Y1)





















ARIGHTOFACCRETION



SUCCESSION






































decedent

























brotherA



SUCCESSION



GUARDIANS



ATTESTINGWITNESSES




͵ʹ




PHYSICIANS















legitime






havebeenmade



withouteffect


Expressorimplied

Grounds



























SUCCESSION











inheritance





collationifalive







1PARTITION







theestate


͵͵Ͳ CIVILLAWTEAM









3EFFECTSOFPARTITION





















A







MORTIS CAUSA

D ONEROUS DONATION




B PERFECTION


A

SALES


A AGE-COP



Two Views

Paras Buyer except










A










A SIM








Q Who is a broker

Q What is factorage



1 Personal acts



1 Present

2 Capacitated







COMMODATUM

LEASE

Real contract

Consensual


Onerous

COMMODATUM








Q What is guaranty





























SUCCESSION
























SUCCESSION









dispositions




priorwill




thesame





other






6REVOCATIONKINDS

























ʹͻͶ







SUCCESSION









ʹͻͷ













APROBATEREQUIREMENT












SUCCESSION








ʹͻ



















2 Intimidation



4 Mistake




SUCCESSION





















1PRETERITION










SUCCESSION














PRETERITION



impaired














2KINDS








PARTIES OBLIGATIONS





Testator None


DIRECT SUBSTITUTION





same


sometime




successivelyenjoyed


thesame



limited

SUCCESSION







Thereare2transfers


property




property


matter
















1 FIDUCIARY















3FIDEICOMMISSARY



͵ͲͶ




SUCCESSION










ELEGITIME


1DEFINITION

QDefinelegitime






A














SUCCESSION









͵Ͳ

























A













TABLESOFLEGITIMES




















childrenorascendant







descendant


SUCCESSION











13ofthenetestate

Shareofthe

survivingspouse

13ofthenetestate

Freeportion

13ofthenetestate


Sharesandof


ascendants




Freeportion





Survivingspouse






Sharesandof


ascendants


Survivingspouse

18ofthenetestate



Freeportion

18ofthenetestate


Survivingspouseonly


Freeportion


Survivingspouseonly


diedwin3months)

13ofthenetestate

Freeportion

23ofthenetestate

Survivingspouseonly



Freeportion



͵ͳͲ CIVILLAWTEAM





Freeportion






Freeportion




Shareofthe

survivingspouse


Freeportion






LCDaloneSS

frac14(SS)

LCDSS


LCDILCD


OneLCDOneILCDSS


LCDILCDSS


LPAILCD

frac14(ILCD)

SUCCESSION

LPASS

frac14(SS)

LPASSILCD

Я(SS)

ILCDSS

1616

SS frac12or Ы

ILPASS

frac14frac14

BSNN frac12

SSBSNN

frac12(BSNN)

͵ͳͳ













Step 4 Collation



Step 3 Net Value






SUCCESSION











͵ͳ͵





























SUCCESSION















ORIGIN


PROPOSITUS



RESERVISTA



͵ͳ CIVILLAWTEAM









RESERVATARIOS















SUCCESSION



ORIGIN





RESERVISTA



RESERVATARIO



4DISINHERITANCE





























SUCCESSION



c Spouse



























6 Allothersprorata








LDPO1 Legitimeof


vivos3 Preferential

legaciesordevises




6 Allothersprorata








SUCCESSION




AGENERALPROVISIONS

1RELATIONSHIP

















degree8 TheState










͵ʹʹ










SUCCESSION






















preventsuch






childwhodied



(D)dagger

Legit Xdagger

legit (X1)

Illegit Ydagger

illegit (X2)

legit (Y2)

illegit (Y1)





















ARIGHTOFACCRETION



SUCCESSION






































decedent

























brotherA



SUCCESSION



GUARDIANS



ATTESTINGWITNESSES




͵ʹ




PHYSICIANS















legitime






havebeenmade



withouteffect


Expressorimplied

Grounds



























SUCCESSION











inheritance





collationifalive







1PARTITION







theestate


͵͵Ͳ CIVILLAWTEAM









3EFFECTSOFPARTITION





















A







MORTIS CAUSA

D ONEROUS DONATION




B PERFECTION


A

SALES


A AGE-COP



Two Views

Paras Buyer except










A










A SIM








Q Who is a broker

Q What is factorage



1 Personal acts



1 Present

2 Capacitated







COMMODATUM

LEASE

Real contract

Consensual


Onerous

COMMODATUM








Q What is guaranty







































SUCCESSION









dispositions




priorwill




thesame





other






6REVOCATIONKINDS

























ʹͻͶ







SUCCESSION









ʹͻͷ













APROBATEREQUIREMENT












SUCCESSION








ʹͻ



















2 Intimidation



4 Mistake




SUCCESSION





















1PRETERITION










SUCCESSION














PRETERITION



impaired














2KINDS








PARTIES OBLIGATIONS





Testator None


DIRECT SUBSTITUTION





same


sometime




successivelyenjoyed


thesame



limited

SUCCESSION







Thereare2transfers


property




property


matter
















1 FIDUCIARY















3FIDEICOMMISSARY



͵ͲͶ




SUCCESSION










ELEGITIME


1DEFINITION

QDefinelegitime






A














SUCCESSION









͵Ͳ

























A













TABLESOFLEGITIMES




















childrenorascendant







descendant


SUCCESSION











13ofthenetestate

Shareofthe

survivingspouse

13ofthenetestate

Freeportion

13ofthenetestate


Sharesandof


ascendants




Freeportion





Survivingspouse






Sharesandof


ascendants


Survivingspouse

18ofthenetestate



Freeportion

18ofthenetestate


Survivingspouseonly


Freeportion


Survivingspouseonly


diedwin3months)

13ofthenetestate

Freeportion

23ofthenetestate

Survivingspouseonly



Freeportion



͵ͳͲ CIVILLAWTEAM





Freeportion






Freeportion




Shareofthe

survivingspouse


Freeportion






LCDaloneSS

frac14(SS)

LCDSS


LCDILCD


OneLCDOneILCDSS


LCDILCDSS


LPAILCD

frac14(ILCD)

SUCCESSION

LPASS

frac14(SS)

LPASSILCD

Я(SS)

ILCDSS

1616

SS frac12or Ы

ILPASS

frac14frac14

BSNN frac12

SSBSNN

frac12(BSNN)

͵ͳͳ













Step 4 Collation



Step 3 Net Value






SUCCESSION











͵ͳ͵





























SUCCESSION















ORIGIN


PROPOSITUS



RESERVISTA



͵ͳ CIVILLAWTEAM









RESERVATARIOS















SUCCESSION



ORIGIN





RESERVISTA



RESERVATARIO



4DISINHERITANCE





























SUCCESSION



c Spouse



























6 Allothersprorata








LDPO1 Legitimeof


vivos3 Preferential

legaciesordevises




6 Allothersprorata








SUCCESSION




AGENERALPROVISIONS

1RELATIONSHIP

















degree8 TheState










͵ʹʹ










SUCCESSION






















preventsuch






childwhodied



(D)dagger

Legit Xdagger

legit (X1)

Illegit Ydagger

illegit (X2)

legit (Y2)

illegit (Y1)





















ARIGHTOFACCRETION



SUCCESSION






































decedent

























brotherA



SUCCESSION



GUARDIANS



ATTESTINGWITNESSES




͵ʹ




PHYSICIANS















legitime






havebeenmade



withouteffect


Expressorimplied

Grounds



























SUCCESSION











inheritance





collationifalive







1PARTITION







theestate


͵͵Ͳ CIVILLAWTEAM









3EFFECTSOFPARTITION





















A







MORTIS CAUSA

D ONEROUS DONATION




B PERFECTION


A

SALES


A AGE-COP



Two Views

Paras Buyer except










A










A SIM








Q Who is a broker

Q What is factorage



1 Personal acts



1 Present

2 Capacitated







COMMODATUM

LEASE

Real contract

Consensual


Onerous

COMMODATUM








Q What is guaranty










































ʹͻͶ







SUCCESSION









ʹͻͷ













APROBATEREQUIREMENT












SUCCESSION








ʹͻ



















2 Intimidation



4 Mistake




SUCCESSION





















1PRETERITION










SUCCESSION














PRETERITION



impaired














2KINDS








PARTIES OBLIGATIONS





Testator None


DIRECT SUBSTITUTION





same


sometime




successivelyenjoyed


thesame



limited

SUCCESSION







Thereare2transfers


property




property


matter
















1 FIDUCIARY















3FIDEICOMMISSARY



͵ͲͶ




SUCCESSION










ELEGITIME


1DEFINITION

QDefinelegitime






A














SUCCESSION









͵Ͳ

























A













TABLESOFLEGITIMES




















childrenorascendant







descendant


SUCCESSION











13ofthenetestate

Shareofthe

survivingspouse

13ofthenetestate

Freeportion

13ofthenetestate


Sharesandof


ascendants




Freeportion





Survivingspouse






Sharesandof


ascendants


Survivingspouse

18ofthenetestate



Freeportion

18ofthenetestate


Survivingspouseonly


Freeportion


Survivingspouseonly


diedwin3months)

13ofthenetestate

Freeportion

23ofthenetestate

Survivingspouseonly



Freeportion



͵ͳͲ CIVILLAWTEAM





Freeportion






Freeportion




Shareofthe

survivingspouse


Freeportion






LCDaloneSS

frac14(SS)

LCDSS


LCDILCD


OneLCDOneILCDSS


LCDILCDSS


LPAILCD

frac14(ILCD)

SUCCESSION

LPASS

frac14(SS)

LPASSILCD

Я(SS)

ILCDSS

1616

SS frac12or Ы

ILPASS

frac14frac14

BSNN frac12

SSBSNN

frac12(BSNN)

͵ͳͳ













Step 4 Collation



Step 3 Net Value






SUCCESSION











͵ͳ͵





























SUCCESSION















ORIGIN


PROPOSITUS



RESERVISTA



͵ͳ CIVILLAWTEAM









RESERVATARIOS















SUCCESSION



ORIGIN





RESERVISTA



RESERVATARIO



4DISINHERITANCE





























SUCCESSION



c Spouse



























6 Allothersprorata








LDPO1 Legitimeof


vivos3 Preferential

legaciesordevises




6 Allothersprorata








SUCCESSION




AGENERALPROVISIONS

1RELATIONSHIP

















degree8 TheState










͵ʹʹ










SUCCESSION






















preventsuch






childwhodied



(D)dagger

Legit Xdagger

legit (X1)

Illegit Ydagger

illegit (X2)

legit (Y2)

illegit (Y1)





















ARIGHTOFACCRETION



SUCCESSION






































decedent

























brotherA



SUCCESSION



GUARDIANS



ATTESTINGWITNESSES




͵ʹ




PHYSICIANS















legitime






havebeenmade



withouteffect


Expressorimplied

Grounds



























SUCCESSION











inheritance





collationifalive







1PARTITION







theestate


͵͵Ͳ CIVILLAWTEAM









3EFFECTSOFPARTITION





















A







MORTIS CAUSA

D ONEROUS DONATION




B PERFECTION


A

SALES


A AGE-COP



Two Views

Paras Buyer except










A










A SIM








Q Who is a broker

Q What is factorage



1 Personal acts



1 Present

2 Capacitated







COMMODATUM

LEASE

Real contract

Consensual


Onerous

COMMODATUM








Q What is guaranty





























SUCCESSION









ʹͻͷ













APROBATEREQUIREMENT












SUCCESSION








ʹͻ



















2 Intimidation



4 Mistake




SUCCESSION





















1PRETERITION










SUCCESSION














PRETERITION



impaired














2KINDS








PARTIES OBLIGATIONS





Testator None


DIRECT SUBSTITUTION





same


sometime




successivelyenjoyed


thesame



limited

SUCCESSION







Thereare2transfers


property




property


matter
















1 FIDUCIARY















3FIDEICOMMISSARY



͵ͲͶ




SUCCESSION










ELEGITIME


1DEFINITION

QDefinelegitime






A














SUCCESSION









͵Ͳ

























A













TABLESOFLEGITIMES




















childrenorascendant







descendant


SUCCESSION











13ofthenetestate

Shareofthe

survivingspouse

13ofthenetestate

Freeportion

13ofthenetestate


Sharesandof


ascendants




Freeportion





Survivingspouse






Sharesandof


ascendants


Survivingspouse

18ofthenetestate



Freeportion

18ofthenetestate


Survivingspouseonly


Freeportion


Survivingspouseonly


diedwin3months)

13ofthenetestate

Freeportion

23ofthenetestate

Survivingspouseonly



Freeportion



͵ͳͲ CIVILLAWTEAM





Freeportion






Freeportion




Shareofthe

survivingspouse


Freeportion






LCDaloneSS

frac14(SS)

LCDSS


LCDILCD


OneLCDOneILCDSS


LCDILCDSS


LPAILCD

frac14(ILCD)

SUCCESSION

LPASS

frac14(SS)

LPASSILCD

Я(SS)

ILCDSS

1616

SS frac12or Ы

ILPASS

frac14frac14

BSNN frac12

SSBSNN

frac12(BSNN)

͵ͳͳ













Step 4 Collation



Step 3 Net Value






SUCCESSION











͵ͳ͵





























SUCCESSION















ORIGIN


PROPOSITUS



RESERVISTA



͵ͳ CIVILLAWTEAM









RESERVATARIOS















SUCCESSION



ORIGIN





RESERVISTA



RESERVATARIO



4DISINHERITANCE





























SUCCESSION



c Spouse



























6 Allothersprorata








LDPO1 Legitimeof


vivos3 Preferential

legaciesordevises




6 Allothersprorata








SUCCESSION




AGENERALPROVISIONS

1RELATIONSHIP

















degree8 TheState










͵ʹʹ










SUCCESSION






















preventsuch






childwhodied



(D)dagger

Legit Xdagger

legit (X1)

Illegit Ydagger

illegit (X2)

legit (Y2)

illegit (Y1)





















ARIGHTOFACCRETION



SUCCESSION






































decedent

























brotherA



SUCCESSION



GUARDIANS



ATTESTINGWITNESSES




͵ʹ




PHYSICIANS















legitime






havebeenmade



withouteffect


Expressorimplied

Grounds



























SUCCESSION











inheritance





collationifalive







1PARTITION







theestate


͵͵Ͳ CIVILLAWTEAM









3EFFECTSOFPARTITION





















A







MORTIS CAUSA

D ONEROUS DONATION




B PERFECTION


A

SALES


A AGE-COP



Two Views

Paras Buyer except










A










A SIM








Q Who is a broker

Q What is factorage



1 Personal acts



1 Present

2 Capacitated







COMMODATUM

LEASE

Real contract

Consensual


Onerous

COMMODATUM








Q What is guaranty





































APROBATEREQUIREMENT












SUCCESSION








ʹͻ



















2 Intimidation



4 Mistake




SUCCESSION





















1PRETERITION










SUCCESSION














PRETERITION



impaired














2KINDS








PARTIES OBLIGATIONS





Testator None


DIRECT SUBSTITUTION





same


sometime




successivelyenjoyed


thesame



limited

SUCCESSION







Thereare2transfers


property




property


matter
















1 FIDUCIARY















3FIDEICOMMISSARY



͵ͲͶ




SUCCESSION










ELEGITIME


1DEFINITION

QDefinelegitime






A














SUCCESSION









͵Ͳ

























A













TABLESOFLEGITIMES




















childrenorascendant







descendant


SUCCESSION











13ofthenetestate

Shareofthe

survivingspouse

13ofthenetestate

Freeportion

13ofthenetestate


Sharesandof


ascendants




Freeportion





Survivingspouse






Sharesandof


ascendants


Survivingspouse

18ofthenetestate



Freeportion

18ofthenetestate


Survivingspouseonly


Freeportion


Survivingspouseonly


diedwin3months)

13ofthenetestate

Freeportion

23ofthenetestate

Survivingspouseonly



Freeportion



͵ͳͲ CIVILLAWTEAM





Freeportion






Freeportion




Shareofthe

survivingspouse


Freeportion






LCDaloneSS

frac14(SS)

LCDSS


LCDILCD


OneLCDOneILCDSS


LCDILCDSS


LPAILCD

frac14(ILCD)

SUCCESSION

LPASS

frac14(SS)

LPASSILCD

Я(SS)

ILCDSS

1616

SS frac12or Ы

ILPASS

frac14frac14

BSNN frac12

SSBSNN

frac12(BSNN)

͵ͳͳ













Step 4 Collation



Step 3 Net Value






SUCCESSION











͵ͳ͵





























SUCCESSION















ORIGIN


PROPOSITUS



RESERVISTA



͵ͳ CIVILLAWTEAM









RESERVATARIOS















SUCCESSION



ORIGIN





RESERVISTA



RESERVATARIO



4DISINHERITANCE





























SUCCESSION



c Spouse



























6 Allothersprorata








LDPO1 Legitimeof


vivos3 Preferential

legaciesordevises




6 Allothersprorata








SUCCESSION




AGENERALPROVISIONS

1RELATIONSHIP

















degree8 TheState










͵ʹʹ










SUCCESSION






















preventsuch






childwhodied



(D)dagger

Legit Xdagger

legit (X1)

Illegit Ydagger

illegit (X2)

legit (Y2)

illegit (Y1)





















ARIGHTOFACCRETION



SUCCESSION






































decedent

























brotherA



SUCCESSION



GUARDIANS



ATTESTINGWITNESSES




͵ʹ




PHYSICIANS















legitime






havebeenmade



withouteffect


Expressorimplied

Grounds



























SUCCESSION











inheritance





collationifalive







1PARTITION







theestate


͵͵Ͳ CIVILLAWTEAM









3EFFECTSOFPARTITION





















A







MORTIS CAUSA

D ONEROUS DONATION




B PERFECTION


A

SALES


A AGE-COP



Two Views

Paras Buyer except










A










A SIM








Q Who is a broker

Q What is factorage



1 Personal acts



1 Present

2 Capacitated







COMMODATUM

LEASE

Real contract

Consensual


Onerous

COMMODATUM








Q What is guaranty





























SUCCESSION








ʹͻ



















2 Intimidation



4 Mistake




SUCCESSION





















1PRETERITION










SUCCESSION














PRETERITION



impaired














2KINDS








PARTIES OBLIGATIONS





Testator None


DIRECT SUBSTITUTION





same


sometime




successivelyenjoyed


thesame



limited

SUCCESSION







Thereare2transfers


property




property


matter
















1 FIDUCIARY















3FIDEICOMMISSARY



͵ͲͶ




SUCCESSION










ELEGITIME


1DEFINITION

QDefinelegitime






A














SUCCESSION









͵Ͳ

























A













TABLESOFLEGITIMES




















childrenorascendant







descendant


SUCCESSION











13ofthenetestate

Shareofthe

survivingspouse

13ofthenetestate

Freeportion

13ofthenetestate


Sharesandof


ascendants




Freeportion





Survivingspouse






Sharesandof


ascendants


Survivingspouse

18ofthenetestate



Freeportion

18ofthenetestate


Survivingspouseonly


Freeportion


Survivingspouseonly


diedwin3months)

13ofthenetestate

Freeportion

23ofthenetestate

Survivingspouseonly



Freeportion



͵ͳͲ CIVILLAWTEAM





Freeportion






Freeportion




Shareofthe

survivingspouse


Freeportion






LCDaloneSS

frac14(SS)

LCDSS


LCDILCD


OneLCDOneILCDSS


LCDILCDSS


LPAILCD

frac14(ILCD)

SUCCESSION

LPASS

frac14(SS)

LPASSILCD

Я(SS)

ILCDSS

1616

SS frac12or Ы

ILPASS

frac14frac14

BSNN frac12

SSBSNN

frac12(BSNN)

͵ͳͳ













Step 4 Collation



Step 3 Net Value






SUCCESSION











͵ͳ͵





























SUCCESSION















ORIGIN


PROPOSITUS



RESERVISTA



͵ͳ CIVILLAWTEAM









RESERVATARIOS















SUCCESSION



ORIGIN





RESERVISTA



RESERVATARIO



4DISINHERITANCE





























SUCCESSION



c Spouse



























6 Allothersprorata








LDPO1 Legitimeof


vivos3 Preferential

legaciesordevises




6 Allothersprorata








SUCCESSION




AGENERALPROVISIONS

1RELATIONSHIP

















degree8 TheState










͵ʹʹ










SUCCESSION






















preventsuch






childwhodied



(D)dagger

Legit Xdagger

legit (X1)

Illegit Ydagger

illegit (X2)

legit (Y2)

illegit (Y1)





















ARIGHTOFACCRETION



SUCCESSION






































decedent

























brotherA



SUCCESSION



GUARDIANS



ATTESTINGWITNESSES




͵ʹ




PHYSICIANS















legitime






havebeenmade



withouteffect


Expressorimplied

Grounds



























SUCCESSION











inheritance





collationifalive







1PARTITION







theestate


͵͵Ͳ CIVILLAWTEAM









3EFFECTSOFPARTITION





















A







MORTIS CAUSA

D ONEROUS DONATION




B PERFECTION


A

SALES


A AGE-COP



Two Views

Paras Buyer except










A










A SIM








Q Who is a broker

Q What is factorage



1 Personal acts



1 Present

2 Capacitated







COMMODATUM

LEASE

Real contract

Consensual


Onerous

COMMODATUM








Q What is guaranty











































2 Intimidation



4 Mistake




SUCCESSION





















1PRETERITION










SUCCESSION














PRETERITION



impaired














2KINDS








PARTIES OBLIGATIONS





Testator None


DIRECT SUBSTITUTION





same


sometime




successivelyenjoyed


thesame



limited

SUCCESSION







Thereare2transfers


property




property


matter
















1 FIDUCIARY















3FIDEICOMMISSARY



͵ͲͶ




SUCCESSION










ELEGITIME


1DEFINITION

QDefinelegitime






A














SUCCESSION









͵Ͳ

























A













TABLESOFLEGITIMES




















childrenorascendant







descendant


SUCCESSION











13ofthenetestate

Shareofthe

survivingspouse

13ofthenetestate

Freeportion

13ofthenetestate


Sharesandof


ascendants




Freeportion





Survivingspouse






Sharesandof


ascendants


Survivingspouse

18ofthenetestate



Freeportion

18ofthenetestate


Survivingspouseonly


Freeportion


Survivingspouseonly


diedwin3months)

13ofthenetestate

Freeportion

23ofthenetestate

Survivingspouseonly



Freeportion



͵ͳͲ CIVILLAWTEAM





Freeportion






Freeportion




Shareofthe

survivingspouse


Freeportion






LCDaloneSS

frac14(SS)

LCDSS


LCDILCD


OneLCDOneILCDSS


LCDILCDSS


LPAILCD

frac14(ILCD)

SUCCESSION

LPASS

frac14(SS)

LPASSILCD

Я(SS)

ILCDSS

1616

SS frac12or Ы

ILPASS

frac14frac14

BSNN frac12

SSBSNN

frac12(BSNN)

͵ͳͳ













Step 4 Collation



Step 3 Net Value






SUCCESSION











͵ͳ͵





























SUCCESSION















ORIGIN


PROPOSITUS



RESERVISTA



͵ͳ CIVILLAWTEAM









RESERVATARIOS















SUCCESSION



ORIGIN





RESERVISTA



RESERVATARIO



4DISINHERITANCE





























SUCCESSION



c Spouse



























6 Allothersprorata








LDPO1 Legitimeof


vivos3 Preferential

legaciesordevises




6 Allothersprorata








SUCCESSION




AGENERALPROVISIONS

1RELATIONSHIP

















degree8 TheState










͵ʹʹ










SUCCESSION






















preventsuch






childwhodied



(D)dagger

Legit Xdagger

legit (X1)

Illegit Ydagger

illegit (X2)

legit (Y2)

illegit (Y1)





















ARIGHTOFACCRETION



SUCCESSION






































decedent

























brotherA



SUCCESSION



GUARDIANS



ATTESTINGWITNESSES




͵ʹ




PHYSICIANS















legitime






havebeenmade



withouteffect


Expressorimplied

Grounds



























SUCCESSION











inheritance





collationifalive







1PARTITION







theestate


͵͵Ͳ CIVILLAWTEAM









3EFFECTSOFPARTITION





















A







MORTIS CAUSA

D ONEROUS DONATION




B PERFECTION


A

SALES


A AGE-COP



Two Views

Paras Buyer except










A










A SIM








Q Who is a broker

Q What is factorage



1 Personal acts



1 Present

2 Capacitated







COMMODATUM

LEASE

Real contract

Consensual


Onerous

COMMODATUM








Q What is guaranty





























SUCCESSION





















1PRETERITION










SUCCESSION














PRETERITION



impaired














2KINDS








PARTIES OBLIGATIONS





Testator None


DIRECT SUBSTITUTION





same


sometime




successivelyenjoyed


thesame



limited

SUCCESSION







Thereare2transfers


property




property


matter
















1 FIDUCIARY















3FIDEICOMMISSARY



͵ͲͶ




SUCCESSION










ELEGITIME


1DEFINITION

QDefinelegitime






A














SUCCESSION









͵Ͳ

























A













TABLESOFLEGITIMES




















childrenorascendant







descendant


SUCCESSION











13ofthenetestate

Shareofthe

survivingspouse

13ofthenetestate

Freeportion

13ofthenetestate


Sharesandof


ascendants




Freeportion





Survivingspouse






Sharesandof


ascendants


Survivingspouse

18ofthenetestate



Freeportion

18ofthenetestate


Survivingspouseonly


Freeportion


Survivingspouseonly


diedwin3months)

13ofthenetestate

Freeportion

23ofthenetestate

Survivingspouseonly



Freeportion



͵ͳͲ CIVILLAWTEAM





Freeportion






Freeportion




Shareofthe

survivingspouse


Freeportion






LCDaloneSS

frac14(SS)

LCDSS


LCDILCD


OneLCDOneILCDSS


LCDILCDSS


LPAILCD

frac14(ILCD)

SUCCESSION

LPASS

frac14(SS)

LPASSILCD

Я(SS)

ILCDSS

1616

SS frac12or Ы

ILPASS

frac14frac14

BSNN frac12

SSBSNN

frac12(BSNN)

͵ͳͳ













Step 4 Collation



Step 3 Net Value






SUCCESSION











͵ͳ͵





























SUCCESSION















ORIGIN


PROPOSITUS



RESERVISTA



͵ͳ CIVILLAWTEAM









RESERVATARIOS















SUCCESSION



ORIGIN





RESERVISTA



RESERVATARIO



4DISINHERITANCE





























SUCCESSION



c Spouse



























6 Allothersprorata








LDPO1 Legitimeof


vivos3 Preferential

legaciesordevises




6 Allothersprorata








SUCCESSION




AGENERALPROVISIONS

1RELATIONSHIP

















degree8 TheState










͵ʹʹ










SUCCESSION






















preventsuch






childwhodied



(D)dagger

Legit Xdagger

legit (X1)

Illegit Ydagger

illegit (X2)

legit (Y2)

illegit (Y1)





















ARIGHTOFACCRETION



SUCCESSION






































decedent

























brotherA



SUCCESSION



GUARDIANS



ATTESTINGWITNESSES




͵ʹ




PHYSICIANS















legitime






havebeenmade



withouteffect


Expressorimplied

Grounds



























SUCCESSION











inheritance





collationifalive







1PARTITION







theestate


͵͵Ͳ CIVILLAWTEAM









3EFFECTSOFPARTITION





















A







MORTIS CAUSA

D ONEROUS DONATION




B PERFECTION


A

SALES


A AGE-COP



Two Views

Paras Buyer except










A










A SIM








Q Who is a broker

Q What is factorage



1 Personal acts



1 Present

2 Capacitated







COMMODATUM

LEASE

Real contract

Consensual


Onerous

COMMODATUM








Q What is guaranty

































1PRETERITION










SUCCESSION














PRETERITION



impaired














2KINDS








PARTIES OBLIGATIONS





Testator None


DIRECT SUBSTITUTION





same


sometime




successivelyenjoyed


thesame



limited

SUCCESSION







Thereare2transfers


property




property


matter
















1 FIDUCIARY















3FIDEICOMMISSARY



͵ͲͶ




SUCCESSION










ELEGITIME


1DEFINITION

QDefinelegitime






A














SUCCESSION









͵Ͳ

























A













TABLESOFLEGITIMES




















childrenorascendant







descendant


SUCCESSION











13ofthenetestate

Shareofthe

survivingspouse

13ofthenetestate

Freeportion

13ofthenetestate


Sharesandof


ascendants




Freeportion





Survivingspouse






Sharesandof


ascendants


Survivingspouse

18ofthenetestate



Freeportion

18ofthenetestate


Survivingspouseonly


Freeportion


Survivingspouseonly


diedwin3months)

13ofthenetestate

Freeportion

23ofthenetestate

Survivingspouseonly



Freeportion



͵ͳͲ CIVILLAWTEAM





Freeportion






Freeportion




Shareofthe

survivingspouse


Freeportion






LCDaloneSS

frac14(SS)

LCDSS


LCDILCD


OneLCDOneILCDSS


LCDILCDSS


LPAILCD

frac14(ILCD)

SUCCESSION

LPASS

frac14(SS)

LPASSILCD

Я(SS)

ILCDSS

1616

SS frac12or Ы

ILPASS

frac14frac14

BSNN frac12

SSBSNN

frac12(BSNN)

͵ͳͳ













Step 4 Collation



Step 3 Net Value






SUCCESSION











͵ͳ͵





























SUCCESSION















ORIGIN


PROPOSITUS



RESERVISTA



͵ͳ CIVILLAWTEAM









RESERVATARIOS















SUCCESSION



ORIGIN





RESERVISTA



RESERVATARIO



4DISINHERITANCE





























SUCCESSION



c Spouse



























6 Allothersprorata








LDPO1 Legitimeof


vivos3 Preferential

legaciesordevises




6 Allothersprorata








SUCCESSION




AGENERALPROVISIONS

1RELATIONSHIP

















degree8 TheState










͵ʹʹ










SUCCESSION






















preventsuch






childwhodied



(D)dagger

Legit Xdagger

legit (X1)

Illegit Ydagger

illegit (X2)

legit (Y2)

illegit (Y1)





















ARIGHTOFACCRETION



SUCCESSION






































decedent

























brotherA



SUCCESSION



GUARDIANS



ATTESTINGWITNESSES




͵ʹ




PHYSICIANS















legitime






havebeenmade



withouteffect


Expressorimplied

Grounds



























SUCCESSION











inheritance





collationifalive







1PARTITION







theestate


͵͵Ͳ CIVILLAWTEAM









3EFFECTSOFPARTITION





















A







MORTIS CAUSA

D ONEROUS DONATION




B PERFECTION


A

SALES


A AGE-COP



Two Views

Paras Buyer except










A










A SIM








Q Who is a broker

Q What is factorage



1 Personal acts



1 Present

2 Capacitated







COMMODATUM

LEASE

Real contract

Consensual


Onerous

COMMODATUM








Q What is guaranty





























SUCCESSION














PRETERITION



impaired














2KINDS








PARTIES OBLIGATIONS





Testator None


DIRECT SUBSTITUTION





same


sometime




successivelyenjoyed


thesame



limited

SUCCESSION







Thereare2transfers


property




property


matter
















1 FIDUCIARY















3FIDEICOMMISSARY



͵ͲͶ




SUCCESSION










ELEGITIME


1DEFINITION

QDefinelegitime






A














SUCCESSION









͵Ͳ

























A













TABLESOFLEGITIMES




















childrenorascendant







descendant


SUCCESSION











13ofthenetestate

Shareofthe

survivingspouse

13ofthenetestate

Freeportion

13ofthenetestate


Sharesandof


ascendants




Freeportion





Survivingspouse






Sharesandof


ascendants


Survivingspouse

18ofthenetestate



Freeportion

18ofthenetestate


Survivingspouseonly


Freeportion


Survivingspouseonly


diedwin3months)

13ofthenetestate

Freeportion

23ofthenetestate

Survivingspouseonly



Freeportion



͵ͳͲ CIVILLAWTEAM





Freeportion






Freeportion




Shareofthe

survivingspouse


Freeportion






LCDaloneSS

frac14(SS)

LCDSS


LCDILCD


OneLCDOneILCDSS


LCDILCDSS


LPAILCD

frac14(ILCD)

SUCCESSION

LPASS

frac14(SS)

LPASSILCD

Я(SS)

ILCDSS

1616

SS frac12or Ы

ILPASS

frac14frac14

BSNN frac12

SSBSNN

frac12(BSNN)

͵ͳͳ













Step 4 Collation



Step 3 Net Value






SUCCESSION











͵ͳ͵





























SUCCESSION















ORIGIN


PROPOSITUS



RESERVISTA



͵ͳ CIVILLAWTEAM









RESERVATARIOS















SUCCESSION



ORIGIN





RESERVISTA



RESERVATARIO



4DISINHERITANCE





























SUCCESSION



c Spouse



























6 Allothersprorata








LDPO1 Legitimeof


vivos3 Preferential

legaciesordevises




6 Allothersprorata








SUCCESSION




AGENERALPROVISIONS

1RELATIONSHIP

















degree8 TheState










͵ʹʹ










SUCCESSION






















preventsuch






childwhodied



(D)dagger

Legit Xdagger

legit (X1)

Illegit Ydagger

illegit (X2)

legit (Y2)

illegit (Y1)





















ARIGHTOFACCRETION



SUCCESSION






































decedent

























brotherA



SUCCESSION



GUARDIANS



ATTESTINGWITNESSES




͵ʹ




PHYSICIANS















legitime






havebeenmade



withouteffect


Expressorimplied

Grounds



























SUCCESSION











inheritance





collationifalive







1PARTITION







theestate


͵͵Ͳ CIVILLAWTEAM









3EFFECTSOFPARTITION





















A







MORTIS CAUSA

D ONEROUS DONATION




B PERFECTION


A

SALES


A AGE-COP



Two Views

Paras Buyer except










A










A SIM








Q Who is a broker

Q What is factorage



1 Personal acts



1 Present

2 Capacitated







COMMODATUM

LEASE

Real contract

Consensual


Onerous

COMMODATUM








Q What is guaranty


































2KINDS








PARTIES OBLIGATIONS





Testator None


DIRECT SUBSTITUTION





same


sometime




successivelyenjoyed


thesame



limited

SUCCESSION







Thereare2transfers


property




property


matter
















1 FIDUCIARY















3FIDEICOMMISSARY



͵ͲͶ




SUCCESSION










ELEGITIME


1DEFINITION

QDefinelegitime






A














SUCCESSION









͵Ͳ

























A













TABLESOFLEGITIMES




















childrenorascendant







descendant


SUCCESSION











13ofthenetestate

Shareofthe

survivingspouse

13ofthenetestate

Freeportion

13ofthenetestate


Sharesandof


ascendants




Freeportion





Survivingspouse






Sharesandof


ascendants


Survivingspouse

18ofthenetestate



Freeportion

18ofthenetestate


Survivingspouseonly


Freeportion


Survivingspouseonly


diedwin3months)

13ofthenetestate

Freeportion

23ofthenetestate

Survivingspouseonly



Freeportion



͵ͳͲ CIVILLAWTEAM





Freeportion






Freeportion




Shareofthe

survivingspouse


Freeportion






LCDaloneSS

frac14(SS)

LCDSS


LCDILCD


OneLCDOneILCDSS


LCDILCDSS


LPAILCD

frac14(ILCD)

SUCCESSION

LPASS

frac14(SS)

LPASSILCD

Я(SS)

ILCDSS

1616

SS frac12or Ы

ILPASS

frac14frac14

BSNN frac12

SSBSNN

frac12(BSNN)

͵ͳͳ













Step 4 Collation



Step 3 Net Value






SUCCESSION











͵ͳ͵





























SUCCESSION















ORIGIN


PROPOSITUS



RESERVISTA



͵ͳ CIVILLAWTEAM









RESERVATARIOS















SUCCESSION



ORIGIN





RESERVISTA



RESERVATARIO



4DISINHERITANCE





























SUCCESSION



c Spouse



























6 Allothersprorata








LDPO1 Legitimeof


vivos3 Preferential

legaciesordevises




6 Allothersprorata








SUCCESSION




AGENERALPROVISIONS

1RELATIONSHIP

















degree8 TheState










͵ʹʹ










SUCCESSION






















preventsuch






childwhodied



(D)dagger

Legit Xdagger

legit (X1)

Illegit Ydagger

illegit (X2)

legit (Y2)

illegit (Y1)





















ARIGHTOFACCRETION



SUCCESSION






































decedent

























brotherA



SUCCESSION



GUARDIANS



ATTESTINGWITNESSES




͵ʹ




PHYSICIANS















legitime






havebeenmade



withouteffect


Expressorimplied

Grounds



























SUCCESSION











inheritance





collationifalive







1PARTITION







theestate


͵͵Ͳ CIVILLAWTEAM









3EFFECTSOFPARTITION





















A







MORTIS CAUSA

D ONEROUS DONATION




B PERFECTION


A

SALES


A AGE-COP



Two Views

Paras Buyer except










A










A SIM








Q Who is a broker

Q What is factorage



1 Personal acts



1 Present

2 Capacitated







COMMODATUM

LEASE

Real contract

Consensual


Onerous

COMMODATUM








Q What is guaranty





























SUCCESSION







Thereare2transfers


property




property


matter
















1 FIDUCIARY















3FIDEICOMMISSARY



͵ͲͶ




SUCCESSION










ELEGITIME


1DEFINITION

QDefinelegitime






A














SUCCESSION









͵Ͳ

























A













TABLESOFLEGITIMES




















childrenorascendant







descendant


SUCCESSION











13ofthenetestate

Shareofthe

survivingspouse

13ofthenetestate

Freeportion

13ofthenetestate


Sharesandof


ascendants




Freeportion





Survivingspouse






Sharesandof


ascendants


Survivingspouse

18ofthenetestate



Freeportion

18ofthenetestate


Survivingspouseonly


Freeportion


Survivingspouseonly


diedwin3months)

13ofthenetestate

Freeportion

23ofthenetestate

Survivingspouseonly



Freeportion



͵ͳͲ CIVILLAWTEAM





Freeportion






Freeportion




Shareofthe

survivingspouse


Freeportion






LCDaloneSS

frac14(SS)

LCDSS


LCDILCD


OneLCDOneILCDSS


LCDILCDSS


LPAILCD

frac14(ILCD)

SUCCESSION

LPASS

frac14(SS)

LPASSILCD

Я(SS)

ILCDSS

1616

SS frac12or Ы

ILPASS

frac14frac14

BSNN frac12

SSBSNN

frac12(BSNN)

͵ͳͳ













Step 4 Collation



Step 3 Net Value






SUCCESSION











͵ͳ͵





























SUCCESSION















ORIGIN


PROPOSITUS



RESERVISTA



͵ͳ CIVILLAWTEAM









RESERVATARIOS















SUCCESSION



ORIGIN





RESERVISTA



RESERVATARIO



4DISINHERITANCE





























SUCCESSION



c Spouse



























6 Allothersprorata








LDPO1 Legitimeof


vivos3 Preferential

legaciesordevises




6 Allothersprorata








SUCCESSION




AGENERALPROVISIONS

1RELATIONSHIP

















degree8 TheState










͵ʹʹ










SUCCESSION






















preventsuch






childwhodied



(D)dagger

Legit Xdagger

legit (X1)

Illegit Ydagger

illegit (X2)

legit (Y2)

illegit (Y1)





















ARIGHTOFACCRETION



SUCCESSION






































decedent

























brotherA



SUCCESSION



GUARDIANS



ATTESTINGWITNESSES




͵ʹ




PHYSICIANS















legitime






havebeenmade



withouteffect


Expressorimplied

Grounds



























SUCCESSION











inheritance





collationifalive







1PARTITION







theestate


͵͵Ͳ CIVILLAWTEAM









3EFFECTSOFPARTITION





















A







MORTIS CAUSA

D ONEROUS DONATION




B PERFECTION


A

SALES


A AGE-COP



Two Views

Paras Buyer except










A










A SIM








Q Who is a broker

Q What is factorage



1 Personal acts



1 Present

2 Capacitated







COMMODATUM

LEASE

Real contract

Consensual


Onerous

COMMODATUM








Q What is guaranty


































3FIDEICOMMISSARY



͵ͲͶ




SUCCESSION










ELEGITIME


1DEFINITION

QDefinelegitime






A














SUCCESSION









͵Ͳ

























A













TABLESOFLEGITIMES




















childrenorascendant







descendant


SUCCESSION











13ofthenetestate

Shareofthe

survivingspouse

13ofthenetestate

Freeportion

13ofthenetestate


Sharesandof


ascendants




Freeportion





Survivingspouse






Sharesandof


ascendants


Survivingspouse

18ofthenetestate



Freeportion

18ofthenetestate


Survivingspouseonly


Freeportion


Survivingspouseonly


diedwin3months)

13ofthenetestate

Freeportion

23ofthenetestate

Survivingspouseonly



Freeportion



͵ͳͲ CIVILLAWTEAM





Freeportion






Freeportion




Shareofthe

survivingspouse


Freeportion






LCDaloneSS

frac14(SS)

LCDSS


LCDILCD


OneLCDOneILCDSS


LCDILCDSS


LPAILCD

frac14(ILCD)

SUCCESSION

LPASS

frac14(SS)

LPASSILCD

Я(SS)

ILCDSS

1616

SS frac12or Ы

ILPASS

frac14frac14

BSNN frac12

SSBSNN

frac12(BSNN)

͵ͳͳ













Step 4 Collation



Step 3 Net Value






SUCCESSION











͵ͳ͵





























SUCCESSION















ORIGIN


PROPOSITUS



RESERVISTA



͵ͳ CIVILLAWTEAM









RESERVATARIOS















SUCCESSION



ORIGIN





RESERVISTA



RESERVATARIO



4DISINHERITANCE





























SUCCESSION



c Spouse



























6 Allothersprorata








LDPO1 Legitimeof


vivos3 Preferential

legaciesordevises




6 Allothersprorata








SUCCESSION




AGENERALPROVISIONS

1RELATIONSHIP

















degree8 TheState










͵ʹʹ










SUCCESSION






















preventsuch






childwhodied



(D)dagger

Legit Xdagger

legit (X1)

Illegit Ydagger

illegit (X2)

legit (Y2)

illegit (Y1)





















ARIGHTOFACCRETION



SUCCESSION






































decedent

























brotherA



SUCCESSION



GUARDIANS



ATTESTINGWITNESSES




͵ʹ




PHYSICIANS















legitime






havebeenmade



withouteffect


Expressorimplied

Grounds



























SUCCESSION











inheritance





collationifalive







1PARTITION







theestate


͵͵Ͳ CIVILLAWTEAM









3EFFECTSOFPARTITION





















A







MORTIS CAUSA

D ONEROUS DONATION




B PERFECTION


A

SALES


A AGE-COP



Two Views

Paras Buyer except










A










A SIM








Q Who is a broker

Q What is factorage



1 Personal acts



1 Present

2 Capacitated







COMMODATUM

LEASE

Real contract

Consensual


Onerous

COMMODATUM








Q What is guaranty





























SUCCESSION










ELEGITIME


1DEFINITION

QDefinelegitime






A














SUCCESSION









͵Ͳ

























A













TABLESOFLEGITIMES




















childrenorascendant







descendant


SUCCESSION











13ofthenetestate

Shareofthe

survivingspouse

13ofthenetestate

Freeportion

13ofthenetestate


Sharesandof


ascendants




Freeportion





Survivingspouse






Sharesandof


ascendants


Survivingspouse

18ofthenetestate



Freeportion

18ofthenetestate


Survivingspouseonly


Freeportion


Survivingspouseonly


diedwin3months)

13ofthenetestate

Freeportion

23ofthenetestate

Survivingspouseonly



Freeportion



͵ͳͲ CIVILLAWTEAM





Freeportion






Freeportion




Shareofthe

survivingspouse


Freeportion






LCDaloneSS

frac14(SS)

LCDSS


LCDILCD


OneLCDOneILCDSS


LCDILCDSS


LPAILCD

frac14(ILCD)

SUCCESSION

LPASS

frac14(SS)

LPASSILCD

Я(SS)

ILCDSS

1616

SS frac12or Ы

ILPASS

frac14frac14

BSNN frac12

SSBSNN

frac12(BSNN)

͵ͳͳ













Step 4 Collation



Step 3 Net Value






SUCCESSION











͵ͳ͵





























SUCCESSION















ORIGIN


PROPOSITUS



RESERVISTA



͵ͳ CIVILLAWTEAM









RESERVATARIOS















SUCCESSION



ORIGIN





RESERVISTA



RESERVATARIO



4DISINHERITANCE





























SUCCESSION



c Spouse



























6 Allothersprorata








LDPO1 Legitimeof


vivos3 Preferential

legaciesordevises




6 Allothersprorata








SUCCESSION




AGENERALPROVISIONS

1RELATIONSHIP

















degree8 TheState










͵ʹʹ










SUCCESSION






















preventsuch






childwhodied



(D)dagger

Legit Xdagger

legit (X1)

Illegit Ydagger

illegit (X2)

legit (Y2)

illegit (Y1)





















ARIGHTOFACCRETION



SUCCESSION






































decedent

























brotherA



SUCCESSION



GUARDIANS



ATTESTINGWITNESSES




͵ʹ




PHYSICIANS















legitime






havebeenmade



withouteffect


Expressorimplied

Grounds



























SUCCESSION











inheritance





collationifalive







1PARTITION







theestate


͵͵Ͳ CIVILLAWTEAM









3EFFECTSOFPARTITION





















A







MORTIS CAUSA

D ONEROUS DONATION




B PERFECTION


A

SALES


A AGE-COP



Two Views

Paras Buyer except










A










A SIM








Q Who is a broker

Q What is factorage



1 Personal acts



1 Present

2 Capacitated







COMMODATUM

LEASE

Real contract

Consensual


Onerous

COMMODATUM








Q What is guaranty






























ELEGITIME


1DEFINITION

QDefinelegitime






A














SUCCESSION









͵Ͳ

























A













TABLESOFLEGITIMES




















childrenorascendant







descendant


SUCCESSION











13ofthenetestate

Shareofthe

survivingspouse

13ofthenetestate

Freeportion

13ofthenetestate


Sharesandof


ascendants




Freeportion





Survivingspouse






Sharesandof


ascendants


Survivingspouse

18ofthenetestate



Freeportion

18ofthenetestate


Survivingspouseonly


Freeportion


Survivingspouseonly


diedwin3months)

13ofthenetestate

Freeportion

23ofthenetestate

Survivingspouseonly



Freeportion



͵ͳͲ CIVILLAWTEAM





Freeportion






Freeportion




Shareofthe

survivingspouse


Freeportion






LCDaloneSS

frac14(SS)

LCDSS


LCDILCD


OneLCDOneILCDSS


LCDILCDSS


LPAILCD

frac14(ILCD)

SUCCESSION

LPASS

frac14(SS)

LPASSILCD

Я(SS)

ILCDSS

1616

SS frac12or Ы

ILPASS

frac14frac14

BSNN frac12

SSBSNN

frac12(BSNN)

͵ͳͳ













Step 4 Collation



Step 3 Net Value






SUCCESSION











͵ͳ͵





























SUCCESSION















ORIGIN


PROPOSITUS



RESERVISTA



͵ͳ CIVILLAWTEAM









RESERVATARIOS















SUCCESSION



ORIGIN





RESERVISTA



RESERVATARIO



4DISINHERITANCE





























SUCCESSION



c Spouse



























6 Allothersprorata








LDPO1 Legitimeof


vivos3 Preferential

legaciesordevises




6 Allothersprorata








SUCCESSION




AGENERALPROVISIONS

1RELATIONSHIP

















degree8 TheState










͵ʹʹ










SUCCESSION






















preventsuch






childwhodied



(D)dagger

Legit Xdagger

legit (X1)

Illegit Ydagger

illegit (X2)

legit (Y2)

illegit (Y1)





















ARIGHTOFACCRETION



SUCCESSION






































decedent

























brotherA



SUCCESSION



GUARDIANS



ATTESTINGWITNESSES




͵ʹ




PHYSICIANS















legitime






havebeenmade



withouteffect


Expressorimplied

Grounds



























SUCCESSION











inheritance





collationifalive







1PARTITION







theestate


͵͵Ͳ CIVILLAWTEAM









3EFFECTSOFPARTITION





















A







MORTIS CAUSA

D ONEROUS DONATION




B PERFECTION


A

SALES


A AGE-COP



Two Views

Paras Buyer except










A










A SIM








Q Who is a broker

Q What is factorage



1 Personal acts



1 Present

2 Capacitated







COMMODATUM

LEASE

Real contract

Consensual


Onerous

COMMODATUM








Q What is guaranty





























SUCCESSION









͵Ͳ

























A













TABLESOFLEGITIMES




















childrenorascendant







descendant


SUCCESSION











13ofthenetestate

Shareofthe

survivingspouse

13ofthenetestate

Freeportion

13ofthenetestate


Sharesandof


ascendants




Freeportion





Survivingspouse






Sharesandof


ascendants


Survivingspouse

18ofthenetestate



Freeportion

18ofthenetestate


Survivingspouseonly


Freeportion


Survivingspouseonly


diedwin3months)

13ofthenetestate

Freeportion

23ofthenetestate

Survivingspouseonly



Freeportion



͵ͳͲ CIVILLAWTEAM





Freeportion






Freeportion




Shareofthe

survivingspouse


Freeportion






LCDaloneSS

frac14(SS)

LCDSS


LCDILCD


OneLCDOneILCDSS


LCDILCDSS


LPAILCD

frac14(ILCD)

SUCCESSION

LPASS

frac14(SS)

LPASSILCD

Я(SS)

ILCDSS

1616

SS frac12or Ы

ILPASS

frac14frac14

BSNN frac12

SSBSNN

frac12(BSNN)

͵ͳͳ













Step 4 Collation



Step 3 Net Value






SUCCESSION











͵ͳ͵





























SUCCESSION















ORIGIN


PROPOSITUS



RESERVISTA



͵ͳ CIVILLAWTEAM









RESERVATARIOS















SUCCESSION



ORIGIN





RESERVISTA



RESERVATARIO



4DISINHERITANCE





























SUCCESSION



c Spouse



























6 Allothersprorata








LDPO1 Legitimeof


vivos3 Preferential

legaciesordevises




6 Allothersprorata








SUCCESSION




AGENERALPROVISIONS

1RELATIONSHIP

















degree8 TheState










͵ʹʹ










SUCCESSION






















preventsuch






childwhodied



(D)dagger

Legit Xdagger

legit (X1)

Illegit Ydagger

illegit (X2)

legit (Y2)

illegit (Y1)





















ARIGHTOFACCRETION



SUCCESSION






































decedent

























brotherA



SUCCESSION



GUARDIANS



ATTESTINGWITNESSES




͵ʹ




PHYSICIANS















legitime






havebeenmade



withouteffect


Expressorimplied

Grounds



























SUCCESSION











inheritance





collationifalive







1PARTITION







theestate


͵͵Ͳ CIVILLAWTEAM









3EFFECTSOFPARTITION





















A







MORTIS CAUSA

D ONEROUS DONATION




B PERFECTION


A

SALES


A AGE-COP



Two Views

Paras Buyer except










A










A SIM








Q Who is a broker

Q What is factorage



1 Personal acts



1 Present

2 Capacitated







COMMODATUM

LEASE

Real contract

Consensual


Onerous

COMMODATUM








Q What is guaranty
































A













TABLESOFLEGITIMES




















childrenorascendant







descendant


SUCCESSION











13ofthenetestate

Shareofthe

survivingspouse

13ofthenetestate

Freeportion

13ofthenetestate


Sharesandof


ascendants




Freeportion





Survivingspouse






Sharesandof


ascendants


Survivingspouse

18ofthenetestate



Freeportion

18ofthenetestate


Survivingspouseonly


Freeportion


Survivingspouseonly


diedwin3months)

13ofthenetestate

Freeportion

23ofthenetestate

Survivingspouseonly



Freeportion



͵ͳͲ CIVILLAWTEAM





Freeportion






Freeportion




Shareofthe

survivingspouse


Freeportion






LCDaloneSS

frac14(SS)

LCDSS


LCDILCD


OneLCDOneILCDSS


LCDILCDSS


LPAILCD

frac14(ILCD)

SUCCESSION

LPASS

frac14(SS)

LPASSILCD

Я(SS)

ILCDSS

1616

SS frac12or Ы

ILPASS

frac14frac14

BSNN frac12

SSBSNN

frac12(BSNN)

͵ͳͳ













Step 4 Collation



Step 3 Net Value






SUCCESSION











͵ͳ͵





























SUCCESSION















ORIGIN


PROPOSITUS



RESERVISTA



͵ͳ CIVILLAWTEAM









RESERVATARIOS















SUCCESSION



ORIGIN





RESERVISTA



RESERVATARIO



4DISINHERITANCE





























SUCCESSION



c Spouse



























6 Allothersprorata








LDPO1 Legitimeof


vivos3 Preferential

legaciesordevises




6 Allothersprorata








SUCCESSION




AGENERALPROVISIONS

1RELATIONSHIP

















degree8 TheState










͵ʹʹ










SUCCESSION






















preventsuch






childwhodied



(D)dagger

Legit Xdagger

legit (X1)

Illegit Ydagger

illegit (X2)

legit (Y2)

illegit (Y1)





















ARIGHTOFACCRETION



SUCCESSION






































decedent

























brotherA



SUCCESSION



GUARDIANS



ATTESTINGWITNESSES




͵ʹ




PHYSICIANS















legitime






havebeenmade



withouteffect


Expressorimplied

Grounds



























SUCCESSION











inheritance





collationifalive







1PARTITION







theestate


͵͵Ͳ CIVILLAWTEAM









3EFFECTSOFPARTITION





















A







MORTIS CAUSA

D ONEROUS DONATION




B PERFECTION


A

SALES


A AGE-COP



Two Views

Paras Buyer except










A










A SIM








Q Who is a broker

Q What is factorage



1 Personal acts



1 Present

2 Capacitated







COMMODATUM

LEASE

Real contract

Consensual


Onerous

COMMODATUM








Q What is guaranty





























SUCCESSION











13ofthenetestate

Shareofthe

survivingspouse

13ofthenetestate

Freeportion

13ofthenetestate


Sharesandof


ascendants




Freeportion





Survivingspouse






Sharesandof


ascendants


Survivingspouse

18ofthenetestate



Freeportion

18ofthenetestate


Survivingspouseonly


Freeportion


Survivingspouseonly


diedwin3months)

13ofthenetestate

Freeportion

23ofthenetestate

Survivingspouseonly



Freeportion



͵ͳͲ CIVILLAWTEAM





Freeportion






Freeportion




Shareofthe

survivingspouse


Freeportion






LCDaloneSS

frac14(SS)

LCDSS


LCDILCD


OneLCDOneILCDSS


LCDILCDSS


LPAILCD

frac14(ILCD)

SUCCESSION

LPASS

frac14(SS)

LPASSILCD

Я(SS)

ILCDSS

1616

SS frac12or Ы

ILPASS

frac14frac14

BSNN frac12

SSBSNN

frac12(BSNN)

͵ͳͳ













Step 4 Collation



Step 3 Net Value






SUCCESSION











͵ͳ͵





























SUCCESSION















ORIGIN


PROPOSITUS



RESERVISTA



͵ͳ CIVILLAWTEAM









RESERVATARIOS















SUCCESSION



ORIGIN





RESERVISTA



RESERVATARIO



4DISINHERITANCE





























SUCCESSION



c Spouse



























6 Allothersprorata








LDPO1 Legitimeof


vivos3 Preferential

legaciesordevises




6 Allothersprorata








SUCCESSION




AGENERALPROVISIONS

1RELATIONSHIP

















degree8 TheState










͵ʹʹ










SUCCESSION






















preventsuch






childwhodied



(D)dagger

Legit Xdagger

legit (X1)

Illegit Ydagger

illegit (X2)

legit (Y2)

illegit (Y1)





















ARIGHTOFACCRETION



SUCCESSION






































decedent

























brotherA



SUCCESSION



GUARDIANS



ATTESTINGWITNESSES




͵ʹ




PHYSICIANS















legitime






havebeenmade



withouteffect


Expressorimplied

Grounds



























SUCCESSION











inheritance





collationifalive







1PARTITION







theestate


͵͵Ͳ CIVILLAWTEAM









3EFFECTSOFPARTITION





















A







MORTIS CAUSA

D ONEROUS DONATION




B PERFECTION


A

SALES


A AGE-COP



Two Views

Paras Buyer except










A










A SIM








Q Who is a broker

Q What is factorage



1 Personal acts



1 Present

2 Capacitated







COMMODATUM

LEASE

Real contract

Consensual


Onerous

COMMODATUM








Q What is guaranty






























͵ͳͲ CIVILLAWTEAM





Freeportion






Freeportion




Shareofthe

survivingspouse


Freeportion






LCDaloneSS

frac14(SS)

LCDSS


LCDILCD


OneLCDOneILCDSS


LCDILCDSS


LPAILCD

frac14(ILCD)

SUCCESSION

LPASS

frac14(SS)

LPASSILCD

Я(SS)

ILCDSS

1616

SS frac12or Ы

ILPASS

frac14frac14

BSNN frac12

SSBSNN

frac12(BSNN)

͵ͳͳ













Step 4 Collation



Step 3 Net Value






SUCCESSION











͵ͳ͵





























SUCCESSION















ORIGIN


PROPOSITUS



RESERVISTA



͵ͳ CIVILLAWTEAM









RESERVATARIOS















SUCCESSION



ORIGIN





RESERVISTA



RESERVATARIO



4DISINHERITANCE





























SUCCESSION



c Spouse



























6 Allothersprorata








LDPO1 Legitimeof


vivos3 Preferential

legaciesordevises




6 Allothersprorata








SUCCESSION




AGENERALPROVISIONS

1RELATIONSHIP

















degree8 TheState










͵ʹʹ










SUCCESSION






















preventsuch






childwhodied



(D)dagger

Legit Xdagger

legit (X1)

Illegit Ydagger

illegit (X2)

legit (Y2)

illegit (Y1)





















ARIGHTOFACCRETION



SUCCESSION






































decedent

























brotherA



SUCCESSION



GUARDIANS



ATTESTINGWITNESSES




͵ʹ




PHYSICIANS















legitime






havebeenmade



withouteffect


Expressorimplied

Grounds



























SUCCESSION











inheritance





collationifalive







1PARTITION







theestate


͵͵Ͳ CIVILLAWTEAM









3EFFECTSOFPARTITION





















A







MORTIS CAUSA

D ONEROUS DONATION




B PERFECTION


A

SALES


A AGE-COP



Two Views

Paras Buyer except










A










A SIM








Q Who is a broker

Q What is factorage



1 Personal acts



1 Present

2 Capacitated







COMMODATUM

LEASE

Real contract

Consensual


Onerous

COMMODATUM








Q What is guaranty





























SUCCESSION

LPASS

frac14(SS)

LPASSILCD

Я(SS)

ILCDSS

1616

SS frac12or Ы

ILPASS

frac14frac14

BSNN frac12

SSBSNN

frac12(BSNN)

͵ͳͳ













Step 4 Collation



Step 3 Net Value






SUCCESSION











͵ͳ͵





























SUCCESSION















ORIGIN


PROPOSITUS



RESERVISTA



͵ͳ CIVILLAWTEAM









RESERVATARIOS















SUCCESSION



ORIGIN





RESERVISTA



RESERVATARIO



4DISINHERITANCE





























SUCCESSION



c Spouse



























6 Allothersprorata








LDPO1 Legitimeof


vivos3 Preferential

legaciesordevises




6 Allothersprorata








SUCCESSION




AGENERALPROVISIONS

1RELATIONSHIP

















degree8 TheState










͵ʹʹ










SUCCESSION






















preventsuch






childwhodied



(D)dagger

Legit Xdagger

legit (X1)

Illegit Ydagger

illegit (X2)

legit (Y2)

illegit (Y1)





















ARIGHTOFACCRETION



SUCCESSION






































decedent

























brotherA



SUCCESSION



GUARDIANS



ATTESTINGWITNESSES




͵ʹ




PHYSICIANS















legitime






havebeenmade



withouteffect


Expressorimplied

Grounds



























SUCCESSION











inheritance





collationifalive







1PARTITION







theestate


͵͵Ͳ CIVILLAWTEAM









3EFFECTSOFPARTITION





















A







MORTIS CAUSA

D ONEROUS DONATION




B PERFECTION


A

SALES


A AGE-COP



Two Views

Paras Buyer except










A










A SIM








Q Who is a broker

Q What is factorage



1 Personal acts



1 Present

2 Capacitated







COMMODATUM

LEASE

Real contract

Consensual


Onerous

COMMODATUM








Q What is guaranty







































Step 4 Collation



Step 3 Net Value






SUCCESSION











͵ͳ͵





























SUCCESSION















ORIGIN


PROPOSITUS



RESERVISTA



͵ͳ CIVILLAWTEAM









RESERVATARIOS















SUCCESSION



ORIGIN





RESERVISTA



RESERVATARIO



4DISINHERITANCE





























SUCCESSION



c Spouse



























6 Allothersprorata








LDPO1 Legitimeof


vivos3 Preferential

legaciesordevises




6 Allothersprorata








SUCCESSION




AGENERALPROVISIONS

1RELATIONSHIP

















degree8 TheState










͵ʹʹ










SUCCESSION






















preventsuch






childwhodied



(D)dagger

Legit Xdagger

legit (X1)

Illegit Ydagger

illegit (X2)

legit (Y2)

illegit (Y1)





















ARIGHTOFACCRETION



SUCCESSION






































decedent

























brotherA



SUCCESSION



GUARDIANS



ATTESTINGWITNESSES




͵ʹ




PHYSICIANS















legitime






havebeenmade



withouteffect


Expressorimplied

Grounds



























SUCCESSION











inheritance





collationifalive







1PARTITION







theestate


͵͵Ͳ CIVILLAWTEAM









3EFFECTSOFPARTITION





















A







MORTIS CAUSA

D ONEROUS DONATION




B PERFECTION


A

SALES


A AGE-COP



Two Views

Paras Buyer except










A










A SIM








Q Who is a broker

Q What is factorage



1 Personal acts



1 Present

2 Capacitated







COMMODATUM

LEASE

Real contract

Consensual


Onerous

COMMODATUM








Q What is guaranty





























SUCCESSION











͵ͳ͵





























SUCCESSION















ORIGIN


PROPOSITUS



RESERVISTA



͵ͳ CIVILLAWTEAM









RESERVATARIOS















SUCCESSION



ORIGIN





RESERVISTA



RESERVATARIO



4DISINHERITANCE





























SUCCESSION



c Spouse



























6 Allothersprorata








LDPO1 Legitimeof


vivos3 Preferential

legaciesordevises




6 Allothersprorata








SUCCESSION




AGENERALPROVISIONS

1RELATIONSHIP

















degree8 TheState










͵ʹʹ










SUCCESSION






















preventsuch






childwhodied



(D)dagger

Legit Xdagger

legit (X1)

Illegit Ydagger

illegit (X2)

legit (Y2)

illegit (Y1)





















ARIGHTOFACCRETION



SUCCESSION






































decedent

























brotherA



SUCCESSION



GUARDIANS



ATTESTINGWITNESSES




͵ʹ




PHYSICIANS















legitime






havebeenmade



withouteffect


Expressorimplied

Grounds



























SUCCESSION











inheritance





collationifalive







1PARTITION







theestate


͵͵Ͳ CIVILLAWTEAM









3EFFECTSOFPARTITION





















A







MORTIS CAUSA

D ONEROUS DONATION




B PERFECTION


A

SALES


A AGE-COP



Two Views

Paras Buyer except










A










A SIM








Q Who is a broker

Q What is factorage



1 Personal acts



1 Present

2 Capacitated







COMMODATUM

LEASE

Real contract

Consensual


Onerous

COMMODATUM








Q What is guaranty




















































SUCCESSION















ORIGIN


PROPOSITUS



RESERVISTA



͵ͳ CIVILLAWTEAM









RESERVATARIOS















SUCCESSION



ORIGIN





RESERVISTA



RESERVATARIO



4DISINHERITANCE





























SUCCESSION



c Spouse



























6 Allothersprorata








LDPO1 Legitimeof


vivos3 Preferential

legaciesordevises




6 Allothersprorata








SUCCESSION




AGENERALPROVISIONS

1RELATIONSHIP

















degree8 TheState










͵ʹʹ










SUCCESSION






















preventsuch






childwhodied



(D)dagger

Legit Xdagger

legit (X1)

Illegit Ydagger

illegit (X2)

legit (Y2)

illegit (Y1)





















ARIGHTOFACCRETION



SUCCESSION






































decedent

























brotherA



SUCCESSION



GUARDIANS



ATTESTINGWITNESSES




͵ʹ




PHYSICIANS















legitime






havebeenmade



withouteffect


Expressorimplied

Grounds



























SUCCESSION











inheritance





collationifalive







1PARTITION







theestate


͵͵Ͳ CIVILLAWTEAM









3EFFECTSOFPARTITION





















A







MORTIS CAUSA

D ONEROUS DONATION




B PERFECTION


A

SALES


A AGE-COP



Two Views

Paras Buyer except










A










A SIM








Q Who is a broker

Q What is factorage



1 Personal acts



1 Present

2 Capacitated







COMMODATUM

LEASE

Real contract

Consensual


Onerous

COMMODATUM








Q What is guaranty






























͵ͳ CIVILLAWTEAM









RESERVATARIOS















SUCCESSION



ORIGIN





RESERVISTA



RESERVATARIO



4DISINHERITANCE





























SUCCESSION



c Spouse



























6 Allothersprorata








LDPO1 Legitimeof


vivos3 Preferential

legaciesordevises




6 Allothersprorata








SUCCESSION




AGENERALPROVISIONS

1RELATIONSHIP

















degree8 TheState










͵ʹʹ










SUCCESSION






















preventsuch






childwhodied



(D)dagger

Legit Xdagger

legit (X1)

Illegit Ydagger

illegit (X2)

legit (Y2)

illegit (Y1)





















ARIGHTOFACCRETION



SUCCESSION






































decedent

























brotherA



SUCCESSION



GUARDIANS



ATTESTINGWITNESSES




͵ʹ




PHYSICIANS















legitime






havebeenmade



withouteffect


Expressorimplied

Grounds



























SUCCESSION











inheritance





collationifalive







1PARTITION







theestate


͵͵Ͳ CIVILLAWTEAM









3EFFECTSOFPARTITION





















A







MORTIS CAUSA

D ONEROUS DONATION




B PERFECTION


A

SALES


A AGE-COP



Two Views

Paras Buyer except










A










A SIM








Q Who is a broker

Q What is factorage



1 Personal acts



1 Present

2 Capacitated







COMMODATUM

LEASE

Real contract

Consensual


Onerous

COMMODATUM








Q What is guaranty





























SUCCESSION



ORIGIN





RESERVISTA



RESERVATARIO



4DISINHERITANCE





























SUCCESSION



c Spouse



























6 Allothersprorata








LDPO1 Legitimeof


vivos3 Preferential

legaciesordevises




6 Allothersprorata








SUCCESSION




AGENERALPROVISIONS

1RELATIONSHIP

















degree8 TheState










͵ʹʹ










SUCCESSION






















preventsuch






childwhodied



(D)dagger

Legit Xdagger

legit (X1)

Illegit Ydagger

illegit (X2)

legit (Y2)

illegit (Y1)





















ARIGHTOFACCRETION



SUCCESSION






































decedent

























brotherA



SUCCESSION



GUARDIANS



ATTESTINGWITNESSES




͵ʹ




PHYSICIANS















legitime






havebeenmade



withouteffect


Expressorimplied

Grounds



























SUCCESSION











inheritance





collationifalive







1PARTITION







theestate


͵͵Ͳ CIVILLAWTEAM









3EFFECTSOFPARTITION





















A







MORTIS CAUSA

D ONEROUS DONATION




B PERFECTION


A

SALES


A AGE-COP



Two Views

Paras Buyer except










A










A SIM








Q Who is a broker

Q What is factorage



1 Personal acts



1 Present

2 Capacitated







COMMODATUM

LEASE

Real contract

Consensual


Onerous

COMMODATUM








Q What is guaranty



















































SUCCESSION



c Spouse



























6 Allothersprorata








LDPO1 Legitimeof


vivos3 Preferential

legaciesordevises




6 Allothersprorata








SUCCESSION




AGENERALPROVISIONS

1RELATIONSHIP

















degree8 TheState










͵ʹʹ










SUCCESSION






















preventsuch






childwhodied



(D)dagger

Legit Xdagger

legit (X1)

Illegit Ydagger

illegit (X2)

legit (Y2)

illegit (Y1)





















ARIGHTOFACCRETION



SUCCESSION






































decedent

























brotherA



SUCCESSION



GUARDIANS



ATTESTINGWITNESSES




͵ʹ




PHYSICIANS















legitime






havebeenmade



withouteffect


Expressorimplied

Grounds



























SUCCESSION











inheritance





collationifalive







1PARTITION







theestate


͵͵Ͳ CIVILLAWTEAM









3EFFECTSOFPARTITION





















A







MORTIS CAUSA

D ONEROUS DONATION




B PERFECTION


A

SALES


A AGE-COP



Two Views

Paras Buyer except










A










A SIM








Q Who is a broker

Q What is factorage



1 Personal acts



1 Present

2 Capacitated







COMMODATUM

LEASE

Real contract

Consensual


Onerous

COMMODATUM








Q What is guaranty






































6 Allothersprorata








LDPO1 Legitimeof


vivos3 Preferential

legaciesordevises




6 Allothersprorata








SUCCESSION




AGENERALPROVISIONS

1RELATIONSHIP

















degree8 TheState










͵ʹʹ










SUCCESSION






















preventsuch






childwhodied



(D)dagger

Legit Xdagger

legit (X1)

Illegit Ydagger

illegit (X2)

legit (Y2)

illegit (Y1)





















ARIGHTOFACCRETION



SUCCESSION






































decedent

























brotherA



SUCCESSION



GUARDIANS



ATTESTINGWITNESSES




͵ʹ




PHYSICIANS















legitime






havebeenmade



withouteffect


Expressorimplied

Grounds



























SUCCESSION











inheritance





collationifalive







1PARTITION







theestate


͵͵Ͳ CIVILLAWTEAM









3EFFECTSOFPARTITION





















A







MORTIS CAUSA

D ONEROUS DONATION




B PERFECTION


A

SALES


A AGE-COP



Two Views

Paras Buyer except










A










A SIM








Q Who is a broker

Q What is factorage



1 Personal acts



1 Present

2 Capacitated







COMMODATUM

LEASE

Real contract

Consensual


Onerous

COMMODATUM








Q What is guaranty





























SUCCESSION




AGENERALPROVISIONS

1RELATIONSHIP

















degree8 TheState










͵ʹʹ










SUCCESSION






















preventsuch






childwhodied



(D)dagger

Legit Xdagger

legit (X1)

Illegit Ydagger

illegit (X2)

legit (Y2)

illegit (Y1)





















ARIGHTOFACCRETION



SUCCESSION






































decedent

























brotherA



SUCCESSION



GUARDIANS



ATTESTINGWITNESSES




͵ʹ




PHYSICIANS















legitime






havebeenmade



withouteffect


Expressorimplied

Grounds



























SUCCESSION











inheritance





collationifalive







1PARTITION







theestate


͵͵Ͳ CIVILLAWTEAM









3EFFECTSOFPARTITION





















A







MORTIS CAUSA

D ONEROUS DONATION




B PERFECTION


A

SALES


A AGE-COP



Two Views

Paras Buyer except










A










A SIM








Q Who is a broker

Q What is factorage



1 Personal acts



1 Present

2 Capacitated







COMMODATUM

LEASE

Real contract

Consensual


Onerous

COMMODATUM








Q What is guaranty

































͵ʹʹ










SUCCESSION






















preventsuch






childwhodied



(D)dagger

Legit Xdagger

legit (X1)

Illegit Ydagger

illegit (X2)

legit (Y2)

illegit (Y1)





















ARIGHTOFACCRETION



SUCCESSION






































decedent

























brotherA



SUCCESSION



GUARDIANS



ATTESTINGWITNESSES




͵ʹ




PHYSICIANS















legitime






havebeenmade



withouteffect


Expressorimplied

Grounds



























SUCCESSION











inheritance





collationifalive







1PARTITION







theestate


͵͵Ͳ CIVILLAWTEAM









3EFFECTSOFPARTITION





















A







MORTIS CAUSA

D ONEROUS DONATION




B PERFECTION


A

SALES


A AGE-COP



Two Views

Paras Buyer except










A










A SIM








Q Who is a broker

Q What is factorage



1 Personal acts



1 Present

2 Capacitated







COMMODATUM

LEASE

Real contract

Consensual


Onerous

COMMODATUM








Q What is guaranty





























SUCCESSION






















preventsuch






childwhodied



(D)dagger

Legit Xdagger

legit (X1)

Illegit Ydagger

illegit (X2)

legit (Y2)

illegit (Y1)





















ARIGHTOFACCRETION



SUCCESSION






































decedent

























brotherA



SUCCESSION



GUARDIANS



ATTESTINGWITNESSES




͵ʹ




PHYSICIANS















legitime






havebeenmade



withouteffect


Expressorimplied

Grounds



























SUCCESSION











inheritance





collationifalive







1PARTITION







theestate


͵͵Ͳ CIVILLAWTEAM









3EFFECTSOFPARTITION





















A







MORTIS CAUSA

D ONEROUS DONATION




B PERFECTION


A

SALES


A AGE-COP



Two Views

Paras Buyer except










A










A SIM








Q Who is a broker

Q What is factorage



1 Personal acts



1 Present

2 Capacitated







COMMODATUM

LEASE

Real contract

Consensual


Onerous

COMMODATUM








Q What is guaranty














































ARIGHTOFACCRETION



SUCCESSION






































decedent

























brotherA



SUCCESSION



GUARDIANS



ATTESTINGWITNESSES




͵ʹ




PHYSICIANS















legitime






havebeenmade



withouteffect


Expressorimplied

Grounds



























SUCCESSION











inheritance





collationifalive







1PARTITION







theestate


͵͵Ͳ CIVILLAWTEAM









3EFFECTSOFPARTITION





















A







MORTIS CAUSA

D ONEROUS DONATION




B PERFECTION


A

SALES


A AGE-COP



Two Views

Paras Buyer except










A










A SIM








Q Who is a broker

Q What is factorage



1 Personal acts



1 Present

2 Capacitated







COMMODATUM

LEASE

Real contract

Consensual


Onerous

COMMODATUM








Q What is guaranty





























SUCCESSION






































decedent

























brotherA



SUCCESSION



GUARDIANS



ATTESTINGWITNESSES




͵ʹ




PHYSICIANS















legitime






havebeenmade



withouteffect


Expressorimplied

Grounds



























SUCCESSION











inheritance





collationifalive







1PARTITION







theestate


͵͵Ͳ CIVILLAWTEAM









3EFFECTSOFPARTITION





















A







MORTIS CAUSA

D ONEROUS DONATION




B PERFECTION


A

SALES


A AGE-COP



Two Views

Paras Buyer except










A










A SIM








Q Who is a broker

Q What is factorage



1 Personal acts



1 Present

2 Capacitated







COMMODATUM

LEASE

Real contract

Consensual


Onerous

COMMODATUM








Q What is guaranty




































decedent

























brotherA



SUCCESSION



GUARDIANS



ATTESTINGWITNESSES




͵ʹ




PHYSICIANS















legitime






havebeenmade



withouteffect


Expressorimplied

Grounds



























SUCCESSION











inheritance





collationifalive







1PARTITION







theestate


͵͵Ͳ CIVILLAWTEAM









3EFFECTSOFPARTITION





















A







MORTIS CAUSA

D ONEROUS DONATION




B PERFECTION


A

SALES


A AGE-COP



Two Views

Paras Buyer except










A










A SIM








Q Who is a broker

Q What is factorage



1 Personal acts



1 Present

2 Capacitated







COMMODATUM

LEASE

Real contract

Consensual


Onerous

COMMODATUM








Q What is guaranty





























SUCCESSION



GUARDIANS



ATTESTINGWITNESSES




͵ʹ




PHYSICIANS















legitime






havebeenmade



withouteffect


Expressorimplied

Grounds



























SUCCESSION











inheritance





collationifalive







1PARTITION







theestate


͵͵Ͳ CIVILLAWTEAM









3EFFECTSOFPARTITION





















A







MORTIS CAUSA

D ONEROUS DONATION




B PERFECTION


A

SALES


A AGE-COP



Two Views

Paras Buyer except










A










A SIM








Q Who is a broker

Q What is factorage



1 Personal acts



1 Present

2 Capacitated







COMMODATUM

LEASE

Real contract

Consensual


Onerous

COMMODATUM








Q What is guaranty


































legitime






havebeenmade



withouteffect


Expressorimplied

Grounds



























SUCCESSION











inheritance





collationifalive







1PARTITION







theestate


͵͵Ͳ CIVILLAWTEAM









3EFFECTSOFPARTITION





















A







MORTIS CAUSA

D ONEROUS DONATION




B PERFECTION


A

SALES


A AGE-COP



Two Views

Paras Buyer except










A










A SIM








Q Who is a broker

Q What is factorage



1 Personal acts



1 Present

2 Capacitated







COMMODATUM

LEASE

Real contract

Consensual


Onerous

COMMODATUM








Q What is guaranty





























SUCCESSION











inheritance





collationifalive







1PARTITION







theestate


͵͵Ͳ CIVILLAWTEAM









3EFFECTSOFPARTITION





















A







MORTIS CAUSA

D ONEROUS DONATION




B PERFECTION


A

SALES


A AGE-COP



Two Views

Paras Buyer except










A










A SIM








Q Who is a broker

Q What is factorage



1 Personal acts



1 Present

2 Capacitated







COMMODATUM

LEASE

Real contract

Consensual


Onerous

COMMODATUM








Q What is guaranty






























͵͵Ͳ CIVILLAWTEAM









3EFFECTSOFPARTITION





















A







MORTIS CAUSA

D ONEROUS DONATION




B PERFECTION


A

SALES


A AGE-COP



Two Views

Paras Buyer except










A










A SIM








Q Who is a broker

Q What is factorage



1 Personal acts



1 Present

2 Capacitated







COMMODATUM

LEASE

Real contract

Consensual


Onerous

COMMODATUM








Q What is guaranty





























ust - wills

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