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U.S EMBASSYCOMPOUND EMERGENCY

SANCTUARY (CES)

November 29,2013

DESIGN

Division 15 - Division 16

DIVISION 15 – MECHANICAL

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF STATE 28 FEBRUARY 2006 OVERSEAS BUILDINGS OPERATIONS OBO STANDARD SPECIFICATIONS

BASIC MECHANICAL MATERIALS AND METHODS SECTION 15050 - 1

SECTION 15050 - BASIC MECHANICAL MATERIALS AND METHODS

PART 1 - GENERAL

1.1 SUMMARY

A. This Section includes the following:

1. Piping materials and installation instructions common to most piping systems. 2. Transition fittings. 3. Dielectric fittings. 4. Mechanical sleeve seals. 5. Sleeves. 6. Escutcheons. 7. Grout. 8. Equipment installation requirements common to equipment sections. 9. Painting and finishing. 10. Concrete bases. 11. Supports and anchorages.

1.2 DEFINITIONS

A. Finished Spaces: Spaces other than mechanical and electrical equipment rooms, furred spaces, pipe and duct shafts, unheated spaces immediately below roof, spaces above ceilings, unexcavated spaces, crawlspaces, and tunnels.

B. Exposed, Interior Installations: Exposed to view indoors. Examples include finished occupied spaces and mechanical equipment rooms.

C. Exposed, Exterior Installations: Exposed to view outdoors or subject to outdoor ambient temperatures and weather conditions. Examples include rooftop locations.

D. Concealed, Interior Installations: Concealed from view and protected from physical contact by building occupants. Examples include above ceilings and in duct shafts.

E. Concealed, Exterior Installations: Concealed from view and protected from weather conditions and physical contact by building occupants but subject to outdoor ambient temperatures. Examples include installations within unheated shelters.

F. The following are industry abbreviations for rubber materials:

1. EPDM: Ethylene-propylene-diene terpolymer rubber.

1.3 PREVENTION OF CORROSION



A. For all outdoor applications and all indoor applications in a harsh environment refer to Section 09960, “High Performance Coatings.”

1.4 SUBMITTALS

A. Product Data: For the following:

1. Transition fittings. 2. Dielectric fittings. 3. Mechanical sleeve seals. 4. Escutcheons.

B. Welding certificates.

1.5 QUALITY ASSURANCE

A. Steel Support Welding: Qualify processes and operators according to AWS D1.1, "Structural Welding Code--Steel."

B. Steel Pipe Welding: Qualify processes and operators according to ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code: Section IX, "Welding and Brazing Qualifications."

1. Comply with provisions in ASME B31 Series, "Code for Pressure Piping." 2. Certify that each welder has passed AWS qualification tests for welding processes

involved and that certification is current.

C. Electrical Characteristics for Mechanical Equipment: Equipment of higher electrical characteristics may be furnished provided such proposed equipment is approved in writing and connecting electrical services, circuit breakers, and conduit sizes are appropriately modified. If minimum energy ratings or efficiencies are specified, equipment shall comply with requirements.

D. All Division 15 work shall comply with the most recent version of the International Mechanical Code, The International Plumbing Code, and the International Fuel Gas Code.

E. Commissioning of all Division 15 work shall be performed in accordance with ASHRAE Guideline 1 – “The HVAC Commissioning Process.”

1.6 DELIVERY, STORAGE, AND HANDLING

A. Deliver pipes and tubes with factory-applied end caps. Maintain end caps through shipping, storage, and handling to prevent pipe end damage and to prevent entrance of dirt, debris, and moisture.

B. Store plastic pipes protected from direct sunlight. Support to prevent sagging and bending.



1.7 COORDINATION

A. Arrange for pipe spaces, chases, slots, and openings in building structure during progress of construction, to allow for mechanical installations.

B. Coordinate installation of required supporting devices and set sleeves in poured-in-place concrete and other structural components as they are constructed.

C. Coordinate requirements for access panels and doors for mechanical items requiring access that are concealed behind finished surfaces. Access panels and doors are specified in Division 8 Section "Access Doors and Frames."

PART 2 - PRODUCTS

2.1 PIPE, TUBE, AND FITTINGS

A. Refer to individual Division 15 piping Sections for pipe, tube, and fitting materials and joining methods.

B. Pipe Threads: ASME B1.20.1 for factory-threaded pipe and pipe fittings.

2.2 JOINING MATERIALS

A. Refer to individual Division 15 piping Sections for special joining materials not listed below.

B. Pipe-Flange Gasket Materials: Suitable for chemical and thermal conditions of piping system contents.

1. ASME B16.21, nonmetallic, flat, asbestos-free, 3.2-mm maximum thickness unless thickness or specific material is indicated.

a. Full-Face Type: For flat-face, Class 125, cast-iron and cast-bronze flanges. b. Narrow-Face Type: For raised-face, Class 250, cast-iron and steel flanges.

2. AWWA C110, rubber, flat face, 3.2 mm thick, unless otherwise indicated; and full-face or ring type, unless otherwise indicated.

C. Flange Bolts and Nuts: ASME B18.2.1, carbon steel, unless otherwise indicated.

D. Solder Filler Metals: ASTM B 32, lead-free alloys. Include water-flushable flux according to ASTM B 813.

E. Brazing Filler Metals: AWS A5.8, BCuP Series, copper-phosphorus alloys for general-duty brazing, unless otherwise indicated; and AWS A5.8, BAg1, silver alloy for refrigerant piping, unless otherwise indicated.



F. Welding Filler Metals: Comply with AWS D10.12 for welding materials appropriate for wall thickness and chemical analysis of steel pipe being welded.

2.3 TRANSITION FITTINGS

A. AWWA Transition Couplings: Same size as, and with pressure rating at least equal to and with ends compatible with, piping to be joined.

1. Underground Piping DN 40 and Smaller: Manufactured fitting or coupling. 2. Underground Piping DN 50 and Larger: AWWA C219, metal sleeve-type coupling. 3. Aboveground Pressure Piping: Pipe fitting.

B. Flexible Transition Couplings for Underground Nonpressure Drainage Piping: ASTM C 1173 with elastomeric sleeve, ends same size as piping to be joined, and corrosion-resistant metal band on each end.

2.4 DIELECTRIC FITTINGS

A. Description: Combination fitting of copper alloy and ferrous materials with threaded, solder-joint, plain, or weld-neck end connections that match piping system materials.

B. Insulating Material: Suitable for system fluid, pressure, and temperature.

C. Dielectric Unions: Factory-fabricated, union assembly, for 1725-kPa minimum working pressure at 82 deg C.

D. Dielectric Flanges: Factory-fabricated, companion-flange assembly, for 1035- or 2070-kPa minimum working pressure as required to suit system pressures.

E. Dielectric-Flange Kits: Companion-flange assembly for field assembly. Include flanges, full-face- or ring-type neoprene or phenolic gasket, phenolic or polyethylene bolt sleeves, phenolic washers, and steel backing washers.

1. Separate companion flanges and steel bolts and nuts shall have 1035- or 2070-kPa minimum working pressure where required to suit system pressures.

F. Dielectric Couplings: Galvanized-steel coupling with inert and noncorrosive, thermoplastic lining; threaded ends; and 2070-kPa minimum working pressure at 107 deg C.

G. Dielectric Nipples: Electroplated steel nipple with inert and noncorrosive, thermoplastic lining; plain, threaded, or grooved ends; and 2070-kPa minimum working pressure at 107 deg C.

2.5 MECHANICAL SLEEVE SEALS

A. Description: Modular sealing element unit, designed for field assembly, to fill annular space between pipe and sleeve.



1. Sealing Elements: EPDM interlocking links shaped to fit surface of pipe. Include type and number required for pipe material and size of pipe.

2. Pressure Plates: Plastic. Include two for each sealing element. 3. Connecting Bolts and Nuts: Carbon steel with corrosion-resistant coating of length

required to secure pressure plates to sealing elements. Include one for each sealing element.

2.6 SLEEVES

A. Galvanized-Steel Sheet: 0.6-mm minimum thickness; round tube closed with welded longitudinal joint.

B. Steel Pipe: ASTM A 53, Type E, Grade B, Schedule 40, galvanized, plain ends.

C. Cast Iron: Cast or fabricated "wall pipe" equivalent to ductile-iron pressure pipe, with plain ends and integral waterstop, unless otherwise indicated.

D. Stack Sleeve Fittings: Manufactured, cast-iron sleeve with integral clamping flange. Include clamping ring and bolts and nuts for membrane flashing.

1. Underdeck Clamp: Clamping ring with set screws.

2.7 ESCUTCHEONS

A. Description: Manufactured wall and ceiling escutcheons and floor plates, with an ID to closely fit around pipe, tube, and insulation of insulated piping and an OD that completely covers opening.

B. One-Piece, Deep-Pattern Type: Deep-drawn, box-shaped brass with polished chrome-plated finish.

C. One-Piece, Cast-Brass Type: With set screw.

1. Finish: Polished chrome-plated.

D. Split-Casting, Cast-Brass Type: With concealed hinge and set screw.

1. Finish: Polished chrome-plated.

E. One-Piece, Stamped-Steel Type: With spring clipsand chrome-plated finish.

F. One-Piece, Floor-Plate Type: Cast-iron floor plate.

2.8 PAINTING

A. For all outdoor applications and all indoor applications in a harsh environment refer to Section 09960, “High Performance Coatings.”



2.9 GROUT

A. Description: ASTM C 1107, Grade B, nonshrink and nonmetallic, dry hydraulic-cement grout.

1. Characteristics: Post-hardening, volume-adjusting, nonstaining, noncorrosive, nongaseous, and recommended for interior and exterior applications.

2. Design Mix: 34.5-MPa, 28-day compressive strength. 3. Packaging: Premixed and factory packaged

2.10 ACOUSTIC SECURITY

A. All installations of piping and ductwork shall be performed in a way as to maintain the acoustic security of the facility. All wall penetrations shall be treated to maintain the STC ratings indicated on Drawing Set B.

PART 3 - EXECUTION

3.1 PIPING SYSTEMS - COMMON REQUIREMENTS

A. Install piping according to the following requirements and Division 15 Sections specifying piping systems.

B. Drawing plans, schematics, and diagrams indicate general location and arrangement of piping systems. Indicated locations and arrangements were used to size pipe and calculate friction loss, expansion, pump sizing, and other design considerations. Install piping as indicated unless deviations to layout are approved on Coordination Drawings.

C. Install piping in concealed locations, unless otherwise indicated and except in equipment rooms and service areas.

D. Install piping indicated to be exposed and piping in equipment rooms and service areas at right angles or parallel to building walls. Diagonal runs are prohibited unless specifically indicated otherwise.

E. Install piping above accessible ceilings to allow sufficient space for ceiling panel removal.

F. Install piping to permit valve servicing.

G. Install piping at indicated slopes.

H. Install piping free of sags and bends.

I. Install fittings for changes in direction and branch connections.

J. Install piping to allow application of insulation.



K. Select system components with pressure rating equal to or greater than system operating pressure.

L. Install escutcheons for penetrations of walls, ceilings, and floors according to the following:

1. New Piping:

a. Piping with Fitting or Sleeve Protruding from Wall: One-piece, deep-pattern type. b. Chrome-Plated Piping: One-piece, cast-brass type with polished chrome-plated

finish. c. Insulated Piping: One-piece, stamped-steel type with spring clips. d. Bare Piping at Wall and Floor Penetrations in Finished Spaces: One-piece, cast-

brass type with polished chrome-plated finish. e. Bare Piping at Ceiling Penetrations in Finished Spaces: One-piece or split-casting,

cast-brass type with polished chrome-plated finish. f. Bare Piping in Unfinished Service Spaces: One-piece, cast-brass type with

polished chrome-plated finish. g. Bare Piping in Equipment Rooms: One-piece, cast-brass type. h. Bare Piping at Floor Penetrations in Equipment Rooms: One-piece, floor-plate

type.

M. Sleeves are not required for core-drilled holes.

N. Permanent sleeves are not required for holes formed by removable PE sleeves.

O. Install sleeves for pipes passing through concrete and masonry walls, gypsum-board partitions, and concrete floor and roof slabs.

1. Cut sleeves to length for mounting flush with both surfaces.

a. Exception: Extend sleeves installed in floors of mechanical equipment areas or other wet areas 50 mm above finished floor level. Extend cast-iron sleeve fittings below floor slab as required to secure clamping ring if ring is specified.

2. Install sleeves in new walls and slabs as new walls and slabs are constructed. 3. Install sleeves that are large enough to provide 6.4-mm annular clear space between

sleeve and pipe or pipe insulation. Use the following sleeve materials:

a. Steel Pipe Sleeves: For pipes smaller than DN 150. b. Steel Sheet Sleeves: For pipes DN 150 and larger, penetrating gypsum-board

partitions. c. Stack Sleeve Fittings: For pipes penetrating floors with membrane waterproofing.

Secure flashing between clamping flanges. Install section of cast-iron soil pipe to extend sleeve to 50 mm above finished floor level. Refer to Division 7 Section "Sheet Metal Flashing and Trim" for flashing.

1) Seal space outside of sleeve fittings with grout.



4. Except for underground wall penetrations, seal annular space between sleeve and pipe or pipe insulation, using joint sealants appropriate for size, depth, and location of joint. Refer to Division 7 Section "Joint Sealants" for materials and installation.

P. Aboveground, Exterior-Wall Pipe Penetrations: Seal penetrations using sleeves and mechanical sleeve seals. Select sleeve size to allow for 25-mm annular clear space between pipe and sleeve for installing mechanical sleeve seals.

1. Install steel pipe for sleeves smaller than 150 mm in diameter. 2. Install cast-iron "wall pipes" for sleeves 150 mm and larger in diameter. 3. Mechanical Sleeve Seal Installation: Select type and number of sealing elements

required for pipe material and size. Position pipe in center of sleeve. Assemble mechanical sleeve seals and install in annular space between pipe and sleeve. Tighten bolts against pressure plates that cause sealing elements to expand and make watertight seal.

Q. Underground, Exterior-Wall Pipe Penetrations: Install cast-iron "wall pipes" for sleeves. Seal pipe penetrations using mechanical sleeve seals. Select sleeve size to allow for 25-mm annular clear space between pipe and sleeve for installing mechanical sleeve seals.

R. Mechanical Sleeve Seal Installation: Select type and number of sealing elements required for pipe material and size. Position pipe in center of sleeve. Assemble mechanical sleeve seals and install in annular space between pipe and sleeve. Tighten bolts against pressure plates that cause sealing elements to expand and make watertight seal.

S. Fire-Barrier Penetrations: Maintain indicated fire rating of walls, partitions, ceilings, and floors at pipe penetrations. Seal pipe penetrations with firestop materials. Refer to Division 7 Section "Through-Penetration Firestop Systems" for materials.

T. Verify final equipment locations for roughing-in.

U. Refer to equipment specifications in other Sections of these Specifications for roughing-in requirements.

V. No installation shall be permitted which blocks or otherwise impedes access to any existing machine or system. Except as otherwise indicated, emergency switches and alarms shall be installed in conspicuous locations. All indicators, to include gauges, meters, and alarms shall be mounted in order to be easily visible by people in the area.

3.2 PIPING JOINT CONSTRUCTION

A. Join pipe and fittings according to the following requirements and Division 15 Sections specifying piping systems.

B. Ream ends of pipes and tubes and remove burrs. Bevel plain ends of steel pipe.

C. Remove scale, slag, dirt, and debris from inside and outside of pipe and fittings before assembly.



D. Soldered Joints: Apply ASTM B 813, water-flushable flux, unless otherwise indicated, to tube end. Construct joints according to ASTM B 828 or CDA's "Copper Tube Handbook," using lead-free solder alloy complying with ASTM B 32.

E. Brazed Joints: Construct joints according to AWS's "Brazing Handbook," "Pipe and Tube" Chapter, using copper-phosphorus brazing filler metal complying with AWS A5.8.

F. Threaded Joints: Thread pipe with tapered pipe threads according to ASME B1.20.1. Cut threads full and clean using sharp dies. Ream threaded pipe ends to remove burrs and restore full ID. Join pipe fittings and valves as follows:

1. Apply appropriate tape or thread compound to external pipe threads unless dry seal threading is specified.

2. Damaged Threads: Do not use pipe or pipe fittings with threads that are corroded or damaged. Do not use pipe sections that have cracked or open welds.

G. Welded Joints: Construct joints according to AWS D10.12, using qualified processes and welding operators according to Part 1 "Quality Assurance" Article.

H. Flanged Joints: Select appropriate gasket material, size, type, and thickness for service application. Install gasket concentrically positioned. Use suitable lubricants on bolt threads.

3.3 PIPING CONNECTIONS

A. Make connections according to the following, unless otherwise indicated:

1. Install unions, in piping DN 50 and smaller, adjacent to each valve and at final connection to each piece of equipment.

2. Install flanges, in piping DN 65 and larger, adjacent to flanged valves and at final connection to each piece of equipment.

3. Dry Piping Systems: Install dielectric unions and flanges to connect piping materials of dissimilar metals.

4. Wet Piping Systems: Install dielectric coupling and nipple fittings to connect piping materials of dissimilar metals.

3.4 EQUIPMENT INSTALLATION - COMMON REQUIREMENTS

A. Install equipment to allow maximum possible headroom unless specific mounting heights are not indicated.

B. Install equipment level and plumb, parallel and perpendicular to other building systems and components in exposed interior spaces, unless otherwise indicated.

C. Install mechanical equipment to facilitate service, maintenance, and repair or replacement of components. Connect equipment for ease of disconnecting, with minimum interference to other installations. Extend grease fittings to accessible locations.

D. Install equipment to allow right of way for piping installed at required slope.



3.5 PAINTING

A. Painting of mechanical systems, equipment, and components is specified in Division 9 Section "Painting."

B. Damage and Touchup: Repair marred and damaged factory-painted finishes with materials and procedures to match original factory finish.

3.6 CONCRETE BASES

A. Concrete Bases: Anchor equipment to concrete base according to equipment manufacturer's written instructions and according to seismic codes at Project.

1. Construct concrete bases of dimensions indicated, but not less than 100 mm larger in both directions than supported unit.

2. Install dowel rods to connect concrete base to concrete floor. Unless otherwise indicated, install dowel rods on 450-mm centers around the full perimeter of the base.

3. Install epoxy-coated anchor bolts for supported equipment that extend through concrete base, and anchor into structural concrete floor.

4. Place and secure anchorage devices. Use supported equipment manufacturer's setting drawings, templates, diagrams, instructions, and directions furnished with items to be embedded.

5. Install anchor bolts to elevations required for proper attachment to supported equipment. 6. Install anchor bolts according to anchor-bolt manufacturer's written instructions. 7. Use 20.7-MPa, 28-day compressive-strength concrete and reinforcement as specified in

Division 3 Section "Cast-in-Place Concrete."

B. Equipment bases and foundations, when constructed of concrete or grout, shall cure a minimum of 28 or 14 days as specified before being loaded.

3.7 ERECTION OF METAL SUPPORTS AND ANCHORAGES

A. Refer to Division 5 Section "Metal Fabrications" for structural steel.

B. Cut, fit, and place miscellaneous metal supports accurately in location, alignment, and elevation to support and anchor mechanical materials and equipment.

C. Field Welding: Comply with AWS D1.1.

3.8 ERECTION OF WOOD SUPPORTS AND ANCHORAGES

A. Cut, fit, and place wood grounds, nailers, blocking, and anchorages to support, and anchor mechanical materials and equipment.

B. Select fastener sizes that will not penetrate members if opposite side will be exposed to view or will receive finish materials. Tighten connections between members. Install fasteners without splitting wood members.



C. Attach to substrates as required to support applied loads.

3.9 GROUTING

A. Mix and install grout for mechanical equipment base bearing surfaces, pump and other equipment base plates, and anchors.

B. Clean surfaces that will come into contact with grout.

C. Provide forms as required for placement of grout.

D. Avoid air entrapment during placement of grout.

E. Place grout, completely filling equipment bases.

F. Place grout on concrete bases and provide smooth bearing surface for equipment.

G. Place grout around anchors.

H. Cure placed grout.

END OF SECTION 15050


MOTORS SECTION 15055 - 1

SECTION 15055 - MOTORS

PART 1 - GENERAL

1.1 SUMMARY

A. This Section includes basic requirements for factory-installed and field-installed motors.

B. Related Sections include the following:

1. Division 15 Section "Mechanical Vibration and Seismic Controls" for mounting motors and vibration isolation and seismic-control devices.

2. Division 15 Sections for application of motors and reference to specific motor requirements for motor-driven equipment.

3. Division 16 Section “Variable Frequency Controllers” for motors which are to used with variable speed controllers.

1.2 DEFINITIONS

A. Factory-Installed Motor: A motor installed by motorized-equipment manufacturer as a component of equipment.

1.3 SUBMITTALS

A. Product Data: Show nameplate data and ratings; characteristics; mounting arrangements; size and location of winding termination lugs, conduit entry, and grounding lug; and coatings.

B. Factory Test Reports: For specified test.

C. Field Test Reports: Indicate and interpret test results for compliance with performance requirements.

D. Coordination Drawings: Floor plans showing dimensioned layout, required working clearances, and required area above and around field-installed motors. Show motor layout, mechanical power transfer link, driven load, and relationship between electrical components and adjacent structural and mechanical elements. Show support locations, type of support, and weight on each support. Indicate field measurements.


A. Testing Agency Qualifications: An independent testing agency, acceptable to authorities having jurisdiction, with the experience and capability to conduct the testing indicated, as documented according to ASTM E 548.



B. Electrical Components, Devices, and Accessories: Listed and labeled as defined in NFPA 70, Article 100, by a testing agency acceptable to authorities having jurisdiction, and marked for intended use.

C. Comply with NFPA 70.

1.5 COORDINATION

A. Coordinate features of motors, installed units, and accessory devices. Provide motors that are:

1. Compatible with the following:

a. Magnetic controllers. b. Multispeed controllers. c. Reduced-voltage controllers.

2. Designed and labeled for use with variable frequency controllers, and suitable for use throughout speed range without overheating.

3. Matched to torque and horsepower requirements of the load. 4. Matched to ratings and characteristics of supply circuit and required control sequence.

PART 2 - PRODUCTS

2.1 MOTOR REQUIREMENTS

A. Motor requirements apply to factory-installed motors except as follows:

1. Different ratings, performance, or characteristics for a motor are specified in another Section.

2. Manufacturer for a factory-installed motor requires ratings, performance, or characteristics, other than those specified in this Section, to meet performance specified.

2.2 MOTOR CHARACTERISTICS

A. Motors 1/2 HP and Larger: Three phase.

B. Motors Smaller Than 1/2 HP: Single phase.

C. Frequency Rating: Compatibility with the host country voltage and frequency.

D. Voltage Rating: NEMA standard voltage selected to operate on nominal circuit voltage to which motor is connected.

E. Service Factor: 1.15 for open dripproof motors; 1.0 for totally enclosed motors.



F. Duty: Continuous duty at ambient temperature of 40 deg C and at same altitude as where the installation is to occur.

G. Capacity and Torque Characteristics: Sufficient to start, accelerate, and operate connected loads at designated speeds, at installed altitude and environment, with indicated operating sequence, and without exceeding nameplate ratings or considering service factor.

H. Enclosure: Open Dripproof

2.3 POLYPHASE MOTORS

A. Description: NEMA MG 1, Design B, medium induction motor, unless otherwise indicated.

B. Efficiency: Premium for motors of 3.7 kW or larger, as defined in NEMA MG 1.

C. Motors of 3.7 kW or larger shall employ power factor correction devices. The power factor correction shall provide for an overall power factor, measured at the point of connection of the equipment, of not less than 0.85 and not more than unity (1.0). Motors shall be provided with a low current, soft start capability to reduce the costs of gensets, switchgear and other power distribution equipment.

D. Stator: Copper windings, unless otherwise indicated. 1. Multi-speed motors shall have separate winding for each speed.

E. Rotor: Squirrel cage, unless otherwise indicated.

F. Bearings: Double-shielded, prelubricated ball bearings suitable for radial and thrust loading.

G. Temperature Rise: Match insulation rating, unless otherwise indicated.

H. Insulation: Class F, unless otherwise indicated.

I. Code Letter Designation: 1. Motors 15 HP and Larger: NEMA starting Code F or Code G. 2. Motors Smaller Than 15 HP: Manufacturer's standard starting characteristic.

J. Enclosure: Cast iron for motors 7.5 hp and larger; rolled steel for motors smaller than 7.5 hp. 1. Finish: [Gray enamel] <Insert finish>.

2.4 POLYPHASE MOTORS WITH ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS

A. Motors Used with Reduced-Inrush Controllers: Match wiring connection requirements for controller with required motor leads. Provide terminals in motor terminal box, suited to control method.



B. Motors Used with Variable Frequency Controllers: Ratings, characteristics, and features coordinated with and approved by controller manufacturer.

1. Designed with critical vibration frequencies outside operating range of controller output. 2. Temperature Rise: Matched to rating for Class B insulation. 3. Insulation: Class H. 4. Thermal Protection: Comply with NEMA MG 1 requirements for thermally protected

motors.

C. Rugged-Duty Motors: Totally enclosed, with 1.25 minimum service factor, greased bearings, integral condensate drains, and capped relief vents. Windings insulated with nonhygroscopic material.

D. Source Quality Control: Perform the following tests on each motor according to NEMA MG 1:

1. Measure winding resistance. 2. Read no-load current and speed at rated voltage and frequency. 3. Measure locked rotor current at rated frequency. 4. Perform high-potential test. 5. Alignment.

2.5 SINGLE-PHASE MOTORS

A. Type: One of the following, to suit starting torque and requirements of specific motor application:

1. Permanent-split capacitor. 2. Split-phase start, capacitor run. 3. Capacitor start, capacitor run.

B. Shaded-Pole Motors: For motors 1/20 hp and smaller only.

C. Thermal Protection: Internal protection to automatically open power supply circuit to motor when winding temperature exceeds a safe value calibrated to temperature rating of motor insulation. Thermal-protection device shall automatically reset when motor temperature returns to normal range.

D. Bearings: Ball type for belt-connected motors and other motors with high radial forces on motor shaft; sealed, prelubricated-sleeve type for other single-phase motors.

E. Source Quality Control: Perform the following tests on each motor according to NEMA MG 1:

1. Measure winding resistance. 2. Read no-load current and speed at rated voltage and frequency. 3. Measure locked rotor current at rated frequency. 4. Perform high-potential test.



PART 3 - EXECUTION

3.1 FIELD QUALITY CONTROL FOR FIELD-INSTALLED MOTORS

A. Prepare for acceptance tests. 1. Align motors, bases, shafts, pulleys, and belts. Tension belts according to manufacturer's

written instructions. 2. Verify bearing lubrication. 3. Run each motor with its controller. Demonstrate correct rotation, alignment, and speed at

motor design load. 4. Test interlocks and control and safety features for proper operation. 5. Verify that current and voltage for each phase comply with nameplate rating and

NEMA MG 1 tolerances.

B. Perform the following field tests and inspections and prepare test reports: 1. Perform electrical tests and visual and mechanical inspections stated in NETA ATS.

Certify compliance with test parameters. 2. Correct malfunctioning units on-site, where possible, and retest to demonstrate

compliance; otherwise, replace with new units and retest.

3.2 FIELD-INSTALLED MOTOR DEMONSTRATION

A. Train government maintenance personnel to adjust, operate, and maintain field-installed motors.

3.3 CLEANING

A. After completing equipment installation, inspect unit components. Remove paint splatters and other spots, dirt, and debris. Repair damaged finish to match original finish.



HANGERS AND SUPPORTS SECTION 15060 - 1

SECTION 15060 - HANGERS AND SUPPORTS

PART 1 - GENERAL

1.1 SUMMARY

A. This Section includes hangers and supports for mechanical system piping and equipment.


1. Division 5 Section "Metal Fabrications" for materials for attaching hangers and supports to building structure.

2. Division 15 Section "Mechanical Vibration Controls and Seismic Restraints" for vibration isolation and seismic restraint devices.

1.2 DEFINITIONS

A. MSS: Manufacturers Standardization Society for the Valve and Fittings Industry.

B. Terminology: As defined in MSS SP-90, "Guidelines on Terminology for Pipe Hangers and Supports."

1.3 PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS

A. Design channel support systems for piping to support multiple pipes capable of supporting combined weight of supported systems, system contents, and test water.

B. Design heavy-duty steel trapezes for piping to support multiple pipes capable of supporting combined weight of supported systems, system contents, and test water.

C. Design seismic restraint hangers and supports for piping and equipment in accordance with the IBC.

1.4 SUBMITTALS

A. Product Data: For the following:

1. Steel pipe hangers and supports. 2. Fiberglass pipe hangers. 3. Thermal-hanger shield inserts. 4. Powder-actuated fastener systems. 5. Pipe positioning systems.

B. Shop Drawings: Signed and sealed by a qualified professional engineer. Show fabrication and installation details and include calculations for the following:



1. Trapeze pipe hangers. Include Product Data for components. 2. Metal framing systems. Include Product Data for components. 3. Fiberglass strut systems. Include Product Data for components. 4. Pipe stands. Include Product Data for components. 5. Equipment supports.

C. Welding certificates.


A. Welding: Qualify processes and operators according to ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code: Section IX, "Welding and Brazing Qualifications."

B. Engineering Responsibility: Design and preparation of Shop Drawings and calculations for each multiple pipe support, trapeze, and seismic restraint by a qualified professional engineer.

1. Professional Engineer Qualifications: A professional engineer who is experienced in providing engineering services of the kind indicated. Engineering services are defined as those performed for installations of hangers and supports that are similar to those indicated for this Project in material, design, and extent.

1.6 SUBMITTALS

A. Product Data: For each type of pipe hanger, channel support system component, and thermal-hanger shield insert indicated.

B. Shop Drawings: Signed and sealed by a qualified professional engineer for multiple piping supports and trapeze hangers. Include design calculations and indicate size and characteristics of components and fabrication details.

PART 2 - PRODUCTS

2.1 STEEL PIPE HANGERS AND SUPPORTS

A. Description: MSS SP-58, Types 1 through 58, factory-fabricated components. Refer to Part 3 "Hanger and Support Applications" Article for where to use specific hanger and support types.

B. Galvanized, Metallic Coatings: Pregalvanized or hot dipped; for equipment that will not have field-applied finish.

C. Nonmetallic Coatings: Plastic coating, jacket, or liner; on attachments for electrolytic protection where attachments are in direct contact with copper tubing.



2.2 METAL FRAMING SYSTEMS

A. Description: MFMA-3, shop- or field-fabricated pipe-support assembly made of steel channels and other components.

B. Coatings: Manufacturer's standard finish, unless bare metal surfaces are indicated.

C. Nonmetallic Coatings: Plastic coating, jacket, or liner on attachments for electrolytic protection where attachments are in direct contact with copper tubing.

2.3 THERMAL-HANGER SHIELD INSERTS

A. Description: 690-kPa- minimum, compressive-strength insulation insert encased in sheet metal shield.

B. Insulation-Insert Material for Cold Piping: Water-repellent treated, ASTM C 533, Type I calcium silicate or ASTM C 552, Type II cellular glass with vapor barrier with vapor barrier.

C. Insulation-Insert Material for Hot Piping: Water-repellent treated, ASTM C 533, Type I calcium silicate or ASTM C 552, Type II cellular glass.

D. For Trapeze or Clamped Systems: Insert and shield shall cover entire circumference of pipe.

E. For Clevis or Band Hangers: Insert and shield shall cover lower 180 degrees of pipe.

F. Insert Length: Extend 2 inches (50 mm) beyond sheet metal shield for piping operating below ambient air temperature.

2.4 FASTENER SYSTEMS

A. Powder-Actuated Fasteners: Threaded-steel stud, for use in hardened portland cement concrete with pull-out, tension, and shear capacities appropriate for supported loads and building materials where used.

B. Mechanical-Expansion Anchors: Insert-wedge-type stainless steel, for use in hardened portland cement concrete with pull-out, tension, and shear capacities appropriate for supported loads and building materials where used.

2.5 MISCELLANEOUS MATERIALS

A. Structural Steel: ASTM A 36/A 36M, steel plates, shapes, and bars, black and galvanized.

B. Grout: ASTM C 1107, Grade B, factory-mixed and -packaged, nonshrink and nonmetallic, dry, hydraulic-cement grout.

1. Characteristics: Post hardening and volume adjusting; recommended for both interior and exterior applications.



2. Properties: Nonstaining, noncorrosive, and nongaseous. 3. Design Mix: 30 MPa, 28-day compressive strength.

PART 3 - EXECUTION

3.1 HANGER AND SUPPORT APPLICATIONS

A. Specific hanger requirements are specified in Sections specifying equipment and systems.

B. Comply with MSS SP-69 for pipe hanger selections and applications that are not specified in piping system Specification Sections.

C. Horizontal-Piping Hangers and Supports: Unless otherwise indicated and except as specified in piping system Specification Sections, install the following types:

1. Adjustable Steel Clevis Hangers (MSS Type 1): For suspension of noninsulated or insulated stationary pipes, DN15 to DN750.

2. Yoke-Type Pipe Clamps (MSS Type 2): For suspension of 49 to 232 deg C pipes, DN100 to DN400, requiring up to 100 mm of insulation.

3. Carbon- or Alloy-Steel, Double-Bolt Pipe Clamps (MSS Type 3): For suspension of pipes, DN20 to DN600, requiring clamp flexibility and up to 100 mm of insulation.

4. Steel Pipe Clamps (MSS Type 4): For suspension of cold and hot pipes, DN15 to DN600, if little or no insulation is required.

5. Pipe Hangers (MSS Type 5): For suspension of pipes, DN15 to DN100, to allow off-center closure for hanger installation before pipe erection.

6. Adjustable Swivel Split- or Solid-Ring Hangers (MSS Type 6): For suspension of noninsulated stationary pipes, DN20 to DN200.

7. Adjustable Steel Band Hangers (MSS Type 7): For suspension of noninsulated stationary pipes, DN15 to DN200.

8. Adjustable Band Hangers (MSS Type 9): For suspension of noninsulated stationary pipes, DN15 to DN200.

9. Adjustable Swivel-Ring Band Hangers (MSS Type 10): For suspension of noninsulated stationary pipes, DN15 to DN50.

10. Split Pipe-Ring with or without Turnbuckle-Adjustment Hangers (MSS Type 11): For suspension of noninsulated stationary pipes, DN10 to DN200.

11. Extension Hinged or Two-Bolt Split Pipe Clamps (MSS Type 12): For suspension of noninsulated stationary pipes, DN10 to DN80.

12. U-Bolts (MSS Type 24): For support of heavy pipe, DN15 to DN750. 13. Clips (MSS Type 26): For support of insulated pipes not subject to expansion or

contraction. 14. Pipe Saddle Supports (MSS Type 36): For support of pipes, DN100 to DN900, with steel

pipe base stanchion support and cast-iron floor flange. 15. Pipe Stanchion Saddles (MSS Type 37): For support of pipes, DN100 to DN900, with

steel pipe base stanchion support and cast-iron floor flange and with U-bolt to retain pipe. 16. Adjustable Pipe Saddle Supports (MSS Type 38): For stanchion-type support for pipes,

DN65 to DN900, if vertical adjustment is required, with steel pipe base stanchion support and cast-iron floor flange.



17. Single Pipe Rolls (MSS Type 41): For suspension of pipes, DN25 to DN750, from two rods if longitudinal movement caused by expansion and contraction might occur.

18. Adjustable Roller Hangers (MSS Type 43): For suspension of pipes, DN65 to DN500, from single rod if horizontal movement caused by expansion and contraction might occur.

19. Complete Pipe Rolls (MSS Type 44): For support of pipes, DN50 to DN1050, if longitudinal movement caused by expansion and contraction might occur but vertical adjustment is not necessary.

20. Pipe Roll and Plate Units (MSS Type 45): For support of pipes, DN50 to DN600, if small horizontal movement caused by expansion and contraction might occur and vertical adjustment is not necessary.

21. Adjustable Pipe Roll and Base Units (MSS Type 46): For support of pipes, DN50 to DN750, if vertical and lateral adjustment during installation might be required in addition to expansion and contraction.

D. Vertical-Piping Clamps: Unless otherwise indicated and except as specified in piping system Specification Sections, install the following types:

1. Extension Pipe or Riser Clamps (MSS Type 8): For support of pipe risers, DN20 to DN500.

2. Carbon- or Alloy-Steel Riser Clamps (MSS Type 42): For support of pipe risers, DN20 to DN500, if longer ends are required for riser clamps.

E. Hanger-Rod Attachments: Unless otherwise indicated and except as specified in piping system Specification Sections, install the following types:

1. Steel Turnbuckles (MSS Type 13): For adjustment up to 150 mm for heavy loads. 2. Steel Clevises (MSS Type 14): For 49 to 232 deg C piping installations. 3. Swivel Turnbuckles (MSS Type 15): For use with MSS Type 11, split pipe rings. 4. Malleable-Iron Sockets (MSS Type 16): For attaching hanger rods to various types of

building attachments. 5. Steel Weldless Eye Nuts (MSS Type 17): For 49 to 232 deg C piping installations.

F. Building Attachments: Unless otherwise indicated and except as specified in piping system Specification Sections, install the following types:

1. Steel or Malleable Concrete Inserts (MSS Type 18): For upper attachment to suspend pipe hangers from concrete ceiling.

2. Welded-Steel Brackets: For support of pipes from below or for suspending from above by using clip and rod. Use one of the following for indicated loads:

a. Light (MSS Type 31): 340 kg. b. Medium (MSS Type 32): 675 kg. c. Heavy (MSS Type 33): 1350 kg.

G. Saddles and Shields: Unless otherwise indicated and except as specified in piping system Specification Sections, install the following types:

1. Steel Pipe-Covering Protection Saddles (MSS Type 39): To fill interior voids with insulation that matches adjoining insulation.



2. Protection Shields (MSS Type 40): Of length recommended by manufacturer to prevent crushing insulation.

3. Thermal-Hanger Shield Inserts: For supporting insulated pipe, 360-degree insert of high-density, 690-kPa minimum compressive-strength, water-repellent-treated calcium silicate or cellular-glass pipe insulation, same thickness as adjoining insulation with vapor barrier and encased in 360-degree sheet metal shield.

H. Spring Hangers and Supports: Unless otherwise indicated and except as specified in piping system Specification Sections, install the following types:

1. Restraint-Control Devices (MSS Type 47): Where indicated to control piping movement. 2. Spring Cushions (MSS Type 48): For light loads if vertical movement does not exceed

32 mm. 3. Spring-Cushion Roll Hangers (MSS Type 49): For equipping Type 41 roll hanger with

springs. 4. Spring Sway Braces (MSS Type 50): To retard sway, shock, vibration, or thermal

expansion in piping systems. 5. Variable-Spring Hangers (MSS Type 51): Preset to indicated load and limit variability

factor to 25 percent to absorb expansion and contraction of piping system from hanger. 6. Variable-Spring Base Supports (MSS Type 52): Preset to indicated load and limit

variability factor to 25 percent to absorb expansion and contraction of piping system from base support.

7. Variable-Spring Trapeze Hangers (MSS Type 53): Preset to indicated load and limit variability factor to 25 percent to absorb expansion and contraction of piping system from trapeze support.

8. Constant Supports: For critical piping stress and if necessary to avoid transfer of stress from one support to another support, critical terminal, or connected equipment. Include auxiliary stops for erection, hydrostatic test, and load-adjustment capability. These supports include the following types:

a. Horizontal (MSS Type 54): Mounted horizontally. b. Vertical (MSS Type 55): Mounted vertically. c. Trapeze (MSS Type 56): Two vertical-type supports and one trapeze member.

3.2 HANGER AND SUPPORT INSTALLATION

A. Pipe Hanger and Support Installation: Comply with MSS SP-69 and MSS SP-89. Install hangers, supports, clamps, and attachments as required to properly support piping from building structure.

B. Channel Support System Installation: Arrange for grouping of parallel runs of piping and support together on field-assembled channel systems.

1. Field assemble and install according to manufacturer's written instructions.

C. Heavy-Duty Steel Trapeze Installation: Arrange for grouping of parallel runs of horizontal piping and support together on field-fabricated, heavy-duty trapezes.



1. Pipes of Various Sizes: Support together and space trapezes for smallest pipe size or install intermediate supports for smaller diameter pipes as specified above for individual pipe hangers.

2. Field fabricate from ASTM A 36/A 36M, steel shapes selected for loads being supported. Weld steel according to AWS D-1.1.

D. Install building attachments within concrete slabs. Space attachments within maximum piping span length indicated in MSS SP-69. Install additional attachments at concentrated loads, including valves, flanges, guides, strainers, and expansion joints, and at changes in direction of piping. Install concrete inserts before concrete is placed; fasten inserts to forms and install reinforcing bars through openings at top of inserts.

E. Install powder-actuated drive-pin fasteners in concrete after concrete is placed and completely cured. Use operators that are licensed by powder-actuated tool manufacturer. Install fasteners according to powder-actuated tool manufacturer's operating manual.

F. Install mechanical-anchor fasteners in concrete after concrete is placed and completely cured. Install fasteners according to manufacturer's written instructions.

G. Install hangers and supports complete with necessary inserts, bolts, rods, nuts, washers, and other accessories.

H. Install hangers and supports to allow controlled thermal and seismic movement of piping systems, to permit freedom of movement between pipe anchors, and to facilitate action of expansion joints, expansion loops, expansion bends, and similar units.

I. Load Distribution: Install hangers and supports so that piping live and dead loads and stresses from movement will not be transmitted to connected equipment.

J. Pipe Slopes: Install hangers and supports to provide indicated pipe slopes and so maximum pipe deflections allowed by ASME B31.9, "Building Services Piping," is not exceeded.

K. Insulated Piping: Comply with the following:

1. Attach clamps and spacers to piping.

a. Piping Operating above Ambient Air Temperature: Clamp may project through insulation.

b. Piping Operating below Ambient Air Temperature: Use thermal-hanger shield insert with clamp sized to match OD of insert.

c. Do not exceed pipe stress limits according to ASME B31.9.

2. Install MSS SP-58, Type 39 protection saddles, if insulation without vapor barrier is indicated. Fill interior voids with insulation that matches adjoining insulation.

a. Option: Thermal-hanger shield inserts may be used. Include steel weight-distribution plate for pipe DN100 and larger if pipe is installed on rollers.

3. Install MSS SP-58, Type 40 protective shields on cold piping with vapor barrier. Shields shall span arc of 180 degrees.



a. Option: Thermal-hanger shield inserts may be used. Include steel weight-distribution plate for pipe DN100 and larger if pipe is installed on rollers.

4. Shield Dimensions for Pipe: Not less than the following:

a. DN8 to DN90: 300 mm long and 1.22 mm thick.

b. DN100: 300 mm long and 1.52 mm thick.

c. DN125 and DN150: 450 mm long and 1.52 mm thick.

d. DN200 to DN350: 600 mm long and 1.91 mm thick.

e. DN400 to DN600: 600 mm long and 2.67 mm thick.

5. Pipes DN200 and Larger: Include wood inserts. 6. Insert Material: Length at least as long as protective shield. 7. Thermal-Hanger Shields: Install with insulation same thickness as piping insulation.

3.3 EQUIPMENT SUPPORTS

A. Fabricate structural-steel stands to suspend equipment from structure above or to support equipment above floor.

B. Grouting: Place grout under supports for equipment and make smooth bearing surface.

3.4 METAL FABRICATION

A. Cut, drill, and fit miscellaneous metal fabrications for heavy-duty steel trapezes and equipment supports.

B. Fit exposed connections together to form hairline joints. Field-weld connections that cannot be shop-welded because of shipping size limitations.

C. Field Welding: Comply with AWS D1.1 procedures for shielded metal arc welding, appearance and quality of welds, and methods used in correcting welding work, and with the following:

1. Use materials and methods that minimize distortion and develop strength and corrosion resistance of base metals.

2. Obtain fusion without undercut or overlap. 3. Remove welding flux immediately. 4. Finish welds at exposed connections so no roughness shows after finishing and contours

of welded surfaces match adjacent contours.



3.5 ADJUSTING

A. Hanger Adjustment: Adjust hangers to distribute loads equally on attachments and to achieve indicated slope of pipe.

3.6 PAINTING

A. Touching Up: Clean field welds and abraded areas of shop paint. Paint exposed areas immediately after erecting hangers and supports. Use same materials as used for shop painting. Comply with SSPC-PA 1 requirements for touching up field-painted surfaces.

1. Apply paint by brush or spray to provide a minimum dry film thickness of 2.0 mils (0.05 mm).

B. Galvanized Surfaces: Clean welds, bolted connections, and abraded areas and apply galvanizing-repair paint to comply with ASTM A 780.



MECHANICAL VIBRATION AND SEISMIC CONTROLS SECTION 15071 - 1

SECTION 15071 - MECHANICAL VIBRATION AND SEISMIC CONTROLS

PART 1 - GENERAL

1.1 SUMMARY


1. Elastomeric isolation pads and mounts. 2. Restrained elastomeric isolation mounts. 3. Freestanding and restrained spring isolators. 4. Housed spring mounts. 5. Elastomeric hangers. 6. Spring hangers. 7. Spring hangers with vertical-limit stops. 8. Thrust limits. 9. Pipe riser resilient supports. 10. Resilient pipe guides. 11. Freestanding and restrained air spring isolators. 12. Seismic snubbers. 13. Restraining cables. 14. Steel and inertia, vibration isolation equipment bases.


A. Seismic-restraint devices shall have horizontal and vertical load testing and analysis performed. Calculations (including combining shear and tensile loads) to support seismic-restraint designs must be signed and sealed by a qualified professional engineer.

B. Welding: Qualify procedures and personnel according to AWS D1.1, "Structural Welding Code--Steel."

1.3 SUBMITTALS

A. Product Data: Indicate types, styles, materials, and finishes for each type of isolator specified. Include load deflection curves.

B. Shop Drawings: Show designs and calculations, certified by a professional engineer, for the following:

1. Design Calculations: Calculations for selection of vibration isolators, design of vibration isolation bases, and selection of seismic restraints.

2. Vibration Isolation Base Details: Detail fabrication, including anchorages and attachments to the structure and to the supported equipment. Include auxiliary motor slides and rails, and base weights.



3. Seismic Restraint Devices: Detail fabrication and attachment of restraints and snubbers. Submit floor plans showing location of seismic restraint devices in the ductwork and piping.

C. Earthquake-Resistant Design Analysis: When mounting equipment in a building in a seismic zone 2 or higher, an analysis shall be performed on all vibration isolation mounts and supports with regard to their ability to resist earthquakes and this analysis shall be included in maintenance manuals specified in Division 1.

1.4 COORDINATION

A. Coordinate size and location of concrete bases. Cast anchor-bolt inserts into base. Concrete, reinforcement, and formwork requirements are specified in Division 3.

B. Coordinate installation of roof curbs, equipment supports, and roof penetrations. These items are specified in Division 7 Section "Roof Accessories."

1.5 EXTRA MATERIALS

A. Furnish extra materials described below that match products installed and that are packaged with protective covering for storage and identified with labels describing contents.

1. Seismic Snubber Units: Furnish replacement neoprene inserts for all snubbers.

PART 2 - PRODUCTS

2.1 VIBRATION ISOLATORS

A. Elastomeric Isolator Pads: Oil- and water-resistant elastomer or natural rubber, arranged in single or multiple layers, molded with a nonslip pattern and galvanized steel baseplates of sufficient stiffness for uniform loading over pad area, and factory cut to sizes that match requirements of supported equipment.

1. Material: Standard neoprene. 2. Durometer Rating: 50. 3. Number of Layers: As indicated on Drawings.

B. Elastomeric Mounts: Double-deflection type, with molded, oil-resistant rubber or neoprene isolator elements with factory-drilled, encapsulated top plate for bolting to equipment and with baseplate for bolting to structure. Color-code or otherwise identify to indicate capacity range.

1. Durometer Rating: 50.

C. Spring Isolators: Freestanding, laterally stable, open-spring isolators.



1. Outside Spring Diameter: Not less than 80 percent of the compressed height of the spring at rated load.

2. Minimum Additional Travel: 50 percent of the required deflection at rated load. 3. Lateral Stiffness: More than 80 percent of the rated vertical stiffness. 4. Overload Capacity: Support 200 percent of rated load, fully compressed, without

deformation or failure. 5. Baseplates: Factory drilled for bolting to structure and bonded to 6-mm- thick, rubber

isolator pad attached to baseplate underside. Baseplates shall limit floor load to 690 kPa. 6. Top Plate and Adjustment Bolt: Threaded top plate with adjustment bolt and cap screw

to fasten and level equipment.

D. Restrained Spring Isolators: Freestanding, steel, open-spring isolators with seismic restraint.

1. Housing: Steel with resilient vertical-limit stops to prevent spring extension due to wind loads or if weight is removed; factory-drilled baseplate bonded to 6-mm-thick, elastomeric isolator pad attached to baseplate underside; and adjustable equipment mounting and leveling bolt that acts as blocking during installation.



deformation or failure.

E. Housed Spring Mounts: Housed spring isolator with integral seismic snubbers.

1. Housing: Ductile-iron or steel housing to provide all-directional seismic restraint. 2. Base: Factory drilled for bolting to structure. 3. Snubbers: Vertically adjustable to allow a maximum of 6-mm travel before contacting a

resilient collar.

F. Elastomeric Hangers: Double-deflection type, with molded, oil-resistant rubber or neoprene isolator elements bonded to steel housings with threaded connections for hanger rods. Color-code or otherwise identify to indicate capacity range.

G. Spring Hangers: Combination coil-spring and elastomeric-insert hanger with spring and insert in compression.

1. Frame: Steel, fabricated for connection to threaded hanger rods and to allow for a maximum of 30 degrees of angular hanger-rod misalignment without binding or reducing isolation efficiency.



deformation or failure. 6. Elastomeric Element: Molded, oil-resistant rubber or neoprene. Steel-washer-reinforced

cup to support spring and bushing projecting through bottom of frame.



H. Spring Hangers with Vertical-Limit Stop: Combination coil-spring and elastomeric-insert hanger with spring and insert in compression and with a vertical-limit stop.

1. Frame: Steel, fabricated for connection to threaded hanger rods and to allow for a maximum of 30 degrees of angular hanger-rod misalignment without binding or reducing isolation efficiency.



deformation or failure. 6. Elastomeric Element: Molded, oil-resistant rubber or neoprene. 7. Adjustable Vertical Stop: Steel washer with neoprene washer "up-stop" on lower

threaded rod.

I. Thrust Limits: Combination coil spring and elastomeric insert with spring and insert in compression and with a load stop. Include rod and angle-iron brackets for attaching to equipment.

1. Frame: Steel, fabricated for connection to threaded rods and to allow for a maximum of 30 degrees of angular rod misalignment without binding or reducing isolation efficiency.



deformation or failure. 6. Elastomeric Element: Molded, oil-resistant rubber or neoprene. 7. Coil Spring: Factory set and field adjustable for a maximum of 6-mm movement at start

and stop.

J. Pipe Riser Resilient Support: All-directional, acoustical pipe anchor consisting of two steel tubes separated by a minimum of 13-mm-thick, 60-durometer neoprene. Include steel and neoprene vertical-limit stops arranged to prevent vertical travel in both directions. Design support for a maximum load on the isolation material of 3.45 MPa and for equal resistance in all directions.

K. Resilient Pipe Guides: Telescopic arrangement of two steel tubes separated by a minimum of 13-mm- thick, 60-durometer neoprene. Factory set guide height with a shear pin to allow vertical motion due to pipe expansion and contraction. Shear pin shall be removable and reinsertable to allow for selection of pipe movement. Guides shall be capable of motion to meet location requirements.

2.2 SEISMIC-RESTRAINT DEVICES

A. Resilient Isolation Washers and Bushings: one-piece, molded, bridge-bearing neoprene complying with AASHTO M 251 and having a durometer of 50, plus or minus 5, with a flat washer face.



B. Seismic Snubbers: Factory fabricated using welded structural-steel shapes and plates, anchor bolts, and replaceable resilient isolation washers and bushings.

1. Anchor bolts for attaching to concrete shall be seismic-rated, drill-in, and stud-wedge or female-wedge type.

2. Resilient Isolation Washers and Bushings: one-piece, molded, bridge-bearing neoprene complying with AASHTO M 251 and having a durometer of 50, plus or minus 5.

C. Restraining Cables: Galvanized steel aircraft cables with end connections made of steel assemblies that swivel to final installation angle and utilize two clamping bolts for cable engagement.

D. Anchor Bolts: Seismic-rated, drill-in, and stud-wedge or female-wedge type. Select anchor bolts with strength required for anchor and as tested according to ASTM E 488/E 488M.

2.3 VIBRATION ISOLATION EQUIPMENT BASES

A. Steel Base: Factory-fabricated, welded, structural-steel bases and rails.

1. Design Requirements: Lowest possible mounting height with not less than 25-mm clearance above the floor. Include equipment anchor bolts and auxiliary motor slide bases or rails. Include supports for suction and discharge elbows for pumps.

2. Structural Steel: Steel shapes, plates, and bars complying with ASTM A 36/A 36M. Bases shall have shape to accommodate supported equipment.

3. Support Brackets: Factory-welded steel angles on frame for outrigger isolation mountings and to provide for anchor bolts and equipment support.

B. Inertia Base: Factory-fabricated, welded, structural-steel bases and rails ready for field-applied, cast-in-place concrete.

1. Design Requirements: Lowest possible mounting height with not less than 25-mm clearance above the floor. Include equipment anchor bolts and auxiliary motor slide bases or rails. Include supports for suction and discharge elbows for pumps.

2. Structural Steel: Steel shapes, plates, and bars complying with ASTM A 36/A 36M. Bases shall have shape to accommodate supported equipment.

3. Support Brackets: Factory-welded steel angles on frame for outrigger isolation mountings and to provide for anchor bolts and equipment support.

4. Fabrication: Fabricate steel templates to hold equipment anchor-bolt sleeves and anchors in place during placement of concrete. Obtain anchor-bolt templates from supported equipment manufacturer.

2.4 FACTORY FINISHES

A. Manufacturer's standard prime-coat finish ready for field painting.

B. Finish: Manufacturer's standard paint applied to factory-assembled and -tested equipment before shipping.



1. Powder coating on springs and housings. 2. All hardware shall be electrogalvanized. Hot-dip galvanize metal components for

exterior use. 3. Baked enamel for metal components on isolators for interior use. 4. Color-code or otherwise mark vibration isolation and seismic-control devices to indicate

capacity range.

PART 3 - EXECUTION

3.1 EXAMINATION

A. Examine areas and equipment to receive vibration isolation and seismic-control devices for compliance with requirements, installation tolerances, and other conditions affecting performance.

B. Examine roughing-in of reinforcement and cast-in-place anchors to verify actual locations before installation.

C. Proceed with installation only after unsatisfactory conditions have been corrected.

3.2 INSTALLATION

A. Install thrust limits at centerline of thrust, symmetrical on either side of equipment.

B. Install seismic snubbers on isolated equipment. Locate snubbers as close as possible to vibration isolators and bolt to equipment base and supporting structure.

C. Install restraining cables at each trapeze and individual pipe hanger. At trapeze anchor locations, shackle piping to trapeze. Install cables so they do not bend across sharp edges of adjacent equipment or building structure.

D. Install steel angles or channel, sized to prevent buckling, clamped with ductile-iron clamps to hanger rods for trapeze and individual pipe hangers. At trapeze anchor locations, shackle piping to trapeze. Requirements apply equally to hanging equipment. Do not weld angles to rods.

E. Install resilient bolt isolation washers on equipment anchor bolts.

3.3 EQUIPMENT BASES

A. Fill concrete inertia bases, after installing base frame, with 20.7-MPa concrete; trowel to a smooth finish.

1. Cast-in-place concrete materials and placement requirements are specified in Division 3.

B. Concrete Bases: Anchor equipment to concrete base according to supported equipment manufacturer's written instructions for seismic codes at Project site.



1. Install dowel rods to connect concrete base to concrete floor. Unless otherwise indicated, install dowel rods on 450-mm centers around the full perimeter of the base.

2. Install epoxy-coated anchor bolts for supported equipment that extend through concrete base and anchor into structural concrete floor.

3. Place and secure anchorage devices. Use Setting Drawings, templates, diagrams, instructions, and directions furnished with items to be embedded.

4. Install anchor bolts to elevations required for proper attachment to supported equipment. 5. Install anchor bolts according to anchor-bolt manufacturer's written instructions. 6. Cast-in-place concrete materials and placement requirements are specified in Division 3.

3.4 FIELD QUALITY CONTROL

A. Testing: Perform the following field quality-control testing:

1. Isolator seismic-restraint clearance. 2. Isolator deflection. 3. Snubber minimum clearances.

3.5 ADJUSTING

A. Adjust isolators after piping systems have been filled and equipment is at operating weight.

B. Adjust limit stops on restrained spring isolators to mount equipment at normal operating height. After equipment installation is complete, adjust limit stops so they are out of contact during normal operation.

C. Attach thrust limits at centerline of thrust and adjust to a maximum of 6-mm (1/4-inch) movement during start and stop.

D. Adjust active height of spring isolators.

E. Adjust snubbers according to manufacturer's written recommendations.

F. Adjust seismic restraints to permit free movement of equipment within normal mode of operation.

G. Torque anchor bolts according to equipment manufacturer's written recommendations to resist seismic forces.

3.6 CLEANING

A. After completing equipment installation, inspect vibration isolation and seismic-control devices. Remove paint splatters and other spots, dirt, and debris.



MECHANICAL IDENTIFICATION SECTION 15075 - 1

SECTION 15075 - MECHANICAL IDENTIFICATION

PART 1 - GENERAL

1.1 SUMMARY

A. This Section includes the following mechanical identification materials and their installation:

1. Equipment signs. 2. Access panel and door markers. 3. Pipe markers. 4. Duct markers. 5. Valve tags. 6. Valve schedules. 7. Warning tags.

1.2 SUBMITTALS

A. Product Data: For each type of product indicated.

B. Samples: For color, letter style, and graphic representation required for each identification material and device.

C. Valve numbering scheme.

D. Valve Schedules: For each piping system. Furnish extra copies (in addition to mounted copies) to include in maintenance manuals.


A. ASME Compliance: Comply with ASME A13.1, "Scheme for the Identification of Piping Systems," for letter size, length of color field, colors, and viewing angles of identification devices for piping.

B. For interior and exterior applications use exterior grade identification systems, tags, labeling and adhesives only.

C. Insulation work identification systems, tags and labeling will be inspected by the COR during installation and at commissioning for compliance with drawing and specifications. Deficiencies shall be corrected before acceptance by the government.

1.4 COORDINATION



A. Coordinate installation of identifying devices with completion of covering and painting of surfaces where devices are to be applied.

B. Coordinate installation of identifying devices with location of access panels and doors.

C. Install identifying devices before installing acoustical ceilings and similar concealment.

PART 2 - PRODUCTS

2.1 EQUIPMENT IDENTIFICATION DEVICES

A. Equipment Signs: ASTM D 709, Type I, phenolic-resin-laminate engraving stock; Grade ES-2, black surface, black phenolic core, with white melamine subcore, unless otherwise indicated. Fabricate in sizes required for message. Provide holes for mechanical fastening.

1. Data: Instructions for operation of equipment and for safety procedures. 2. Engraving: Manufacturer's standard letter style, of sizes and with terms to match

equipment identification. 3. Thickness: 1.6 mm for units up to 130 sq. cm or 200 mm in length, and 3.2 mm for

larger units. 4. Fasteners: Self-tapping, stainless-steel or brass screws or permanent adhesive.

B. Access Panel and Door Markers: 1.6-mm- thick, engraved laminated plastic, with abbreviated terms and numbers corresponding to identification. Provide 3.2-mm center hole for attachment.

1. Fasteners: Self-tapping, stainless-steel or brass screws, or permanent adhesive.

2.2 PIPING IDENTIFICATION DEVICES

A. Manufactured Pipe Markers, General: Preprinted, exterior grade color-coded, with lettering indicating service, and showing direction of flow.

1. Colors: Comply with ASME A13.1, unless otherwise indicated. 2. Lettering: Use piping system terms indicated and abbreviate only as necessary for each

application length. 3. Pipes with OD, Including Insulation, Less Than 150 mm: Full-band pipe markers

extending 360 degrees around pipe at each location. 4. Pipes with OD, Including Insulation, 150 mm and Larger: Either full-band or strip-type

pipe markers at least three times letter height and of length required for label. 5. Arrows: Integral with piping system service lettering to accommodate both directions; or

as separate unit on each pipe marker to indicate direction of flow.

B. Pretensioned Pipe Markers: Precoiled semirigid plastic formed to cover full circumference of pipe and to attach to pipe without adhesive.



C. Shaped Pipe Markers: Preformed semirigid plastic formed to partially cover circumference of pipe and to attach to pipe with mechanical fasteners that do not penetrate insulation vapor barrier.

D. Self-Adhesive Pipe Markers: Plastic with pressure-sensitive, permanent-type, self-adhesive back.

E. Plastic Tape: Continuously printed, vinyl tape at least 0.08 mm thick with pressure-sensitive, permanent-type, self-adhesive back.

1. Width for Markers on Pipes with OD, Including Insulation, Less Than 150 mm: 19 mm minimum.

2. Width for Markers on Pipes with OD, Including Insulation, 150 mm or Larger: 38 mm minimum.

2.3 DUCT IDENTIFICATION DEVICES

A. Duct Markers: Engraved, color-coded laminated plastic. Include direction and quantity of airflow and identify duct service (such as supply, return, and exhaust). Identify source fan and room number of its location:

B. Use permanent adhesive.

2.4 VALVE TAGS

A. Valve Tags: Stamped or engraved with 6.4-mm letters for piping system abbreviation and 13-mm numbers, with numbering scheme . Provide 4-mm hole for fastener. 1. Material: 2.4-mm- thick laminated plastic with 2 black surfaces and white inner layer. 2. Valve-Tag Fasteners: Brass wire-link or beaded chain; or S-hook.

2.5 VALVE SCHEDULES

A. Valve Schedules: For each piping system, on standard-size plastic or phenolic. Tabulate valve number, piping system, system abbreviation (as shown on valve tag), location of valve (room or space), normal-operating position (open, closed, or modulating), and variations for identification. Mark valves for emergency shutoff and similar special uses.

1. Valve-Schedule Frames: Glazed display frame for removable mounting on masonry walls for each page of valve schedule. Include stainless steel or brass mounting screws.

2. Frame: Finished hardwood. 3. Glazing: ASTM C 1036, Type I, Class 1, Glazing Quality B, 2.5-mm, single-thickness

glass.

2.6 WARNING TAGS



A. Warning Tags: Preprinted or partially preprinted, accident-prevention tags of plastic laminated card stock with matte finish suitable for writing.

1. Size: Approximately 100 by 178 mm. 2. Fasteners: Brass grommet and stainless steel wire or brass chain. 3. Nomenclature: Large-size primary caption such as DANGER, CAUTION, or DO NOT

OPERATE. 4. Color: Yellow background with black lettering.

PART 3 - EXECUTION

3.1 APPLICATIONS, GENERAL

A. Products specified are for applications referenced in other Division 15 Sections. If more than single-type material, device, or label is specified for listed applications, selection is Installer's option.

3.2 EQUIPMENT IDENTIFICATION

A. Install equipment signs with screws or permanent adhesive on or near each major item of mechanical equipment. Locate signs where accessible and visible.

1. Identify mechanical equipment with equipment markers in the following color codes:

a. Green: For cooling equipment and components. b. Yellow: For heating equipment and components. c. Orange: For combination cooling and heating equipment and components.

2. Letter Size: Minimum 6.4 mm for name of units if viewing distance is less than 600 mm, 13 mm for viewing distances up to 1830 mm, and proportionately larger lettering for greater viewing distances. Include secondary lettering two-thirds to three-fourths the size of principal lettering.

3. Data: Distinguish among multiple units, indicate operational requirements, indicate safety and emergency precautions, warn of hazards and improper operations, and identify units.

4. Include signs for the following general categories of equipment:

a. Main control and operating valves, including safety devices and hazardous units. b. Fuel-burning units, including boilers. Also, identify electric service disconnect. c. Pumps, compressors, chillers, condensers, and similar motor-driven units. Also,

identify electric service disconnect. d. Heat exchangers, coils, cooling towers, and similar equipment. e. Fans, blowers, primary balancing dampers, and mixing boxes. Also, identify

electric service disconnect. f. Packaged HVAC central-station and zone-type units. Also, identify electric

service disconnect. g. Tanks and pressure vessels.



h. Strainers, filters, humidifiers, water-treatment systems, and similar equipment.

B. Install access panel markers with stainless steel or brass screws on equipment access panels.

3.3 PIPING IDENTIFICATION

A. Install manufactured pipe markers indicating service on each piping system. Install with flow indication arrows showing direction of flow.

1. Pipes with OD, Including Insulation, Less Than 150 mm: Pretensioned pipe markers. Use size to ensure a tight fit.

2. Pipes with OD, Including Insulation, 150 mm and Larger: Shaped pipe markers. Use size to match pipe and secure with fasteners.

B. Locate pipe markers and color bands where piping is exposed in finished spaces; machine rooms; accessible maintenance spaces such as shafts, tunnels, and plenums; and exterior nonconcealed locations as follows:

1. Near each valve and control device. 2. Near each branch connection, excluding short takeoffs for fixtures and terminal units.

Where flow pattern is not obvious, mark each pipe at branch. 3. Near penetrations through walls, floors, ceilings, on each side of each penetration, and

nonaccessible enclosures. 4. At access doors, manholes, and similar access points that permit view of concealed

piping. 5. Near major equipment items and other points of origination and termination. 6. Spaced at maximum intervals of 5 m along each run. Reduce intervals to 3 m in areas of

congested piping and equipment. 7. On piping above removable acoustical ceilings include intermediately spaced markers.

3.4 DUCT IDENTIFICATION

A. Install duct markers with permanent adhesive on air ducts in the following color codes. Identify source fan and room number of its location:

1. Green: For cold-air supply ducts. 2. Yellow: For hot-air supply ducts. 3. Blue: For exhaust-, outside-, relief-, return-, and mixed-air ducts. 4. ASME A13.1 Colors and Designs: For hazardous material exhaust. 5. Letter Size: Minimum 6.4 mm for name of units if viewing distance is less than 600 mm,

13 mm for viewing distances up to 1830 mm, and proportionately larger lettering for greater viewing distances. Include secondary lettering two-thirds to three-fourths the size of principal lettering.

B. Locate markers near points where ducts enter into concealed spaces and at maximum intervals of 5 m in each space where ducts are exposed or concealed by removable ceiling system. Locate marker on each side of each penetration.



3.5 VALVE-TAG INSTALLATION

A. Install tags on valves and control devices in piping systems, except check valves; valves within factory-fabricated equipment units; plumbing fixture supply stops; shutoff valves; faucets; convenience and lawn-watering hose connections; and HVAC terminal devices and similar roughing-in connections of end-use fixtures and units. List tagged valves in a valve schedule.

B. Valve-Tag Application Schedule: Tag valves according to size, shape, and color scheme and with captions similar to those indicated in the following:

1. Valve-Tag Size and Shape:

a. Cold Water: 38 mm round. b. Hot Water: 50 mm round. c. Fire Protection: 50 mm round.

2. Valve-Tag Color:

a. Cold Water: Blue. b. Hot Water: Red. c. Fire Protection: Green.

3. Letter Color:

a. Cold Water: White. b. Hot Water: White. c. Fire Protection: White.

3.6 VALVE-SCHEDULE INSTALLATION

A. Mount valve schedule on wall in accessible location in each major equipment room.

3.7 WARNING-TAG INSTALLATION

A. Write required message on, and attach warning tags to, equipment and other items where required.

3.8 ADJUSTING

A. Relocate mechanical identification materials and devices that have become visually blocked by other work.

3.9 CLEANING

A. Clean faces of mechanical identification devices and glass frames of valve schedules.



3.10 SUBMITTALS

A. Provide:

1. Product Data: For identification materials and devices. 2. Samples: Of color, lettering style, and graphic representation required for each

identification material and device. 3. Valve Schedules: For each piping system. Reproduce on standard-size clear laminated

bond paper. Tabulate valve number, piping system, system abbreviation as shown on tag, room or space location of valve, and variations for identification. Mark valves intended for emergency shutoff and similar special uses. In addition to mounted copies, furnish copies for maintenance manuals specified in Division 1.



REFRIGERANT PIPING SECTION 15183 - 1

SECTION 15183 - REFRIGERANT PIPING

PART 1 - GENERAL

1.1 SUMMARY

A. This Section includes refrigerant piping used for air-conditioning applications.


1. Division 7 Section "Roof Accessories" for roof curbs, piping supports, and roof penetration boots.

2. Division 7 Section "Through-Penetration Firestop Systems" for materials and methods for sealing pipe penetrations through fire and smoke barriers.

3. Division 7 Section "Joint Sealants" for materials and methods for sealing pipe penetrations through exterior walls.

4. Division 15 Section "Hangers and Supports" for pipe supports and installation requirements.

5. Division 15 Section "Mechanical Identification" for labeling and identifying refrigerant piping.

6. Division 15 Section "Meters and Gages" for thermometers and pressure gages.

1.2 SUBMITTALS

A. General: Submit each item in the Article according to the Conditions of the Contract and Division 1 Specification Sections.

B. Product Data for each valve type and refrigerant piping specialty specified.

C. Maintenance data for refrigerant valves and piping specialties to include in the operation and maintenance manual specified in Division 1 Sections and Division 15 Section “Basic Mechanical Requirements.”


A. Welding: Qualify procedures and personnel according to ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code: Section IX; "Welding and Brazing Qualifications."

B. ASHRAE Standard: Comply with ASHRAE 15, "Safety Code for Mechanical Refrigeration."

C. ASME Standard: Comply with ASME B31.5, "Refrigeration Piping."

D. UL Standard: Provide products complying with UL 207, "Refrigerant-Containing Components and Accessories, Nonelectrical"; or UL 429, "Electrically Operated Valves."



E. Listing and Labeling: Provide products specified in this Section that are UL listed and labeled.

1.4 COORDINATION

A. Coordinate layout and installation of refrigerant piping and suspension system components with other construction, including light fixtures, HVAC equipment, fire-suppression-system components, and partition assemblies.

B. Coordinate pipe sleeve installations for foundation wall penetrations.

C. Coordinate installation of roof curbs, equipment supports, and roof penetrations. These items are specified in Division 7 Section "Roof Accessories."

D. Coordinate pipe sleeve installations for penetrations in exterior walls and floor assemblies. Coordinate with requirements for firestopping specified in Division 7 Section "Through-Penetration Firestop Systems" for materials and methods for sealing pipe penetrations through fire and smoke barriers.

E. Coordinate pipe fitting pressure classes with products specified in related Sections.

1.5 EXTRA MATERIALS


1. Refrigeration Oil Test Kits: Two each, containing everything required to conduct one test.

2. Refrigerant: Two containers each, with 9 kg of refrigerant. 3. Filter-Dryer Cartridges: Three of each type.

PART 2 - PRODUCTS

2.1 COPPER TUBE AND FITTINGS

A. Drawn-Temper Copper Tube: ASTM B 280, Type ACR

B. Wrought-Copper Fittings: ASME B16.22.

C. Wrought-Copper Unions: ASME B16.22.

D. Brazing Filler Metals: AWS A5.8, Classification BAg-1 (silver)

E. Flexible Connectors: 3450-kPa (500-psig) minimum operating pressure; seamless tin-bronze core, high-tensile bronze-braid covering, and solder-joint end connections; dehydrated, pressure tested, minimum 180mm long



2.2 VALVES

A. Diaphragm Packless Valves: 3450-kPa working pressure and 135 deg C working temperature; globe design with straight-through or angle pattern; forged-brass or bronze body and bonnet, phosphor bronze and stainless-steel diaphragms, rising stem and handwheel, stainless-steel spring, nylon seat disc, and with solder-end connections.

B. Packed-Angle Valves: 3450-kPa working pressure and 135 deg C working temperature; forged-brass or bronze body, forged-brass seal caps with copper gasket, back seating, rising stem and seat, molded stem packing, and with solder-end connections.

C. Check Valves Smaller Than DN 25: 2760-kPa operating pressure and 141 deg C operating temperature; cast-brass body, with removable piston, polytetrafluoroethylene seat, and stainless-steel spring; globe design. Valve shall be straight-through pattern, with solder-end connections.

D. Service Valves: 3450-kPa pressure rating; forged-brass body with copper stubs, brass caps, removable valve core, integral ball check valve, and with solder-end connections.

E. Solenoid Valves: Comply with ARI 760; 121 deg C temperature rating and 2760-kPa working pressure; forged brass, with polytetrafluoroethylene valve seat, 2-way, straight-through pattern, and solder-end connections; manual operator; fitted with suitable NEMA 250 enclosure of type required by location, with 16-GRC conduit adapter and 24-V, normally open holding coil.

F. Pressure-Regulating Valves: Comply with ARI 770; direct acting, brass; with pilot operator, stainless-steel diaphragm, standard coil, and solder-end connection; suitable for refrigerant specified.

G. Pressure Relief Valves: Straight-through or angle pattern, brass body and disc, neoprene seat, and factory sealed and ASME labeled for standard pressure setting.

H. Thermostatic Expansion Valves: Comply with ARI 750; brass body with stainless-steel parts; thermostatic-adjustable, modulating type; size and operating characteristics as recommended by manufacturer of evaporator, and factory set for superheat requirements; solder-end connections; with sensing bulb, distributor having side connection for hot-gas bypass line, and external equalizer line.

I. Hot-Gas Bypass Valve: Pulsating-dampening design, stainless-steel bellows and polytetrafluoroethylene valve seat; adjustable; sized for capacity equal to last step of compressor unloading; with solder-end connections.

2.3 REFRIGERANT PIPING SPECIALITIES

A. Straight- or Angle-Type Strainers: 3450-kPa working pressure; forged-brass or steel body with stainless-steel wire or brass-reinforced Monel screen of 80 to 100 mesh in liquid lines up to 30 mm, 60 mesh in larger liquid lines, and 40 mesh in suction lines; with screwed cleanout plug and solder-end connections.



B. Moisture/Liquid Indicators: 3450-kPa maximum working pressure and 93 deg C operating temperature; all-brass body with replaceable, polished, optical viewing window with color-coded moisture indicator; with solder-end connections.

C. Replaceable-Core Filter-Dryers: 3450-kPa maximum working pressure; heavy gage protected with corrosion-resistant-painted steel shell, flanged ring and spring, ductile-iron cover plate with steel cap screws; wrought-copper fittings for solder-end connections; with replaceable-core kit, including gaskets and the following:

1. Filter-Dryer Cartridge: Pleated media with solid-core sieve with activated alumina, ARI 730 rated for capacity.

D. Mufflers: 3450-kPa operating pressure, welded-steel construction with fusible plug; sized for refrigeration capacity.

2.4 RECEIVERS

A. Receivers, 150-mm Diameter and Smaller: ARI 495, UL listed, steel, brazed, 2760-kPa pressure rating, with tappings for inlet, outlet, and pressure relief valve.

2.5 REFRIGERANTS

A. ASHRAE 34, R-134a: Tetrafluoroethane.

B. ASHRAE 34. R-407C.

C. ASHRAE 34, R-410A.

PART 3 - EXECUTION

3.1 PIPING APPLICATIONS

A. Aboveground, within Building: Type B drawn-copper tubing.

B. Belowground for DN 50 and Smaller: Type B annealed-copper tubing.

3.2 VALVE APPLICATIONS

A. Install diaphragm packless or packed-angle valves in suction and discharge lines of compressor, for gage taps at hot-gas bypass regulators, on each side of strainers.

B. Install check valves in compressor discharge lines and in condenser liquid lines on multiple condenser systems.

C. Install packed-angle valve in liquid line between receiver shutoff valve and thermostatic expansion valve for system charging.



D. Install diaphragm packless or packed-angle valves on each side of strainers and dryers, in liquid and suction lines at evaporators, and elsewhere as indicated.

E. Install a full-sized, three-valve bypass around each dryer.

F. Install solenoid valves upstream from each expansion valve and hot-gas bypass valve.

1. Install solenoid valves in horizontal lines with coil at top. 2. Electrical wiring for solenoid valves is specified in Division 16 Sections. Coordinate

electrical requirements and connections.

G. Install thermostatic expansion valves as close as possible to evaporator.

1. If refrigerant distributors are used, install them directly on expansion-valve outlet. 2. Install valve so diaphragm case is warmer than bulb. 3. Secure bulb to clean, straight, horizontal section of suction line using two bulb straps. Do

not mount bulb in a trap or at bottom of the line. 4. If external equalizer lines are required, make connection where it will reflect suction-line

pressure at bulb location.

H. Install pressure-regulating and pressure relief valves as required by ASHRAE 15. Pipe pressure relief valve discharge to outside.

3.3 SPECIALTY APPLICATIONS

A. Install liquid indicators in liquid line leaving condenser, in liquid line leaving receiver, and on leaving side of liquid solenoid valves.

B. Install strainers immediately upstream from each automatic valve, including expansion valves, solenoid valves, hot-gas bypass valves, and compressor suction valves.

C. Install strainers in main liquid line where multiple expansion valves with integral strainers are used.

D. Install strainers in suction line of steel pipe.

E. Install moisture-liquid indicators in liquid lines between filter-dryers and thermostatic expansion valves and in liquid line to receiver.

F. Install pressure relief valves on ASME receivers; pipe discharge to outdoors.

G. Install replaceable-core filter-dryers in vertical liquid line adjacent to receivers and before each solenoid valve.

H. Install solenoid valves in liquid line of systems operating with single pump-out or pump-down compressor control, in liquid line of single or multiple evaporator systems, and in oil bleeder lines from flooded evaporators to stop flow of oil and refrigerant into suction line when system shuts down.



I. Install receivers, sized to accommodate pump-down charge, on systems 17.5 kW and larger and on systems with long piping runs.

J. Install flexible connectors at or near compressors.

3.4 PIPING INSTALLATION

A. Install refrigerant piping according to ASHRAE 15.

B. Basic piping installation requirements are specified in Division 15 Section "Basic Mechanical Materials and Methods."

C. Install piping as short and direct as possible, with a minimum number of joints, elbows, and fittings. Redundant refrigerant loops shall be provided for portions of the building system where there is a 100 percent redundancy requirement.

D. Arrange piping to allow inspection and service of compressor and other equipment. Install valves and specialties in accessible locations to allow for service and inspection.

E. Install piping with adequate clearance between pipe and adjacent walls and hangers or between pipes for insulation installation. Use sleeves through floors, walls, or ceilings, sized to permit installation of full-thickness insulation.

F. Below ground, install copper tubing in protective conduit. Vent conduit outdoors.

G. Install copper tubing in rigid or flexible conduit in locations where copper tubing will be exposed to mechanical injury.

H. Slope refrigerant piping as follows:

1. Install horizontal hot-gas discharge piping with a uniform slope downward away from compressor.

2. Install horizontal suction lines with a uniform slope downward to compressor. 3. Install traps and double risers to entrain oil in vertical runs. 4. Liquid lines may be installed level.

I. Install bypass around moisture-liquid indicators in lines larger than DN 50.

J. Install unions to allow removal of solenoid valves, pressure-regulating valves, and expansion valves and at connections to compressors and evaporators.

K. When brazing, remove solenoid-valve coils and sight glasses; also remove valve stems, seats, and packing, and accessible internal parts of refrigerant specialties. Do not apply heat near expansion valve bulb.

L. Hanger, support, and anchor products are specified in Division 15 Section "Hangers and Supports."

M. Install the following pipe attachments:



1. Adjustable steel clevis hangers for individual horizontal runs less than 6.0 m long. 2. Roller hangers and spring hangers for individual horizontal runs 6.0 m or longer. 3. Pipe rollers for multiple horizontal runs 6.0 m or longer, supported by a trapeze. 4. Spring hangers to support vertical runs.

N. Install hangers for copper tubing with the following maximum spacing and minimum rod sizes:

1. DN 15: Maximum span, 1500 mm; minimum rod size, 6.4 mm. 2. DN 18: Maximum span, 1500 mm; minimum rod size, 6.4 mm. 3. DN 25: Maximum span, 1800 mm; minimum rod size, 6.4 mm. 4. DN 32: Maximum span, 2400 mm; minimum rod size, 9.5 mm. 5. DN 40: Maximum span, 2400 mm; minimum rod size, 9.5 mm. 6. DN 50: Maximum span, 2400 mm; minimum rod size, 9.5 mm. 7. DN 65: Maximum span, 2700 mm; minimum rod size, 9.5 mm. 8. DN 80: Maximum span, 3 m; minimum rod size, 9.5 mm. 9. DN 100: Maximum span, 3.7 m; minimum rod size, 13 mm.

O. Support vertical runs at each floor.

P. Charge and purge systems, after testing, and dispose of refrigerant following ASHRAE 15 procedures.

3.5 PIPE JOINT CONSTRUCTION

A. Braze joints according to Division 15 Section "Basic Mechanical Materials and Methods."

B. Fill pipe and fittings with an inert gas (nitrogen or carbon dioxide) during brazing to prevent scale formation.


A. Test and inspect refrigerant piping according to ASME B31.5, Chapter VI.

1. Test refrigerant piping, specialties, and receivers. Isolate compressor, condenser, evaporator, and safety devices from test pressure.

2. Test high- and low-pressure side piping of each system at not less than the lower of the design pressure or the setting of pressure relief device protecting high and low side of system.

a. System shall maintain test pressure at the manifold gage throughout duration of test.

b. Test joints and fittings by brushing a small amount of soap and glycerine solution over joint.

c. Fill system with nitrogen to raise a test pressure of 1380 kPa. Perform final tests at 186 kPa vacuum and 1380 kPa using halide torch or electronic leak detector. Test to no leakage.

d. Remake leaking joints using new materials, and retest until satisfactory results are achieved.



3. Test and adjust controls and safeties. Replace damaged or malfunctioning controls and equipment.

3.7 ADJUSTING

A. Adjust thermostatic expansion valve to obtain proper evaporator superheat requirements.

B. Adjust high- and low-pressure switch settings to avoid short cycling in response to fluctuating suction pressure.

C. Adjust set-point temperature of the conditioned air or chilled-water controllers to the system design temperature.

D. Perform the following adjustments before operating the refrigeration system, according to manufacturer's written instructions:

1. Open shutoff valves in condenser water circuit. 2. Check compressor oil level above center of sight glass. 3. Open compressor suction and discharge valves. 4. Open refrigerant valves, except bypass valves that are used for other purposes. 5. Check compressor-motor alignment, and lubricate motors and bearings.

3.8 CLEANING

A. Before installing copper tubing other than Type ACR, clean tubing and fittings with trichloroethylene.

B. Replace core of filter-dryer after system has been adjusted and design flow rates and pressures are established.

3.9 SYSTEM CHARGING

A. Charge system using the following procedures:

1. Install core in filter-dryer after leak test but before evacuation. 2. Evacuate entire refrigerant system with a vacuum pump until temperature of 1.67 deg C

is indicated on vacuum dehydration indicator. 3. During evacuation, apply heat to pockets, elbows and low spots in piping. 4. Maintain vacuum on system for minimum of 5 hours after closing valve between vacuum

pump and system. 5. Break vacuum with refrigerant gas, allowing pressure to build up to 14 kPa. 6. Charge system with a new filter-dryer core in charging line. Provide full-operating

charge.


UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF STATE JANUARY 2009 OVERSEAS BUILDINGS OPERATIONS OBO STANDARD SPECIFICATIONS

SPLIT-SYSTEM AIR-CONDITIONING UNITS SECTION 15738 - 1

SECTION 15738 - SPLIT-SYSTEM AIR-CONDITIONING UNITS

PART 1 - GENERAL

1.1 SUMMARY

A. This Section includes split-system air-conditioning and heat pump units consisting of separate evaporator-fan and compressor-condenser components. Units are designed for exposed or concealed mounting, and may be connected to ducts.


1. Division 15 Section "Mechanical Vibration Isolation and Seismic Restraints" for isolation pads, spring isolators, and seismic restraints.

2. Division 15 Section "Control Systems Equipment" for control devices not packaged with units.

1.2 SUBMITTALS

A. Product Data: Include rated capacities; shipping, installed, and operating weights; furnished specialties, and accessories for each type of product indicated. Include performance data in terms of capacities, outlet velocities, static pressures, sound power characteristics, motor requirements, and electrical characteristics.

B. Shop Drawings: Diagram power, signal, and control wiring and differentiate between manufacturer-installed and field-installed wiring.

C. Samples for Initial Selection: Manufacturer’s color charts consisting of units of sections of units showing the full range of colors available for units with factory applied color finishes.

D. Maintenance Data: For split-system air-conditioning units to include in the maintenance manuals specified in Division 1.

E. Warranties: Special warranties specified in this Section.

F. LEED Submittals: 1. Credit EA 4: Manufacturers' product data for refrigerants, including printed statement

that refrigerants are free of HCFCs.




A. Product Options: Drawings indicate size, profiles, and dimensional requirements of split-system units and are based on the specific system indicated. Other manufacturers' systems with equal performance characteristics may be considered. Refer to Division 1 Section "Substitutions."


C. Energy-Efficiency Ratio: Equal to or greater than prescribed by ASHRAE/IESNA 90.1-1999 "Energy efficient Design of New Buildings except Low-Rise Residential Buildings."

1.4 COORDINATION

A. Coordinate size and location of concrete bases for units. Cast anchor-bolt inserts into bases. Concrete, reinforcement, and formwork are specified in Division 3 Section "Cast-in-Place Concrete."

B. Coordinate size, location, and connection details with roof curbs, equipment supports, and roof penetrations specified in Division 7 Section "Roof Accessories."

1.5 WARRANTY

A. Special Warranty: Written warranty, executed by manufacturer agreeing to repair or replace components identified below of split-system air-conditioning units which fail in materials or workmanship within specified warranty period. 1. Warranty Period: The compressor shall have minimum five years warranty from date of

substantial completion.

1.6 EXTRA MATERIALS


1. Filters: One set of filters for each unit. 2. Fan Belts: One set of belts for each unit.



PART 2 - PRODUCTS

2.1 CEILING-MOUNTING, EVAPORATOR-FAN COMPONENTS

A. Cabinet: Enameled steel with removable panels on front and ends in color selected by Contracting Agent, and discharge drain pans with drain connection.

B. Refrigerant Coil: Copper tube, with mechanically bonded aluminum fins, complying with ARI 210/240, and with thermal-expansion valve.

C. Electric Coil: Helical, nickel-chrome, resistance-wire heating elements with refractory ceramic support bushings; automatic-reset thermal cutout; built-in magnetic contactors; manual-reset thermal cutout; airflow proving device; and one-time fuses in terminal box for overcurrent protection.

D. Fan: Centrifugal fan, with power-induced outside air, and integral condensate pump.

E. Fan Motors: Comply with requirements in Division 15 Section "Motors." 1. Special Motor Features: Multitapped, multispeed with internal thermal protection and

permanent lubrication.

F. Filters: Permanent, cleanable.

2.2 AIR-COOLED, COMPRESSOR-CONDENSER COMPONENTS

A. Casing: Steel, finished with baked enamel, with removable panels for access to controls, weep holes for water drainage, and mounting holes in base. Provide brass service valves, fittings, and gage ports on exterior of casing.

B. Compressor: Hermetically sealed with crankcase heater and mounted on vibration isolation. Compressor motor shall have thermal- and current-sensitive overload devices, start capacitor, relay, and contactor.

1. Compressor Type: Reciprocating or Scroll. 2. Two-speed compressor motor with manual-reset high-pressure switch and automatic-

reset low-pressure switch.

C. Refrigerant Coil: Copper tube, with mechanically bonded copper fins, complying with ARI 210/240, and with liquid subcooler.

D. Heat Pump Components: Reversing valve and low-temperature air cut-off thermostat.

E. Fan: Aluminum-propeller type, directly connected to motor.

F. Motor: Permanently lubricated, with integral thermal-overload protection.



G. Low Ambient Kit: Permits operation down to 7 deg C.

H. Mounting Base: Polyethylene.

2.3 ACCESSORIES

A. Thermostat: Wireless infrared functioning to remotely control compressor and evaporator fan, with the following features:

1. Compressor time delay. 2. 24-hour time control of system stop and start. 3. Liquid-crystal display indicating temperature, set-point temperature, time setting,

operating mode, and fan speed. 4. Fan-speed selection, including auto setting.

B. Automatic-reset timer to prevent rapid cycling of compressor.

C. Refrigerant Line Kits: Soft-annealed copper suction and liquid lines factory cleaned, dried, pressurized, and sealed; factory-insulated suction line with flared fittings at both ends.

PART 3 - EXECUTION

3.1 INSTALLATION

A. Install units level and plumb.

B. Install evaporator-fan components using manufacturer's standard mounting devices securely fastened to building structure.

C. Install roof-mounted compressor-condenser components on equipment supports specified in Division 7 Section "Roof Accessories." Anchor units to supports with removable, cadmium-plated fasteners.

D. Install compressor-condenser components on restrained, spring isolators with a minimum static deflection of 25 mm. Refer to Division 15 Section "Mechanical Vibration Controls and Seismic Restraints."

E. Connect precharged refrigerant tubing to component's quick-connect fittings. Install tubing to allow access to unit.



3.2 CONNECTIONS

A. Piping installation requirements are specified in other Division 15 Sections. Drawings indicate general arrangement of piping, fittings, and specialties.

1. Water Coil Connections: Comply with requirements in Division 15 Section "Hydronic

Piping." Connect to supply and return coil with shutoff-duty valve and union or flange on the supply connection and with throttling-duty valve and union or flange on the return connection.

2. Remote Water-Cooled Condenser Connections: Comply with requirements in Division 15 Section "Hydronic Piping." Connect to supply and return with shutoff-duty valve and union or flange on the supply connection and with throttling-duty valve and union or flange on the return connection.

3. Steam Coil Connections: Comply with requirements in Division 15 Section "Steam and Condensate Piping." Connect to steam piping with shutoff valve and union or flange; for condensate piping, starting from the coil connection, connect with union or flange, strainer, trap, and shutoff valve.

B. Install piping adjacent to unit to allow service and maintenance.

C. Duct Connections: Duct installation requirements are specified in Division 15 Section "Metal Ducts." Drawings indicate the general arrangement of ducts. Connect supply and return ducts to split-system air-conditioning units with flexible duct connectors. Flexible duct connectors are specified in Division 15 Section "Duct Accessories."

D. Ground equipment according to Division 16 Section "Grounding and Bonding."

E. Electrical Connections: Comply with requirements in Division 16 Sections for power wiring, switches, and motor controls.


A. Installation Inspection: Engage a factory-authorized service representative to inspect field-assembled components and equipment installation, including piping and electrical connections, and to prepare a written report of inspection.

B. Leak Test: After installation, charge system and test for leaks. Repair leaks and retest until no leaks exist.

C. Operational Test: After electrical circuitry has been energized, start units to confirm proper motor rotation and unit operation. Remove malfunctioning units, replace with new components, and retest.

D. Test and adjust controls and safeties. Replace damaged and malfunctioning controls and equipment.



3.4 STARTUP SERVICE

A. Verify that units are installed and connected according to the Contract Documents.

B. Lubricate bearings, adjust belt tension, and change filters.

C. Perform startup checks according to manufacturer’s written instructions and do the following: 1. Fill out manufacturer’s checklists. 2. Check for unobstructed airflow over coils. 3. Check operation of condenser capacity-control device. 4. Verify that vibration isolation devices and flexible connectors dampen vibration

transmission to structure.

3.5 DEMONSTRATION

A. Engage a factory-authorized service representative to train Government maintenance personnel to adjust, operate, and maintain units.

1. Train Government’s maintenance personnel on procedures and schedules for starting and stopping, troubleshooting, servicing, and maintaining units.

2. Review data in maintenance manuals. Refer to Division 1 Section "Contract Closeout." 3. Schedule training with COR with at least seven days' advance notice.



METAL DUCTS SECTION 15815 - 1

SECTION 15815 - METAL DUCTS

PART 1 - GENERAL

1.1 SUMMARY

A. This Section includes metal ducts for supply, return, outside, and exhaust air-distribution systems in pressure classes from minus 500 to plus 2500 Pa. The duct construction shall comply with the requirements of Table 4-1 of SMACNA HVAC Duct Leakage Test Manual. A schedule of all duct work sections and their maximum operating static pressure, Pressure Class, and Seam Type shall be provided. Duct construction is critical to maintaining the noise standards for the building. Metal ducts include the following:

1. Rectangular ducts and fittings. 2. Single-wall, round spiral-seam ducts and formed fittings. 3. Duct liner.

B. Related Sections include the following: 1. Division 15 Section "HVAC Casings" for factory- and field-fabricated casings for

mechanical equipment. 2. Division 15 Section "Duct Accessories" for dampers, sound-control devices, duct-

mounting access doors and panels, turning vanes, and flexible ducts.

1.2 DEFINITIONS

A. FRP: Fiberglass-reinforced plastic.

B. NUSIG: National Uniform Seismic Installation Guidelines.

1.3 SYSTEM DESCRIPTION

A. Duct system design, as indicated, has been used to select size and type of air-moving and -distribution equipment and other air system components. Changes to layout or configuration of duct system must be specifically approved in writing by COR. Accompany requests for layout modifications with calculations showing that proposed layout will provide original design results without increasing system total pressure.

1.4 SUBMITTALS

A. Product Data: For duct liner and sealing material.

B. Shop Drawings: Show details of the following:



1. Fabrication, assembly, and installation, including plans, elevations, sections, components, and attachments to other work.

2. Duct layout indicating pressure classifications and sizes on plans. 3. Fittings. 4. Reinforcement and spacing. 5. Seam and joint construction. 6. Penetrations through fire-rated and other partitions. 7. Terminal unit, coil, and humidifier installations. 8. Hangers and supports, including methods for building attachment, vibration isolation,

seismic restraints, and duct attachment.

C. Coordination Drawings: Reflected ceiling plans drawn to scale and coordinating penetrations and ceiling-mounted items. Show the following:

1. Ceiling suspension assembly members. 2. Other systems installed in same space as ducts. 3. Ceiling- and wall-mounted access doors and panels required to provide access to dampers

and other operating devices. 4. Coordination with ceiling-mounted items, including lighting fixtures, diffusers, grilles,

speakers, sprinkler heads, access panels, and special moldings.

D. Welding Certificates: Copies of certificates indicating welding procedures and personnel comply with requirements in “Quality Assurance” Article.

E. Field and Factory Test Reports: Indicate and interpret test results for compliance with performance requirements. Provide to the COR for forwarding to the OBO/PE/DE/MEB for approval; and to Systems Engineer/Condition Monitoring Office/Predictive Testing Groups for inclusion in the Maintenance Database.

F. Record Drawings: Indicate actual routing, fitting details, reinforcement, support, and installed accessories and devices.


A. Welding: Qualify procedures and personnel according to AWS D1.1, "Structural Welding Code--Steel," for hangers and supports and AWS D9.1, "Sheet Metal Welding Code," for duct joint and seam welding.

B. NFPA Compliance:

1. NFPA 90A, "Installation of Air Conditioning and Ventilating Systems." 2. NFPA 90B, "Installation of Warm Air Heating and Air Conditioning Systems."

C. Comply with NFPA 96, "Ventilation Control and Fire Protection of Commercial Cooking Operations," Ch. 3, "Duct System," for range hood ducts, unless otherwise indicated.

PART 2 - PRODUCTS



2.1 SHEET METAL MATERIALS

A. Galvanized Sheet Steel: Lock-forming quality; complying with ASTM A 653/A 653M and having Z275 coating designation; ducts shall have mill-phosphatized finish for surfaces exposed to view.

B. Carbon-Steel Sheets: ASTM A 366/A 366M, cold-rolled sheets; commercial quality.

C. Stainless Steel: ASTM A 480/A 480M, Type 304, and having a No. 2D finish for concealed ducts and No. 3 for exposed ducts.

D. Reinforcement Shapes and Plates: Galvanized-steel reinforcement where installed on galvanized sheet metal ducts.

E. Tie Rods: Galvanized steel, 6-mm minimum diameter for lengths 900 mm or less; 10-mm minimum diameter for lengths longer than 900 mm.

2.2 DUCT LINER

A. Flexible Elastomeric Duct Liner: Comply with NFPA 90A or NFPA 90B.

1. Materials: Unicellular polyethylene thermal plastic, preformed sheet insulation complying with ASTM C 534, Type II, except for density.

a. Thickness: 25 mm. b. Thermal Conductivity (k-Value): 0.034 at 24 deg C mean temperature. c. Fire-Hazard Classification: Maximum flame-spread index of 25 and smoke-

developed index of 50 when tested according to ASTM C 411. d. Liner Adhesive: As recommended by insulation manufacturer and complying with

NFPA 90A or NFPA 90B.

2.3 SEALANT MATERIALS

A. Joint and Seam Sealants, General: The term "sealant" is not limited to materials of adhesive or mastic nature but includes tapes and combinations of open-weave fabric strips and mastics.

B. Joint and Seam Tape: 50 mm wide; glass-fiber-reinforced fabric.

C. Tape Sealing System: Woven-fiber tape impregnated with gypsum mineral compound and modified acrylic/silicone activator to react exothermically with tape to form hard, durable, airtight seal.

D. Water-Based Joint and Seam Sealant: Flexible, adhesive sealant, resistant to UV light when cured, UL 723 listed, and complying with NFPA requirements for Class 1 ducts.

E. Solvent-Based Joint and Seam Sealant: One-part, nonsag, solvent-release-curing, polymerized butyl sealant formulated with a minimum of 75 percent solids.



F. Flanged Joint Mastic: One-part, acid-curing, silicone, elastomeric joint sealant complying with ASTM C 920, Type S, Grade NS, Class 25, Use O.

G. Flange Gaskets: Butyl rubber or EPDM polymer with polyisobutylene plasticizer.

2.4 HANGERS AND SUPPORTS

A. Building Attachments: Concrete inserts, powder-actuated fasteners, or structural-steel fasteners appropriate for construction materials to which hangers are being attached.

1. Use powder-actuated concrete fasteners for standard-weight aggregate concretes or for slabs more than 100 mm thick.

2. Exception: Do not use powder-actuated concrete fasteners for lightweight-aggregate concretes or for slabs less than 100 mm thick.

B. Hanger Materials: Galvanized sheet steel or threaded steel rod.

1. Hangers Installed in Corrosive Atmospheres: Electrogalvanized, all-thread rods or galvanized rods with threads painted with zinc-chromate primer after installation.

2. Strap and Rod Sizes: Comply with SMACNA's "HVAC Duct Construction Standards--Metal and Flexible" for steel sheet width and thickness and for steel rod diameters.

C. Duct Attachments: Sheet metal screws, blind rivets, or self-tapping metal screws; compatible with duct materials.

D. Trapeze and Riser Supports: Steel shapes complying with ASTM A 36/A 36M.

1. Supports for Galvanized-Steel Ducts: Galvanized-steel shapes and plates. 2. Supports for Stainless-Steel Ducts: Stainless-steel support materials.

2.5 RECTANGULAR DUCT FABRICATION

A. Fabricate ducts, elbows, transitions, offsets, branch connections, and other construction according to SMACNA's "HVAC Duct Construction Standards--Metal and Flexible" and complying with requirements for metal thickness, reinforcing types and intervals, tie-rod applications, and joint types and intervals.

1. Lengths: Fabricate rectangular ducts in lengths appropriate to reinforcement and rigidity class required for pressure class.

2. Deflection: Duct systems shall not exceed deflection limits according to SMACNA's "HVAC Duct Construction Standards--Metal and Flexible."

B. Transverse Joints: Prefabricated slide-on joints and components constructed using manufacturer's guidelines for material thickness, reinforcement size and spacing, and joint reinforcement.

C. Formed-On Flanges: Construct according to SMACNA's "HVAC Duct Construction Standards--Metal and Flexible," Figure 1-4, using corner, bolt, cleat, and gasket details.



1. Duct Size: Maximum 750 mm wide and up to 500-Pa pressure class. 2. Longitudinal Seams: Pittsburgh lock sealed with noncuring polymer sealant.

D. Cross Breaking or Cross Beading: Cross break or cross bead duct sides 480 mm and larger and 0.9 mm thick or less, with more than 0.93 sq. m of nonbraced panel area unless ducts are lined.

2.6 APPLICATION OF LINER IN RECTANGULAR DUCTS

A. Adhere a single layer of indicated thickness of duct liner with at least 90 percent adhesive coverage at liner contact surface area. Attaining indicated thickness with multiple layers of duct liner is prohibited.

B. Apply adhesive to transverse edges of liner facing upstream that do not receive metal nosing.

C. Butt transverse joints without gaps and coat joint with adhesive.

D. Fold and compress liner in corners of rectangular ducts or cut and fit to ensure butted-edge overlapping.

E. Do not apply liner in rectangular ducts with longitudinal joints, except at corners of ducts, unless duct size and standard liner product dimensions make longitudinal joints necessary.

F. Apply adhesive coating on longitudinal seams in ducts with air velocity of 12.7 m/s.

G. Secure liner with mechanical fasteners 100 mm from corners and at intervals not exceeding 300 mm transversely; at 75 mm from transverse joints and at intervals not exceeding 450 mm longitudinally.

H. Secure transversely oriented liner edges facing the airstream with metal nosings that have either channel or "Z" profiles or are integrally formed from duct wall. Fabricate edge facings at the following locations:

1. Fan discharges. 2. Intervals of lined duct preceding unlined duct. 3. Upstream edges of transverse joints in ducts where air velocities are greater than 12.7 m/s

(2500 fpm) or where indicated.

I. Terminate inner ducts with buildouts attached to fire-damper sleeves, dampers, turning vane assemblies, or other devices. Fabricated buildouts (metal hat sections) or other buildout means are optional; when used, secure buildouts to duct walls with bolts, screws, rivets, or welds.

2.7 ROUND DUCT AND FITTING FABRICATION

A. Diameter as applied to flat-oval ducts in this Article is the diameter of a round duct with a circumference equal to the perimeter of a given size of flat-oval duct.

B. Round, Longitudinal- and Spiral Lock-Seam Ducts: Fabricate supply ducts of galvanized steel according to SMACNA's "HVAC Duct Construction Standards--Metal and Flexible."



C. Duct Joints:

1. Ducts up to 500 mm in Diameter: Interior, center-beaded slip coupling, sealed before and after fastening, attached with sheet metal screws.

2. Ducts 535 to 1830 mm in Diameter: Three-piece, gasketed, flanged joint consisting of two internal flanges with sealant and one external closure band with gasket.

3. Ducts Larger Than 1830 mm in Diameter: Companion angle flanged joints per SMACNA "HVAC Duct Construction Standards--Metal and Flexible," Figure 3-2.

4. Round Ducts: Prefabricated connection system consisting of double-lipped, EPDM rubber gasket. Manufacture ducts according to connection system manufacturer's tolerances.

D. 90-Degree Tees and Laterals and Conical Tees: Fabricate to comply with SMACNA's "HVAC Duct Construction Standards--Metal and Flexible," with metal thicknesses specified for longitudinal-seam straight ducts.

E. Diverging-Flow Fittings: Fabricate with reduced entrance to branch taps and with no excess material projecting from fitting onto branch tap entrance.

F. Fabricate elbows using die-formed, gored, pleated, or mitered construction. Bend radius of die-formed, gored, and pleated elbows shall be 1-1/2 times duct diameter. Unless elbow construction type is indicated, fabricate elbows as follows:

1. Mitered-Elbow Radius and Number of Pieces: Welded construction complying with SMACNA's "HVAC Duct Construction Standards--Metal and Flexible," unless otherwise indicated.

2. Round Mitered Elbows: Welded construction with the following metal thickness for pressure classes from minus 500 to plus 500 Pa:

a. Ducts 75 to 915 mm in Diameter: 0.85 mm. b. Ducts 940 to 1270 mm in Diameter: 1.0 mm. c. Ducts 1320 to 1525 mm in Diameter: 1.3 mm. d. Ducts 1575 to 2130 mm in Diameter: 1.6 mm.

3. Round Mitered Elbows: Welded construction with the following metal thickness for pressure classes from 500 to 2500 Pa:

a. Ducts 75 to 660 mm in Diameter: 0.85 mm. b. Ducts 685 to 1270 mm in Diameter: 1.0 mm. c. Ducts 1320 to 1525 mm in Diameter: 1.3 mm. d. Ducts 1575 to 2130 mm in Diameter: 1.6 mm.

4. Flat-Oval Mitered Elbows: Welded construction with same metal thickness as longitudinal-seam flat-oval duct.

5. 90-Degree, 2-Piece, Mitered Elbows: Use only for supply systems or for material-handling Class A or B exhaust systems and only where space restrictions do not permit using radius elbows. Fabricate with single-thickness turning vanes.

6. Round Elbows 200 mm and Less in Diameter: Fabricate die-formed elbows for 45- and 90-degree elbows and pleated elbows for 30, 45, 60, and 90 degrees only. Fabricate



nonstandard bend-angle configurations or nonstandard diameter elbows with gored construction.

7. Round Elbows 225 through 355 mm in Diameter: Fabricate gored or pleated elbows for 30, 45, 60, and 90 degrees unless space restrictions require mitered elbows. Fabricate nonstandard bend-angle configurations or nonstandard diameter elbows with gored construction.

8. Round Elbows Larger than 355 mm in Diameter and All Flat-Oval Elbows: Fabricate gored elbows unless space restrictions require mitered elbows.

9. Die-Formed Elbows for Sizes through 200 mm in Diameter and All Pressures 1.0 mm thick with 2-piece welded construction.

10. Round Gored-Elbow Metal Thickness: Same as non-elbow fittings specified above. 11. Flat-Oval Elbow Metal Thickness: Same as longitudinal-seam flat-oval duct specified

above. 12. Pleated Elbows for Sizes through 355 mm in Diameter and Pressures through 2500 Pa:

0.55 mm.

PART 3 - EXECUTION

3.1 DUCT APPLICATIONS

A. Static-Pressure Classes: Unless otherwise indicated, construct ducts according to the following:

1. Supply Ducts: 250 Pa. 2. Supply Ducts (before Air Terminal Units): 500 Pa. 3. Supply Ducts (after Air Terminal Units): 250 Pa. 4. Supply Ducts (in Mechanical Equipment Rooms): 500 Pa. 5. Return Ducts (Negative Pressure): 250 Pa. 6. Exhaust Ducts (Negative Pressure): 250 Pa. 7. Outdoor Air Ducts (Negative Pressure): 250 Pa.

B. All ducts shall be galvanized steel except as follows: 1. Range Hood Exhaust Ducts: Comply with NFPA 96.

a. Concealed: Carbon-steel sheet. b. Exposed: Type 304, stainless steel with finish to match kitchen equipment and

range hood. c. Weld all seams and joints.

1) Provide flange connections when connecting to range hood and exhaust fan.

3.2 DUCT INSTALLATION

A. Construct and install ducts according to SMACNA's "HVAC Duct Construction Standards--Metal and Flexible," unless otherwise indicated.

B. Insulated all supply and outdoor air ductwork, and return air ductwork in non-conditioned space, using external insulation that resists microbial growth.



1. Provide a vapor barrier on the warm side of external insulation of all cold air ductwork.

C. Minimize noise transmission in ducts using stainless steel, interior perforated metal, or external sound absorption methods. 1. Do not use fibrous internal duct liners.

D. Provide duct systems exposed to the weather with adequate insulation and weatherproof jacket.

E. Install round ducts in lengths not less than 3.7 m unless interrupted by fittings.

F. Install ducts with fewest possible joints.

G. Install fabricated fittings for changes in directions, size, and shape and for connections.

H. Install couplings tight to duct wall surface with a minimum of projections into duct. Secure couplings with sheet metal screws. Install screws at intervals of 300 mm, with a minimum of three screws in each coupling.

I. Install ducts, unless otherwise indicated, vertically and horizontally and parallel and perpendicular to building lines; avoid diagonal runs.

J. Install ducts close to walls, overhead construction, columns, and other structural and permanent enclosure elements of building.

K. Install ducts with a clearance of 25 mm, plus allowance for insulation thickness.

L. Conceal ducts from view in finished spaces. Do not encase horizontal runs in solid partitions unless specifically indicated.

M. Coordinate layout with suspended ceiling, fire- and smoke-control dampers, lighting layouts, and similar finished work.

N. Seal all joints and seams. Apply sealant to male end connectors before insertion, and afterward to cover entire joint and sheet metal screws.

O. Electrical Equipment Spaces: Route ducts to avoid passing through transformer vaults and electrical equipment spaces and enclosures.

P. Non-Fire-Rated Partition Penetrations: Where ducts pass through interior partitions and exterior walls and are exposed to view, conceal spaces between construction openings and ducts or duct insulation with sheet metal flanges of same metal thickness as ducts. Overlap openings on 4 sides by at least 38 mm.

Q. Fire-Rated Partition Penetrations: Where ducts pass through interior partitions and exterior walls, install appropriately rated fire dampers, sleeves, and firestopping sealant. Fire and smoke dampers are specified in Division 15 Section "Duct Accessories." Firestopping materials and installation methods are specified in Division 7 Section "Through-Penetration Firestop Systems."



R. Install ducts with hangers and braces designed to withstand, without damage to equipment, seismic force required by applicable building codes. Refer to SMACNA's "Seismic Restraint Manual: Guidelines for Mechanical Systems."

S. Protect duct interiors from the elements and foreign materials until building is enclosed. Follow SMACNA's "Duct Cleanliness for New Construction."

T. Paint interiors of metal ducts, that do not have duct liner, for 600 mm upstream of registers and grilles. Apply one coat of flat, black, latex finish coat over a compatible galvanized-steel primer. Paint materials and application requirements are specified in Division 9 painting Sections.

3.3 RANGE HOOD EXHAUST DUCTS, SPECIAL INSTALLATION REQUIREMENTS

A. Install ducts to allow for thermal expansion through 1110 deg C temperature range.

B. Install ducts without dips or traps that may collect residues unless traps have continuous or automatic residue removal.

C. Install access openings at each change in direction and at intervals defined by NFPA 96; locate on sides of duct a minimum of 38 mm from bottom; and fit with grease-tight covers of same material as duct.

D. Do not penetrate fire-rated assemblies except as permitted by applicable building codes.

E. Comply with NFPA 96 for fire-rated enclosures of grease ducts.

3.4 SEAM AND JOINT SEALING

A. Seal duct seams and joints according to SMACNA's "HVAC Duct Construction Standards--Metal and Flexible" for duct pressure class indicated.

1. For pressure classes lower than 500 Pa, seal transverse joints.

B. Seal ducts before external insulation is applied.

3.5 HANGING AND SUPPORTING

A. Install rigid round and rectangular metal duct with support systems indicated in SMACNA’s “HVAC Duct Construction Standards – Metal and Flexible.”

B. Support horizontal ducts within 600 mm of each elbow and within 1200 mm of each branch intersection.

C. Support vertical ducts at maximum intervals of 5 m and at each floor.



D. Install upper attachments to structures with an allowable load not exceeding one-fourth of failure (proof-test) load.

E. Install concrete inserts before placing concrete.

F. Install powder-actuated concrete fasteners after concrete is placed and completely cured.

1. Do not use powder-actuated concrete fasteners for lightweight-aggregate concretes or for slabs less than 100 mm thick.

3.6 CONNECTIONS

A. Make connections to equipment with flexible connectors according to Division 15 Section "Duct Accessories."

B. Comply with SMACNA's "HVAC Duct Construction Standards--Metal and Flexible" for branch, outlet and inlet, and terminal unit connections.


A. Perform the following field tests and inspections according to SMACNA's "HVAC Air Duct Leakage Test Manual" and prepare test reports:

1. Disassemble, reassemble, and seal segments of systems to accommodate leakage testing and for compliance with test requirements.

2. Conduct tests at static pressures equal to maximum design pressure of system or section being tested. If pressure classes are not indicated, test entire system at maximum system design pressure. Do not pressurize systems above maximum design operating pressure. Give seven days' advance notice for testing.

3. Determine leakage from the entire system by relating leakage to surface area of test section.

4. Maximum Allowable Leakage: The tested duct leakage class at a pressure equal to the design pressure class rating shall be equal or less that Leakage Class 6 per the SMACNA HVAC Air Duct Leakage Test Manual.

5. Remake leaking joints and retest until leakage is equal to or less than maximum allowable.

6. Duct leakage test shall be witnessed and certified by the testing, adjusting and balancing contractor who signs the certification.

3.8 CLEANING NEW SYSTEMS

A. Mark position of dampers and air-directional mechanical devices before cleaning, and perform cleaning before air balancing.

B. Use service openings, as required, for physical and mechanical entry and for inspection.

1. Create other openings to comply with duct standards.



2. Disconnect flexible ducts as needed for cleaning and inspection. 3. Remove and reinstall ceiling sections to gain access during the cleaning process.

C. Vent vacuuming system to the outside. Include filtration to contain debris removed from HVAC systems, and locate exhaust down wind and away from air intakes and other points of entry into building.

D. Clean the following metal duct systems by removing surface contaminants and deposits:

1. Air outlets and inlets (registers, grilles, and diffusers). 2. Supply, return, and exhaust fans including fan housings, plenums (except ceiling supply

and return plenums), scrolls, blades or vanes, shafts, baffles, dampers, and drive assemblies.

3. Air-handling unit internal surfaces and components including mixing box, coil section, air wash systems, spray eliminators, condensate drain pans, humidifiers and dehumidifiers, filters and filter sections, and condensate collectors and drains.

4. Coils and related components. 5. Return-air ducts, dampers, and actuators except in ceiling plenums and mechanical

equipment rooms. 6. Supply-air ducts, dampers, actuators, and turning vanes.

E. Mechanical Cleaning Methodology:

1. Clean metal duct systems using mechanical cleaning methods that extract contaminants from within duct systems and remove contaminants from building.

2. Use vacuum-collection devices that are operated continuously during cleaning. Connect vacuum device to downstream end of duct sections so areas being cleaned are under negative pressure.

3. Use mechanical agitation to dislodge debris adhered to interior duct surfaces without damaging integrity of metal ducts, duct liner, or duct accessories.

4. Clean fibrous-glass duct liner with HEPA vacuuming equipment; do not permit duct liner to get wet.

5. Clean coils and coil drain pans according to NADCA 1992. Keep drain pan operational. Rinse coils with clean water to remove latent residues and cleaning materials; comb and straighten fins.

F. Cleanliness Verification:

1. Visually inspect metal ducts for contaminants. 2. Where contaminants are discovered, re-clean and reinspect ducts.



DUCT ACCESSORIES SECTION 15820 - 1

SECTION 15820 - DUCT ACCESSORIES

PART 1 - GENERAL

1.1 SUMMARY


1. Backdraft dampers. 2. Volume dampers. 3. Motorized control dampers. 4. Fire dampers. 5. Combination fire and smoke dampers. 6. Duct silencers. 7. Turning vanes. 8. Duct-mounted access doors. 9. Flexible connectors. 10. Flexible ducts. 11. Duct accessory hardware.


1. Division 13 Section "Fire Alarm" for duct-mounting fire and smoke detectors. 2. Division 15 Section "HVAC Instrumentation and Controls" for electric and pneumatic

damper actuators.


A. Comply with NFPA 90A, "Installation of Air Conditioning and Ventilating Systems," and NFPA 90B, "Installation of Warm Air Heating and Air Conditioning Systems."

1.3 SUBMITTALS

B. Product Data: For the following:

1. Backdraft dampers. 2. Volume dampers. 3. Motorized control dampers. 4. Fire dampers. 5. Combinations fire and smoke dampers. 6. Duct silencers. 7. Duct-mounted access doors. 8. Flexible ducts. 9. Duct accessory hardware.



C. Shop Drawings: Detail equipment assemblies and indicate dimensions, weight, loading, required clearances, method of field assembly, components, location, and size of each field connection. Detail the following:

1. Special fittings and manual and automatic volume damper installations.

1.3 EXTRA MATERIALS


1. Fusible Links: Furnish quantity equal to 10 percent of amount installed.

PART 2 - PRODUCTS

2.1 SHEET METAL MATERIALS

A. Comply with SMACNA's "HVAC Duct Construction Standards--Metal and Flexible" for acceptable materials, material thicknesses, and duct construction methods, unless otherwise indicated.

B. Galvanized Sheet Steel: Lock-forming quality; complying with ASTM A 653/A 653M and having minimum G60 (Z180) coating designation; ducts shall have mill-phosphatized finish for surfaces exposed to view.

C. Stainless Steel: ASTM A 480/A 480M.

D. Aluminum Sheets: ASTM B 209 (ASTM B 209M), alloy 3003, temper H14; with mill finish for concealed ducts and standard, 1-side bright finish for exposed ducts.

E. Extruded Aluminum: ASTM B 221 (ASTM B 221M), alloy 6063, temper T6.

F. Reinforcement Shapes and Plates: Galvanized-steel reinforcement where installed on galvanized sheet metal ducts; compatible materials for aluminum and stainless-steel ducts.

G. Tie Rods: Galvanized steel, 6-mm (1/4-inch) minimum diameter for lengths 900 mm (36 inches) or less; 10-mm (3/8-inch) minimum diameter for lengths longer than 900 mm (36 inches).

2.2 BACKDRAFT DAMPERS

A. Description: Multiple-blade, parallel action gravity balanced, with blades of maximum 150-mm width, with sealed edges, assembled in rattle-free manner with 90-degree stop, steel ball bearings, and axles; adjustment device to permit setting for varying differential static pressure.

B. Frame: 1.3-mm thick, galvanized sheet steel, with welded corners and mounting flange.



C. Blades: 0.6-mm thick, roll-formed aluminum.

D. Blade Seals: Vinyl.

E. Blade Axles: Nonferrous.

F. Tie Bars and Brackets: Galvanized steel.

G. Return Spring: Adjustable tension.

2.3 VOLUME DAMPERS

A. General Description: Factory fabricated, with required hardware and accessories. Stiffen damper blades for stability. Include locking device to hold single-blade dampers in a fixed position without vibration. Close duct penetrations for damper components to seal duct consistent with pressure class.

1. Pressure Classes of 750 Pa or Higher: End bearings or other seals for ducts with axles full length of damper blades and bearings at both ends of operating shaft.

B. Low-Leakage Volume Dampers: Multiple- or single-blade, parallel- or opposed-blade design as indicated, low-leakage rating, with linkage outside airstream, and suitable for horizontal or vertical applications.

1. Steel Frames: Hat-shaped, galvanized sheet steel channels, minimum of 1.62 mm thick, with mitered and welded corners; frames with flanges where indicated for attaching to walls and flangeless frames where indicated for installing in ducts.

2. Roll-Formed Steel Blades: 1.62-mm thick, galvanized sheet steel. 3. Blade Axles: Galvanized steel. 4. Bearings: Molded synthetic thrust or ball. 5. Blade Seals: Vinyl. 6. Jamb Seals: Cambered stainless steel. 7. Tie Bars and Brackets: Galvanized steel. 8. Maximum Leakage Rate: 51L/s at 995 Pa static pressure.

C. Jackshaft: 25-mm diameter, galvanized-steel pipe rotating within pipe-bearing assembly mounted on supports at each mullion and at each end of multiple-damper assemblies.

1. Length and Number of Mountings: Appropriate to connect linkage of each damper in multiple-damper assembly.

D. Damper Hardware: Zinc-plated, die-cast core with dial and handle made of 2.4-mm thick zinc-plated steel, and a 19-mm hexagon locking nut. Include center hole to suit damper operating-rod size. Include elevated platform for insulated duct mounting.

2.4 MOTORIZED CONTROL DAMPERS



A. General Description: AMCA-rated, opposed-blade design; minimum of 2.8-mm thick, galvanized-steel frames with holes for duct mounting; minimum of 1.61-mm thick, galvanized-steel damper blades with maximum blade width of 203 mm.

1. Secure blades to 13-mm diameter, zinc-plated axles using zinc-plated hardware, with nylon blade bearings, blade-linkage hardware of zinc-plated steel and brass, ends sealed against spring-stainless-steel blade bearings, and thrust bearings at each end of every blade.

2. Operating Temperature Range: From minus 40 to plus 93 deg C. 3. Provide parallel- or opposed-blade design with inflatable seal blade edging, or

replaceable rubber seals, rated for leakage at less than 51 L/s per sq. m of damper area, at differential pressure of 995 Pa when damper is being held by torque of 5.6 NM; when tested according to AMCA 500D.

2.5 FIRE DAMPERS

A. Fire dampers shall be labeled according to UL 555.

B. Fire Rating: 1-1/2 hours.

C. Frame: Curtain type with blades outside airstream; fabricated with roll-formed, 0.85-mm thick galvanized steel; with mitered and interlocking corners.

D. Mounting Sleeve: Factory- or field-installed, galvanized sheet steel.

1. Minimum Thickness: 3.5 mm thick as indicated and of length to suit application. 2. Exceptions: Omit sleeve where damper frame width permits direct attachment of

perimeter mounting angles on each side of wall or floor, and thickness of damper frame complies with sleeve requirements.

E. Mounting Orientation: Vertical or horizontal as indicated.

F. Blades: Roll-formed, interlocking, 0.85-mm thick, galvanized sheet steel. In place of interlocking blades, use full-length, 0.85-mm thick, galvanized-steel blade connectors.

G. Horizontal Dampers: Include blade lock and stainless-steel closure spring.

H. Fusible Links: Replaceable, 74 deg C rated.

2.6 COMBINATION FIRE AND SMOKE DAMPERS

A. General Description: Combination fire and smoke dampers shall comply with the requirements of both UL555 and UL 555S and shall be labeled according to UL 555 for 1-1/2-hour rating.

B. Fusible Links: Replaceable, 121 deg C rated.

C. Leakage Categories: Minimum Class III – low leakage.



D. Frame and Blades: 1.62-mm thick, galvanized sheet steel.

E. Mounting Sleeve: Factory-installed, 1.3-mm thick, galvanized sheet steel; length to suit wall or floor application.

F. Damper Motors: Provide for modulating or two-position action.

1. Permanent-Split-Capacitor or Shaded-Pole Motors: With oil-immersed and sealed gear trains.

2. Spring-Return Motors: Equip with an integral spiral-spring mechanism where indicated. Enclose entire spring mechanism in a removable housing designed for service or adjustments. Size for running torque rating of 17 NM and breakaway torque rating of 17 NM.

3. Outdoor Motors and Motors in Outside-Air Intakes: Equip with O-ring gaskets designed to make motors weatherproof. Equip motors with internal heaters to permit normal operation at minus 40 deg C.

4. Nonspring-Return Motors: For dampers larger than 2.3 sq. m, size motor for running torque rating of 17 NM and breakaway torque rating of 34 NM.

5. Electrical Connection: NEMA standard voltage and phase selected to operate on normal circuit voltage to which motor is connected.

2.7 DUCT SILENCERS

A. General Description: Factory-fabricated and -tested, round or rectangular silencers with performance characteristics and physical requirements as indicated.

B. Fire Performance: Adhesives, sealants, packing materials, and accessory materials shall have fire ratings not exceeding 25 for flame-spread index and 50 for smoke-developed index when tested according to ASTM E 84.

C. Construction: Silencers shall be constructed to meet the SMACNA and ASHRAE construction standards for the pressure and velocity classification of the systems in which they are installed. Material gauges shall be increased and casing construction shall be modified as required to meet these requirements.

D. Rectangular Units: 1. Straight Units: Fabricate casings with a minimum of 0.85 mm thick, solid galvanized

sheet metal for outer casing and 0.55 mm thick, ASTM A 653/A 653M, Z275, perforated galvanized sheet metal for inner casing.

2. Elbow Units: Fabricate casings with a minimum of 1.3 mm thick, solid galvanized sheet metal for outer casing and 0.85 mm thick, ASTM A 653/A 653M, Z275, perforated galvanized sheet metal for inner casing.

3. Acoustical Splitters:

a. Splitters shall be internally radiused. b. Splitters in elbow units shall be aerodynamically designed for the efficient turning

of the air.



c. Half and full splitters shall be provided as required to achieve indicated acoustic performance.

E. Round Units:

1. Outer Casings:

a. ASTM A 653/A 653M, Z275, galvanized sheet steel. b. Up to 450 mm in Diameter: 0.85 mm thick. c. 460 through 750 mm in Diameter: 1.0 mm thick. d. 760 through 1350 mm in Diameter: 1.3 mm thick. e. Greater than 1350 mm in Diameter: 1.62 mm thick. f. Casings fabricated of spiral lock-seam duct may be one size thinner than that

indicated.

2. Interior Casing, Partitions, and Baffles:

a. ASTM A 653/A 653M, Z275, galvanized sheet steel. b. At least 0.85 mm thick and designed for minimum aerodynamic losses.

F. Fill Material: None. No silencers shall contain water absorptive material of any kind to prevent mold growth. Attenuation shall be achieved with controlled impedance membranes and broadly tuned resonators.

G. Fabricate silencers to form rigid units that will not pulsate, vibrate, rattle, or otherwise react to system pressure variations.

1. Do not use nuts, bolts, or sheet metal screws for unit assemblies. 2. Lockform and seal or continuously weld joints. 3. Suspended Units: Factory-installed suspension hooks or lugs attached to frame in

quantities and spaced to prevent deflection or distortion. 4. Reinforcement: Cross or trapeze angles for rigid suspension.

H. Source Quality Control:

1. Acoustic Performance: Tested in accordance with ASTM E-477-99. 2. Testing shall be performed in an aero-acoustic laboratory with NVLAP accreditation for

the ASTM-E-477-99 test standard. 3. Acoustic ratings shall include dynamic insertion loss and generated noise power levels

for both forward flow (air and noise in same direction) and reverse flow (air and noise in opposite direction) in accordance with the air distribution system’s requirements. Provide performance data for at least 10-m/s face velocity.

4. Leak Test: Test units for airtightness at 200 percent of associated fan static pressure or 1500-Pa static pressure, whichever is greater.

2.8 TURNING VANES

A. Fabricate to comply with SMACNA's "HVAC Duct Construction Standards--Metal and Flexible" for vanes and vane runners. Vane runners shall automatically align vanes.



B. Manufactured Turning Vanes: Fabricate 38-mm wide, double-vane, curved blades of galvanized sheet steel set 19 mm o.c.; support with bars perpendicular to blades set 50 mm o.c.; and set into vane runners suitable for duct mounting.

C. Acoustic Turning Vanes: Fabricate airfoil-shaped aluminum extrusions with perforated faces and fibrous-glass fill.

2.9 DUCT-MOUNTED ACCESS DOORS

A. General Description: Fabricate doors airtight and suitable for duct pressure class.

B. Door: Double wall, duct mounting, and rectangular; fabricated of galvanized sheet metal with insulation fill and thickness as indicated for duct pressure class. Include vision panel where indicated. Include 25-by-25-mm butt or piano hinge and cam latches.

1. Frame: Galvanized sheet steel, with bend-over tabs and foam gaskets. 2. Provide number of hinges and locks as follows:

a. Less Than 300 mm Square: Secure with two sash locks. b. Up to 450 mm Square: Two hinges and two sash locks. c. Up to 600 by 1200 mm: Three hinges and two compression latches. d. Sizes 600 by 1200 mm and Larger: One additional hinge.

C. Seal around frame attachment to duct and door to frame with neoprene or foam rubber.

D. Insulation: 25-mm thick, fibrous-glass or polystyrene-foam board.

2.10 FLEXIBLE CONNECTORS

A. General Description: Flame-retardant or noncombustible fabrics, coatings, and adhesives complying with UL 181, Class 1.

B. Metal-Edged Connectors: Factory fabricated with a fabric strip 89 mm wide attached to two strips of 70-mm wide, 0.7-mm thick, galvanized sheet steel or 0.8-mm thick aluminum sheets. Select metal compatible with ducts.

C. Indoor System, Flexible Connector Fabric: Glass fabric double coated with neoprene.

1. Minimum Weight: 880 g/sq. m. 2. Tensile Strength: 84 N/mm in the warp and 63 N/mm in the filling. 3. Service Temperature: Minus 40 to plus 93 deg C.

2.11 FLEXIBLE DUCTS



A. Insulated-Duct Connectors: UL 181, Class 1, black polymer film supported by helically wound, spring-steel wire; fibrous-glass insulation; polyethylene vapor barrier film.

1. Pressure Rating: 1000 Pa positive and 125 Pa negative. 2. Maximum Air Velocity: 20.3 m/s. 3. Temperature Range: Minus 28 to plus 79 deg C.

B. Flexible Duct Clamps: Stainless-steel band with cadmium-plated hex screw to tighten band with a worm-gear action, in sizes 75 to 450 mm to suit duct size.

2.12 DUCT ACCESSORY HARDWARE

A. Instrument Test Holes: Cast iron or cast aluminum to suit duct material, including screw cap and gasket. Size to allow insertion of pitot tube and other testing instruments and of length to suit duct insulation thickness.

B. Adhesives: High strength, quick setting, neoprene based, waterproof, and resistant to gasoline and grease.

PART 3 - EXECUTION

3.1 APPLICATION AND INSTALLATION

A. Install duct accessories according to applicable details in SMACNA's "HVAC Duct Construction Standards--Metal and Flexible" for metal ducts.

B. Provide duct accessories of materials suited to duct materials; use galvanized-steel accessories in galvanized-steel and fibrous-glass ducts, stainless-steel accessories in stainless-steel ducts, and aluminum accessories in aluminum ducts.

C. Install backdraft dampers on exhaust fans or exhaust ducts nearest to outside and where indicated.

D. Install volume dampers in ducts.

E. Provide balancing dampers at points on supply, return, and exhaust systems where branches lead from larger ducts as required for air balancing. Install at a minimum of two duct widths from branch takeoff.

F. Provide test holes at fan inlets and outlets and elsewhere as indicated.

G. Install fire and smoke dampers, with fusible links, according to manufacturer's UL-approved written instructions. Install fire and smoke dampers where ducts and air transfer openings create breaks in the smoke barrier IAW the HVAC smoke control system.



H. Where the installation of a smoke control damper will interfere with the operation of a required smoke control system, approved alternate protection shall be utilized. All required operational modes and damper options shall be coordinated with smoke control system.

I. Install duct silencers rigidly to ducts.

J. Install duct access doors to allow for inspecting, adjusting, and maintaining accessories and terminal units as follows:

1. On both sides of duct coils. 2. Downstream from volume dampers and equipment. 3. Adjacent to fire or smoke dampers, providing access to reset or reinstall fusible links. 4. To interior of ducts for cleaning; before and after each change in direction, at maximum

15-m spacing. 5. On sides of ducts where adequate clearance is available.

K. Install the following sizes for duct-mounted, rectangular access doors:

1. One-Hand or Inspection Access: 200 by 125 mm. 2. Two-Hand Access: 300 by 150 mm. 3. Head and Hand Access: 460 by 250 mm. 4. Head and Shoulders Access: 530 by 355 mm. 5. Body Access: 635 by 355 mm. 6. Body Plus Ladder Access: 635 by 430 mm.

L. Install the following sizes for duct-mounted, round access doors:

1. One-Hand or Inspection Access: 200 mm in diameter. 2. Two-Hand Access: 250 mm in diameter. 3. Head and Hand Access: 300 mm in diameter. 4. Head and Shoulders Access: 460 mm in diameter. 5. Body Access: 600 mm in diameter.

M. Label access doors according to Division 15 Section "Mechanical Identification."

N. Install flexible connectors immediately adjacent to equipment in ducts associated with fans and motorized equipment supported by vibration isolators.

O. For fans developing static pressures of 1250 Pa and higher, cover flexible connectors with loaded vinyl sheet held in place with metal straps.

P. Connect terminal units to supply ducts directly or with maximum 300-mm lengths of flexible duct. Do not use flexible ducts to change directions.

Q. Connect diffusers to low pressure ducts with maximum 3600-mm lengths of flexible duct clamped or strapped in place. Flexible ducts greater than 1600-mm in length shall be provided with intermediate support. Intermediate support straps shall be vertical after installation.

R. Flexible ductwork shall not cross the boundaries separating building pressurization zones.



S. Connect flexible ducts to metal ducts with draw bands.

T. Install duct test holes where indicated and required for testing and balancing purposes.

3.2 ADJUSTING

A. Adjust duct accessories for proper settings.

B. Adjust fire and smoke dampers for proper action.

C. Final positioning of manual-volume dampers is specified in Division 15 Section "Testing, Adjusting, and Balancing."



POWER VENTILATORS SECTION 15838 - 1

SECTION 15838 - POWER VENTILATORS

PART 1 - GENERAL

1.1 SUMMARY


1. Utility set fans. 2. Centrifugal roof ventilators. 3. Axial roof ventilators. 4. Upblast propeller roof exhaust fans. 5. Centrifugal wall ventilators. 6. In-line centrifugal fans.

1.2 PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS

A. Project Altitude: Base air ratings on actual site elevations.

B. Operating Limits: Classify according to AMCA 99.

1.3 SUBMITTALS

A. Product Data: Include rated capacities, furnished specialties, and accessories for each type of product indicated and include the following:

1. Certified fan performance curves with system operating conditions indicated. 2. Certified fan sound-power ratings. 3. Motor ratings and electrical characteristics, plus motor and electrical accessories. 4. Material thickness and finishes, including color charts. 5. Dampers, including housings, linkages, and operators. 6. Roof curbs. 7. Fan speed controllers.

B. Shop Drawings: Detail equipment assemblies and indicate dimensions, weights, loads, required clearances, method of field assembly, components, and location and size of each field connection.

1. Wiring Diagrams: Power, signal, and control wiring. 2. Design Calculations: Calculate requirements for selecting vibration isolators and seismic

restraints and for designing vibration isolation bases. 3. Vibration Isolation Base Details: Detail fabrication, including anchorages and

attachments to structure and to supported equipment. Include auxiliary motor slides and rails, and base weights.



C. Coordination Drawings: Reflected ceiling plans and other details, drawn to scale, on which the following items are shown and coordinated with each other, based on input from installers of the items involved:

1. Roof framing and support members relative to duct penetrations. 2. Ceiling suspension assembly members. 3. Size and location of initial access modules for acoustical tile. 4. Ceiling-mounted items including light fixtures, diffusers, grilles, speakers, sprinklers,

access panels, and special moldings.

D. Field quality-control test reports.

E. Operation and Maintenance Data: For power ventilators to include in emergency, operation, and maintenance manuals.


A. Electrical Components, Devices, and Accessories: Listed and labeled as defined in NFPA 70, Article 100, by a testing agency acceptable to authorities having jurisdiction, and marked for intended use.

B. Listing and Labeling: Provide electrically operated fixtures in this Section that are listed and labeled in accordance with the National Electric Code, Article 100.

C. AMCA Compliance: Products shall comply with performance requirements and shall be licensed to use the AMCA-Certified Ratings Seal.

D. NEMA Compliance: Motors and electrical accessories shall comply with NEMA standards.

E. UL Standard: Power ventilators shall comply with UL 705.

1.5 DELIVERY, STORAGE, AND HANDLING

A. Deliver fans as factory-assembled unit, to the extent allowable by shipping limitations, with protective crating and covering.

B. Disassemble and reassemble units, as required for moving to final location, according to manufacturer's written instructions.

C. Lift and support units with manufacturer's designated lifting or supporting points.

1.6 COORDINATION

A. Coordinate size and location of structural-steel support members.



B. Coordinate size and location of concrete bases. Cast anchor-bolt inserts into bases. Concrete, reinforcement, and formwork requirements are specified in Division 3 Section "Cast-in-Place Concrete."

C. Coordinate installation of roof curbs, equipment supports, and roof penetrations. These items are specified in Division 7 Section "Roof Accessories."

1.7 EXTRA MATERIALS


1. Belts: One set for each belt-driven unit.

PART 2 - PRODUCTS

2.1 UTILITY SET FANS

A. Description: Belt-driven centrifugal fans consisting of housing, wheel, fan shaft, bearings, motor and disconnect switch, drive assembly, and accessories.

B. Housing: Fabricated of steel with side sheets fastened with a deep lock seam or welded to scroll sheets.

1. Housing Discharge Arrangement: Adjustable to eight standard positions.

C. Fan Wheels: Single-width, single inlet; welded to cast-iron or cast-steel hub and spun-steel inlet cone, with hub keyed to shaft.

1. Blade Materials: Aluminum. 2. Blade Type: Backward inclined or Forward curved. 3. Spark-Resistant Construction: AMCA 99. 4. When possible the use of sealed bearings is encouraged.

D. Fan Shaft: Turned, ground, and polished steel; keyed to wheel hub.

E. Shaft Bearings: Prelubricated and sealed, self-aligning, pillow-block-type ball bearings with ABMA 9, L50 of 200,000 hours.

F. Belt Drives: Factory mounted, with final alignment and belt adjustment made after installation.

1. Service Factor Based on Fan Motor Size: 1.5. 2. Motor Pulleys:

a. Multiple-Belt Drives: Fixed diameter pulley shall be required for all multiple-belt

drives. Adjustable sheave used for airflow balancing shall be removed and



replaced with a fixed diameter sheave of the appropriate size after balancing is complete.

b. Single-belt Drives: Adjustable sheave acceptable, however fixed pitch preferred. 3. Belts: Oil resistant, nonsparking, and nonstatic; matched sets for multiple belt drives. 4. Belt Guards: Fabricate of steel for motors mounted on outside of fan cabinet.

G. Accessories:

1. Inlet and Outlet: Flanged. 2. Companion Flanges: Rolled flanges for duct connections of same material as housing. 3. Backdraft Dampers: Gravity actuated with counterweight and interlocking aluminum

blades with felt edges in steel frame installed on fan discharge. 4. Access Door: Gasketed door in scroll with latch-type handles. 5. Scroll Dampers: Single-blade damper installed at fan scroll top with adjustable linkage. 6. Inlet Screens: Removable wire mesh. 7. Drain Connections: NPS 3/4 (DN 20) threaded coupling drain connection installed at

lowest point of housing. 8. Weather Hoods: Weather resistant with stamped vents over motor and drive

compartment.

H. Coatings: Powder-baked enamel.

2.2 CENTRIFUGAL ROOF VENTILATORS

A. Description: Direct- or belt-driven centrifugal fans consisting of housing, wheel, fan shaft, bearings, motor and disconnect switch, drive assembly, curb base, and accessories.

B. When possible the use of sealed bearings is encouraged.

C. Housing: Removable, spun-aluminum, dome top and outlet baffle; square, one-piece, aluminum base with venturi inlet cone.

1. Upblast Units: Provide spun-aluminum discharge baffle to direct discharge air upward, with rain and snow drains.

2. Hinged Subbase: Galvanized-steel hinged arrangement permitting service and maintenance.

D. Fan Wheels: Aluminum hub and wheel with backward-inclined blades.

E. Belt-Driven Drive Assembly: Resiliently mounted to housing, with the following features:

1. Fan Shaft: Turned, ground, and polished steel; keyed to wheel hub. 2. Shaft Bearings: Permanently lubricated, permanently sealed, self-aligning ball bearings. 3. Pulleys: Cast-iron fixed diameter sheaves required for all multiple-belt systems. 4. Fan and motor isolated from exhaust airstream.

F. Accessories:



1. Variable-Speed Controller: Solid-state control to reduce speed from 100 to less than 50 percent.

2. Disconnect Switch: Nonfusible type, with thermal-overload protection mounted inside fan housing, factory wired through an internal aluminum conduit.

3. Bird Screens: Removable, 13-mm (1/2-inch) mesh, aluminum or brass wire. 4. Dampers: Counterbalanced, parallel-blade, backdraft dampers mounted in curb base;

factory set to close when fan stops. 5. Motorized Dampers: Parallel-blade dampers mounted in curb base with electric actuator;

wired to close when fan stops.

G. Roof Curbs: Galvanized steel; mitered and welded corners; 40-mm (1-1/2-inch) thick, rigid, fiberglass insulation adhered to inside walls; and 40-mm (1-1/2-inch) wood nailer. Size as required to suit roof opening and fan base.

1. Configuration: Built-in raised cant and mounting flange. 2. Overall Height: 300-mm (12-inches). 3. Hinged Subbase: Galvanized steel hinge arrangement permitting service and

maintenance.

2.3 AXIAL ROOF VENTILATORS

A. Description: Direct- or belt-driven axial fans consisting of housing, wheel, fan shaft, bearings, motor and disconnect switch, drive assembly, curb base, and accessories.


C. Housing: Heavy-gage, removable, spun-aluminum, dome top and outlet baffle; square, one-piece, hinged, aluminum base.

1. Hinged Subbase: Galvanized-steel hinged arrangement permitting service and maintenance.

D. Fan Wheel: Aluminum hub and blades.


1. Fan Shaft: Turned, ground, and polished steel; keyed to wheel hub. 2. Shaft Bearings: Permanently lubricated, permanently sealed, self-aligning ball bearings. 3. Pulleys: Cast-iron fixed sheave required for all multiple-belt drive systems. Adjustable

pitch motor pulleys acceptable for single-belt drive systems, however fixed pitch preferred.

F. Accessories:

1. Disconnect Switch: Nonfusible type, with thermal-overload protection mounted inside fan housing, factory wired through an internal aluminum conduit.

2. Bird Screens: Removable,13-mm (1/2-inch) mesh, aluminum or brass wire.



3. Dampers: Counterbalanced, parallel-blade, backdraft dampers mounted in curb base; factory set to close when fan stops.

4. Motorized Dampers: Parallel-blade dampers mounted in curb base with electric actuator; wired to close when fan stops.

G. Roof Curbs: Galvanized steel; mitered and welded corners; 40-mm (1-1/2-inch) thick, rigid, fiberglass insulation adhered to inside walls; and 40-mm (1-1/2-inch) wood nailer. Size as required to suit roof opening and fan base.

1. Configuration: Built-in raised cant and mounting flange. 2. Overall Height: 300-mm (12-inches). 3. Hinged Subbase: Galvanized steel hinged arrangement permitting service and

maintenance.

2.4 UPBLAST PROPELLER ROOF EXHAUST FANS

A. Description: Direct- or belt-driven propeller fans consisting of housing, wheel, butterfly-type discharge damper, fan shaft, bearings, motor and disconnect switch, drive assembly, curb base, and accessories.


C. Wind Band, Fan Housing, and Base: Reinforced and braced aluminum, containing aluminum butterfly dampers and rain trough, motor and drive assembly, and fan wheel.

1. Damper Rods: Steel with [bronze] [nylon] bearings. 2. Hinged Subbase: Galvanized-steel hinged arrangement permitting service and

maintenance.

D. Fan Wheel: Replaceable, extruded-aluminum, airfoil blades fastened to cast-aluminum hub; factory set pitch angle of blades.

E. Belt-Driven Drive Assembly: Resiliently mounted to housing; weatherproof housing of same material as fan housing with the following features:

1. Fan Shaft: Turned, ground, and polished steel; keyed to wheel hub. 2. Shaft Bearings: Prelubricated and sealed, self-aligning, pillow-block-type ball bearings. 3. Pulleys: Cast-iron fixed sheave required for all multiple-belt drive systems. Adjustable


4. Motor Mount: On outside of fan cabinet, adjustable base for belt tensioning.

F. Roof Curbs: Galvanized steel; mitered and welded corners; 40-mm (1-1/2-inch) thick, rigid, fiberglass insulation adhered to inside walls; and 40-mm (1-1/2-inch) wood nailer. Size as required to suit roof opening and fan base.

1. Configuration: Built-in raised cant and mounting flange. 2. Overall Height: 300 mm (12-inches).



3. Hinged Subbase: Galvanized steel hinged arrangement permitting service and maintenance.

2.5 CENTRIFUGAL WALL VENTILATORS

A. Description: Direct- or belt-driven centrifugal fans consisting of housing, wheel, fan shaft, bearings, motor and disconnect switch, drive assembly, and accessories.


C. Housing: Heavy-gage, removable, spun-aluminum, dome top and outlet baffle; venturi inlet cone.

D. Fan Wheel: Aluminum hub and wheel with backward-inclined blades.


1. Fan Shaft: Turned, ground, and polished steel; keyed to wheel hub. 2. Shaft Bearings: Permanently lubricated, permanently sealed, self-aligning ball bearings. 3. Pulleys: Cast-iron fixed sheave required for all multiple-belt drive systems. Adjustable


4. Fan and motor isolated from exhaust airstream.

F. Accessories:


2. Disconnect Switch: Nonfusible type, with thermal-overload protection mounted inside fan housing, factory wired through internal aluminum conduit.

3. Bird Screens: Removable, 13-mm (1/2-inch) mesh, aluminum or brass wire. 4. Wall Grille: Ring type for flush mounting. 5. Dampers: Counterbalanced, parallel-blade, backdraft dampers mounted in wall sleeve;

factory set to close when fan stops. 6. Motorized Dampers: Parallel-blade dampers mounted in curb base with electric actuator;

wired to close when fan stops.

2.6 IN-LINE CENTRIFUGAL FANS

A. Description: In-line, belt-driven centrifugal fans consisting of housing, wheel, outlet guide vanes, fan shaft, bearings, motor and disconnect switch, drive assembly, mounting brackets, and accessories.


C. Housing: Split, spun aluminum with aluminum straightening vanes, inlet and outlet flanges, and support bracket adaptable to floor, side wall, or ceiling mounting.



D. Direct-Driven Units: Motor mounted in airstream, factory wired to disconnect switch located on outside of fan housing.

E. Belt-Driven Units: Motor mounted on adjustable base, with fixed sheave required for all multiple-belt drive systems, enclosure around belts within fan housing, and lubricating tubes from fan bearings extended to outside of fan housing.

F. Fan Wheels: Aluminum, airfoil blades welded to aluminum hub.

G. Accessories:


2. Volume-Control Damper: Manually operated with quadrant lock, located in fan outlet. 3. Companion Flanges: For inlet and outlet duct connections. 4. Fan Guards: 13- by 25-mm (1/2- by 1-inch) mesh of galvanized steel in removable

frame. Provide guard for inlet or outlet for units not connected to ductwork. 5. Motor and Drive Cover (Belt Guard): Epoxy-coated steel.

2.7 MOTORS

A. Comply with requirements in Division 15 Section "Motors."

B. Enclosure Type: Totally enclosed, fan cooled.

C. When possible the use of sealed bearings is encouraged.

2.8 SOURCE QUALITY CONTROL

A. Sound-Power Level Ratings: Comply with AMCA 301, "Methods for Calculating Fan Sound Ratings from Laboratory Test Data." Factory test fans according to AMCA 300, "Reverberant Room Method for Sound Testing of Fans." Label fans with the AMCA-Certified Ratings Seal.

B. Fan Performance Ratings: Establish flow rate, pressure, power, air density, speed of rotation, and efficiency by factory tests and ratings according to AMCA 210, "Laboratory Methods of Testing Fans for Rating."

PART 3 - EXECUTION

3.1 INSTALLATION

A. Install power ventilators level and plumb.

B. Support units using spring isolators having a static deflection of 25 mm (1-inch). Vibration- and seismic-control devices are specified in Division 15 Section "Mechanical Vibration and Seismic Controls."



1. Secure vibration and seismic controls to concrete bases using anchor bolts cast in concrete base.

C. Install floor-mounting units on concrete bases. Concrete, reinforcement, and formwork requirements are specified in Division 3 Section "Cast-in-Place Concrete."

D. Install floor-mounting units on concrete bases designed to withstand, without damage to equipment, the seismic force required by code. Concrete, reinforcement, and formwork requirements are specified in Division 3 Section "Cast-in-Place Concrete."

E. Secure roof-mounting fans to roof curbs with cadmium-plated hardware. Refer to Division 7 Section "Roof Accessories" for installation of roof curbs.

F. Ceiling Units: Suspend units from structure; use steel wire or metal straps.

G. Support suspended units from structure using threaded steel rods and spring hangers having a static deflection of 25-mm (1-inch). Vibration-control devices are specified in Division 15 Section "Mechanical Vibration and Seismic Controls."

H. Install units with clearances for service and maintenance.

I. Label units according to requirements specified in Division 15 Section "Mechanical Identification."

3.2 CONNECTIONS

A. Duct installation and connection requirements are specified in other Division 15 Sections. Drawings indicate general arrangement of ducts and duct accessories. Make final duct connections with flexible connectors. Flexible connectors are specified in Division 15 Section "Duct Accessories."

B. Install ducts adjacent to power ventilators to allow service and maintenance.

C. Ground equipment.

D. Tighten electrical connectors and terminals according to manufacturer's published torque-tightening values. If manufacturer's torque values are not indicated, use those specified in UL 486A and UL 486B.

3.3 LUBRICATION

A. Moveable parts of dampers and related operating hardware shall be lubricated in accordance with manufacturer’s printed instructions and shall operate smoothly and quietly without binding.




A. Perform the following field tests and inspections and prepare test reports:

1. Verify that shipping, blocking, and bracing are removed. 2. Verify that unit is secure on mountings and supporting devices and that connections to

ducts and electrical components are complete. Verify that proper thermal-overload protection is installed in motors, starters, and disconnect switches.

3. Verify that cleaning and adjusting are complete. 4. Disconnect fan drive from motor, verify proper motor rotation direction, and verify fan

wheel free rotation and smooth bearing operation. Reconnect fan drive system, align sheaves so that a straight edge makes four-point contact when placed against the sheave faces. Maximum misalignment permissible <1/10 “/foot of shaft’s center-lines distance

5. Install belt guards. 6. Adjust belt tension. 7. Adjust damper linkages for proper damper operation. 8. Verify lubrication for bearings and other moving parts. 9. Verify that manual and automatic volume control and fire and smoke dampers in

connected ductwork systems are in fully open position. 10. Disable automatic temperature-control operators, energize motor and adjust fan to

indicated rpm, and measure and record motor voltage and amperage. 11. Shut unit down and reconnect automatic temperature-control operators. 12. Remove and replace malfunctioning units and retest as specified above.

B. Test and adjust controls and safeties. Replace damaged and malfunctioning controls and equipment.

3.5 ADJUSTMENTS

A. Adjust damper linkages for proper damper operation.

B. Adjust belt tension.

C. Refer to Division 15 Section "Testing, Adjusting, and Balancing" for adjustment procedures.

D. Replace fan and motor pulleys as required to achieve design airflow.

E. Lubricate factory unlubricated, unsealed bearings and other moving parts. Sealed bearings do not require lubrication.

3.6 ACCEPTANCE

A. Reference and coordinate all requirements with Sections 01771 Closeout Procedures, 01781 Operations and Maintenance Data, and 01811 Start-Up & Commissioning.

3.7 DEMONSTRATION



A. Train Government maintenance personnel on procedures and schedules for starting and stopping, troubleshooting, servicing, and maintaining equipment and schedules. Schedule training with Government, through COR, with at least seven days’ advance notice.



DIFFUSERS, REGISTERS, AND GRILLES SECTION 15855 - 1

SECTION 15855 - DIFFUSERS, REGISTERS, AND GRILLES

PART 1 - GENERAL

1.1 SUMMARY

A. This Section includes ceiling- and wall-mounted diffusers, registers, and grilles. Supply diffusers and returns shall be arranged to provide a minimum ventilation effectiveness of 80 percent. Supply diffusers shall have a minimum ADPI of 80 with T0.25 /L between 0.9 and 1.2.


1. Division 10 Section "Louvers and Vents" for fixed and adjustable louvers and wall vents, whether or not they are connected to ducts.

2. Division 15 Section "Duct Accessories" for fire and smoke dampers and volume-control dampers not integral to diffusers, registers, and grilles.

1.2 SUBMITTALS

A. Product Data: For each model indicate, include the following:

1. Data Sheet: For each type of air outlet and inlet, and accessory furnished; indicate construction, finish, and mounting details.

2. Performance Data: Include throw and drop, static-pressure drop, and noise ratings for each type of air outlet and inlet.

3. Schedule of diffusers, registers, and grilles indicating drawing designation, room location, quantity, model number, size, and accessories furnished.

4. Assembly Drawing: For each type of air outlet and inlet; indicate materials and methods of assembly of components.

B. Schedule of supply diffusers showing values of ADPI and T0.25 /L

C. Samples for Initial Selection: Manufacturer’s color charts showing the full range of colors available for diffusers, registers, and grilles with factory-applied color finishes.

1.3 Samples for Verification: Of diffusers, registers, and grilles, in manufacturer’s standard sizes, showing the full range of colors. Prepare Samples from the same material to be used for the Work.


A. Product Options: Drawings and schedules shall indicate specific requirements of diffusers, registers, and grilles and are based on the specific requirements of the systems indicated. Other manufacturer’s products with equal performance characteristics may be considered if



calculations confirm they meet the performance requirements. Refer to Division 1 Section “Substitutions.”

B. NFPA Compliance: Install diffusers, registers, and grilles according to NFPA 90A, “Standard for the Installation of Air Conditioning and Ventilating Systems.”

PART 2 - PRODUCTS

2.1 GRILLES AND REGISTERS

A. Adjustable Bar Grille or Register:

1. Material: Aluminum. 2. Finish: Baked enamel, white. 3. Face Blade Arrangement: Fixed horizontal or Fixed vertical spaced 76 mm apart. 4. Frame: 32 mm wide. 5. Mounting: Countersunk screw or Lay in. 6. Damper Type: Adjustable opposed-blade assembly.

2.2 LINEAR SLOT OUTLETS

A. Linear Bar Grille or Diffuser:

1. Material: Aluminum. 2. Finish: Baked enamel, white. 3. Wide Core Spacing Arrangement: 3-mm- thick blades spaced 13 mm apart, 15-degree

deflection. 4. Frame: 32 mm wide. 5. Mounting: Countersunk screw. 6. Damper Type: None.

B. Linear Slot Diffuser:

1. Material - Shell: Steel noninsulated. 2. Material - Pattern Controller and Tees: Aluminum. 3. Finish - Face and Shell: Baked enamel, black. 4. Finish - Pattern Controller: Baked enamel, black. 5. Finish - Tees: Baked enamel, white. 6. Slot Width: See schedule on drawings. 7. Number of Slots: See schedule on drawings. 8. Length: See schedule on drawings. 9. Accessories: T-bar clips on both sides.

2.3 CEILING DIFFUSER OUTLETS

A. Rectangular and Square Ceiling Diffusers:



1. Material: Aluminum. 2. Finish: Baked enamel, white. 3. Face Size: See schedule on drawings. 4. Face Style: Three cone. 5. Mounting: T-bar. 6. Pattern: Fixed. 7. Dampers: Radial opposed blade.

2.4 SOURCE QUALITY CONTROL

A. Verification of Performance: Rate diffusers, registers, and grilles according to ASHRAE 70, "Method of Testing for Rating the Performance of Air Outlets and Inlets."

PART 3 - EXECUTION

3.1 EXAMINATION

A. Examine areas where diffusers, registers, and grilles are to be installed for compliance with requirements for installation tolerances and other conditions affecting performance of equipment.

B. Proceed with installation only after unsatisfactory conditions have been corrected.

3.2 INSTALLATION

A. Install diffusers, registers, and grilles level and plumb.

B. Ceiling-Mounted Outlets and Inlets: Drawings indicate general arrangement of ducts, fittings, and accessories. Air outlet and inlet locations have been indicated to achieve design requirements for air volume, noise criteria, airflow pattern, throw, and pressure drop. Make final locations where indicated, as much as practicable. For units installed in lay-in ceiling panels, locate units in the center of panel. Where architectural features or other items conflict with installation, notify COR for a determination of final location.

C. Install diffusers, registers, and grilles with airtight connections to ducts and to allow service and maintenance of dampers, air extractors, and fire dampers.

3.3 ADJUSTING

A. After installation, adjust diffusers, registers, and grilles to air patterns indicated, or as directed, before starting air balancing.



TESTING, ADJUSTING, AND BALANCING SECTION 15990 - 1

SECTION 15990 - TESTING, ADJUSTING, AND BALANCING

PART 1 - GENERAL

1.1 SUMMARY

A. This Section includes testing, adjusting, and balancing HVAC systems to produce design objectives, including the following:

1. Balancing airflow and water flow within distribution systems, including submains, branches, and terminals, to indicated quantities according to specified tolerances.

2. Adjusting total HVAC systems to provide indicated quantities. 3. Measuring electrical performance of HVAC equipment. 4. Setting quantitative performance of HVAC equipment. 5. Verifying that automatic control devices are functioning properly. 6. Measuring sound and vibration. 7. Reporting results of the activities and procedures specified in this Section.


1. Testing and adjusting requirements unique to particular systems and equipment are included in the Sections that specify those systems and equipment.

2. Field quality-control testing to verify that workmanship quality for system and equipment installation is specified in system and equipment Sections.

1.2 DEFINITIONS

A. Adjust: To regulate fluid flow rate and air patterns at the terminal equipment, such as to reduce fan speed or adjust a damper.

B. Balance: To proportion flows within the distribution system, including submains, branches, and terminals, according to design quantities.

C. Draft: A current of air, when referring to localized effect caused by one or more factors of high air velocity, low ambient temperature, or direction of airflow, whereby more heat is withdrawn from a person's skin than is normally dissipated.

D. Procedure: An approach to and execution of a sequence of work operations to yield repeatable results.

E. Report Forms: Test data sheets for recording test data in logical order.

F. Static Head: The pressure due to the weight of the fluid above the point of measurement. In a closed system, static head is equal on both sides of the pump.



G. Suction Head: The height of fluid surface above the centerline of the pump on the suction side.

H. System Effect: A phenomenon that can create undesired or unpredicted conditions that cause reduced capacities in all or part of a system.

I. System Effect Factors: Allowances used to calculate a reduction of the performance ratings of a fan when installed under conditions different from those presented when the fan was performance tested.

J. Terminal: A point where the controlled medium, such as fluid or energy, enters or leaves the distribution system.

K. Test: A procedure to determine quantitative performance of a system or equipment.

L. Testing, Adjusting, and Balancing Agent: The entity responsible for performing and reporting the testing, adjusting, and balancing procedures.

M. AABC: Associated Air Balance Council.

N. AMCA: Air Movement and Control Association.

O. CTI: Cooling Tower Institute.

P. NEBB: National Environmental Balancing Bureau.

Q. SMACNA: Sheet Metal and Air Conditioning Contractors' National Association.

1.3 SUBMITTALS

A. Qualification Data: Within 30 days from Contractor’s Notice to Proceed with construction, submit 4 copies of evidence that testing, adjusting, and balancing agent meets the qualifications specified in “Quality Assurance” Article.

B. Contract Documents Examination Report: Within 45 days from Contractor’s Notice to Proceed with construction, submit 4 copies of Contract Documents review report as specific in Part 3.

C. Strategies and Procedures Plan: Within 90 days from Contractor’s Notice to Proceed, submit 4 copies of testing, adjusting, and balancing strategies and step-by-step procedures as specified in Part 3 “Preparation Article. Include a complete set of report forms intended for use on this Project.

D. Certified Testing, Adjusting, and Balancing Reports: Submit two copies of reports prepared, as specified in this Section, on forms conforming to requirements of “Quality Assurance” Article.




A. Agent Qualifications: Engage a testing, adjusting, and balancing agent certified by either AABC or NEBB.

B. Perform testing, adjusting and balancing in accordance with ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 111-1988 – “Practices for Measurement, Testing, Adjusting, and Balancing of Building Ventilation, Air-Conditioning, and Refrigeration Systems.”

C. Testing, Adjusting, and Balancing Conference: Meet with the Owner's and the Architect's representatives on approval of the testing, adjusting, and balancing strategies and procedures plan to develop a mutual understanding of the details. Ensure the participation of testing, adjusting, and balancing team members, equipment manufacturers' authorized service representatives, HVAC controls Installer, and other support personnel. Provide 7 days' advance notice of scheduled meeting time and location.

1. Agenda Items: Include at least the following:

a. Submittal distribution requirements. b. Contract Documents examination report. c. Testing, adjusting, and balancing plan. d. Work schedule and Project site access requirements. e. Coordination and cooperation of trades and subcontractors. f. Coordination of documentation and communication flow.

D. Certification of Testing, Adjusting, and Balancing Reports: Certify the testing, adjusting, and balancing field data reports. This certification includes the following:

1. Review field data reports to validate accuracy of data and to prepare certified testing, adjusting, and balancing reports.

2. Certify that the testing, adjusting, and balancing team complied with the approved testing, adjusting, and balancing plan and the procedures specified and referenced in this Specification.

E. Testing, Adjusting, and Balancing Reports: Use standard forms from AABC's "National Standards for Testing, Adjusting, and Balancing" or NEBB's "Procedural Standards for Testing, Adjusting, and Balancing of Environmental Systems" each time a testing, adjusting, and balancing report is created.

F. Instrumentation Type, Quantity, and Accuracy: As described in AABC national standards if AABC report form is used or as described in NEBB's "Procedural Standards for Testing, Adjusting, and Balancing of Environmental Systems," Section II, "Required Instrumentation for NEBB Certification" if NEBB report form is used.

G. Instrumentation Calibration: Calibrate instruments at least every 6 months or more frequently if required by the instrument manufacturer.



1.5 COORDINATION

A. Coordinate the efforts of factory-authorized service representatives for systems and equipment, HVAC controls installers, and other mechanics to operate HVAC systems and equipment to support and assist testing, adjusting, and balancing activities.

B. Obtain all Division 15 shop drawings of systems to be tested, adjusted and balanced in order to become familiar with installation prior to the day when testing, adjusting and balancing is performed.

C. Notice: Provide 7 days' advance notice for each test. Include scheduled test dates and times.

D. Perform testing, adjusting, and balancing after leakage and pressure tests on air and water distribution systems have been satisfactorily completed.

PART 2 - PRODUCTS (Not Applicable)

PART 3 - EXECUTION

3.1 EXECUTION

A. The Systems Engineer/Condition Monitoring Office/Predictive Testing Group should inspect the installation during acceptance testing using advanced technologies such as Infrared Imaging and Ultrasonic Listening.

3.2 EXAMINATION

A. Examine Contract Documents to become familiar with project requirements and to discover conditions in systems' designs that may preclude proper testing, adjusting, and balancing of systems and equipment.

1. Contract Documents are defined in the General and Supplementary Conditions of the Contract.

2. Verify that balancing devices, such as test ports, gage cocks, thermometer wells, flow-control devices, balancing valves and fittings, and manual volume dampers, are required by the Contract Documents. Verify that quantities and locations of these balancing devices are accessible and appropriate for effective balancing and for efficient system and equipment operation.

B. Examine approved submittal data of HVAC systems and equipment.

C. Examine project record documents described in Division 1 Section "Project Record Documents."



D. Examine Architect's and Engineer's design data, including HVAC system descriptions, statements of design assumptions for environmental conditions and systems' output, and statements of philosophies and assumptions about HVAC system and equipment controls.

E. Examine equipment performance data, including fan and pump curves. Relate performance data to project conditions and requirements, including system effects that can create undesired or unpredicted conditions that cause reduced capacities in all or part of a system. Calculate system effect factors to reduce the performance ratings of HVAC equipment when installed under conditions different from those presented when the equipment was performance tested at the factory. To calculate system effects for air systems, use tables and charts found in AMCA 201, "Fans and Systems," Sections 7 through 10; or in SMACNA's "HVAC Systems--Duct Design," Sections 5 and 6. Compare this data with the design data and installed conditions.

F. Examine system and equipment installations to verify that they are complete and that testing, cleaning, adjusting, and commissioning specified in individual Specification Sections have been performed.

G. Examine system and equipment test reports.

H. Examine HVAC system and equipment installations to verify that indicated balancing devices, such as test ports, gage cocks, thermometer wells, flow-control devices, balancing valves and fittings, and manual volume dampers, are properly installed, and their locations are accessible and appropriate for effective balancing and for efficient system and equipment operation.

I. Examine systems for functional deficiencies that cannot be corrected by adjusting and balancing.

J. Examine air-handling equipment to ensure clean filters have been installed, bearings are greased, belts are aligned and tight, and equipment with functioning controls is ready for operation.

K. Examine terminal units, such as variable-air-volume boxes and mixing boxes, to verify that they are accessible and their controls are connected and functioning.

L. Examine plenum ceilings, utilized for supply air, to verify that they are airtight. Verify that pipe penetrations and other holes are sealed.

M. Examine strainers for clean screens and proper perforations.

N. Examine 3-way valves for proper installation for their intended function of diverting or mixing fluid flows.

O. Examine heat-transfer coils for correct piping connections and for clean and straight fins.

P. Examine open-piping-system pumps to ensure absence of entrained air in the suction piping.

Q. Examine equipment for installation and for properly operating safety interlocks and controls.



R. Examine automatic temperature system components to verify the following:

1. Dampers, valves, and other controlled devices operate by the intended controller. 2. Dampers and valves are in the position indicated by the controller. 3. Integrity of valves and dampers for free and full operation and for tightness of fully

closed and fully open positions. This includes dampers in multizone units, mixing boxes, and variable-air-volume terminals.

4. Automatic modulating and shutoff valves, including 2-way valves and 3-way mixing and diverting valves, are properly connected.

5. Thermostats and humidistats are located to avoid adverse effects of sunlight, drafts, and cold walls.

6. Sensors are located to sense only the intended conditions. 7. Sequence of operation for control modes is according to the Contract Documents. 8. Controller set points are set at design values. Observe and record system reactions to

changes in conditions. Record default set points if different from design values. 9. Interlocked systems are operating. 10. Changeover from heating to cooling mode occurs according to design values.

S. Report deficiencies discovered before and during performance of testing, adjusting, and balancing procedures.

3.3 PREPARATION

A. Prepare a testing, adjusting, and balancing plan that includes strategies and step-by-step procedures.

B. Complete system readiness checks and prepare system readiness reports. Verify the following:

1. Permanent electrical power wiring is complete. 2. Hydronic systems are filled, clean, and free of air. 3. Automatic temperature-control systems are operational. 4. Equipment and duct access doors are securely closed. 5. Balance, smoke, and fire dampers are open. 6. Isolating and balancing valves are open and control valves are operational. 7. Ceilings are installed in critical areas where air-pattern adjustments are required and

access to balancing devices is provided. 8. Windows and doors can be closed so design conditions for system operations can be met.

3.4 GENERAL TESTING AND BALANCING PROCEDURES

A. Perform testing and balancing procedures on each system according to the procedures contained in AABC national standards or NEBB's "Procedural Standards for Testing, Adjusting, and Balancing of Environmental Systems" and this Section.



B. Cut insulation, ducts, pipes, and equipment cabinets for installation of test probes to the minimum extent necessary to allow adequate performance of procedures. After testing and balancing, close probe holes and patch insulation with new materials identical to those removed. Restore vapor barrier and finish according to the insulation Specifications for this Project.

C. Mark equipment settings with paint or other suitable, permanent identification material, including damper-control positions, valve indicators, fan-speed-control levers, and similar controls and devices, to show final settings.

3.5 FUNDAMENTAL AIR SYSTEMS' BALANCING PROCEDURES

A. Prepare test reports for both fans and outlets. Obtain manufacturer's outlet factors and recommended testing procedures. Crosscheck the summation of required outlet volumes with required fan volumes.

B. Prepare schematic diagrams of systems' "as-built" duct layouts.

C. For variable-air-volume systems, develop a plan to simulate diversity.

D. Determine the best locations in main and branch ducts for accurate duct airflow measurements.

E. Check the airflow patterns from the outside-air louvers and dampers and the return- and exhaust-air dampers, through the supply-fan discharge and mixing dampers.

F. Locate start-stop and disconnect switches, electrical interlocks, and motor starters.

G. Verify that motor starters are equipped with properly sized thermal protection.

H. Check dampers for proper position to achieve desired airflow path.

I. Check for airflow blockages.

J. Check condensate drains for proper connections and functioning.

K. Check for proper sealing of air-handling unit components.

3.6 CONSTANT-VOLUME AIR SYSTEMS' BALANCING PROCEDURES

A. The procedures in this Article apply to constant-volume supply-, return-, and exhaust-air systems. Additional procedures are required for variable-air-volume supply-air systems. These additional procedures are specified in other articles in this Section.



B. Adjust fans to deliver total design airflows within the maximum allowable rpm listed by the fan manufacturer.

1. Measure fan static pressures to determine actual static pressure as follows:

a. Measure outlet static pressure as far downstream from the fan as practicable and upstream from restrictions in ducts such as elbows and transitions.

b. Measure static pressure directly at the fan outlet or through the flexible connection. c. Measure inlet static pressure of single-inlet fans in the inlet duct as near the fan as

possible, upstream from flexible connection and downstream from duct restrictions.

d. Measure inlet static pressure of double-inlet fans through the wall of the plenum that houses the fan.

2. Measure static pressure across each air-handling unit component.

a. Simulate dirty filter operation and record the point at which maintenance personnel must change filters.

3. Measure static pressures entering and leaving other devices such as sound traps under final balanced conditions.

4. Compare design data with installed conditions to determine variations in design static pressures versus actual static pressures. Compare actual system effect factors with calculated system effect factors to identify where variations occur. Recommend corrective action to align design and actual conditions.

5. Adjust fan speed higher or lower than design with the approval of the Architect. Make required adjustments to pulley sizes, motor sizes, and electrical connections to accommodate fan-speed changes.

6. Do not make fan-speed adjustments that result in motor overload. Consult equipment manufacturers about fan-speed safety factors. Modulate dampers and measure fan-motor amperage to ensure no overload will occur. Measure amperage in full cooling, full heating, and economizer modes to determine the maximum required brake horsepower.

C. Adjust volume dampers for main duct, submain ducts, and major branch ducts to design airflows within specified tolerances.

1. Measure static pressure at a point downstream from the balancing damper and adjust volume dampers until the proper static pressure is achieved.

a. Where sufficient space in submains and branch ducts is unavailable for Pitot-tube traverse measurements, measure airflow at terminal outlets and inlets and calculate the total airflow for that zone.

2. Remeasure each submain and branch duct after all have been adjusted. Continue to adjust submains and branch ducts to design airflows within specified tolerances.



D. Measure terminal outlets and inlets without making adjustments.

1. Measure terminal outlets using a direct-reading hood or the outlet manufacturer's written instructions and calculating factors.

E. Adjust terminal outlets and inlets for each space to design airflows within specified tolerances of design values. Make adjustments using volume dampers rather than extractors and the dampers at the air terminals.

1. Adjust each outlet in the same room or space to within specified tolerances of design quantities without generating noise levels above the limitations prescribed by the Contract Documents.

2. Adjust patterns of adjustable outlets for proper distribution without drafts.

3.7 VARIABLE-AIR-VOLUME SYSTEMS' ADDITIONAL PROCEDURES

A. Compensating for Diversity: When the total airflow of all terminal units is more than the fan design airflow volume, place a selected number of terminal units at a maximum set-point airflow condition until the total airflow of the terminal units equals the design airflow of the fan. Select the reduced airflow terminal units so they are distributed evenly among the branch ducts.

B. Pressure-Independent, Variable-Air-Volume Systems: After the fan systems have been adjusted, adjust the variable-air-volume systems as follows:

1. Set outside-air dampers at minimum, and return- and exhaust-air dampers at a position that simulates full-cooling load.

2. Select the terminal unit that is most critical to the supply-fan airflow and static pressure. Measure static pressure. Adjust system static pressure so the entering static pressure for the critical terminal unit is not less than the sum of the terminal unit manufacturer's recommended minimum inlet static pressure plus the static pressure needed to overcome terminal-unit discharge duct losses.

3. Measure total system airflow. Adjust total supply air from 0 percent to +5 percent. Adjust total return air from 0 percent to -5 percent.

4. Set terminal units at maximum airflow and adjust controller or regulator to deliver the designed maximum airflow. Use the terminal unit manufacturer's written instructions to make this adjustment. When total airflow is correct, balance the air outlets downstream from terminal units as described for constant-volume air systems.

5. Set terminal units at minimum airflow and adjust controller or regulator to deliver the designed minimum airflow. Check air outlets for a proportional reduction in airflow as described for constant-volume air systems.

a. If air outlets are out of balance at minimum airflow, report the condition but leave the outlets balanced for maximum airflow.

6. Remeasure the return airflow to the fan while operating at maximum return airflow and minimum outside airflow. Adjust the fan and balance the return-air ducts and inlets as described for constant-volume air systems.



7. Measure static pressure at the most critical terminal unit and adjust the static-pressure controller at the main supply-air sensing station to ensure adequate static pressure is maintained at the most critical unit.

8. Record the final fan performance data.

3.8 FUNDAMENTAL PROCEDURES FOR HYDRONIC SYSTEMS

A. Prepare test reports with pertinent design data and number in sequence starting at pump to end of system. Check the sum of branch-circuit flows against approved pump flow rate. Correct variations that exceed plus or minus 5 percent.

B. Prepare schematic diagrams of systems' "as-built" piping layouts.

C. Prepare hydronic systems for testing and balancing according to the following, in addition to the general preparation procedures specified above:

1. Open all manual valves for maximum flow. 2. Check expansion tank liquid level. 3. Check makeup-water-station pressure gage for adequate pressure for highest vent. 4. Check flow-control valves for specified sequence of operation and set at design flow. 5. Set differential-pressure control valves at the specified differential pressure. Do not set at

fully closed position when pump is positive-displacement type, unless several terminal valves are kept open.

6. Set system controls so automatic valves are wide open to heat exchangers. 7. Check pump-motor load. If motor is overloaded, throttle main flow-balancing device so

motor nameplate rating is not exceeded. 8. Check air vents for a forceful liquid flow exiting from vents when manually operated.

3.9 HYDRONIC SYSTEMS' BALANCING PROCEDURES

A. Determine water flow at pumps. Use the following procedures, except for positive-displacement pumps:

Verify impeller size by operating the pump with the discharge valve closed. Verify with the pump manufacturer that this will not damage pump. Read pressure differential across the pump. Convert pressure to head and correct for differences in gage heights. Note the point on the manufacturer's pump curve at zero flow and confirm that the pump has the intended impeller size. 1. Check system resistance. With all valves open, read pressure differential across the

pump and mark the pump manufacturer's head-capacity curve. Adjust pump discharge valve until design water flow is achieved.

2. Verify pump-motor brake horsepower. Calculate the intended brake horsepower for the system based on the pump manufacturer's performance data. Compare calculated brake horsepower with nameplate data on the pump motor. Report conditions where actual amperage exceeds motor nameplate amperage.

3. Report flow rates that are not within plus or minus 5 percent of design.



B. Set calibrated balancing valves, if installed, at calculated presettings.

C. Measure flow at all stations and adjust, where necessary, to obtain first balance.

1. System components that have Cv rating or an accurately cataloged flow-pressure-drop relationship may be used as a flow-indicating device.

D. Measure flow at main balancing station and set main balancing device to achieve flow that is 5 percent greater than design flow.

E. Adjust balancing stations to within specified tolerances of design flow rate as follows:

1. Determine the balancing station with the highest percentage over design flow. 2. Adjust each station in turn, beginning with the station with the highest percentage over

design flow and proceeding to the station with the lowest percentage over design flow. 3. Record settings and mark balancing devices.

F. Measure pump flow rate and make final measurements of pump amperage, voltage, rpm, pump heads, and systems' pressures and temperatures, including outdoor-air temperature.

G. Measure the differential-pressure control valve settings existing at the conclusions of balancing.

3.10 VARIABLE-FLOW HYDRONIC SYSTEMS' ADDITIONAL PROCEDURES

A. Balance systems with automatic 2- and 3-way control valves by setting systems at maximum flow through heat-exchange terminals and proceed as specified above for hydronic systems.

3.11 PRIMARY-SECONDARY-FLOW HYDRONIC SYSTEMS' ADDITIONAL PROCEDURES

A. Balance the primary system crossover flow first, then balance the secondary system.

3.12 HEAT EXCHANGERS

A. Measure water flow through all circuits.

B. Adjust water flow to within specified tolerances.

C. Measure inlet and outlet water temperatures.

D. Record safety valve settings.

E. Verify operation of steam traps.



3.13 MOTORS

A. Motors, 1/2 HP and Larger: Test at final balanced conditions and record the following data:

1. Manufacturer, model, and serial numbers. 2. Motor horsepower rating. 3. Motor rpm. 4. Efficiency rating if high-efficiency motor. 5. Nameplate and measured voltage, each phase. 6. Nameplate and measured amperage, each phase. 7. Starter thermal-protection-element rating.

B. Motors Driven by Variable-Frequency Controllers: Test for proper operation at speeds varying from minimum to maximum. Test the manual bypass for the controller to prove proper operation. Record observations, including controller manufacturer, model and serial numbers, and nameplate data.

3.14 CHILLERS

A. Balance water flow through each evaporator and condenser to within specified tolerances of design flow with all pumps operating. With only one chiller operating in a multiple chiller installation, do not exceed the flow for the maximum tube velocity recommended by the chiller manufacturer. Measure and record the following data with each chiller operating at design conditions:

1. Evaporator water entering and leaving temperatures, pressure drop, and water flow. 2. Condenser water entering and leaving temperatures, pressure drop, and water flow. 3. Evaporator and condenser refrigerant temperatures and pressures, using instruments

furnished by the chiller manufacturer. 4. Power factor if factory-installed instrumentation is furnished for measuring kW. 5. The kW input if factory-installed instrumentation is furnished for measuring kW. 6. Capacity: Calculate in tons of cooling. 7. Air-Cooled Chillers: Verify condenser-fan rotation and record fan data, including

number of fans and entering- and leaving-air temperatures.

B. Chillers shall be commissioned on-site by the manufacturer and accepted by COR based on input from OBO/PDCS/DE mechanical engineer.

3.15 COOLING TOWERS

A. Shut off makeup water for the duration of the test, and then make sure the makeup and blow-down systems are fully operational after tests and before leaving the equipment. Perform the following tests and record the results:

1. Measure condenser water flow to each cell of the cooling tower. 2. Measure entering- and leaving-water temperatures. 3. Measure wet- and dry-bulb temperatures of entering air.



4. Measure wet- and dry-bulb temperatures of leaving air. 5. Measure condenser water flow rate recirculating through the cooling tower. 6. Measure cooling tower pump discharge pressure. 7. Adjust water level and feed rate of makeup-water system.

3.16 CONDENSING UNITS

A. Verify proper rotation of fans and measure entering- and leaving-air temperatures. Record compressor data.

3.17 BOILERS

A. Measure entering- and leaving-water temperatures and water flow.

3.18 HEAT-TRANSFER COILS

A. Water Coils: Measure the following data for each coil:

1. Entering- and leaving-water temperatures. 2. Water flow rate. 3. Water pressure drop. 4. Dry-bulb temperatures of entering and leaving air. 5. Wet-bulb temperatures of entering and leaving air for cooling coils designed for less than

3540 L/s. 6. Airflow. 7. Air pressure drop.

3.19 TEMPERATURE TESTING

A. During testing, adjusting, and balancing, report need for adjustment in temperature regulation within the automatic temperature-control system.

B. Measure indoor wet- and dry-bulb temperatures every other hour for a period of 2 successive 8-hour days, in each separately controlled zone, to prove correctness of final temperature settings. Measure when the building or zone is occupied.

C. Measure outside-air, wet- and dry-bulb temperatures.



3.20 TEMPERATURE-CONTROL VERIFICATION

A. Verify that controllers are calibrated and commissioned.

B. Check transmitter and controller locations and note conditions that would adversely affect control functions.

C. Record controller settings and note variances between set points and actual measurements.

D. Verify operation of limiting controllers (i.e., high- and low-temperature controllers).

E. Verify free travel and proper operation of control devices such as damper and valve operators.

F. Verify sequence of operation of control devices. Note air pressures and device positions and correlate with airflow and water-flow measurements. Note the speed of response to input changes.

G. Confirm interaction of electrically operated switch transducers.

H. Confirm interaction of interlock and lockout systems.

I. Verify main control supply-air pressure and observe compressor and dryer operations.

J. Record voltages of power supply and controller output. Determine if the system operates on a grounded or nongrounded power supply.

K. Note operation of electric actuators using spring return for proper fail-safe operations.

3.21 AIR LEAKAGE TEST TOLERANCE VERIFICATION

A. Set HVAC system airflow and water flow rates within the following tolerances:

1. Supply, Return, and Exhaust Fans: Plus 5 to plus 10 percent. 2. Air Outlets and Inlets: 0 to minus 10 percent. 3. Heating-Water Flow Rate: 0 to minus 10 percent. 4. Cooling-Water Flow Rate: 0 to minus 5 percent.

3.22 REPORTING

A. Initial Construction-Phase Report: Based on examination of the Contract Documents as specified in "Examination" Article above, prepare a report on the adequacy of design for systems' balancing devices. Recommend changes and additions to systems' balancing devices to facilitate proper performance measuring and balancing. Recommend changes and additions to HVAC systems and general construction to allow access for performance measuring and balancing devices.



B. Status Reports: As Work progresses, prepare reports to describe completed procedures, procedures in progress, and scheduled procedures. Include a list of deficiencies and problems found in systems being tested and balanced. Prepare a separate report for each system and each building floor for systems serving multiple floors.

3.23 FINAL REPORT

A. Final test reports shall be provided to the Contracting Officer for forwarding to the Systems Engineer/Condition Monitoring Office/Predictive Testing Group for inclusion in the Maintenance Database.

B. General: Typewritten, or computer printout in letter-quality font, on standard bond paper, in 3-ring binder, tabulated and divided into sections by tested and balanced systems.

C. Include a certification sheet in front of binder signed and sealed by the certified testing and balancing engineer.

1. Include a list of the instruments used for procedures, along with proof of calibration.

D. Final Report Contents: In addition to the certified field report data, include the following:

1. Pump curves. 2. Fan curves. 3. Manufacturers' test data. 4. Field test reports prepared by system and equipment installers. 5. Other information relative to equipment performance, but do not include approved Shop

Drawings and Product Data.

E. General Report Data: In addition to the form titles and entries, include the following data in the final report, as applicable:

1. Title page. 2. Name and address of testing, adjusting, and balancing Agent. 3. Project name. 4. Project location. 5. Architect's name and address. 6. Engineer's name and address. 7. Contractor's name and address. 8. Report date. 9. Signature of testing, adjusting, and balancing Agent who certifies the report. 10. Summary of contents, including the following:

a. Design versus final performance. b. Notable characteristics of systems. c. Description of system operation sequence if it varies from the Contract

Documents.

11. Nomenclature sheets for each item of equipment.



12. Data for terminal units, including manufacturer, type size, and fittings. 13. Notes to explain why certain final data in the body of reports vary from design values. 14. Test conditions for fans and pump performance forms, including the following:

a. Settings for outside-, return-, and exhaust-air dampers. b. Conditions of filters. c. Cooling coil, wet- and dry-bulb conditions. d. Face and bypass damper settings at coils. e. Fan drive settings, including settings and percentage of maximum pitch diameter. f. Inlet vane settings for variable-air-volume systems. g. Settings for supply-air, static-pressure controller. h. Other system operating conditions that affect performance.

F. System Diagrams: Include schematic layouts of air and hydronic distribution systems. Present with single-line diagrams and include the following:

1. Quantities of outside, supply, return, and exhaust airflows. 2. Water and steam flow rates. 3. Duct, outlet, and inlet sizes. 4. Pipe and valve sizes and locations. 5. Terminal units. 6. Balancing stations.

G. Air-Handling Unit Test Reports: For air-handling units with coils, include the following:

1. Unit Data: Include the following:

a. Unit identification. b. Location. c. Make and type. d. Model number and unit size. e. Manufacturer's serial number. f. Unit arrangement and class. g. Discharge arrangement. h. Sheave make, size in mm, and bore. i. Sheave dimensions, center-to-center and amount of adjustments in mm. j. Number of belts, make, and size. k. Number of filters, type, and size.

2. Motor Data: Include the following:

a. Make and frame type and size. b. Horsepower and rpm. c. Volts, phase, and hertz. d. Full-load amperage and service factor. e. Sheave make, size in mm, and bore. f. Sheave dimensions, center-to-center and amount of adjustments in mm.



3. Test Data: Include design and actual values for the following:

a. Total airflow rate in L/s. b. Total system static pressure in Pa. c. Fan rpm. d. Discharge static pressure in Pa. e. Filter static-pressure differential in Pa. f. Preheat coil static-pressure differential in Pa. g. Cooling coil static-pressure differential in Pa. h. Heating coil static-pressure differential in Pa. i. Outside airflow in L/s. j. Return airflow in L/s. k. Outside-air damper position. l. Return-air damper position. m. Vortex damper position.

H. Apparatus-Coil Test Reports: For apparatus coils, include the following:

1. Coil Data: Include the following:

a. System identification. b. Location. c. Coil type. d. Number of rows. e. Fin spacing in mm o.c.. f. Make and model number. g. Face area in sq. m. h. Tube size in DN. i. Tube and fin materials. j. Circuiting arrangement.


a. Airflow rate in L/s. b. Average face velocity in m/s. c. Air pressure drop in Pa. d. Outside-air, wet- and dry-bulb temperatures in deg C. e. Return-air, wet- and dry-bulb temperatures in deg C. f. Entering-air, wet- and dry-bulb temperatures in deg C. g. Leaving-air, wet- and dry-bulb temperatures in deg C. h. Water flow rate in L/s. i. Water pressure differential in kPa. j. Entering-water temperature in deg C. k. Leaving-water temperature in deg C. l. Refrigerant expansion valve and refrigerant types. m. Refrigerant suction pressure in kPa. n. Refrigerant suction temperature in deg C.



I. Fan Test Reports: For supply, return, and exhaust fans, include the following:

1. Fan Data: Include the following:

a. System identification. b. Location. c. Make and type. d. Model number and size. e. Manufacturer's serial number. f. Arrangement and class. g. Sheave make, size in mm, and bore. h. Sheave dimensions, center-to-center and amount of adjustments in mm.

2. Motor Data: Include the following:

a. Make and frame type and size. b. Horsepower and rpm. c. Volts, phase, and hertz. d. Full-load amperage and service factor. e. Sheave make, size in mm, and bore. f. Sheave dimensions, center-to-center and amount of adjustments in mm. g. Number of belts, make, and size.


a. Total airflow rate in L/s. b. Total system static pressure in Pa. c. Fan rpm. d. Discharge static pressure in Pa. e. Suction static pressure in Pa.

J. Round and Rectangular Duct Traverse Reports: Include a diagram with a grid representing the duct cross-section and record the following:

1. Report Data: Include the following:

a. System and air-handling unit number. b. Location and zone. c. Traverse air temperature in deg C. d. Duct static pressure in Pa. e. Duct size in mm. f. Duct area in sq. m. g. Design airflow rate in L/s. h. Design velocity in m/s. i. Actual airflow rate in L/s. j. Actual average velocity in m/s. k. Barometric pressure in Pa.



K. Air-Terminal-Device Reports: For terminal units, include the following:


a. System and air-handling unit identification. b. Location and zone. c. Test apparatus used. d. Area served. e. Air-terminal-device make. f. Air-terminal-device number from system diagram. g. Air-terminal-device type and model number. h. Air-terminal-device size. i. Air-terminal-device effective area in sq. m.


a. Airflow rate in L/s. b. Air velocity in m/s. c. Preliminary airflow rate as needed in L/s. d. Preliminary velocity as needed in m/s. e. Final airflow rate in L/s. f. Final velocity in m/s. g. Space temperature in deg C.

L. System-Coil Reports: For reheat coils and water coils of terminal units, include the following:


a. System and air-handling unit identification. b. Location and zone. c. Room or riser served. d. Coil make and size. e. Flowmeter type.


a. Airflow rate in L/s. b. Entering-water temperature in deg C. c. Leaving-water temperature in deg C. d. Water pressure drop in kPa. e. Entering-air temperature in deg C. f. Leaving-air temperature in deg C.



M. Packaged Chiller Reports: For each chiller, include the following:


a. Unit identification. b. Make and model number. c. Manufacturer's serial number. d. Refrigerant type and capacity in L. e. Starter type and size. f. Starter thermal protection size.

2. Condenser Test Data: Include design and actual values for the following:

a. Refrigerant pressure in kPa. b. Refrigerant temperature in deg C. c. Entering-water temperature in deg C. d. Leaving-water temperature in deg C. e. Entering-water pressure in kPa. f. Water pressure differential in kPa.

3. Evaporator Test Reports: Include design and actual values for the following:

a. Refrigerant pressure in kPa. b. Refrigerant temperature in deg C. c. Entering-water temperature in deg C. d. Leaving-water temperature in deg C. e. Entering-water pressure in kPa. f. Water pressure differential in kPa.

4. Compressor Test Data: Include design and actual values for the following:

a. Make and model number. b. Manufacturer's serial number. c. Suction pressure in kPa. d. Suction temperature in deg C. e. Discharge pressure in kPa. f. Discharge temperature in deg C. g. Oil pressure in kPa. h. Oil temperature in deg C. i. Voltage at each connection. j. Amperage for each phase. k. The kW input. l. Crankcase heater kW. m. Chilled water control set point in deg C. n. Condenser water control set point in deg C. o. Refrigerant low-pressure-cutoff set point in kPa. p. Refrigerant high-pressure-cutoff set point in kPa.



5. Refrigerant Test Data: Include design and actual values for the following:

a. Oil level. b. Refrigerant level. c. Relief valve setting in kPa. d. Unloader set points in kPa. e. Percentage of cylinders unloaded. f. Bearing temperatures in deg C. g. Vane position. h. Low-temperature-cutoff set point in deg C.

N. Compressor and Condenser Reports: For refrigerant side of unitary systems, stand-alone refrigerant compressors, air-cooled condensing units, or water-cooled condensing units, include the following:


a. Unit identification. b. Location. c. Unit make and model number. d. Manufacturer's compressor serial numbers. e. Compressor make. f. Compressor model and serial numbers. g. Refrigerant weight in kg. h. Low ambient temperature cutoff in deg C.


a. Inlet-duct static pressure in Pa. b. Outlet-duct static pressure in Pa. c. Entering-air, dry-bulb temperature in deg C. d. Leaving-air, dry-bulb temperature in deg C. e. Condenser entering-water temperature in deg C. f. Condenser leaving-water temperature in deg C. g. Condenser water temperature differential in deg C. h. Condenser entering-water pressure in kPa. i. Condenser leaving-water pressure in kPa. j. Condenser water pressure differential in kPa. k. Control settings. l. Unloader set points. m. Low-pressure-cutout set point in kPa. n. High-pressure-cutout set point in kPa. o. Suction pressure in kPa. p. Suction temperature in deg C. q. Condenser refrigerant pressure in kPa. r. Condenser refrigerant temperature in deg C. s. Oil pressure in kPa. t. Oil temperature in deg C. u. Voltage at each connection.



v. Amperage for each phase. w. The kW input. x. Crankcase heater kW. y. Number of fans. z. Condenser fan rpm. aa. Condenser fan airflow rate in L/s. bb. Condenser fan motor make, frame size, rpm, and horsepower. cc. Condenser fan motor voltage at each connection. dd. Condenser fan motor amperage for each phase.

O. Cooling Tower or Condenser Test Reports: For cooling towers or condensers, include the following:


a. Unit identification. b. Make and type. c. Model and serial numbers. d. Nominal cooling capacity in kW. e. Refrigerant type and weight in kg. f. Water-treatment chemical feeder and chemical. g. Number and type of fans. h. Fan motor make, frame size, rpm, and horsepower. i. Fan motor voltage at each connection. j. Sheave make, size in mm, and bore. k. Sheave dimensions, center-to-center and amount of adjustments in mm. l. Number of belts, make, and size.

2. Pump Test Data: Include design and actual values for the following:

a. Make and model number. b. Manufacturer's serial number. c. Motor make and frame size. d. Motor horsepower and rpm. e. Voltage at each connection. f. Amperage for each phase. g. Water flow rate in L/s.

3. Water Test Data: Include design and actual values for the following:

a. Entering-water temperature in deg C. b. Leaving-water temperature in deg C. c. Water temperature differential in deg C. d. Entering-water pressure in kPa. e. Leaving-water pressure in kPa. f. Water pressure differential in kPa. g. Water flow rate in L/s. h. Bleed water flow rate in L/s.



4. Air Data: Include design and actual values for the following:

a. Duct airflow rate in L/s. b. Inlet-duct static pressure in Pa. c. Outlet-duct static pressure in Pa. d. Average entering-air, wet-bulb temperature in deg C. e. Average leaving-air, wet-bulb temperature in deg C. f. Ambient wet-bulb temperature in deg C.

P. Heat-Exchanger Test Reports: For hot-water heat exchangers, include the following:


a. Unit identification. b. Location. c. Service. d. Make and type. e. Model and serial numbers. f. Ratings.

2. Primary Water Test Data: Include design and actual values for the following:

a. Entering-water temperature in deg C. b. Leaving-water temperature in deg C. c. Entering-water pressure in kPa. d. Water pressure differential in kPa. e. Water flow rate in L/s.

3. Secondary Water Test Data: Include design and actual values for the following:

a. Entering-water temperature in deg C. b. Leaving-water temperature in deg C. c. Entering-water pressure in kPa. d. Water pressure differential in kPa. e. Water flow rate in L/s.

Q. Pump Test Reports: For pumps, include the following data. Calculate impeller size by plotting the shutoff head on pump curves.


a. Unit identification. b. Location. c. Service. d. Make and size. e. Model and serial numbers. f. Water flow rate in L/s. g. Water pressure differential in kPa. h. Required net positive suction head in kPa.



i. Pump rpm. j. Impeller diameter in mm. k. Motor make and frame size. l. Motor horsepower and rpm. m. Voltage at each connection. n. Amperage for each phase. o. Full-load amperage and service factor. p. Seal type.


a. Static head in kPa. b. Pump shutoff pressure in kPa. c. Actual impeller size in mm. d. Full-open flow rate in L/s. e. Full-open pressure in kPa. f. Final discharge pressure in kPa. g. Final suction pressure in kPa. h. Final total pressure in kPa. i. Final water flow rate in L/s. j. Voltage at each connection. k. Amperage for each phase.

R. Boiler Test Reports: For boilers, include the following:


a. Unit identification. b. Location. c. Service. d. Make and type. e. Model and serial numbers. f. Fuel type and input in kW. g. Number of passes. h. Ignition type. i. Burner-control types. j. Voltage at each connection. k. Amperage for each phase.


a. Operating pressure in kPa. b. Operating temperature in deg C. c. Entering-water temperature in deg C. d. Leaving-water temperature in deg C. e. Number of safety valves and sizes in DN. f. Safety valve settings in kPa. g. High-limit setting in kPa. h. Operating-control setting.



i. High-fire set point. j. Low-fire set point. k. Voltage at each connection. l. Amperage for each phase. m. Draft fan voltage at each connection. n. Draft fan amperage for each phase. o. Manifold pressure in kPa.

S. Instrument Calibration Reports: For instrument calibration, include the following:

1. Report Data: Include the following:

a. Instrument type and make. b. Serial number. c. Application. d. Dates of use. e. Dates of calibration.

3.24 ADDITIONAL TESTS

A. Within 90 days of completing testing, adjusting, and balancing, perform additional testing and balancing to verify that balanced conditions are being maintained throughout and to correct unusual conditions.

B. Seasonal Periods:

1. Near-Peak Summer Conditions: If initial testing, adjusting, and balancing procedures for cooling systems were not performed during near-peak summer conditions, perform additional inspections, testing, and adjusting during near-peak summer conditions.

2. Near-Peak Winter Conditions: If initial testing, adjusting, and balancing procedures for heating systems were not performed during near-peak winter conditions, perform additional inspections, testing, and adjusting during near-peak winter conditions.


DIVISION 16 – ELECTRICAL


BASIC ELECTRICAL MATERIALS AND METHODS SECTION 16050 - 1

SECTION 16050 - BASIC ELECTRICAL MATERIALS AND METHODS

PART 1 - GENERAL

1.1 SUMMARY


1. Safety considerations for outdoor substations. 2. Raceways. 3. Building wire and connectors. 4. Supporting devices for electrical components. 5. Electrical identification. 6. Electricity-metering components. 7. Concrete equipment bases. 8. Electrical demolition. 9. Cutting and patching for electrical construction. 10. Touchup painting.

1.2 DEFINITIONS

A. EMT: Electrical metallic tubing.

B. FMC: Flexible metal conduit.

C. RMC: Rigid metal conduit.

D. LFMC: Liquidtight flexible metal conduit.

E. RNC: Rigid nonmetallic conduit.

1.3 SUBMITTALS




B. Comply with NFPA 70.



1.5 COORDINATION

A. Coordinate chases, slots, inserts, sleeves, and openings with general construction work and arrange in building structure during progress of construction to facilitate the electrical installations that follow.

1. Set inserts and sleeves in poured-in-place concrete, masonry work, and other structural components as they are constructed.

B. Sequence, coordinate, and integrate installing electrical materials and equipment for efficient flow of the Work. Coordinate installing large equipment requiring positioning before closing in the building.

C. Coordinate electrical service connections to components furnished by utility companies.

1. Coordinate installation and connection of exterior underground and overhead utilities and services, including provision for electricity-metering components.

2. Comply with requirements of authorities having jurisdiction and of utility company providing electrical power and other services.

D. Coordinate location of access panels and doors for electrical items that are concealed by finished surfaces. Access doors and panels are specified in Division 8 Section "Access Doors."

E. Where electrical identification devices are applied to field-finished surfaces, coordinate installation of identification devices with completion of finished surface.

F. Where electrical identification markings and devices will be concealed by acoustical ceilings and similar finishes, coordinate installation of these items before ceiling installation.

PART 2 - PRODUCTS

2.1 SAFETY CONSIDERATIONS FOR OUTDOOR SUBSTATIONS

A. Signage: Provide warning signage in English, host country language, and/or pictograph indicating "DANGER — HIGH VOLTAGE" according to signage requirements of Section 11.8.

B. Metal Enclosures: Use metal enclosures around all live parts.

C. Locks: Provide on gates with key interlocks on switchgear doors to prevent access to live parts.

D. Clearances: Refer to the National Electrical Code (NFPA 70) and National Electrical Safety Code (ANSI C.2) for adequate clearances.

2.2 RACEWAYS

A. EMT: ANSI C80.3, zinc-coated steel, with compression fittings only (no set screw type).



B. FMC: Zinc-coated steel.

C. RMC: ANSI C80.1.

D. LFMC: Zinc-coated steel with sunlight-resistant and mineral-oil-resistant plastic jacket.

E. RNC: NEMA TC 2, Schedule 40 PVC, with NEMA TC3 fittings.

F. Raceway Fittings: Specifically designed for the raceway type with which used.

2.3 CONDUCTORS

A. Conductors, 6.0mm2 and Smaller: Solid copper.

B. Conductors, Larger Than 6.0mm2: Stranded copper.

C. Insulation: Thermoplastic, rated at 75 deg C minimum.

D. Wire Connectors and Splices: Units of size, ampacity rating, material, type, and class suitable for service indicated.

2.4 SUPPORTING DEVICES

A. Material: Cold-formed steel, with corrosion-resistant coating acceptable to authorities having jurisdiction.

B. Metal Items for Use Outdoors or in Damp Locations: Hot-dip galvanized steel.

C. Slotted-Steel Channel Supports: Flange edges turned toward web, and 14-mm-diameter slotted holes at a maximum of 50 mm o.c., in webs.

D. Slotted-Steel Channel Supports: Comply with Division 5 Section "Metal Fabrications" for slotted channel framing.

1. Channel Thickness: Selected to suit structural loading. 2. Fittings and Accessories: Products of the same manufacturer as channel supports.

E. Nonmetallic Channel and Angle Systems: Structural-grade, factory-formed, glass-fiber-resin channels and angles with 14-mm- diameter holes at a maximum of 203 mm o.c., in at least one surface.

3. Fittings and Accessories: Products of the same manufacturer as channels and angles. 4. Entire electrical system shall be fully rated.

F. Raceway and Cable Supports: Manufactured clevis hangers, riser clamps, straps, threaded C-clamps with retainers, ceiling trapeze hangers, wall brackets, and spring-steel clamps or click-type hangers.



G. Pipe Sleeves: ASTM A 53, Type E, Grade A, Schedule 40, galvanized steel, plain ends.

H. Cable Supports for Vertical Conduit: Factory-fabricated assembly consisting of threaded body and insulating wedging plug for nonarmored electrical cables in riser conduits. Plugs have number and size of conductor gripping holes as required to suit individual risers. Body constructed of malleable-iron casting with hot-dip galvanized finish.

I. Expansion Anchors: Carbon-steel wedge or sleeve type.

J. Toggle Bolts: All-steel springhead type.

K. Powder-Driven Threaded Studs: Heat-treated steel.

2.5 ELECTRICAL IDENTIFICATION

A. Refer to Section 16075 “Electrical Identification”

2.6 EQUIPMENT FOR UTILITY COMPANY'S ELECTRICITY METERING.

A. Current-Transformer Cabinets: Comply with requirements of electrical power utility company.

B. Meter Sockets: Comply with requirements of electrical power utility company.

C. Modular Meter Centers: Factory-coordinated assembly of a main meter center circuit-breaker unit with wireways, tenant meter socket modules, and tenant branch circuit breakers arranged in adjacent vertical sections, complete with interconnecting buses. 1. Housing: NEMA 250, Type 3R enclosure.

2.7 EQUIPMENT FOR ELECTRICITY METERING FOR GOVERNMENT USE

A. Meter: Electronic kilowatt-hour measuring to record electricity used.

B. Meter: Electronic kilowatt-hour/demand measuring to record electricity used and highest peak demand over a time period according to electric utility. Meter is designed for use on the type and rating of circuit indicated for its application. 1. Kilowatt-Hour Display: Digital liquid crystal. 2. Kilowatt-Demand Display: Digital, liquid-crystal type to register highest peak demand. 3. Enclosure: NEMA 250, Type 1, minimum, with hasp for padlocking or sealing. 4. Memory Backup: Self-contained to maintain memory throughout power outages of 72

hours, minimum. 5. Sensors: Current-sensing type, with current or voltage output, selected for optimum

range and accuracy for the ratings of the circuits indicated for this application.

a. Type: Solid core.



6. Accuracy: Nationally recognized testing laboratory certified to meet ANSI C12.16 specifications.

7. Demand Signal Communication Interface: Match signal to building automation system input that conveys data on instantaneous/integrated demand level measured by meter used for load switching to control demand.

C. Current-Transformer Cabinets: Listed or recommended by metering equipment manufacturer for use with sensors indicated.

2.8 CONCRETE BASES

A. Concrete Forms and Reinforcement Materials: As specified in Division 3 Section "Cast-in-Place Concrete."

B. Concrete: 20.7-MPa, 28-day compressive strength as specified in Division 3 Section "Cast-in-Place Concrete."

2.9 TOUCHUP PAINT

A. For Equipment: Equipment manufacturer's paint selected to match installed equipment finish.

B. Galvanized Surfaces: Zinc-rich paint recommended by item manufacturer.

C. Prevention Of Corrosion: For all outdoor applications and all indoor applications in a harsh environment refer to section 09960, “High Performance Coatings.” Metallic materials shall be protected against corrosion. Equipment enclosures shall have the standard finish by the manufacturer when used for most indoor installations.

D. Panelboards: Ability to remove access covers is required for maintenance activities. No equipment shall be mounted within 900 mm of the front of the panel.

E. Dry-Type Distribution Transformers: Ability to remove access covers is required for maintenance activities. Minimum distance to energized circuits that is specified must be maintained.

F. Field Testing: Final test data shall be provided to the COR for forwarding to the Systems Engineer/Condition Monitoring Office/Predictive Testing Group for inclusion in the Maintenance Database.

2.10 SLEEVES FOR RACEWAYS AND CABLES

A. Steel Pipe Sleeves: ASTM A 53/A 53M, Type E, Grade B, Schedule 40, galvanized steel, plain ends.

B. Cast-Iron Pipe Sleeves: Cast or fabricated "wall pipe," equivalent to ductile-iron pressure pipe, with plain ends and integral waterstop, unless otherwise indicated.



C. Sleeves for Rectangular Openings: Galvanized sheet steel with minimum 1.3- or 3.5-mm (0.052- or 0.138-inch) thickness as indicated and of length to suit application.

D. Coordinate sleeve selection and application with selection and application of firestopping specified in Division 7 Section "Through-Penetration Firestop Systems."

2.11 SLEEVE SEALS

A. Description: Modular sealing device, designed for field assembly, to fill annular space between sleeve and raceway or cable. 1. Sealing Elements: [EPDM] [NBR] interlocking links shaped to fit surface of cable or

conduit. Include type and number required for material and size of raceway or cable. 2. Pressure Plates: [Stainless steel] Include two for each sealing element. 3. Connecting Bolts and Nuts: [Stainless steel] of length required to secure pressure plates

to sealing elements. Include one for each sealing element.

PART 3 - EXECUTION

3.1 COMMON REQUIREMENTS FOR ELECTRICAL INSTALLATION

A. Comply with NECA 1.

B. Measure indicated mounting heights to bottom of unit for suspended items and to center of unit for wall-mounting items.

C. Headroom Maintenance: If mounting heights or other location criteria are not indicated, arrange and install components and equipment to provide maximum possible headroom consistent with these requirements.

D. Equipment: Install to facilitate service, maintenance, and repair or replacement of components of both electrical equipment and other nearby installations. Connect in such a way as to facilitate future disconnecting with minimum interference with other items in the vicinity.

E. Right of Way: Give to raceways and piping systems installed at a required slope.

F. Electrical equipment shall be designed and rated to operate in unusual environmental conditions such as wind-blown sand, salt atmosphere, flooding, ultraviolet rays due to altitude, high winds such as hurricanes and tornadoes, etc. Where standard ratings are not available to match environmental conditions, equipment shall be derated as required to compensate for factors such as high altitude and ambient temperature. Equipment installed in conditioned spaces shall be designed and rated for the conditioned ambient.

3.2 RACEWAY APPLICATION

A. Use the following raceways for outdoor installations:



1. Exposed: RMC 2. Concealed: RMC 3. Underground, Single Run: RNC. 4. Underground, Grouped: RNC. 5. Connection to Vibrating Equipment: LFMC. 6. Boxes and Enclosures: NEMA 250, Type 3R or Type 4.

B. Use the following raceways for indoor installations:

7. Exposed: EMT. 8. Concealed: EMT. 9. Connection to Vibrating Equipment: FMC; except in wet or damp locations, use LFMC. 10. Damp or Wet Locations: IMC. 11. Boxes and Enclosures: NEMA 250, Type 1, unless otherwise indicated.

3.3 RACEWAY AND CABLE INSTALLATION

A. Conceal raceways and cables, unless otherwise indicated, within finished walls, ceilings, and floors.

B. Install raceways and cables at least 150 mm away from parallel runs of flues and steam or hot-water pipes. Locate horizontal raceway runs above water and steam piping.

C. Use temporary raceway caps to prevent foreign matter from entering.

D. Make conduit bends and offsets so ID is not reduced. Keep legs of bends in the same plane and straight legs of offsets parallel, unless otherwise indicated.

E. Use raceway and cable fittings compatible with raceways and cables and suitable for use and location.

F. Install raceways embedded in slabs in middle third of slab thickness where practical, and leave at least 25-mm-concrete cover.

1. Secure raceways to reinforcing rods to prevent sagging or shifting during concrete placement.

2. Space raceways laterally to prevent voids in concrete. 3. Install conduit larger than 25 mm parallel to or at right angles to main reinforcement.

Where conduit is at right angles to reinforcement, place conduit close to slab support. 4. Transition from nonmetallic tubing to Schedule 80 nonmetallic conduit, rigid steel

conduit, or IMC before rising above floor. 5. Make bends in exposed parallel or banked runs from same centerline to make bends

parallel. Use factory elbows only where elbows can be installed parallel; otherwise, provide field bends for exposed parallel raceways.

G. Install pull wires in empty raceways. Use No. 2.5 mm2 zinc-coated steel or monofilament plastic line with not less than (90-kg) tensile strength. Leave at least (300 mm) of slack at each end of the pull wire.



H. Install telecommunications and signal system raceways, 50 mm and smaller, in maximum lengths of 45 m and with a maximum of two 90-degree bends or equivalent. Separate lengths with pull or junction boxes where necessary to comply with these requirements, in addition to requirements above.

I. Connect motors and equipment subject to vibration, noise transmission, or movement with a maximum of 1830-mm flexible conduit. Install LFMC in wet or damp locations. Install separate ground conductor across flexible connections.

J. Set floor boxes level and trim after installation to fit flush to finished floor surface.

3.4 WIRING METHODS FOR POWER, LIGHTING, AND CONTROL CIRCUITS

A. Feeders: Type THHN/THWN insulated conductors in raceway.

B. Underground Feeders and Branch Circuits: Type THWN or XHHW insulated conductors in raceway.

C. Branch Circuits: Type THHN/THWN insulated conductors in raceway.

D. Remote-Control Signaling and Power-Limited Circuits: Type THHN/THWN insulated conductors in raceway for Classes 1, 2, and 3, unless otherwise indicated.

3.5 WIRING INSTALLATION

A. Install splices and taps that are compatible with conductor material and that possess equivalent or better mechanical strength and insulation ratings than unspliced conductors.

B. Install wiring at outlets with at least 300 mm of slack conductor at each outlet. Pigtailing conductors is not permitted.

C. Connect outlet and component connections to wiring systems and to ground. Tighten electrical connectors and terminals, according to manufacturer's published torque-tightening values. If manufacturer's torque values are not indicated, use those specified in UL 486A.

3.6 ELECTRICAL SUPPORTING DEVICE APPLICATION

A. Damp Locations and Outdoors: Hot-dip galvanized materials or nonmetallic, U-channel system components.

B. Dry Locations: Steel materials.

C. Support Clamps for PVC Raceways: Click-type clamp system.

D. Selection of Supports: Comply with manufacturer's written instructions.



E. Strength of Supports: Adequate to carry present and future loads, times a safety factor of at least four; minimum of 90-kg design load.

3.7 SUPPORT INSTALLATION

A. Install support devices to securely and permanently fasten and support electrical components.

B. Install individual and multiple raceway hangers and riser clamps to support raceways. Provide U-bolts, clamps, attachments, and other hardware necessary for hanger assemblies and for securing hanger rods and conduits.

C. Support parallel runs of horizontal raceways together on trapeze- or bracket-type hangers.

D. Size supports for multiple raceway installations so capacity can be increased by a 25 percent minimum in the future.

E. Support individual horizontal raceways with separate, malleable-iron pipe hangers or clamps.

F. Install 6-mm diameter or larger threaded steel hanger rods, unless otherwise indicated.

G. Spring-steel fasteners specifically designed for supporting single conduits or tubing may be used instead of malleable-iron hangers for 38-mm and smaller raceways serving lighting and receptacle branch circuits above suspended ceilings and for fastening raceways to slotted channel and angle supports.

H. Arrange supports in vertical runs so the weight of raceways and enclosed conductors is carried entirely by raceway supports, with no weight load on raceway terminals.

I. Simultaneously install vertical conductor supports with conductors.

J. Separately support cast boxes that are threaded to raceways and used for fixture support. Support sheet-metal boxes directly from the building structure or by bar hangers. If bar hangers are used, attach bar to raceways on opposite sides of the box and support the raceway with an approved fastener not more than 610 mm from the box.

K. Install metal channel racks for mounting cabinets, panelboards, disconnect switches, control enclosures, pull and junction boxes, transformers, and other devices unless components are mounted directly to structural elements of adequate strength.

L. Install sleeves for cable and raceway penetrations of concrete slabs and walls unless core-drilled holes are used. Install sleeves for cable and raceway penetrations of masonry and fire-rated gypsum walls and of all other fire-rated floor and wall assemblies. Install sleeves during erection of concrete and masonry walls.

M. Securely fasten electrical items and their supports to the building structure, unless otherwise indicated. Perform fastening according to the following unless other fastening methods are indicated:

1. Wood: Fasten with wood screws or screw-type nails.



2. Masonry: Toggle bolts on hollow masonry units and expansion bolts on solid masonry units.

3. New Concrete: Concrete inserts with machine screws and bolts. 4. Existing Concrete: Expansion bolts. 5. Instead of expansion bolts, threaded studs driven by a powder charge and provided with

lock washers may be used in existing concrete. 6. Steel: Welded threaded studs or spring-tension clamps on steel.

a. Field Welding: Comply with AWS D1.1.

7. Welding to steel structure may be used only for threaded studs, not for conduits, pipe straps, or other items.

8. Light Steel: Sheet-metal screws. 9. Fasteners: Select so the load applied to each fastener does not exceed 25 percent of its

proof-test load.

3.8 IDENTIFICATION MATERIALS AND DEVICES

A. Install at locations for most convenient viewing without interference with operation and maintenance of equipment.

B. Coordinate names, abbreviations, colors, and other designations used for electrical identification with corresponding designations indicated in the Contract Documents or required by codes and standards. Use consistent designations throughout Project.

C. Self-Adhesive Identification Products: Clean surfaces before applying.

D. Identify raceways and cables with color banding as follows:

1. Bands: Pretensioned, snap-around, colored plastic sleeves or colored adhesive marking tape. Make each color band 50 mm wide, completely encircling conduit, and place adjacent bands of two-color markings in contact, side by side.

2. Band Locations: At changes in direction, at penetrations of walls and floors, at 15-m maximum intervals in straight runs, and at 8-m maximum intervals in congested areas.

3. Colors: As follows:

a. Fire Alarm System: Red. b. Security System: Blue and yellow. c. Telecommunication System: Green and yellow.

E. Tag and label circuits designated to be extended in the future. Identify source and circuit numbers in each cabinet, pull and junction box, and outlet box. Color-coding may be used for voltage and phase identification.

F. Install continuous underground plastic markers during trench backfilling, for exterior underground power, control, signal, and communication lines located directly above power and communication lines. Locate 150 to 200 mm below finished grade. If width of multiple lines installed in a common trench or concrete envelope does not exceed 400 mm, overall, use a single line marker.



G. Color-code 208/120-V system secondary service, feeder, and branch-circuit conductors throughout the secondary electrical system as follows: 1. Phase A: Black. 2. Phase B: Red. 3. Phase C: Blue.

H. Color-code 380/220-V system secondary service, feeder, and branch-circuit conductors throughout the secondary electrical system as follows: 1. Phase A: Brown. 2. Phase B: Orange. 3. Phase C: Yellow.

I. Install warning, caution, and instruction signs where required to comply with 29 CFR, Chapter XVII, Part 1910.145, and where needed to ensure safe operation and maintenance of electrical systems and of items to which they connect. Install engraved plastic-laminated instruction signs with approved legend where instructions are needed for system or equipment operation. Install metal-backed butyrate signs for outdoor items.

J. Install engraved-laminated emergency-operating signs with white letters on red background with minimum 9-mm-high lettering for emergency instructions on power transfer, load shedding, and other emergency operations.

3.9 UTILITY COMPANY ELECTRICITY-METERING EQUIPMENT

A. Install equipment according to utility company's written requirements. Provide grounding and empty conduits as required by utility company.

3.10 FIRESTOPPING

A. Apply firestopping to cable and raceway penetrations of fire-rated floor and wall assemblies to achieve fire-resistance rating of the assembly. Firestopping materials and installation requirements are specified in Division 7 Section "Firestopping."

3.11 CONCRETE BASES

A. Construct concrete bases of dimensions indicated, but not less than 100 mm (4 inches) larger, in both directions, than supported unit. Follow supported equipment manufacturer's anchorage recommendations and setting templates for anchor-bolt and tie locations, unless otherwise indicated. Use 20.7-MPa, 28-day compressive-strength concrete and reinforcement as specified in Division 3 Section "Cast-in-Place Concrete."


A. Inspect installed components for damage and faulty work, including the following:



1. Raceways. 2. Building wire and connectors. 3. Supporting devices for electrical components. 4. Electrical identification. 5. Electricity-metering components. 6. Concrete bases. 7. Electrical demolition. 8. Cutting and patching for electrical construction. 9. Touchup painting.

B. Test Government's electricity-metering installation for proper operation, accuracy, and usability of output data. 1. Connect a load of known kW rating, 1.5 kW minimum, to a circuit supplied by the

metered feeder. 2. Turn off circuits supplied by the metered feeder and secure them in the "off" condition. 3. Run the test load continuously for eight hours, minimum, or longer to obtain a

measurable meter indication. Use a test load placement and setting that ensure continuous, safe operation.

4. Check and record meter reading at end of test period and compare with actual electricity used based on test load rating, duration of test, and sample measurements of supply voltage at the test load connection. Record test results.

5. Repair or replace malfunctioning metering equipment or correct test setup; then retest. Repeat for each meter in installation until proper operation of entire system is verified.

3.13 REFINISHING AND TOUCHUP PAINTING

A. Refinish and touch up paint. Paint materials and application requirements are specified in Division 9 Section "Painting."

1. Clean damaged and disturbed areas and apply primer, intermediate, and finish coats to suit the degree of damage at each location.

2. Follow paint manufacturer's written instructions for surface preparation and for timing and application of successive coats.

3. Repair damage to galvanized finishes with zinc-rich paint recommended by manufacturer.

4. Repair damage to PVC or paint finishes with matching touchup coating recommended by manufacturer.



SEISMIC CONTROLS FOR ELECTRICAL WORK SECTION 16071 - 1

SECTION 16071 - SEISMIC CONTROLS FOR ELECTRICAL WORK

PART 1 - GENERAL

1.1 SUMMARY

A. This Section includes seismic restraints and other earthquake-damage-reduction measures for electrical components. It complements optional seismic construction requirements in the various electrical component Sections.

B. Provide seismic restraints for electrical equipment and wiring methods as described hereinafter. These seismic restraint requirements are in addition to the requirements specified elsewhere for the fastening and support of electrical work. Nothing on the drawings or elsewhere in the specifications shall be interpreted as a reason to waive any of the requirements of this Section.

1.2 DEFINITIONS

A. IBC: International Building Code

B. Seismic Restraint: A fixed device (a seismic brace, an anchor bolt or stud, or a fastening assembly) used to prevent vertical or horizontal movement, or both vertical and horizontal movement, of an electrical system component during an earthquake.

C. Mobile Structural Element: A part of the building structure such as a slab, floor structure, roof structure, or wall that may move independent of other mobile structural elements during an earthquake.


A. Comply with seismic restraint requirements in the IBC unless requirements in this Section are more stringent.

B. Professional Engineer Qualifications: A professional engineer who is experienced in providing seismic engineering services, including the design of seismic restraints, required for this project as defined in the statement of work

C. Testing Agency Qualifications: An independent testing agency, acceptable to authorities having jurisdiction, with the experience and capability to conduct the testing indicated.

1.4 SUBMITTALS

A. Product Data: Indicate material, strength, fastening provisions, and finish for each type and size of seismic restraint component used.



B. Shop Drawings: Indicate materials and dimensions and identify hardware, including attachment and anchorage devices, signed and sealed by a qualified professional engineer. Include the following:

1. Fabricated Supports: Representations of field-fabricated supports not detailed on

drawings. 2. Seismic Restraints: Detail anchorage and bracing not defined by details or charts on

drawings. Include the following:

a. Design Analysis: To support selection and arrangement of seismic restraints. Include calculations of combined tensile and shear loads.

b. Details: Detail fabrication and arrangement. Detail attachments of restraints to the restrained items and to the structure. Show attachment locations, methods, and spacings. Identify components, list their strengths, and indicate directions and values of forces transmitted to the structure during seismic events.

1.5 PROJECT CONDITIONS

A. Refer to the Statement of Work (SOW).

1.6 COORDINATION

A. Coordinate layout and installation of seismic bracing with building structural system and architectural features, and with mechanical, fire-protection, electrical, and other building features in the vicinity.

B. Coordinate concrete bases with building structural system.

PART 2 - PRODUCTS

2.1 MATERIALS

A. Use the following materials for restraints:

1. Indoor Dry Locations: Steel, zinc plated. 2. Outdoors and Damp Locations: Galvanized steel. 3. Corrosive Locations: Stainless steel.

2.2 ANCHORAGE AND STRUCTURAL ATTACHMENT COMPONENTS

A. Strength: Defined in reports by ICBO Evaluation Service or another agency acceptable to COR Representative.

1. Structural Safety Factor: Strength in tension and shear of components used shall be at least two times the maximum seismic forces to which they will be subjected.



B. Concrete and Masonry Anchor Bolts and Studs: Steel-expansion wedge type.

C. Concrete Inserts: Steel-channel type.

D. Through Bolts: Structural type, hex head, high strength. Comply with ASTM A 325.

E. Welding Lugs: Comply with MSS SP-69, Type 57.

F. Beam Clamps for Steel Beams and Joists: Double sided. Single-sided type is not acceptable.

G. Bushings for Floor-Mounted Equipment Anchors: Neoprene units designed for seismically rated rigid equipment mountings, and matched to the type and size of anchor bolts and studs used.

H. Bushing Assemblies for Wall-Mounted Equipment Anchorage: Assemblies of neoprene elements and steel sleeves designed for seismically rated rigid equipment mountings, and matched to the type and size of attachment devices used.

2.3 SEISMIC BRACING COMPONENTS

A. Slotted Steel Channel: 41-by-41-mm cross section, formed from 2.7-mm- thick steel, with 14-by-22-mm slots at a maximum of 50 mm o.c. in webs, and flange edges turned toward web.

1. Materials for Channel: ASTM A 570, GR 33. 2. Materials for Fittings and Accessories: ASTM A 575, ASTM A 576, or ASTM A 36. 3. Fittings and Accessories: Products of the same manufacturer as channels and designed

for use with that product. 4. Finish: Baked, rust-inhibiting, acrylic-enamel paint applied after cleaning and phosphate

treatment, unless otherwise indicated.

B. Channel-Type Bracing Assemblies: Slotted steel channel, with adjustable hinged steel brackets and bolts.

C. Cable-Type Bracing Assemblies: Zinc-coated, high-strength steel wire rope cable attached to steel thimbles, brackets, and bolts designed for cable service.

1. Arrange units for attachment to the braced component at one end and to the structure at the other end.

2. Wire Rope Cable: Comply with ASTM 603. Use 49- or 133-strand cable with a minimum strength of 2 times the calculated maximum seismic force to be resisted.

D. Hanger Rod Stiffeners: Slotted steel channels with internally bolted connections to hanger rod.



PART 3 - EXECUTION

3.1 APPLICATION

A. Generator Sets: Comply with Division 15 Section "Mechanical Vibration Controls and Seismic Restraints."

3.2 INSTALLATION

A. Install seismic restraints according to applicable codes and regulations and as approved by COR, unless more stringent requirements are indicated.

3.3 STRUCTURAL ATTACHMENTS

A. Use bolted connections with steel brackets, slotted channel, and slotted-channel fittings to spread structural loads and reduce stresses.

B. Attachments to New Concrete: Bolt to channel-type concrete inserts or use expansion anchors.

C. Attachments to Existing Concrete: Use expansion anchors.

D. Holes for Expansion Anchors in Concrete: Drill at locations and to depths that avoid reinforcing bars.

E. Attachments to Solid Concrete Masonry Unit Walls: Use expansion anchors.

F. Attachments to Hollow Walls: Bolt to slotted steel channels fastened to wall with expansion anchors.

G. Attachments to Wood Structural Members: Install bolts through members.

H. Attachments to Steel: Bolt to clamps on flanges of beams or on upper truss chords of bar joists.

3.4 ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT ANCHORAGE

A. Anchor rigidly to a single mobile structural element or to a concrete base that is structurally tied to a single mobile structural element.

B. Anchor panelboards, motor-control centers, motor controls, switchboards, switchgear, transformers, unit substations, fused power-circuit devices, transfer switches, busways, battery racks, static uninterruptible power units, power conditioners, capacitor units, communication system components, and electronic signal processing, control, and distribution units as follows:

1. Size concrete bases so expansion anchors will be a minimum of 10 bolt diameters from the edge of the concrete base.

2. Concrete Bases for Floor-Mounted Equipment: Use female expansion anchors and install studs and nuts after equipment is positioned.



3. Bushings for Floor-Mounted Equipment Anchors: Install to allow for resilient media between anchor bolt or stud and mounting hole in concrete.

4. Anchor Bolt Bushing Assemblies for Wall-Mounted Equipment: Install to allow for resilient media where equipment or equipment-mounting channels are attached to wall.

5. Torque bolts and nuts on studs to values recommended by equipment manufacturer.

3.5 SEISMIC BRACING INSTALLATION

A. Install bracing according to spacings and strengths indicated by approved Design Analysis.

B. Expansion and Contraction: Install to allow for thermal movement of braced components.

C. Cable Braces: Install with maximum cable slack recommended by manufacturer.

D. Attachment to Structure: If specific attachment is not indicated, anchor bracing to the structure at flanges of beams, upper truss chords of bar joists, or at concrete members.

3.6 ACCOMMODATION OF DIFFERENTIAL SEISMIC MOTION

A. Make flexible connections in raceways, cables, wireways, cable trays, and busways where they cross expansion and seismic control joints, where adjacent sections or branches are supported by different structural elements, and where they terminate at electrical equipment anchored to a different mobile structural element from the one supporting them.


A. Testing Agency: Engage a qualified testing agency to perform the following field quality-control testing:

B. Testing: Test pull-out resistance of seismic anchorage devices.

1. Provide necessary test equipment required for reliable testing. 2. Provide evidence of recent calibration of test equipment by a testing agency acceptable to

authorities having jurisdiction. 3. Schedule test with Owner, through COR, before connecting anchorage device to

restrained component (unless post-connection testing has been approved), and with at least seven days' advance notice.

4. Obtain COR approval before transmitting test loads to the structure. Provide temporary load-spreading members.

5. Test at least four of each type and size of installed anchors and fasteners selected by COR.

6. Test to 90 percent of rated proof load of device. 7. If a device fails the test, modify all installations of same type and retest until satisfactory

results are achieved. 8. Record test results.



ELECTRICAL IDENTIFICATION SECTION 16075 - 1

SECTION 16075 - ELECTRICAL IDENTIFICATION

PART 1 - GENERAL

1.1 SUMMARY

A. This Section includes electrical identification materials and devices required to comply with ANSI C2, NFPA 70, OSHA standards, and authorities having jurisdiction.


A. Comply with ANSI C2.


C. Comply with ANSI A13.1 and NFPA 70 for color-coding.

1.3 SUBMITTALS

A. Product Data: For each electrical identification product indicated.

B. Identification Schedule: An index of nomenclature of electrical equipment and system components used in identification and labels.

C. Samples: For each type of label and sign to illustrate size, colors, lettering style, mounting provisions, and graphic features of identification products.

1.4 COORDINATION

A. Coordinate identification names, abbreviations, colors, and other features with requirements in the Contract Documents, Shop Drawings, manufacturer's wiring diagrams, and the Operation and Maintenance Manual, and with those required by codes, standards, and 29 CFR 1910.145. Use consistent designations throughout Project.

B. Coordinate installation of identifying devices with completion of covering and painting of surfaces where devices are to be applied.

C. Coordinate installation of identifying devices with location of access panels and doors.

D. Install identifying devices before installing acoustical ceilings and similar concealment.



PART 2 - PRODUCTS

2.1 RACEWAY AND METAL-CLAD CABLE IDENTIFICATION MATERIALS

A. Comply with ANSI A13.1 for minimum size of letters for legend and for minimum length of color field for each raceway and cable size.

B. Color for Printed Legend:

1. Power Circuits: Black letters on an orange field. 2. Legend: Indicate system or service and voltage, if applicable.

C. Self-Adhesive Vinyl Labels: Preprinted, flexible label laminated with a clear, weather- and chemical-resistant coating and matching wraparound adhesive tape for securing ends of legend label.

D. Snap-Around Labels: Slit, pretensioned, flexible, preprinted, color-coded acrylic sleeves, with diameter sized to suit diameter of raceway or cable it identifies and to stay in place by gripping action.

E. Snap-Around, Color-Coding Bands: Slit, pretensioned, flexible, solid-colored acrylic sleeves, 50 mm (2 inches) long, with diameter sized to suit diameter of raceway or cable it identifies and to stay in place by gripping action.

F. Self-Adhesive Vinyl Tape: Colored, heavy duty, waterproof, fade resistant; 50 mm (2 inches) wide; compounded for outdoor use.

2.2 CONDUCTOR AND COMMUNICATION- AND CONTROL-CABLE IDENTIFICATION MATERIALS

A. Color-Coding Conductor Tape: Colored, self-adhesive vinyl tape not less than 0.08 mm (3 inches) thick by 25 to 50 mm (1 to 2 inches) wide.

B. Marker Tapes: Vinyl or vinyl-cloth, self-adhesive wraparound type, with circuit identification legend machine printed by thermal transfer or equivalent process.

C. Aluminum Wraparound Marker Labels: Cut from 0.35-mm (0.014-inch) thick aluminum sheet, with stamped, embossed, or scribed legend, and fitted with tabs and matching slots for permanently securing around wire or cable jacket or around groups of conductors.

D. Metal Tags: Brass or aluminum, 50 by 50 by 1.3 mm (2 by 2 by 0.05 inch), with stamped legend, punched for use with self-locking nylon tie fastener.



E. Write-On Tags: Polyester tag, 0.38 mm (0.015 inch) thick, with corrosion-resistant grommet and polyester or nylon tie for attachment to conductor or cable.

1. Marker for Tags: Permanent, waterproof, black ink marker recommended by tag manufacturer.

2.3 UNDERGROUND-LINE WARNING TAPE

A. Description: Permanent, bright-colored, continuous-printed, polyethylene tape.

1. Not less than 150 mm (6 inches) wide by 0.102 mm (4 mils) thick. 2. Compounded for permanent direct-burial service. 3. Embedded continuous metallic strip or core. 4. Printed legend shall indicate type of underground line.

2.4 WARNING LABELS AND SIGNS

A. Comply with NFPA 70 and 29 CFR 1910.145.

B. Metal-Backed, Butyrate Warning Signs: Weather-resistant, nonfading, preprinted, cellulose-acetate butyrate signs with 1-mm (0.0396-inch) galvanized-steel backing; and with colors, legend, and size required for application. 6.4-mm (1/4-inch) grommets in corners for mounting. Nominal size, 250 by 360 mm (10 by 14 inches).

C. Warning label and sign shall include, but are not limited to, the following legends:

1. Multiple Power Source Warning: "DANGER - ELECTRICAL SHOCK HAZARD - EQUIPMENT HAS MULTIPLE POWER SOURCES."

2. Workspace Clearance Warning: "WARNING - OSHA REGULATION - AREA IN FRONT OF ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT MUST BE KEPT CLEAR FOR 915 MM."

2.5 INSTRUCTION SIGNS

A. Engraved, laminated acrylic or melamine plastic, minimum 1.6 mm (1/16 inch) thick for signs up to. 129 sq. cm (20 sq. in) and 3.2 mm (1/8 inch) thick for larger sizes.

1. Engraved legend with [black letters on white face] 2. Punched or drilled for mechanical fasteners. 3. Framed with mitered acrylic molding and arranged for attachment at applicable

equipment.



2.6 EQUIPMENT IDENTIFICATION LABELS

A. Adhesive Film Label: Machine printed, in black, by thermal transfer or equivalent process. Minimum letter height shall be 10 mm (3/8 inch).

B. Adhesive Film Label with Clear Protective Overlay: Machine printed, in black, by thermal transfer or equivalent process. Minimum letter height shall be 10 mm (3/8 inch). Overlay shall provide a weatherproof and ultraviolet-resistant seal for label.

C. Self-Adhesive, Engraved, Laminated Acrylic or Melamine Label: Adhesive backed, with white letters on a dark-gray background. Minimum letter height shall be 10 mm (3/8 inch).

D. Engraved, Laminated Acrylic or Melamine Label: Punched or drilled for screw mounting. White letters on a dark-gray background. Minimum letter height shall be 10 mm (3/8 inch).

E. Stenciled Legend: In nonfading, waterproof, black ink or paint. Minimum letter height shall be 25 mm (1 inch).

2.7 MISCELLANEOUS IDENTIFICATION PRODUCTS

A. Cable Ties: Fungus-inert, self-extinguishing, 1-piece, self-locking, Type 6/6 nylon cable ties.

1. Minimum Width: 5 mm (3/16 inch). 2. Tensile Strength: 22.6 kg (50 lb), minimum. 3. Temperature Range: Minus 40 to plus 85 deg C (Minus 40 to plus 185 deg F). 4. Color: Black, except where used for color-coding.

B. Paint: Paint materials and application requirements are specified in Division 9 painting Sections.

1. Exterior Concrete, Stucco, and Masonry (Other Than Concrete Unit Masonry):

a. Semigloss Acrylic-Enamel Finish: Two finish coats over a primer.

1) Primer: Exterior concrete and masonry primer. 2) Finish Coats: Exterior semigloss acrylic enamel.

2. Exterior Concrete Unit Masonry:

a. Semigloss Acrylic-Enamel Finish: Two finish coats over a block filler.

1) Block Filler: Concrete unit masonry block filler. 2) Finish Coats: Exterior semigloss acrylic enamel.



3. Exterior Ferrous Metal:

a. Semigloss Alkyd-Enamel Finish: Two finish coats over a primer.

1) Primer: Exterior ferrous-metal primer. 2) Finish Coats: Exterior semigloss alkyd enamel.

4. Exterior Zinc-Coated Metal (except Raceways):


1) Primer: Exterior zinc-coated metal primer. 2) Finish Coats: Exterior semigloss alkyd enamel.

5. Interior Concrete and Masonry (Other Than Concrete Unit Masonry):


1) Primer: Interior concrete and masonry primer. 2) Finish Coats: Interior semigloss alkyd enamel.

6. Interior Concrete Unit Masonry:

a. Semigloss Acrylic-Enamel Finish: Two finish coats over a block filler.

1) Block Filler: Concrete unit masonry block filler. 2) Finish Coats: Interior semigloss acrylic enamel.

7. Interior Gypsum Board:


1) Primer: Interior gypsum board primer. 2) Finish Coats: Interior semigloss acrylic enamel.

8. Interior Ferrous Metal:


1) Primer: Interior ferrous-metal primer. 2) Finish Coats: Interior semigloss acrylic enamel.

9. Interior Zinc-Coated Metal (except Raceways):


1) Primer: Interior zinc-coated metal primer. 2) Finish Coats: Interior semigloss acrylic enamel.



C. Fasteners for Labels and Signs: Self-tapping, stainless-steel screws or stainless-steel machine screws with nuts and flat and lock washers.

PART 3 - EXECUTION

3.1 APPLICATION

A. Raceways and Duct Banks More Than 600 V Concealed within Buildings: 100-mm (4-inch) wide black stripes on 250-mm (10-inch) centers over orange background that extends full length of raceway or duct and is 300 mm (12 inches) wide. Stencil legend "DANGER CONCEALED HIGH VOLTAGE WIRING" with 75-mm (3-inch) high black letters on 500-mm (20-inch) centers. Stop stripes at legends. Apply to the following finished surfaces:

1. Floor surface directly above conduits running beneath and within 300 mm (12 inches) of a floor that is in contact with earth or is framed above unexcavated space.

2. Wall surfaces directly external to raceways concealed within wall. 3. Accessible surfaces of concrete envelope around raceways in vertical shafts, exposed in

the building, or concealed above suspended ceilings.

B. Accessible Raceways and Metal-Clad Cables More Than 600 V: Identify with "DANGER-HIGH VOLTAGE" in black letters at least 50 mm (2 inches) high, with snap-around labels. Repeat legend at 3-m (10-foot) maximum intervals.

C. Accessible Raceways and Metal-Clad Cables, 600 V or Less, for Service, Feeder, and Branch Circuits More Than 30 A: Identify with orange snap-around label].

D. Accessible Raceways and Cables of Auxiliary Systems: Identify the following systems with color-coded, [self-adhesive vinyl tape applied in bands],[snap-around, color-coding bands]:

1. Fire Alarm System: Red. 2. Fire-Suppression Supervisory and Control System: Red and yellow. 3. Combined Fire Alarm and Security System: Red and blue. 4. Security System: Blue and yellow. 5. Mechanical and Electrical Supervisory System: Green and blue. 6. Telecommunication System: Green and yellow. 7. Control Wiring: Green and red.

E. Power-Circuit Conductor Identification: For primary and secondary conductors No. 1/0 AWG and larger in vaults, pull and junction boxes, manholes, and handholes use metal tags. Identify source and circuit number of each set of conductors. For single conductor cables, identify phase in addition to the above.

F. Branch-Circuit Conductor Identification: Where there are conductors for more than three branch circuits in same junction or pull box, use metal tags. Identify each ungrounded conductor according to source and circuit number.



G. Conductors to Be Extended in the Future: Attach write-on tags to conductors and list source and circuit number.

H. Auxiliary Electrical Systems Conductor Identification: Identify field-installed alarm, control, signal, sound, intercommunications, voice, and data connections.

1. Identify conductors, cables, and terminals in enclosures and at junctions, terminals, and pull points. Identify by system and circuit designation.

2. Use system of marker tape designations that is uniform and consistent with system used by manufacturer for factory-installed connections.

3. Coordinate identification with Project Drawings, manufacturer's wiring diagrams, and Operation and Maintenance Manual.

I. Locations of Underground Lines: Identify with underground-line warning tape for power, lighting, communication, and control wiring and optical fiber cable. Install underground-line warning tape for both direct-buried cables and cables in raceway.

J. Warning Labels for Indoor Cabinets, Boxes, and Enclosures for Power and Lighting: Comply with 29 CFR 1910.145 and apply self-adhesive warning labels. Identify system voltage with black letters on an orange background. Apply to exterior of door, cover, or other access.

1. Equipment with Multiple Power or Control Sources: Apply to door or cover of equipment including, but not limited to, the following:

a. Power transfer switches. b. Controls with external control power connections.

2. Equipment Requiring Workspace Clearance According to NFPA 70: Unless otherwise indicated, apply to door or cover of equipment but not on flush panelboards and similar equipment in finished spaces.

K. Instruction Signs:

1. Operating Instructions: Install instruction signs to facilitate proper operation and maintenance of electrical systems and items to which they connect. Install instruction signs with approved legend where instructions are needed for system or equipment operation.

2. Emergency Operating Instructions: Install instruction signs with white legend on a red background with minimum 10-mm (3/8-inch) high letters for emergency instructions at equipment used for power transfer and load shedding.

L. Equipment Identification Labels: On each unit of equipment, install unique designation label that is consistent with wiring diagrams, schedules, and Operation and Maintenance Manual. Apply labels to disconnect switches and protection equipment, central or master units, control panels, control stations, terminal cabinets, and racks of each system. Systems include power, lighting, control, communication, signal, monitoring, and alarm systems unless equipment is provided with its own identification.



1. Labeling Instructions:

a. Indoor Equipment: Engraved, laminated acrylic or melamine label. Unless otherwise indicated, provide a single line of text with 13-mm (1/2-inch) high letters on 38-mm (1-1/2-inch) high label; where 2 lines of text are required, use labels 50 mm (2 inches) high.

b. Outdoor Equipment: Engraved, laminated acrylic or melamine label. c. Elevated Components: Increase sizes of labels and letters to those appropriate for

viewing from the floor.

2. Equipment to Be Labeled:

a. Panelboards, electrical cabinets, and enclosures. b. Access doors and panels for concealed electrical items. c. Electrical switchgear and switchboards. d. Transformers. e. Electrical substations. f. Emergency system boxes and enclosures. g. Motor-control centers. h. Disconnect switches. i. Enclosed circuit breakers. j. Motor starters. k. Push-button stations. l. Power transfer equipment. m. Contactors. n. Remote-controlled switches, dimmer modules, and control devices. o. Battery inverter units. p. Battery racks. q. Power-generating units. r. Voice and data cable terminal equipment. s. Master clock and program equipment. t. Intercommunication and call system master and staff stations. u. Television/audio components, racks, and controls. v. Fire-alarm control panel and annunciators. w. Security and intrusion-detection control stations, control panels, terminal cabinets,

and racks. x. Monitoring and control equipment. y. Uninterruptible power supply equipment. z. Terminals, racks, and patch panels for voice and data communication and for

signal and control functions.



3.2 INSTALLATION

A. Verify identity of each item before installing identification products.

B. Location: Install identification materials and devices at locations for most convenient viewing without interference with operation and maintenance of equipment.

C. Apply identification devices to surfaces that require finish after completing finish work.

D. Self-Adhesive Identification Products: Clean surfaces before application, using materials and methods recommended by manufacturer of identification device.

E. Attach nonadhesive signs and plastic labels with screws and auxiliary hardware appropriate to the location and substrate.

F. System Identification Color Banding for Raceways and Cables: Each color band shall completely encircle cable or conduit. Place adjacent bands of two-color markings in contact, side by side. Locate bands at changes in direction, at penetrations of walls and floors, at 50-foot (15-m) maximum intervals in straight runs, and at 25-foot (7.6-m) maximum intervals in congested areas.

G. Color-Coding for Phase Identification, 600 V and Less: Use the colors listed below for ungrounded [service] [feeder] [branch-circuit] [service, feeder, and branch-circuit] conductors.

1. Color shall be factory applied . 2. Colors for 208/120-V Circuits:

a. Phase A: Black. b. Phase B: Red. c. Phase C: Blue.

3. Colors for 480/277-V Circuits:

a. Phase A: Brown. b. Phase B: Orange. c. Phase C: Yellow.

4. Field-Applied, Color-Coding Conductor Tape: Apply in half-lapped turns for a minimum distance of 150 mm (6 inches) from terminal points and in boxes where splices or taps are made. Apply last two turns of tape with no tension to prevent possible unwinding. Locate bands to avoid obscuring factory cable markings.

H. Metal Tags: Secure tight to surface of conductor or cable at a location with high visibility and accessibility.

I. Underground-Line Warning Tape: During backfilling of trenches install continuous underground-line warning tape directly above line at 150 to 200 mm (6 to 8 inches) below



finished grade. Use multiple tapes where width of multiple lines installed in a common trench or concrete envelope exceeds 400 mm (16 inches) overall.

J. Painted Identification: Prepare surface and apply paint according to Division 9 painting Sections.

K. TSS Identification:

1. Label wiring between TSS termination and EC terminations. 2. Label wiring at both ends and at intermediate points. 3. See OBO-ICS IBC Appendix M for additional requirements on color coding TSS

components.



ELECTRICAL TESTING SECTION 16080 - 1

SECTION 16080 - ELECTRICAL TESTING

PART 1 - GENERAL

1.1 SUMMARY

A. This Section includes general requirements for electrical field testing and inspecting. Detailed requirements are specified in each Section containing components that require testing. General requirements include the following:

1. Qualifications of testing agencies and their personnel. 2. Suitability of test equipment. 3. Calibration of test instruments. 4. Coordination requirements for testing and inspecting. 5. Reporting requirements for testing and inspecting.

B. Allowance: Refer to Division 1 Section "Allowances" for what is included in allowance amount, the amount of the allowance, payment procedures for allowances, changes to allowance amounts, and disposition of unused portions of allowance.


A. Testing Agency Qualifications: As specified in each Section containing electrical testing requirements and in subparagraph and associated subparagraph below.

1. Independent Testing Agencies: Independent of manufacturers, suppliers, and installers of components to be tested or inspected.

a. Testing Agency's Field Supervisor for Power Component Testing: Person currently certified by the InterNational Electrical Testing Association or the National Institute for Certification in Engineering Technologies to supervise on-site testing specified in Division 16 power component Sections.

B. Test Equipment Suitability: Comply with NETA ATS, Section 5.2.

C. Test Equipment Calibration: Comply with NETA ATS, Section 5.3.

PART 2 - NOT USED

PART 3 - EXECUTION

3.1 GENERAL TESTS AND INSPECTIONS


ELECTRICAL TESTING SECTION 16080 - 2

A. If a group of tests are specified to be performed by an independent testing agency, prepare systems, equipment, and components for tests and inspections, and perform preliminary tests to ensure that systems, equipment, and components are ready for independent agency testing. Include the following minimum preparations as appropriate:

1. Perform insulation-resistance tests. 2. Perform continuity tests. 3. Perform rotation test (for motors to be tested). 4. Provide a stable source of electrical power for test instrumentation at each test location.

B. Test and Inspection Reports: In addition to requirements specified elsewhere, report the following:

1. Manufacturer's written testing and inspecting instructions. 2. Calibration and adjustment settings of adjustable and interchangeable devices involved in

tests. 3. Tabulation of expected measurement results made before measurements. 4. Tabulation of "as-found" and "as-left" measurement and observation results.



CONDUCTORS AND CABLES SECTION 16120 - 1

SECTION 16120 - CONDUCTORS AND CABLES

PART 1 - GENERAL

1.1 SUMMARY

A. This Section includes building wires and cables and associated connectors, splices, and terminations for wiring systems rated 600 V and less.

B. Related Sections include the following: 1. Division 16700-series Sections for single-conductor and multiconductor cables, cable

splices, and terminations for electrical distribution systems with 2001 to 35,000 V.

1.2 SUBMITTALS


B. Qualification Data: For testing agency.

C. Field quality-control test reports.


A. Testing Agency Qualifications: Testing agency as defined by OSHA in 29 CFR 1910.7 or a member company of the InterNational Electrical Testing Association and that is acceptable to authorities having jurisdiction.

1. Testing Agency's Field Supervisor: Person currently certified by the InterNational Electrical Testing Association or the National Institute for Certification in Engineering Technologies to supervise on-site testing specified in Part 3.





PART 2 - PRODUCTS

2.1 CONDUCTORS AND CABLES

A. Refer to Part 3 "Conductor and Insulation Applications" Article for insulation type, cable construction, and ratings.

B. Conductor Material: Copper only complying with NEMA WC 5 or 7; solid conductor for 6.0 mm2 and smaller, stranded for 10.0 mm2 and larger. Copper shall be 98 percent conductivity and hard drawn.

C. Conductor Insulation Types: Type THHN-THWN, XHHW, or XHHW-2 complying with NEMA WC 5

1. International Type Cables: Requests for substitution of international type cables shall be processed through project substitution clauses and documentation, and acceptance must be obtained from COR based on input from an OBO/PDCS/DE electrical engineer. Cable ampacities for building power (110-VAC and higher) shall not exceed ampacities listed in National Electrical Code Table 310.16.

2.2 CONNECTORS AND SPLICES

A. Description: Factory-fabricated connectors and splices of size, ampacity rating, material, type, and class for application and service indicated.

PART 3 - EXECUTION

3.1 CONDUCTOR AND INSULATION APPLICATIONS

A. Service Entrance: Type XHHW or XHHW-2 single conductors in raceway.

B. Exposed Feeders: Type THHN-THWN, single conductors in raceway.

C. Feeders Concealed in Ceilings, Walls, and Partitions: Type THHN-THWN, single conductors in raceway.

D. Feeders Concealed in Concrete, below Slabs-on-Grade, and in Crawlspaces: Type THHN-THWN, single conductors in raceway.

E. Exposed Branch Circuits, including in Crawlspaces: Type THHN-THWN, single conductors in raceway.

F. Branch Circuits Concealed in Ceilings, Walls, and Partitions: Type THHN-THWN, single conductors in raceway.



G. Branch Circuits Concealed in Concrete and below Slabs-on-Grade: Type THHN-THWN, single conductors in raceway.

H. Underground Feeders and Branch Circuits:. Type THHN-THWN, single conductors in raceway.

I. Cord Drops and Portable Appliance Connections: Type SO, hard service cord.

J. Fire Alarm Circuits: Type THHN-THWN, in raceway.

K. Class 1 Control Circuits: Type THHN-THWN, in raceway.

L. Class 2 Control Circuits: Type THHN-THWN, in raceway.

M. Class 3 Control Circuits: Type THHN-THWN, in raceway.

N. Control wiring in raceway for 120 and 220 volt-volt circuits shall be minimum of 2.5 mm2 (#14 AWG) stranded copper and shall be rated for 600-volt service.

O. Neutral Conductor: Where a secondary distribution system requires a neutral conductor, a full-sized neutral conductor shall be used throughout the system, such that that neutral conductor is not shared with any other branch circuit or feeder. If the secondary distribution system supports computers or other equipment that generates harmonics, double size neutrals shall be run from the subpanel boards feeding this equipment back to the MDP or service entrance. Neutral buses shall be sized to accommodate these conductors.

P. Ground Conductor: Insulated equipment grounding conductors run with branch circuits shall be installed such that that conductor is not shared with any other branch circuit.

3.2 INSTALLATION

A. Conceal cables in finished walls, ceilings, and floors, unless otherwise indicated.

B. Use manufacturer-approved pulling compound or lubricant where necessary; compound used must not deteriorate conductor or insulation. Do not exceed manufacturer's recommended maximum pulling tensions and sidewall pressure values.

C. Use pulling means, including fish tape, cable, rope, and basket-weave wire/cable grips, that will not damage cables or raceway.

D. Install exposed cables parallel and perpendicular to surfaces of exposed structural members, and follow surface contours where possible.

E. Support cables according to Division 16 Section "Basic Electrical Materials and Methods."

F. Seal around cables penetrating fire-rated elements according to Division 7 Section "Through-Penetration Firestop Systems."



G. Identify and color-code conductors and cables according to Division 16 Section “Electrical Identification.”

H. Install outdoor underground feeders in concrete encased ductbank.

I. Each electronic equipment rack shall be fed by an individual circuit breaker protected branch circuit.

3.3 CONNECTIONS

A. Tighten electrical connectors and terminals according to manufacturer's published torque-tightening values. If manufacturer's torque values are not indicated, use those specified in UL 486A.

B. Make splices and taps that are compatible with conductor material and that possess equivalent or better mechanical strength and insulation ratings than unspliced conductors.

C. Wiring at Outlets: Install conductor at each outlet, with at least 300 mm of slack.


A. Testing: Perform the following field quality-control testing:

1. After installing conductors and cables and before electrical circuitry has been energized, test for compliance with requirements.

2. Perform each electrical test and visual and mechanical inspection stated in NETA ATS, Section 7.3.1. Certify compliance with test parameters.

B. Test Reports: Prepare a written report to record the following:

1. Test procedures used. 2. Test results that comply with requirements. 3. Test results that do not comply with requirements and corrective action taken to achieve

compliance with requirements.



RACEWAYS AND BOXES SECTION 16130 - 1

SECTION 16130 - RACEWAYS AND BOXES

PART 1 - GENERAL

1.1 SUMMARY

A. This Section includes raceways, fittings, boxes, enclosures, and cabinets for electrical wiring.


1. Division 2 Section "Underground Ducts and Utility Structures" for exterior ductbanks, manholes, and underground utility construction.

2. Division 7 Section "Through-Penetration Firestop Systems" for firestopping materials and installation at penetrations through walls, ceilings, and other fire-rated elements.

3. Division 16 Section "Basic Electrical Materials and Methods" for supports, anchors, and identification products.

4. Division 16 Section "Seismic Controls for Electrical Work" for seismic restraints and bracing of raceways, boxes, enclosures, and cabinets.

5. Division 16 Section "Wiring Devices" for devices installed in boxes and for floor-box service fittings.

C. This Section includes requirements for both Technical Security Systems (TSS) and general electrical systems. Refer to Section 13701, “Technical Security Systems (TSS) – General Requirements” and related TSS subsystem Sections for additional electrical infrastructure requirements, for deterrent, detection, and response systems, and for Security Management Systems Enterprise (SMSe).

1.2 DEFINITIONS

A. EMT: Electrical metallic tubing.

B. ENT: Electrical nonmetallic tubing.

C. FMC: Flexible metal conduit.

D. RMC: Rigid metal conduit.

E. LFMC: Liquidtight flexible metal conduit.

F. LFNC: Liquidtight flexible nonmetallic conduit.

G. RNC: Rigid nonmetallic conduit.



1.3 PERFORMANCE

A. Install raceway and conduit in manner that maintains required performances and ratings of walls.

1.4 SUBMITTALS

A. Non-TSS Product Data: For surface raceways, wireways and fittings, floor boxes, hinged-cover enclosures, and cabinets.

B. TSS Product Data: Similar as for non-TSS.

C. Non-TSS Shop Drawings: Show fabrication and installation details of components for raceways, fittings, boxes, enclosures, and cabinets. Detail assemblies and indicate dimensions, weights, loads, required clearances, method of field assembly, components, and location and size of each field connection.

D. TSS Shop Drawings: Similar as for non-TSS.

E. Coordination Drawings: Reflected ceiling plans drawn to scale and coordinating penetrations and ceiling-mounted items. Show the following:

1. Interaction of TSS and non-TSS infrastructure. 2. Ceiling suspension assembly members. 3. Method of attaching hangers to building structure. 4. Size and location of initial access modules for acoustical tile. 5. Ceiling-mounted items including lighting fixtures, diffusers, grilles, speakers, sprinklers,

access panels, and special moldings.




C. For TSS, perform quality control in coordination with and in accordance with Quality Assurance requirements in Section 13701, “TSS – General Requirements.”

1.6 COORDINATION

A. Coordinate layout and installation of raceways, boxes, enclosures, cabinets, and suspension system with other construction that penetrates ceilings or is supported by them, including light fixtures, HVAC equipment, fire-suppression system, and partition assemblies.



PART 2 - PRODUCTS

2.1 GENERAL

A. Approved Technical Security System Products: See Attachment B, “DS TSS Equipment List” to Section 13701, “TSS – General Requirements” for a listing of products that have been approved for use in DOS overseas facilities. The selection from this list shall be as appropriate for the project.

2.2 METAL CONDUIT AND TUBING

A. Rigid Steel Conduit: ANSI C80.1.

B. Plastic-Coated Steel Conduit and Fittings: NEMA RN 1.

C. Plastic-Coated IMC and Fittings: NEMA RN 1.

D. EMT and Fittings: ANSI C80.3.

1. Fittings: Compression type. Set screw type not permitted. 2. Connectors: Threaded / locknut type. Snap in type not permitted.

E. FMC: Zinc-coated steel.

F. LFMC: Flexible steel conduit with PVC jacket.

G. Fittings: NEMA FB 1; compatible with conduit and tubing materials.

2.3 NONMETALLIC CONDUIT AND TUBING

A. ENT: NEMA TC 13.

B. RNC: NEMA TC 2, Schedule 40 and Schedule 80 PVC.

C. ENT and RNC Fittings: NEMA TC 3; match to conduit or tubing type and material.

D. LFNC: UL 1660.

2.4 METAL WIREWAYS

A. Material and Construction: Sheet metal sized and shaped as indicated, NEMA 1 or NEMA 3R.

B. Fittings and Accessories: Include couplings, offsets, elbows, expansion joints, adapters, hold-down straps, end caps, and other fittings to match and mate with wireways as required for complete system.



C. Select features, unless otherwise indicated, as required to complete wiring system and to comply with NFPA 70.

D. Wireway Covers: Hinged type or as indicated.

E. Finish: Manufacturer's standard enamel finish.

2.5 NONMETALLIC WIREWAYS

A. Description: Fiberglass polyester, extruded and fabricated to size and shape indicated, with no holes or knockouts. Cover is gasketed with oil-resistant gasket material and fastened with captive screws treated for corrosion resistance. Connections are flanged, with stainless-steel screws and oil-resistant gaskets.

B. Description: PVC plastic, extruded and fabricated to size and shape indicated, with snap-on cover and mechanically coupled connections with plastic fasteners.

C. Fittings and Accessories: Include couplings, offsets, elbows, expansion joints, adapters, hold-down straps, end caps, and other fittings to match and mate with wireways as required for complete system.

D. Select features, unless otherwise indicated, as required to complete wiring system and to comply with NFPA 70.

2.6 SURFACE RACEWAYS

A. Above-Ground Raceways: Rigid galvanized steel conduit, intermediate metal conduit and corrosion-treated electrical metallic tubing shall be used as permitted by codes for above-ground installations and for wiring in non-hazardous areas of buildings. Aluminum and PVC conduit may be used only with the approval of DE/EEB in limited applications. Raceway installation in the ceiling space is preferred over installation in floor slabs.

B. Surface Nonmetallic Raceways: Two-piece construction, manufactured of rigid PVC compound with matte texture and manufacturer's standard color.

C. Types, sizes, and channels as indicated and required for each application, with fittings that match and mate with raceways.

2.7 BOXES, ENCLOSURES, AND CABINETS

A. Sheet Metal Outlet and Device Boxes: NEMA OS 1.

B. Cast-Metal Outlet and Device Boxes: NEMA FB 1, Type FD, with gasketed cover.

C. Nonmetallic Outlet and Device Boxes: NEMA OS 2.



D. Floor Boxes: Cast metal, fully adjustable, rectangular.

E. Floor Boxes: Nonmetallic, nonadjustable, round.

F. Pull Boxes and Junction Boxes - General:

1. Small Sheet Metal Pull and Junction Boxes: NEMA OS 1. 2. Cast-Metal Pull and Junction Boxes: NEMA FB 1, cast aluminum with gasketed cover. 3. Provide pull boxes and junction boxes with blank cover plates.

G. TSS Pull Boxes and Junction Boxes:

1. Provide pull boxes locating less than 3 meters above floor in Public Access Area spaces with lockable covers or tamper-proof screws.

2. Provide boxes with 25 mm minimum knockouts for TSS equipment.

H. Hinged-Cover Enclosures: NEMA 250, Type 1, with continuous hinge cover and flush latch.

1. Metal Enclosures: Steel, finished inside and out with manufacturer's standard enamel. 2. Nonmetallic Enclosures: Plastic, finished inside with radio-frequency-resistant paint.

I. Cabinets: NEMA 250, Type 1, 2 mm (14 gauge) galvanized steel box with removable interior panel and removable front, finished inside and out with manufacturer's standard enamel. Hinged door in front cover. Key latch as indicated. Include metal barriers to separate wiring of different systems and voltage and include accessory feet where required for freestanding equipment.

J. TSS Cabinets:

1. TSS EC is a low voltage (< 48 volts) interface cabinet. 2. Provide steel blank panel insert and locking handle.

K. TSS DIN Rail Terminals: Install in electrical cabinets located in EC Room and Sub-EC Rooms. Use these terminals to terminate cables in these cabinets in lieu of screw-type barrier strips to facilitate space utilization.


A. Finish: For raceway, enclosure, or cabinet components, provide manufacturer's standard prime-coat finish ready for field painting.

B. Finish: For raceway, enclosure, or cabinet components, provide manufacturer's standard paint applied to factory-assembled surface raceways, enclosures, and cabinets before shipping.



PART 3 - EXECUTION

3.1 RACEWAY APPLICATION

A. Outdoors - General:

1. Exposed: Rigid steel. 2. Concealed: Rigid steel. 3. Underground, Single Run: RNC. 4. Underground, Grouped: RNC. 5. Connection to Vibrating Equipment (Including Transformers and Hydraulic, Pneumatic,

Electric Solenoid, or Motor-Driven Equipment): LFMC. 6. Boxes and Enclosures: NEMA 250, Type 3R.

B. Outdoors - TSS: 1. Below-Grade: RNC. Provide change to metallic conduit using metallic elbow when

leaving conduction or ductbank to go above grade.

C. Indoors - General:

1. Exposed: EMT Conduits may be exposed in utility spaces such as electrical and mechanical rooms.

2. Concealed: EMT. 3. Connection to Vibrating Equipment (Including Transformers and Hydraulic, Pneumatic,

Electric Solenoid, or Motor-Driven Equipment): FMC; except use LFMC in damp or wet locations.

4. Damp or Wet Locations: Rigid steel conduit. 5. Boxes and Enclosures: NEMA 250, Type 1, except as follows:

a. Damp or Wet Locations: NEMA 250, Type 4, stainless steel.

6. Lighting fixtures “whips”: FMC or MC cable.

D. Indoors - TSS: 1. Inside Building Hardline: FMC with 27 mm min. I.D. and 2 meters max. length, or

EMT. 2. Outside Building Hardline: RMC, FMC, intermediate metal, or LFMC. 3. Protected Distribution System (PDS) Hardened Carrier: EMT, ferrous conduit or pipe, or

rigid-sheet steel duct. Elbows, couplings, nipples, and connectors shall match material used for carrier.

4. Wireless Distribution System (WDS): EMT. 5. Chemical Dispensing System: RMC between dispensers and control console in MSG

Post 1. No other device wiring is permitted in this system conduit.

E. Minimum Raceway Size: 21mm DN 21. Exception: 12mm as noted for specialized control conduits.



F. Raceway Fittings: Compatible with raceways and suitable for use and location.

1. Intermediate Steel Conduit: Use threaded rigid steel conduit fittings, unless otherwise indicated.

2. PVC Externally Coated, Rigid Steel Conduits: Use only fittings approved for use with that material. Patch all nicks and scrapes in PVC coating after installing conduits.

3. Use only compression type fittings on EMT; use of set screw fittings on EMT is not permitted.

G. Do not install aluminum conduits embedded in or in contact with concrete.

3.2 SHARED TSS AND NON-TSS INSTALLATION REQUIREMENTS

A. Keep raceways at least 150 mm away from parallel runs of flues and steam or hot-water pipes. Install horizontal raceway runs above water and steam piping.

B. Support raceways as specified in Division 16 Section "Basic Electrical Materials and Methods."

C. Install temporary closures to prevent foreign matter from entering raceways.

D. Protect stub-ups from damage where conduits rise through floor slabs. Arrange so curved portions of bends are not visible above the finished slab.

E. Make bends and offsets so ID is not reduced. Keep legs of bends in the same plane and keep straight legs of offsets parallel, unless otherwise indicated.

F. Conceal conduit and EMT within finished walls, ceilings, and floors, unless otherwise indicated.

1. Install concealed raceways with a minimum of bends in the shortest practical distance, considering type of building construction and obstructions, unless otherwise indicated.

G. Raceways Embedded in Slabs: Where permissible, install in middle 1/3 of slab thickness where practical and leave at least 50 mm of concrete cover.

1. Secure raceways to reinforcing rods to prevent sagging or shifting during concrete placement.

2. Space raceways laterally to prevent voids in concrete. 3. Run conduit larger than 25 mm parallel or at right angles to main reinforcement. Where

at right angles to reinforcement, place conduit close to slab support. 4. Change from nonmetallic tubing to Schedule 80 nonmetallic conduit, or rigid steel

conduit, before rising above the floor.



H. Install exposed raceways parallel or at right angles to nearby surfaces or structural members and follow surface contours as much as possible.

1. Run parallel or banked raceways together on common supports. 2. Make parallel bends in parallel or banked runs. Use factory elbows only where elbows

can be installed parallel; otherwise, provide field bends for parallel raceways.

I. Join raceways with fittings designed and approved for that purpose and make joints tight.

1. Use insulating bushings to protect conductors.

J. Terminations:

1. Where raceways are terminated with locknuts and bushings, align raceways to enter squarely and install locknuts with dished part against box. Use two locknuts, one inside and one outside box.

2. Where raceways are terminated with threaded hubs, screw raceways or fittings tightly into hub so end bears against wire protection shoulder. Where chase nipples are used, align raceways so coupling is square to box; tighten chase nipple so no threads are exposed.

K. Install pull wires in empty raceways. Use polypropylene or monofilament plastic line with not less than 90-kg tensile strength. Leave at least 300 mm of slack at each end of pull wire tied off with 25mm locknut.

L. Telephone and Signal System Raceways, 53 and Smaller: In addition to above requirements, install raceways in maximum lengths of 30 m and with a maximum of two 90-degree bends or equivalent. Separate lengths with pull or junction boxes where necessary to comply with these requirements. Pull or junction boxes shall not be used as a bend.

M. Install raceway sealing fittings at suitable, approved, and accessible locations and fill them with UL-listed sealing compound. For concealed raceways, install each fitting in a flush steel box with a blank cover plate having a finish similar to that of adjacent plates or surfaces. Install raceway sealing fittings at the following points:

1. Where conduits pass from warm to cold locations, such as boundaries of refrigerated spaces.

2. Where otherwise required by NFPA 70.

N. Stub-up Connections: Extend conduits through concrete floor for connection to freestanding equipment. Install with an adjustable top or coupling threaded inside for plugs set flush with finished floor. Extend conductors to equipment with rigid steel conduit; FMC or LFMC may be used 150 mm above the floor. Install screwdriver-operated, threaded plugs flush with floor for future equipment connections.

O. Flexible Connections: Use maximum of 1830 mm of flexible conduit for recessed and semirecessed lighting fixtures; for equipment subject to vibration, noise transmission, or movement; and for all motors. Use LFMC in damp or wet locations. Install separate ground conductor across flexible connections.



P. Surface Raceways: Install a separate, green, ground conductor in raceways from junction box supplying raceways to receptacle or fixture ground terminals.

Q. Set floor boxes level and flush with finished floor surface.

R. Set floor boxes level. Trim after installation to fit flush with finished floor surface.

S. Install hinged-cover enclosures and cabinets plumb. Support at each corner.

T. All branch circuit wiring supplying receptacles and pigtails to supply electrified furniture shall be run overhead above the suspended ceiling and shall not be run under, or embedded within, the concrete floor slab.

3.3 TSS INSTALLATION REQUIREMENTS

A. General:

1. See OBO-ICS IBC App. M, “Technical Security Details for Building Construction” for additional technical security system installation requirements.

2. TSS signal conductors shall not share same conduit, handholes, electrical cabinets, or junction boxes with power conductors.

3. Non-security signal and power conductors shall not be installed in conduits used for TSS signal and power conductors. a. The only exception is for chemical dispensing system.

4. All TSS cabling in MSG Post 1 shall come from Electrical Cabinet in EC Room. 5. Cabling between main compound building and outlying buildings shall run to Sub-EC in

outlying buildings and then connect to appropriate guard location for each building. 6. Use cable management devices such as cable hangers and wire ducts to ensure facilitate

orderly and clear appearance.

B. Conduit:

1. At transitions from below grade to above grade conduit routing, use metallic elbows at least 3 meters outside of building wall to change from below grade RNC to above grade metallic conduit.

2. Where transiting building hardline, physically protect conduit be means such as embedding conduit in concrete.

3. Conduit above ceiling may be surface mounted. 4. Route TSS conduits to minimize conduits in areas external to building hardline.

C. Pull Boxes:

1. Install pull boxes at every other 90-degree bend. 2. Locate pull boxes at maximum 15 meter intervals on conduction. 3. Pull boxes shall be accessible to installer using ladder for installation, and inspectable

when installed above ceiling grid. 4. Once installation is completed, seal pull boxes with tamper-proof screws, and apply label

reading “Do Not Use.”



D. Junction Boxes:

1. Junction boxes serving TSS shall be metallic and serve TSS only. 2. Junction boxes may be surface mounted above the ceiling where applicable.

E. Electrical Cabinets and Sub-Electrical Cabinets:

1. Main EC shall be placed in primary compound building. Sub-ECs shall be located in outlying buildings (e.g,, CACs, MSGQ).

2. Electrical cabinets or sub-electrical cabinets shall serve as central termination for TSS conduits and signal wiring.

3. Install electrical cabinets and sub-electrical cabinets to allow at least 50 mm clearance on sides or ends of cabinets, and between conduit and wall, to facilitate installation of lock-nut and bushing terminations.

4. The Main EC is the interface cabinet tying all TSS terminal equipment into the controls in the EC Room or MSG Post 1. a. Exception: Chemical dispensing system.

5. Component Mounting: Components mounted into the ECs and Sub-ECs shall use DS-approved DIN rail connectors to minimize space utilization.

6. Provide separate Active Barrier Sub-EC in CAC building which performs vehicle inspections.

7. Provide separate, dedicated EC for video signals and CCTV power wiring.

F. Power Raceway and Wiring Ducts:

1. Within EC Room, use raceways or wiring ducts.

G. Active Vehicle Barrier Controls:

1. Route conduit from Active Barrier EC to MSG Post 1 through Main EC Room. 2. Segregate barrier control wiring from all other wiring.

H. Door Control:

1. Terminations: Install short conduit from junction box positioned above door directly into door lintel. Install junction boxes on secure side of door, and above ceiling where applicable.

2. Route all door control cables from door to the Main Electrical Cabinet. 3. Wire doors designated for monitoring only to EC, and extend to annunciation panels in

MSG Post 1 or appropriate Intrusion Detection System (IDS). See Section 13703, “Technical Security Detection Systems” for IDS system.



I. Intrusion Detection System (IDS):

1. Terminate unused monitor zones in EC. 2. Enhanced IDS:

a. Signal wiring between enhanced IDS input module and end sensor are not permitted to transit unprotected space.

b. Input Module, Output Module, Alphanumeric Touchpad, Encryption Modules, Automation Modules:

J. Duress Buttons:

1. Terminate unused alarm system zones with resistors in EC.

K. Security Management Systems Enterprise (SMSe):

1. Connect workstations in MSG Post 1 and EC Room by conduit to EC Room. Connect workstations to TSS Panel “EU”; see Section 16442, “Panelboards.”

2. Install conduit between EC Room and IRM Server Room for future interconnections. 3. Install conduit between EC Room and each Chancery entrance door (ingress only) for

Automated Access Control System (AACS). 4. Wireless Distribution System (WDS): Provide dedicated conduit, cabling, and power

infrastructure for WDS. a. No other wiring, including other security wiring, is permitted to share conduit

with WDS. b. Use compression box connectors only to connect lengths of conduit. Install

compression box connector at each end of conduit body for connections to pull box, utility box, cabinet, or junction box.

c. WDS conduit infrastructure shall consist of vertical riser and horizontal runs. The vertical riser originates in Main EC Room through dedicated riser pull boxes located in same location as TSS riser closet. The horizontal run on CAA floors shall be located above ceiling grid outside of each CAA suite entrance door. If necessary, multiple WDS runs may share same conduit run. Run cable from WDS riser pull box to each CAA suite pull box.

5. Refer to “SMSe Hardware Block Diagram” in Attachment A to Section 13705, “Security Mangement System Enterprise (SMSe)” for diagrammatic interaction of SMSe with technical security components.

L. Protected Distribution System (PDS): PDS is required only for SMSe, and only if SMSe workstation in MSG Post 1 is not adjacent to EC Room.

1. Permanently seal couplings and connectors to pull box connection with compression connectors using J-B Weld Bond or equivalent.

2. Pull Boxes: If pull boxes are used, boxes shall be secured with DS-approved padlock, and covers contain non-removable pin hinges. Boxes with pre-punched knockouts are not permitted.

3. Inspectable Installation: Boxes and fittings shall be fully inspectable when installed above ceiling grid.



M. Safe Havens and Safe Areas:

1. Run cabling for equipment on this rack from Safe Haven/Area to EC Room. Unless otherwise indicated, install two conduits between EAP racks and EC.

2. Safe Havens and Safe Areas: Install Sub-EC on wall behind EAP rack for interconnection of EAP wiring and conduit to main EC.

3.4 PROTECTION

A. Provide final protection and maintain conditions that ensure coatings, finishes, and cabinets are without damage or deterioration at time of Substantial Completion.

1. Repair damage to galvanized finishes with zinc-rich paint recommended by manufacturer.

2. Repair damage to PVC or paint finishes with matching touchup coating recommended by manufacturer.

3.5 CLEANING

A. After completing installation of exposed, factory-finished raceways and boxes, inspect exposed finishes and repair damaged finishes.



WIRING DEVICES SECTION 16140 - 1

SECTION 16140 - WIRING DEVICES

PART 1 - GENERAL

1.1 SUMMARY


1. Single and duplex receptacles, ground-fault circuit interrupters, and integral surge suppression units.

2. Single- and double-pole snap switches and dimmer switches. 3. Device wall plates. 4. Floor service outlets and multioutlet assemblies.

B. This Section includes requirements for both Technical Security Systems (TSS) and general electrical systems. Refer to Section 13701, “Technical Security Systems (TSS) – General Requirements” and related TSS subsystem Sections for additional electrical infrastructure requirements, for deterrent, detection, and response systems, and for Security Management Systems Enterprise (SMSe).

1.2 DEFINITIONS

A. EMI: Electromagnetic interference.

B. GFCI: Ground-fault circuit interrupter, unless noted otherwise.

C. PVC: Polyvinyl chloride.

D. TVSS: Transient voltage surge suppressor.

1.3 SUBMITTALS


B. Shop Drawings: List of legends and description of materials and process used for premarking wall plates.

C. Field quality-control test reports.




A. Source Limitations: Obtain each type of wiring device through one source from a single manufacturer.

B. Electrical Components, Devices, and Accessories: Listed and labeled as defined in NFPA 70, Article 100, and marked for intended use.


D. For TSS, perform quality control in coordination with and in accordance with Quality Assurance requirements in Section 13701, “TSS – General Requirements.”

1.5 COORDINATION

A. Receptacles for Government-Furnished Equipment: Match plug configurations.

1. Cord and Plug Sets: Match equipment requirements.

PART 2 - PRODUCTS

2.1 GENERAL


2.2 WIRING DEVICES, GENERAL

A. Wiring Devices: Provide U.S. NEMA type wiring devices and associated devices, boxes, and covers in the CAA. Outside the CAA all wiring devices shall be the U.S. NEMA type; with written approval of COR based on input from OBO/PDCS/DE electrical engineer, exceptions may be made to use local devices. Receptacles other than 120-volt or 220-volt general-purpose convenience outlets shall be marked on the cover plates with voltage, amperage, phase, and frequency. Matching plugs shall be provided.

B. Wire and Cable: Select types of insulation according to the application. See NFPA 70 for insulation types, operating temperatures, ambient temperature, and voltage classes. Cable and wire sizes, types, and insulation shall be in accordance with U.S. standards in order to obtain suitable quality transmission for security, data, and other signal cables. Provide solid conductors for conductors sized 6.0 mm2 and smaller. Provide stranded conductors for conductors sized 10 mm2 and larger. Provide copper branch circuits and feeder conductors sized at 125 percent of full load capacity. Use full-sized neutral conductor and a separate ground conductor for each circuit. Circuits and feeders that supply power for electronic



equipment may require an oversized neutral to compensate for high harmonic neutral currents; such feeders shall be identified and the neutral increased to a minimum of two times full rated size. Non-metallic sheathed cable (“Romex”) is prohibited, and armored or metal clad cable, Types AC or MC is prohibited except as permitted in limited applications by COR based on input from OBO/PDCS/DE electrical engineer.

C. Overload Protection: Copper conductors shall be provided overload protection in accordance with NEC Table 310-6. Overload protection shall not exceed 15A for 2.5 mm2 conductors, 20A for 4.0 mm2 conductors or 30A for 6.0 mm2 conductors.

2.3 RECEPTACLES

A. Receptacles, General: General-purpose receptacles shall be installed on 15 and 20-amp branch circuits, and shall be of the grounding type with effective grounding contacts. NEMA type receptacles shall be used in all spaces. A mix of NEMA type receptacles and local standard receptacles may be used in non-CAA spaces with the approval of COR based on input from OBO/PDCS/DE electrical engineer. Local standard receptacles may be rated 220V, 13A or 16A. Flexible arrangements, such as for floor outlets or cable trays in office areas shall be provided to allow for partition rearrangement. An underfloor duct system shall not be used except where specifically requested by OBO. GFCI protection shall be provided for receptacles in bathrooms, kitchen, other wet areas and outdoors per NFPA 70 requirements. Where 220V circuits are used, GFCI circuit breakers may be required in lieu of protection at the receptacle. Provide at least the following number of receptacles in each space:

B. Straight-Blade and Twist Locking Receptacles: Heavy-Duty grade. NEMA 6-20R for 220V, 230V, or 240V applications.

1. Exception for TSS: NEMA 5-20R where 120V is used in lieu of 220V, 230V, or 240V applications.

C. GFCI Receptacles Shall not be used. Outlets designated for GFCI protection shall be fed from a GFCI circuit breaker. One GFCI breaker, rated for 10mA ground fault trip, 50Hz, 240V (line to ground) shall be installed in an enclosure adjacent to the first receptacle in the branch circuit. This breaker will provide ground fault protection for all receptacles in the circuit.

D. Provide one 20 A and one 15 A cord plug cap for each duplex receptacle, Hubbell HBL5466C or equal, and two of each for each quadraplex receptacle. Plug caps shall be of the grounding type, utilizing only screw terminals for terminating conductors.

2.4 SWITCHES

A. Single- and Double-Pole Switches: Comply with DSCC W-C-896F and UL 20.

B. Snap Switches: Heavy-Duty grade, quiet type.



C. Dimmer Switches: Modular, full-wave, solid-state units with integral, quiet on/off switches and audible frequency and EMI/RFI filters.

1. Control: Continuously adjustable slider; with single-pole or three-way switching to suit connections.

2. Use fluorescent lamp dimmer switches below with compatible dimming-type ballasts. Coordinate with Division 16 Section, "Interior Lighting." Use uniform ballast and lamp types to obtain consistent dimming characteristics.

D. Fluorescent Lamp Dimmer Switches: Modular; compatible with dimmer ballasts; trim potentiometer to adjust low-end dimming; dimmer-ballast combination capable of consistent dimming with low end not greater than 20 percent of full brightness.

2.5 WALL PLATES

A. Single and combination types to match corresponding wiring devices.

1. Plate-Securing Screws: Metal with head color to match plate finish. 2. Material for Finished Spaces: 1-mm- thick, brushed stainless steel. 3. Material for Unfinished Spaces: Galvanized steel

2.6 FLOOR SERVICE FITTINGS

A. Type: Modular, flush-type, dual-service units suitable for wiring method used.

B. Power Receptacle: NEMA , Configuration 6-20R, unless otherwise indicated. Colors to match interior color scheme approved by the COR.

C. Signal Outlet: Blank cover with bushed cable opening, unless otherwise indicated.

2.7 MULTIOUTLET ASSEMBLIES

A. Components of Assemblies: Products from a single manufacturer designed for use as a complete, matching assembly of raceways and receptacles.

B. Wire: 4.0 mm2.

2.8 FINISHES

A. Color:

1. All device faceplate shall have brushed stainless steel finish.



PART 3 - EXECUTION

3.1 INSTALLATION - GENERAL

A. Install devices and assemblies level, plumb, and square with building lines.

B. Install wall dimmers to achieve indicated rating after derating for ganging according to manufacturer's written instructions.

C. Install unshared neutral conductors on line and load side of dimmers according to manufacturers' written instructions.

D. Arrangement of Devices: Unless otherwise indicated, mount flush, with long dimension vertical, and with grounding terminal of receptacles on top. Group adjacent switches under single, multigang wall plates where possible.

E. Remove wall plates and protect devices and assemblies during painting.

F. Adjust locations of floor service outlets to suit arrangement of partitions and furnishings.

3.2 INSTALLATION – TECHNICAL SECURITY SYSTEMS (TSS)

A. SMSe:

1. Provide two 120 VAC, 20 Amp circuits with dedicated quad outlets from TSS “EU” panel in EC Room for Wireless Distribution System (WDS) control equipment.

2. Provide one 120 VAC, 20 Amp circuits with dedicated duplex outlet, from TSS “ER” power, in each riser closet associated with WDS riser pull boxes.

3.3 IDENTIFICATION

A. Comply with Division 16 Section ," Electrical Identification."

1. Receptacles: Identify panelboard and circuit number from which served. Use hot, stamped or engraved machine printing with black-filled lettering on face of plate, and durable wire markers or tags inside outlet boxes.

2. Switches: Where three or more switches are ganged, and elsewhere as indicated, identify each switch with approved legend engraved on wall plate.



3.4 CONNECTIONS

A. Ground equipment according to Division 16 Section, "Grounding and Bonding."

B. Connect wiring according to Division 16 Section, "Conductors and Cables."

C. Tighten electrical connectors and terminals according to manufacturer's published torque-tightening values. If manufacturer's torque values are not indicated, use those specified in UL 486A.


A. Perform the following field tests and inspections and prepare test reports:

1. After installing wiring devices and after electrical circuitry has been energized, test for proper polarity, ground continuity, and compliance with requirements.

2. Test GFCI operation with both local and remote fault simulations according to manufacturer's written instructions.

B. Remove malfunctioning units, replace with new units, and retest as specified above.



ENCLOSED SWITCHES AND CIRCUIT BREAKERS SECTION 16410 - 1

SECTION 16410 - ENCLOSED SWITCHES AND CIRCUIT BREAKERS

PART 1 - GENERAL

1.1 SUMMARY

A. This Section includes individually mounted enclosed switches and circuit breakers used for the following:

1. Service disconnecting means. 2. Feeder and branch-circuit protection. 3. Motor and equipment disconnecting means.


1. Division 16 Section "Wiring Devices" for attachment plugs, receptacles, and toggle switches used for disconnecting means.

2. Division 16 Section "Switchboards" for individually enclosed, fusible switches used as feeder protection.

3. Division 16 Section "Fuses" for fusible devices.

C. This Section includes requirements for both Technical Security Systems (TSS) and general electrical systems. Refer to Section 13701, “Technical Security Systems (TSS) – General Requirements” and related TSS subsystem Sections for additional TSS electrical infrastructure requirements.

1.2 DEFINITIONS

A. GFCI: Ground-fault circuit interrupter.

B. RMS: Root mean square.

C. SPDT: Single pole, double throw.



1.3 SUBMITTALS

A. Product Data - General: For each type of enclosed switch, circuit breaker, accessory, and component indicated. Include dimensioned elevations, sections, weights, and manufacturers' technical data on features, performance, electrical characteristics, ratings, and finishes.

1. Enclosure types and details for types other than NEMA 250, Type 1. 2. Current and voltage ratings. 3. Short-circuit current rating. 4. Features, characteristics, ratings, and factory settings of individual overcurrent protective

devices and auxiliary components.

B. Product Data – TSS: For components which exclusively serve technical security systems.

C. Shop Drawings – Non-TSS: Diagram power, signal, and control wiring. Show significant interaction with TSS components.

D. Shop Drawings – TSS: Show TSS components and significant interaction with non-TSS components.

E. Manufacturer Seismic Qualification Certification: Submit certification that enclosed switches and circuit breakers, accessories, and components will withstand seismic forces defined in Division 16 Section "Electrical Supports and Seismic Restraints." Include the following:

1. Basis of Certification: Indicate whether withstand certification is based on actual test of assembled components or on calculation.

a. The term "withstand" means "the unit will remain in place without separation of any parts from the device when subjected to the seismic forces specified."

b. The term "withstand" means "the unit will remain in place without separation of any parts from the device when subjected to the seismic forces specified and the unit will be fully operational after the seismic event."

2. Dimensioned Outline Drawings of Equipment Unit: Identify center of gravity and locate and describe mounting and anchorage provisions.

3. Detailed description of equipment anchorage devices on which the certification is based and their installation requirements.

F. Qualification Data: For testing agency.

G. Field quality-control test reports including the following:

1. Test procedures used. 2. Test results that comply with requirements. 3. Results of failed tests and corrective action taken to achieve test results that comply with

requirements.

H. TSS Quality Control Checklists: Submit completed checklists in accordance with Article on “Quality Assurance.”



I. Manufacturer's field service report.

J. Operation and Maintenance Data: For enclosed switches and circuit breakers to include in emergency, operation, and maintenance manuals. In addition to items specified in Division 1 include the following:

1. Manufacturer's written instructions for testing and adjusting enclosed switches and circuit breakers.

2. Time-current curves, including selectable ranges for each type of circuit breaker.


A. Testing Agency Qualifications: Testing agency that is a member company of the InterNational Electrical Testing Association and that is acceptable to authorities having jurisdiction.

1. Testing Agency's Field Supervisor: Person currently certified by the InterNational Electrical Testing Association or National Institute for Certification in Engineering Technologies to supervise on-site testing specified in Part 3.


C. Comply with NEMA AB 1 and NEMA KS 1.

D. Comply with NFPA 70.

E. Product Selection for Restricted Space: Drawings indicate maximum dimensions for enclosed switches and circuit breakers, including clearances between enclosures, and adjacent surfaces and other items. Comply with indicated maximum dimensions.

F. TSS Quality Control Checklists: Perform quality control in accordance with Article on “Quality Assurance” in Section 13701, “TSS – General Requirements.”


A. Environmental Limitations: Rate equipment for continuous operation under the following conditions, unless otherwise indicated:

1. Ambient Temperature: Not less than minus 30 deg C and not exceeding 50 deg C. 2. Altitude: Not exceeding 1829 m.



1.6 COORDINATION

A. Coordinate layout and installation of switches, circuit breakers, and components with other construction, including conduit, piping, equipment, and adjacent surfaces. Maintain required workspace clearances and required clearances for equipment access doors and panels.

1.7 EXTRA MATERIALS


1. Spares: For the following:

a. Potential Transformer Fuses: 6 b. Control-Power Fuses: 6 c. Fuses and Fusible Devices for Fused Circuit Breakers: 6 d. Fuses for Fused Switches: 6 e. Fuses for Fused Power-Circuit Devices: 6

2. Spare Indicating Lights: Six (6) of each type installed.

PART 2 - PRODUCTS

2.1 FUSIBLE AND NONFUSIBLE SWITCHES

A. Fusible Switch, 800 A and Smaller: NEMA KS 1, Type HD, with clips or bolt pads to accommodate specified fuses, lockable handle with capability to accept two padlocks, and interlocked with cover in closed position.

B. Nonfusible Switch, Safety Switch: NEMA KS 1, Type HD, lockable handle with capability to accept two padlocks, and interlocked with cover in closed position.

2.2 MOLDED-CASE CIRCUIT BREAKERS AND SWITCHES

A. Molded-Case Circuit Breaker: NEMA AB 1, with interrupting capacity to meet available fault currents.

1. Thermal-Magnetic Circuit Breakers: Inverse time-current element for low-level overloads and instantaneous magnetic trip element for short circuits. Adjustable magnetic trip setting for circuit-breaker frame sizes 250 A and larger.

2. Adjustable Instantaneous-Trip Circuit Breakers: Magnetic trip element with front-mounted, field-adjustable trip setting.



3. Electronic Trip-Unit Circuit Breakers: RMS sensing; field-replaceable rating plug; with the following field-adjustable settings:

a. Instantaneous trip. b. Long- and short-time pickup levels. c. Long- and short-time time adjustments. d. Ground-fault pickup level, time delay, and I2t response.

4. Current-Limiting Circuit Breakers: Frame sizes 400 A and smaller and let-through ratings less than NEMA FU 1, RK-5.

5. Integrally Fused Circuit Breakers: Thermal-magnetic trip element with integral limiter-style fuse listed for use with circuit breaker and trip activation on fuse opening or on opening of fuse compartment door.

6. GFCI Circuit Breakers: Single- and two-pole configurations with [5] [30]-mA trip sensitivity.

B. Molded-Case Circuit-Breaker Features and Accessories:

1. Standard frame sizes, trip ratings, and number of poles. 2. Lugs: Mechanical style with compression lug kits suitable for number, size, trip ratings,

and conductor material. 3. Application Listing: Type SWD for switching fluorescent lighting loads; Type HACR

for heating, air-conditioning, and refrigerating equipment. 4. Ground-Fault Protection: Integrally mounted relay and trip unit with adjustable pickup

and time-delay settings, push-to-test feature, and ground-fault indicator. 5. Communication Capability: Circuit-breaker-mounted communication module with

functions and features compatible with power monitoring and control system specified in Division 16 Section "Electrical Power Monitoring and Control."

6. Shunt Trip: 120-V trip coil energized from separate circuit, set to trip at [55] [75] percent of rated voltage.

7. Undervoltage Trip: Set to operate at 35 to 75 percent of rated voltage with field adjustable 0.1 to 0.6 second time delay.

8. Auxiliary Switch: with "a" and "b" contacts; "a" contacts mimic circuit-breaker contacts, "b" contacts operate in reverse of circuit-breaker contacts.

9. Key Interlock Kit: Externally mounted to prohibit circuit-breaker operation; key shall be removable only when circuit breaker is in off position.

10. Zone-Selective Interlocking: Integral with electronic trip unit; for interlocking ground-fault protection function.



2.3 TECHNICAL SECURITY SYSTEMS (TSS)

A. General: See Attachment B to Section 13701, “Technical Security System (TSS) – General Requirements” for a listing of products that have been approved for use on technical security systems.

B. Voltage Regulator (VR) Transfer Switch: Provide three-pole, double-throw transfer switch rated for 240 VAC, 250 VDC at 30 Amps.

C. Uninterruptible Power System (UPS) Bypass Switch: Provide UPS bypass switch to facilitate providing power to Panel ‘EU” in event of UPS failure.

2.4 ENCLOSURES

A. NEMA AB 1 and NEMA KS 1 to meet environmental conditions of installed location.

1. Outdoor Locations: NEMA 250, Type 3R. 2. Kitchen Areas: NEMA 250, Type 4X, stainless steel. 3. Other Wet or Damp Indoor Locations: NEMA 250, Type 4. 4. Hazardous Areas Indicated on Drawings: NEMA 250, Type 7C.


A. Manufacturer’s standard prime-coat ready for field painting.

B. Finish: Manufacturer’s standard paint applied to factory-assembled and tested enclosures before shipping.

PART 3 - EXECUTION

3.1 EXAMINATION

A. Examine elements and surfaces to receive enclosed switches and circuit breakers for compliance with installation tolerances and other conditions affecting performance.

1. Proceed with installation only after unsatisfactory conditions have been corrected.

3.2 INSTALLATION

A. Comply with applicable portions of NECA 1, NEMA PB 1.1, and NEMA PB 2.1 for installation of enclosed switches and circuit breakers.

B. Mount individual wall-mounting switches and circuit breakers with tops at uniform height, unless otherwise indicated. Anchor floor-mounting switches to concrete base.



C. Comply with mounting and anchoring requirements specified in Division 16 Section "Seismic Controls for Electrical Work."

D. Temporary Lifting Provisions: Remove temporary lifting eyes, channels, and brackets and temporary blocking of moving parts from enclosures and components.

3.3 TSS INSTALLATION

A. See OBO-ICS IBC App. M, “Technical Security Details for Building Construction” for additional technical security system installation requirements.

B. Install TSS subsystems as indicated on TSS drawings.

3.4 IDENTIFICATION

A. Identify field-installed conductors, interconnecting wiring, and components; provide warning signs as specified in Division 16 Section Electrical Identification."

B. Enclosure Nameplates: Label each enclosure with engraved metal or laminated-plastic nameplate mounted with corrosion-resistant screws.

3.5 CONNECTIONS

A. Install equipment grounding connections for switches and circuit breakers with ground continuity to main electrical ground bus.

B. Install power wiring. Install wiring between switches and circuit breakers, and control and indication devices.

C. Tighten electrical connectors and terminals according to manufacturer's published torque-tightening values. If manufacturer's torque values are not indicated, use those specified in UL 486A and UL 486B.


A. Manufacturer's Field Service: Engage a factory-authorized service representative to inspect, pretest, and adjust field-assembled components and equipment installation, including connections, and to assist in field testing. Report results in writing.



B. Prepare for acceptance testing as follows:

1. Inspect mechanical and electrical connections. 2. Verify switch and relay type and labeling verification. 3. Verify rating of installed fuses. 4. Inspect proper installation of type, size, quantity, and arrangement of mounting or

anchorage devices complying with manufacturer's certification.

C. Testing Agency: Engage a qualified testing and inspecting agency to perform field tests and inspections and prepare test reports.

D. Perform the following field tests and inspections and prepare test reports:

1. Test mounting and anchorage devices according to requirements in Division 16 Section "Seismic Controls for Electrical Work."

2. Perform each electrical test and visual and mechanical inspection stated in NETA ATS, Section 7.5 for switches and Section 7.6 for molded-case circuit breakers. Certify compliance with test parameters.

3. Correct malfunctioning units on-site, where possible, and retest to demonstrate compliance; otherwise, replace with new units and retest.

4. Infrared Scanning:

a. Initial Infrared Scanning: After Substantial Completion, but not more than 60 days after Final Acceptance, perform an infrared scan of each enclosed switch and circuit breaker. Open or remove doors or panels so connections are accessible to portable scanner.

b. Follow-Up Infrared Scanning: Perform an additional follow-up infrared scan of each unit 11 months after date of Substantial Completion.

c. Instruments, Equipment and Reports:

1) Use an infrared scanning device designed to measure temperature or to detect significant deviations from normal values. Provide calibration record for device.

2) Prepare a certified report that identifies enclosed switches and circuit breakers included and describes scanning results. Include notation of deficiencies detected, remedial action taken, and observations after remedial action.

3.7 ADJUSTING

A. Set field-adjustable switches and circuit-breaker trip ranges.



3.8 CLEANING

A. On completion of installation, vacuum dirt and debris from interiors; do not use compressed air to assist in cleaning.

B. Inspect exposed surfaces and repair damaged finishes.


U.S. Embassy Vas Sofias CAC OBO Project June 2, 2006

Athens, Greece

FEEDERS AND BRANCH CIRCUITRY 16424-1

SECTION 16424

FEEDERS AND BRANCH CIRCUITRY

PART 1 - GENERAL

1.1 RELATED DOCUMENTS

A. Drawings and general provisions of the Contract, including General and Supplementary

Conditions and Division 1 Specification Sections, apply to this Section.

B. The Contractor is required to implement practices and procedures to meet the project’s

environmental goals, which include achieving a LEED Building rating. DIVISION 1 –

GENERAL REQUIREMENTS include LEED procedures and project goals which impact work

of this Section

1.2 SUMMARY

A. This Section includes basic requirements for the installation of light and power feeders and

circuitry run at less than 600 volts.

B. Related Sections: The following sections contain requirements that relate to this Section:

1. Division 16, Section "Raceways and Boxes."

2. Division 16, Section "Conductor and Cables."

3. Division 16, Section "Panelboards."

1.3 SUBMITTALS

A. General: Submit the following in accordance with Conditions of Contract and Division 1

Specification Sections.

B. Circuited up "as-built" drawings and panel directories as called for in the Division 16 related

sections.


A. Comply with NFPA 70.

PART 2 - PRODUCTS

2.1 GENERAL

A. Products shall be as specified in the Division 16 related sections.


Athens, Greece


PART 3 - EXECUTION

3.1 INSTALLATION OF FEEDERS

A. Feeder connections shall be in the phase rotation which establishes proper operation for all

equipment supplied.

B. Feeders consisting of multiple cables and raceways shall be arranged such that each raceway of

the feeder contains one cable for each phase leg (and one neutral cable if any).

C. Each individual tap off a feeder which consists of multiple cables per phase (and neutral if any)

shall be arranged so that all of the cables of a phase leg (and neutral if any) of the feeder are

connected to the corresponding phase leg (and neutral if any) of the individual tap.

D. Indications of conductor sizing for three phase and three phase/four wire feeders shall, unless

otherwise noted on the drawings, be understood as follows:

1. (3) equally sized conductors plus (1) smaller conductor represents a three phase/three wire

feeder plus ground wire.

2. (4) equally sized conductors plus (1) smaller conductor represents a three phase/four wire

feeder plus ground wire).

3.2 INSTALLATION OF LIGHTING AND APPLIANCE BRANCH CIRCUITRY

A. Circuitry indicated without sizing shall be understood to be lighting and appliance branch

circuitry protected at 20 amps or less.

B. Conform all lighting and appliance branch circuitry (regardless of whether protected above or

below 20 amps) to the following:

1. Except as noted below, circuitry shall be multi-wire utilizing common neutrals arranged so

that no neutral conductor acts as a common wire for more than one circuit conductor

connected to the same phase leg of the supply system.

2. Branch circuitry supplying relay controlled lighting fixtures shall be understood to include

all necessary interconnections between the control panels containing the relays and the

associated lighting or appliance panels.

3. Under no condition shall any local switch break a neutral conductor.

4. Raceway sizes shall conform to standard maximum permissible occupancy requirements

except where these are exceeded by other requirements specified elsewhere.

5. Two and three pole branches in panels shall be used respectively for individual single

phase load items connected line to line and individual three phase load items. Where

circuitry indications require the use of 2-pole and/or 3-pole branch breakers which have

not been scheduled, provide in the panelboards the required multi-pole breakers in lieu of

the equivalent number of single pole branch breakers. Required quantities of single, two

and three pole branch breakers shall be confirmed prior to ordering panels.


Athens, Greece


C. Conform lighting and appliance branch circuitry, indicated as being protected at 20 amps or less,

to the following:

1. 220 volt circuitry shall be supplied from 20 amp panel branches except as indicated, and

as noted below:

2. Except as specified below, minimum conductor size shall be #12 AWG.

3. Common neutrals shall not be utilized for circuitry runs containing more than (6) 120 volt

receptacle circuits within a single raceway (conduit).

4. Conductors for 220 volt circuitry extending in excess of 50 m, from the point of supply, to

the first outlet shall be #10 AWG (minimum) copper to the first outlet. Increase beyond

#10 AWG if required for compliance with code-mandated voltage drop restrictions.

5. Conductors used in runs consisting of more than six wires (exclusive of grounding

conductors) in a single raceway shall be #10 AWG copper minimum. Increase beyond

#10 AWG as required to comply with code-mandated derating factors, and as specified

hereinbefore.

6. Circuits supplying receptacles located as noted below, shall be provided with ground fault

interrupting features:

a. Receptacles located in bathrooms. Bathrooms shall be defined as spaces

containing a basin plus a toilet, tub or shower.

b. Receptacles located within 2 m of any sink and intended to serve counter top

surfaces.

c. All receptacles mounted on building exterior surfaces including those on

balconies.

d. All receptacles mounted in elevator machine rooms, machinery spaces and pits.

7. Circuits supplying pipe tracing cable, shall be connected to panel branches equipped with

30 ma interrupting features for equipment protection.



PANELBOARDS SECTION 16442 - 1

SECTION 16442 - PANELBOARDS

PART 1 - GENERAL

1.1 SUMMARY

A. This Section includes load centers and panelboards, overcurrent protective devices, and associated auxiliary equipment rated 600 V and less for the following types:

1. Lighting and appliance branch-circuit panelboards. 2. Distribution panelboards. 3. Transient voltage surge suppressor panelboards.


1. Division 16 Section "Fuses." 2. Division 16 Section "Seismic Controls for Electrical Work." 3. Division 16 Section "Electrical Power Monitoring and Control."

C. This Section includes requirements for both Technical Security Systems (TSS) and general electrical systems. Refer to Section 13701, “Technical Security Systems (TSS) – General Requirements” and related TSS subsystem Sections for additional TSS electrical infrastructure requirements.

1.2 DEFINITIONS

A. EMI: Electromagnetic interference.

B. GFCI: Ground-fault circuit interrupter.

C. RFI: Radio-frequency interference.

D. RMS: Root mean square.

E. SPDT: Single pole, double throw.

F. TVSS: Transient voltage surge suppressor.



1.3 SUBMITTALS

A. Product Data - General: For each type of panelboard, overcurrent protective device, transient voltage suppression device, accessory, and component indicated. Include dimensions and manufacturers' technical data on features, performance, electrical characteristics, ratings, and finishes.

B. Product Data – TSS: For components which exclusively serve technical security systems.

C. Shop Drawings – Non-TSS: For each panelboard and related equipment.

1. Dimensioned plans, elevations, sections, and details. Show tabulations of installed devices, equipment features, and ratings. Include the following:

a. Enclosure types and details for types other than NEMA 250, Type 1. b. Bus configuration, current, and voltage ratings. c. Short-circuit current rating of panelboards and overcurrent protective devices. d. Features, characteristics, ratings, and factory settings of individual overcurrent

protective devices and auxiliary components. e. Significant interaction with TSS components.

2. Wiring Diagrams: Power, signal, and control wiring.

D. Shop Drawings – TSS: Show TSS components and significant interaction with non-TSS components.

E. Qualification Data: For testing agency.

F. Field quality-control test reports including the following:

1. Test procedures used. 2. Test results that comply with requirements. 3. Results of failed tests and corrective action taken to achieve test results that comply with

requirements.

G. Panelboard Schedules: For installation in panelboards. Submit final versions after load balancing.

H. TSS Quality Control Checklists: Submit completed checklists in accordance with Article on “Quality Assurance.”

I. Operation and Maintenance Data: For panelboards and components to include in emergency, operation, and maintenance manuals. Include:

1. Manufacturer's written instructions for testing and adjusting overcurrent protective devices.

2. Time-current curves, including selectable ranges for each type of overcurrent protective device.




A. Testing Agency Qualifications: Testing agency that is a member company of the InterNational Electrical Testing Association and that is acceptable to authorities having jurisdiction.

1. Testing Agency's Field Supervisor: Person currently certified by the InterNational Electrical Testing Association or National Institute for Certification in Engineering Technologies to supervise on-site testing specified in Part 3.


C. Comply with NEMA PB 1.

D. Comply with NFPA 70.

E. TSS Quality Control Checklists: Perform quality control in accordance with Article on “Quality Assurance” in Section 13701, “TSS – General Requirements.”


A. Environmental Limitations: Rate equipment for continuous operation under the following conditions, unless otherwise indicated:

1. Ambient Temperature: Not exceeding 40 deg C (104 deg F). 2. Altitude: Not exceeding 2000 m (6600 feet).

B. Service Conditions: NEMA PB 1, usual service conditions, as follows:

1. Ambient temperatures within limits specified. 2. Altitude not exceeding 2000 m (6600 feet).

C. Interruption of Existing Electric Service: Do not interrupt electric service to facilities occupied by Post or others unless permitted under the following conditions and then only after arranging to provide temporary electric service according to requirements indicated:

1. Notify COR no fewer than two days in advance of proposed interruption of electrical service.

2. Do not proceed with interruption of electrical service without COR’s written permission.

1.6 COORDINATION

A. Coordinate layout and installation of panelboards and components with other construction that penetrates walls or is supported by them, including electrical and other types of equipment, raceways, piping, and encumbrances to workspace clearance requirements.



1.7 EXTRA MATERIALS

A. Keys: Six spares of each type of panelboard cabinet lock.

PART 2 - PRODUCTS

2.1 FABRICATION AND FEATURES

A. Enclosures: Flush or surface-mounted cabinets. NEMA PB 1, Type 1, to meet environmental conditions at installed location.

1. Outdoor Locations: NEMA 250, Type 3R. 2. Kitchen Areas: NEMA 250, Type 4X, stainless steel. 3. Other Wet or Damp Indoor Locations: NEMA 250, Type 4. 4. Hazardous Areas Indicated on Drawings: NEMA 250, Type 7C. 5. Separate neutral and grounding buses for all panelboards.

B. Front: Secured to box with concealed trim clamps. For surface-mounted fronts, match box dimensions; for flush-mounted fronts, overlap box.

C. Hinged Front Cover: Entire front trim hinged to box and with standard door within hinged trim cover.

D. Finish: Manufacturer's standard enamel finish over corrosion-resistant treatment or primer coat.

E. Directory Card: With transparent protective cover, mounted inside metal frame, inside panelboard door.

F. Bus: Hard-drawn copper, 98 percent conductivity.

G. Bus Bars of Power Distribution and Branch Circuit Panelboards: Provide hard drawn copper. The neutral bus shall be isolated from both the ground bus and the cabinet, except at the service entrance or at the output of separately derived systems and shall be grounded in accordance with the NEC.

H. Main and Neutral Lugs: Compression or mechanical type suitable for use with conductor material.

I. Equipment Ground Bus: Adequate for feeder and branch-circuit equipment ground conductors; bonded to box.

J. Service Equipment Label: UL labeled for use as service equipment for panelboards with main service disconnect switches.

K. Future Devices: Mounting brackets, bus connections, and necessary appurtenances required for future installation of devices.



L. Isolated Equipment Ground Bus: Adequate for branch-circuit equipment ground conductors; insulated from box.

M. Extra-Capacity Neutral Bus: Neutral bus rated 200 percent of phase bus and UL listed as suitable for nonlinear loads.

N. Split Bus: Vertical buses divided into individual vertical sections.

O. Skirt for Surface-Mounted Panelboards: Same gage and finish as panelboard front with flanges for attachment to panelboard, wall, and ceiling or floor.

P. Gutter Barrier: Arrange to isolate individual panel sections.

Q. Column-Type Panelboards: Narrow gutter extension, with cover, to overhead junction box equipped with ground and neutral terminal buses.

R. Feed-through Lugs: Compression or mechanical type suitable for use with conductor material. Locate at opposite end of bus from incoming lugs or main device.

S. Provide 10 percent spare circuit breakers, 20 percent spaces for future breakers, and 20 percent overall spare current carrying capacity for future expansion.

2.2 PANELBOARD SHORT-CIRCUIT RATING

A. Fully rated to interrupt symmetrical short-circuit current available at terminals.

2.3 LOAD CENTERS

A. Overcurrent Protective Devices: Plug-in, full-module circuit breaker.

B. Conductor Connectors: Mechanical type for main, neutral, and ground lugs and buses.

2.4 LIGHTING AND APPLIANCE BRANCH-CIRCUIT PANELBOARDS

A. Branch Circuit Panelboards: Branch protective devices in panelboards shall be of the bolt-on type circuit breakers unless fuses are required because of available fault currents. Locate panelboards at the utility area nearest the center of the load. Panelboards shall have main circuit breakers. Where multiple section panelboards are required, each section shall have a main breaker. Size panels as noted above.

B. Branch Overcurrent Protective Devices: Bolt-on circuit breakers, replaceable without disturbing adjacent units.

C. Doors: Front mounted with concealed hinges; secured with flush latch with tumbler lock; keyed alike.



2.5 DISTRIBUTION PANELBOARDS

A. Power Distribution Panelboards Panelboards serving three-phase motors and other power equipment shall be of circuit breaker type. Size the panel bus, lugs, and circuit breakers to match the transformer kVA and system fault level.

B. Doors: Front mounted, except omit in fused-switch panelboards; secured with vault-type latch with tumbler lock; keyed alike.

C. Main Overcurrent Protective Devices: Circuit breaker.

D. Branch overcurrent protective devices shall be one of the following:

1. For Circuit-Breaker Frame Sizes 125 A and Smaller: Bolt-on circuit breakers. 2. For Circuit-Breaker Frame Sizes Larger Than 125 A: Bolt-on circuit breakers; plug-in

circuit breakers where individual positive-locking device requires mechanical release for removal.

3. Fused switches.

2.6 TECHNICAL SECURITY SYSTEM (TSS) PANELBOARDS


2.7 TRANSIENT VOLTAGE SURGE SUPPRESSION (TVSS)

A. Transient voltage disturbances from commercial power systems associated with lightning storms and switching surges externally, as well as harmonics generated by adjustable speed drives and SCR power supplies associated with UPS equipment internally may cause stress and damage to electrical equipment. Therefore, transient voltage surge protection is required at the service entrance to all buildings, at all main distribution panels and all secondary power panels. The TVSS protection shall be provided in accordance with Specification 16289 “Transient Voltage Suppression”.

2.8 OVERCURRENT PROTECTIVE DEVICES

A. Molded-Case Circuit Breaker: NEMA AB 1, with interrupting capacity to meet available fault currents.

1. Thermal-Magnetic Circuit Breakers: Inverse time-current element for low-level overloads, and instantaneous magnetic trip element for short circuits. Adjustable magnetic trip setting for circuit-breaker frame sizes 250 A and larger.

2. Adjustable Instantaneous-Trip Circuit Breakers: Magnetic trip element with front-mounted, field-adjustable trip setting.



3. Electronic Trip Unit Circuit Breakers: RMS sensing; field-replaceable rating plug; with the following field-adjustable settings:

a. Instantaneous trip. b. Long- and short-time pickup levels. c. Long- and short-time time adjustments. d. Ground-fault pickup level, time delay, and I2t response.

4. Current-Limiting Circuit Breakers: Frame sizes 400 A and smaller; let-through ratings less than NEMA FU 1, RK-5.

5. Integrally Fused Circuit Breakers: Thermal-magnetic trip element with integral limiter-style fuse listed for use with circuit breaker; trip activation on fuse opening or on opening of fuse compartment door.

6. GFCI Circuit Breakers: Single- and two-pole configurations with 4-mA trip sensitivity.

B. Molded-Case Circuit-Breaker Features and Accessories. Standard frame sizes, trip ratings, and number of poles.

1. Lugs: Mechanical or Compression style, suitable for number, size, trip ratings, and material of conductors.

2. Application Listing: Appropriate for application; Type SWD for switching fluorescent lighting loads; Type HACR for heating, air-conditioning, and refrigerating equipment.

3. Ground-Fault Protection: Remote-mounted relay and trip unit with adjustable pickup and time-delay settings, push-to-test feature, and ground-fault indicator.

4. Communication Capability: Circuit-breaker-mounted, Universal-mounted, Integral or Din-rail-mounted communication module with functions and features compatible with power monitoring and control system.

5. Shunt Trip: 220 or 240 V trip coil energized from separate circuit, set to trip at 55 percent of rated voltage.

C. Fused Switch: NEMA KS 1, Type HD; clips to accommodate specified fuses; lockable handle.

2.9 CONTROLLERS

A. Motor Controllers: NEMA ICS 2, Class A combination controller equipped for panelboard mounting and including the following accessories:

1. Individual control-power transformers. 2. Fuses for control-power transformers. 3. Bimetallic-element overload relay. 4. Melting-alloy overload relay. 5. Indicating lights. 6. Seal-in contact. 7. Four convertible auxiliary contacts. 8. Push buttons. 9. Selector switches.



B. Contactors: NEMA ICS 2, Class A combination controller equipped for panelboard mounting and including the following accessories:

1. Individual control-power transformers. 2. Fuses for control-power transformers. 3. Indicating lights. 4. Seal-in contact. 5. One convertible auxiliary contacts. 6. Push buttons. 7. Selector switches.

C. Controller Disconnect Switches: Adjustable instantaneous-trip circuit breaker, integrally mounted and interlocked with controller.

1. Auxiliary Contacts: Integral with disconnect switches to de-energize external control-power source.

D. Contactors in Main Bus: NEMA ICS 2, Class A, mechanically held general-purpose controller.

1. Control-Power Source: Control-power transformer, with fused primary and secondary terminals, connected to main bus ahead of contactor connection.

2. Control-Power Source: 220 V branch circuit.

2.10 ACCESSORY COMPONENTS AND FEATURES

A. Furnish accessory set including tools and miscellaneous items required for overcurrent protective device test, inspection, maintenance, and operation.

B. Furnish portable test set to test functions of solid-state trip devices without removal from panelboard.

C. Fungus Proofing: Permanent fungicidal treatment for panelboard interior, including overcurrent protective devices and other components.

PART 3 - EXECUTION

3.1 GENERAL INSTALLATION

A. Install panelboards and accessories according to NEMA PB 1.1.

B. Comply with mounting and anchoring requirements specified in Division 16 Section "Seismic Controls for Electrical Work."

C. Mounting Heights: Top of trim 1880 mm above finished floor, unless otherwise indicated.



D. Mounting: Plumb and rigid without distortion of box. Mount recessed panelboards with fronts uniformly flush with wall finish.

E. Circuit Directory: Create a directory to indicate installed circuit loads after balancing panelboard loads. Obtain approval before installing. Use a computer or typewriter to create directory; handwritten directories are not acceptable.

F. Install filler plates in unused spaces.

G. Provision for Future Circuits at Flush Panelboards: Stub four 27-GRC empty conduits from panelboard into accessible ceiling space or space designated to be ceiling space in the future. Stub four 27-GRC empty conduits into raised floor space or below slab not on grade.

H. Wiring in Panelboard Gutters: Arrange conductors into groups and bundle and wrap with wire ties after completing load balancing.

3.2 TSS INSTALLATION

A. Install the separate distribution panelboards identified below for TSS systems. Locate Panels “ER” and “EU” next to Panel “E”. See OBO-ICS IBC App. M, “Technical Security Details for Building Construction” for additional technical security system installation requirements. No other facility system shall draw power from these panels. See Section 13701, “TSS – General Requirements” and Section 16288, “Voltage Regulators” regarding voltage regulators.

1. Panel “E”:

a. Panel shall be three-phase. b. Panel shall receive power from main distribution panel (MDP), which is on

essential generator bus. c. Panel shall supply single-phase power to Panel “ER” either through voltage

regulator or regulator transfer switch. d. Panel shall supply single-phase power to Panel “EU” through UPS via an UPS

bypass switch. e. Provide circuit breakers with at least 25 percent active breakers. f. Provide one sub-feed circuit breaker, identical to breaker feeding voltage regulator,

for bypass purposes. 2. Panel “ER”:

a. Panel shall be single-phase input and outputs. b. Panel shall supply power to TSS equipment power supplies, which shall be

mounted adjacent to panel. c. Place each load component on separate circuit with 20 Amp minimum circuit

breaker, and provide spare circuit breakers for at least 25 percent of active breakers.



d. Panel shall supply power for following TSS equipment: 1) Door control power supplies. 2) Emergency Notification System (ENS) power supplies. 3) Local Guard control booth TSS equipment racks. 4) Monitoring and annunciation racks. 5) Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS). 6) Non-consular Intercommunications systems. 7) Metal detectors. 8) Irritant Dispensing Systems. 9) Explosives Detector Systems.

3. Panel “EU”: a. Panel shall be single-phase input and outputs. b. Place each load component on separate circuit with 20 Amp minimum circuit

breaker, and provide spare circuit breakers for at least 25 percent of active breakers. Provide main input circuit breaker on this panel.

c. If using 726 power supply, each power supply shall be on independent “EU” panel circuit breaker.

d. Panel shall supply power for following TSS equipment: 1) CCTV cameras. 2) CCTV camera power supplies. 3) CCTV monitoring and control equipment. 4) CCTV recording equipment. 5) Marine Security Guard (MSG) Post 1 and Security Control Center (SCC)

Racks.

3.3 IDENTIFICATION

A. Identify field-installed conductors, interconnecting wiring, and components; provide warning signs as specified in Division 16 Section "Basic Electrical Materials and Methods."

B. Panelboard Nameplates: Label each panelboard with engraved metal or laminated-plastic nameplate mounted with corrosion-resistant screws.

3.4 CONNECTIONS

A. Install equipment grounding connections for panelboards with ground continuity to main electrical ground bus.

B. Tighten electrical connectors and terminals according to manufacturer's published torque-tightening values. If manufacturer's torque values are not indicated, use those specified in UL 486A and UL 486B.




A. Prepare for acceptance tests as follows:

1. Test insulation resistance for each panelboard bus, component, connecting supply, feeder, and control circuit.

2. Test continuity of each circuit.

B. Testing Agency: Engage a qualified independent testing agency to perform specified testing.

C. Testing: After installing panelboards and after electrical circuitry has been energized, demonstrate product capability and compliance with requirements.

1. Procedures: Perform each visual and mechanical inspection and electrical test indicated in NETA ATS, Section 7.5 for switches and Section 7.6 for molded-case circuit breakers. Certify compliance with test parameters.

2. Correct malfunctioning units on-site, where possible, and retest to demonstrate compliance; otherwise, replace with new units and retest.

D. Balancing Loads: After Substantial Completion, but not more than 60 days after Final Acceptance, measure load balancing and make circuit changes as follows:

1. Measure as directed during period of normal system loading. 2. Perform load-balancing circuit changes outside normal occupancy/working schedule of

the facility and at time directed. Avoid disrupting critical 24-hour services such as fax machines and online data-processing, computing, transmitting, and receiving equipment.

3. After circuit changes, recheck loads during normal load period. Record all load readings before and after changes and submit test records.

4. Tolerance: Difference exceeding 20 percent between phase loads, within a panelboard, is not acceptable. Rebalance and recheck as necessary to meet this minimum requirement.

E. Infrared Scanning: After Substantial Completion, but not more than 60 days after Final Acceptance, perform an infrared scan of each panelboard. Remove panel fronts so joints and connections are accessible to portable scanner.

1. Follow-up Infrared Scanning: Perform an additional follow-up infrared scan of each panelboard 11 months after date of Substantial Completion.

2. Instrument: Use an infrared scanning device designed to measure temperature or to detect significant deviations from normal values. Provide calibration record for device.

3. Record of Infrared Scanning: Prepare a certified report that identifies panelboards checked and describes scanning results. Include notation of deficiencies detected, remedial action taken, and observations after remedial action.

3.6 ADJUSTING

A. Set field-adjustable switches and circuit-breaker trip ranges.



3.7 CLEANING

A. On completion of installation, inspect interior and exterior of panelboards. Remove paint splatters and other spots. Vacuum dirt and debris; do not use compressed air to assist in cleaning. Repair exposed surfaces to match original finish.



INTERIOR LIGHTING SECTION 16511 - 1

SECTION 16511 - INTERIOR LIGHTING

PART 1 - GENERAL

1.1 SUMMARY


1. Interior lighting fixtures with lamps and ballasts. 2. Lighting fixtures mounted on exterior building surfaces. 3. Emergency lighting units. 4. Exit signs. 5. Accessories, including occupancy sensors.


1. Division 16 Section "Wiring Devices" for manual wall-box dimmers for incandescent

lamps. 2. Division 16 Section "Lighting Control Devices" for automatic control of lighting,

including time switches, photoelectric relays, occupancy sensors, and multipole lighting relays and contactors.

3. Division 16 Section "Dimming Controls" for architectural dimming systems. 4. Division 16 Section “Seismic Controls for Electrical Work”.

1.2 DEFINITIONS

A. BF: Ballast factor. Ratio of light output of a given lamp(s) operated by the subject ballast to the light output of the same lamp(s) when operated on an ANSI reference circuit.

B. CRI: Color rendering index.

C. CU: Coefficient of utilization.

D. LER: Luminaire efficiency rating, which is calculated according to NEMA LE 5. This value can be estimated from photometric data using the following formula:

1. LER is equal to the product of total rated lamp lumens times BF times luminaire efficiency, divided by input watts.

E. RCR: Room cavity ratio.



1.3 SUBMITTALS

A. Product Data: For each type of lighting fixture, arranged in order of fixture designation. Include data on features, accessories, finishes, and the following:

1. Physical description of lighting fixture including dimensions. 2. Emergency lighting units including battery and charger. 3. Ballast. 4. Energy-efficiency data. 5. Air and Thermal Performance Data: For air-handling lighting fixtures. Furnish data

required in "Submittals" Article in Division 15 Section "Diffusers, Registers, and Grilles."

6. Sound Performance Data: For air-handling lighting fixtures. Indicate sound power level and sound transmission class in test reports certified according to standards specified in Division 15 Section "Diffusers, Registers, and Grilles."

7. Life, output, and energy-efficiency data for lamps. 8. Photometric data, in IESNA format, based on laboratory tests of each lighting fixture

type, outfitted with lamps, ballasts, and accessories identical to those indicated for the lighting fixture as applied in this Project.

a. For indicated fixtures, photometric data shall be certified by a qualified independent testing agency. Photometric data for remaining fixtures shall be certified by the manufacturer.

b. Photometric data shall be certified by a manufacturer's laboratory with a current accreditation under the National Voluntary Laboratory Accreditation Program (NVLAP) for Energy Efficient Lighting Products.

B. Shop Drawings: Show details of nonstandard or custom lighting fixtures. Indicate dimensions, weights, methods of field assembly, components, features, and accessories.

1. Wiring Diagrams: Power[ and control] wiring.

C. Coordination Drawings: Reflected ceiling plan(s) and other details, drawn to scale, on which the following items are shown and coordinated with each other, based on input from installers of the items involved:

1. Lighting fixtures. 2. Suspended ceiling components. 3. Structural members to which suspension systems for lighting fixtures will be attached. 4. Other items in finished ceiling including the following:

a. Air outlets and inlets. b. Speakers. c. Sprinklers. d. Smoke and fire detectors. e. Occupancy sensors. f. Access panels. g. <Insert item.>

5. Perimeter moldings.



D. Samples for Verification: Interior lighting fixtures designated for sample submission in Interior Lighting Fixture Schedule. Each sample shall include the following:

1. Lamps: Specified units installed. 2. Accessories: Cords and plugs.

E. Product Certificates: For each type of ballast for bi-level and dimmer-controlled fixtures, signed by product manufacturer.

F. Qualification Data: For agencies providing photometric data for lighting fixtures.

G. Field quality-control test reports.

H. Operation and Maintenance Data: For lighting equipment and fixtures to include in emergency, operation, and maintenance manuals.

I. Warranties: Special warranties specified in this Section.


A. Testing Agency Qualifications: An independent agency, with the experience and capability to conduct the testing indicated, that is a member company of the InterNational Electrical Testing Association or is a nationally recognized testing laboratory (NRTL) as defined by OSHA in 29 CFR 1910.7, and that is acceptable to authorities having jurisdiction.

1. Testing Agency's Field Supervisor: Person currently certified by the InterNational Electrical Testing Association or the National Institute for Certification in Engineering Technologies to supervise on-site testing specified in Part 3.

B. Electrical Components, Devices, and Accessories: Listed and labeled as defined in NFPA 70, Article 100, “Electrical Requirements for Hazardous Locations.” or BS EN 60079:2004 “Electrical Apparatus for Explosive Gas Atmospheres” by a testing agency acceptable to authorities having jurisdiction, and marked for intended use.


D. FMG Compliance: Fixtures for hazardous locations shall be listed and labeled for indicated class and division of hazard by FMG.

E. NFPA 101 Compliance: Comply with visibility and luminance requirements for exit signs.

F. Mockups: Provide lighting fixtures for room or module mockups. Install fixtures for mockups with power and control connections.

1. Obtain Government’s approval of fixtures for mockups before starting installations. 2. Maintain mockups during construction in an undisturbed condition as a standard for

judging the completed Work. 3. Approved fixtures in mockups may become part of the completed Work if undisturbed at

time of Substantial Completion.



1.5 COORDINATION

A. Coordinate layout and installation of lighting fixtures and suspension system with other construction that penetrates ceilings or is supported by them, including HVAC equipment, fire-suppression system, and partition assemblies.

1.6 WARRANTY

A. Special Warranty for Emergency Lighting Unit Batteries: Manufacturer's standard form in which manufacturer of battery-powered emergency lighting unit agrees to repair or replace components of rechargeable batteries that fail in materials or workmanship within specified warranty period.

1. Warranty Period: 10 years from date of Substantial Completion. Full warranty shall apply for first year, and prorated warranty for the remaining nine years.

B. Special Warranty for Fluorescent Ballasts: Manufacturer's standard form in which ballast manufacturer agrees to repair or replace ballasts that fail in materials or workmanship within specified warranty period.

1. Warranty Period for Electronic Ballasts: Five years from date of Substantial Completion. 2. Warranty Period for Electromagnetic Ballasts: Three years from date of Substantial

Completion.

C. Manufacturer's Special Warranty for T8 Fluorescent Lamps: Manufacturer's standard form, made out to Government and signed by lamp manufacturer agreeing to replace lamps that fail in materials or workmanship, f.o.b. the nearest shipping point to Project site, within specified warranty period indicated below.

1. Warranty Period: Two years from date of Substantial Completion.

1.7 EXTRA MATERIALS


1. Lamps: 10 for every 100 of each type and rating installed. Furnish at least one of each type.

2. Plastic Diffusers and Lenses: 10 for every 100 of each type and rating installed. Furnish at least one of each type.

3. Battery and Charger Data: One for each emergency lighting unit. 4. Ballasts: 5 for every 100 of each type and rating installed. Furnish at least one of each

type. 5. Globes and Guards: 1 for every 20 of each type and rating installed. Furnish at least one

of each type.



PART 2 - PRODUCTS

2.1 FIXTURES AND COMPONENTS, GENERAL

A. Recessed Fixtures: Comply with NEMA LE 4 for ceiling compatibility for recessed fixtures.

B. Incandescent Fixtures: Comply with UL 1598. Where LER is specified, test according to NEMA LE 5A.

C. Fluorescent Fixtures: Comply with UL 1598. Where LER is specified, test according to NEMA LE 5 and NEMA LE 5A as applicable.

D. HID Fixtures: Comply with UL 1572. Where LER is specified, test according to NEMA LE 5B.

E. Metal Parts: Free of burrs and sharp corners and edges.

F. Sheet Metal Components: Steel, unless otherwise indicated. Form and support to prevent warping and sagging.

G. Doors, Frames, and Other Internal Access: Smooth operating, free of light leakage under operating conditions, and designed to permit relamping without use of tools. Designed to prevent doors, frames, lenses, diffusers, and other components from falling accidentally during relamping and when secured in operating position.

H. Reflecting surfaces shall have minimum reflectance as follows, unless otherwise indicated:

1. White Surfaces: 85 percent. 2. Specular Surfaces: 83 percent. 3. Diffusing Specular Surfaces: 75 percent. 4. Laminated Silver Metallized Film: 90 percent.

I. Plastic Diffusers, Covers, and Globes:

1. Acrylic Lighting Diffusers: 100 percent virgin acrylic plastic. High resistance to yellowing and other changes due to aging, exposure to heat, and UV radiation.

a. Lens Thickness: At least 3.175 mm minimum unless different thickness is scheduled.

b. UV stabilized.

2. Glass: Annealed crystal glass, unless otherwise indicated.

J. Electromagnetic-Interference Filters: A component of fixture assembly. Suppress conducted electromagnetic-interference as required by MIL-STD-461D. Fabricate lighting fixtures with one filter on each ballast indicated to require a filter.



K. Air-Handling Fluorescent Fixtures: For use with plenum ceiling for air return and heat extraction and for attaching an air-diffuser-boot assembly specified in Division 15 Section "Diffusers, Registers, and Grilles."

1. Air Supply Units: Slots in one or both side trims join with air-diffuser-boot assemblies. 2. Heat Removal Units: Air path leads through lamp cavity. 3. Combination Heat Removal and Air Supply Unit: Heat is removed through lamp cavity

at both ends of the fixture door with air supply same as for air supply units. 4. Dampers: Operable from outside fixture for control of return-air volume. 5. Static Fixtures: Air supply slots are blanked off, and fixture appearance matches active

units.

2.2 BALLASTS FOR LINEAR FLUORESCENT LAMPS

A. Electronic Ballasts: Comply with ANSI C82.11; instant-start type, unless otherwise indicated, and designed for type and quantity of lamps served. Ballasts shall be designed for full light output unless dimmer or bi-level control is indicated.

1. Sound Rating: A. 2. Total Harmonic Distortion Rating: Less than 10 percent. 3. Transient Voltage Protection: IEEE C62.41, Category A or better. 4. Operating Frequency: 20 kHz or higher. 5. Lamp Current Crest Factor: 1.7 or less. 6. BF: 0.85 or higher. 7. Power Factor: 0.95 or higher. 8. Parallel Lamp Circuits: Multiple lamp ballasts shall comply with ANSI C 82.11 and

shall be connected to maintain full light output on surviving lamps if one or more lamps fail.

B. Ballasts for Low Electromagnetic-Interference Environments: Comply with 47 CFR, Chapter 1, Part 18, Subpart C, for limitations on electromagnetic and radio-frequency interference for consumer equipment.

2.3 BALLASTS FOR COMPACT FLUORESCENT LAMPS

A. Description: Electronic programmed rapid-start type, complying with ANSI C 82.11, designed for type and quantity of lamps indicated. Ballast shall be designed for full light output unless dimmer or bi-level control is indicated:

1. Lamp end-of-life detection and shutdown circuit. 2. Automatic lamp starting after lamp replacement. 3. Sound Rating: A. 4. Total Harmonic Distortion Rating: Less than 20 percent. 5. Transient Voltage Protection: IEEE C62.41, Category A or better. 6. Operating Frequency: 20 kHz or higher. 7. Lamp Current Crest Factor: 1.7 or less. 8. BF: 0.95 or higher, unless otherwise indicated. 9. Power Factor: 0.95 or higher.



10. Interference: Comply with 47 CFR, Chapter 1, Part 18, Subpart C, for limitations on electromagnetic and radio-frequency interference for nonconsumer equipment.

11. Ballast Case Temperature: 75 deg C, maximum.

B. Ballasts for Dimmer-Controlled Lighting Fixtures: Electronic type.

1. Dimming Range: 100 to 5 percent of rated lamp lumens. 2. Ballast Input Watts: Can be reduced to 20 percent of normal. 3. Compatibility: Certified by manufacturer for use with specific dimming control system

and lamp type indicated.

2.4 BALLASTS FOR HID LAMPS

A. Auxiliary Instant-On Quartz System: Factory-installed feature automatically switches quartz lamp on when fixture is initially energized and when power outages occur. System automatically turns quartz lamp off when HID lamp reaches approximately 60 percent light output.

B. High-Pressure Sodium Ballasts: Electromagnetic type, with solid-state igniter/starter. Igniter-starter shall have an average life in pulsing mode of 10,000 hours at an igniter/starter-case temperature of 90 deg C.

1. Instant-Restrike Device: Integral with ballast, or solid-state potted module, factory installed within fixture and compatible with lamps, ballasts, and mogul sockets up to 150 W.

a. Restrike Range: 105- to 130-V ac. b. Maximum Voltage: 250-V peak or 150-V ac RMS.

2. Minimum Starting Temperature: Minus 40 deg C. 3. Open-circuit operation shall not reduce average lamp life.

C. Low-Noise Ballasts: Manufacturers' standard epoxy-encapsulated models designed to minimize audible fixture noise.

2.5 EXIT SIGNS

A. Description: Comply with UL 924; for sign colors, visibility, luminance, and lettering size, comply with authorities having jurisdiction.

B. Internally Lighted Signs:

1. Lamps for AC Operation: Fluorescent, 2 for each fixture, 20,000 hours of rated lamp life.

2. Lamps for AC Operation: LEDs, 70,000 hours minimum rated lamp life. 3. Self-Powered Exit Signs (Battery Type): Integral automatic charger in a self-contained

power pack.



a. Battery: Sealed, maintenance-free, nickel-cadmium type. b. Charger: Fully automatic, solid-state type with sealed transfer relay. c. Operation: Relay automatically energizes lamp from battery when circuit voltage

drops to 80 percent of nominal voltage or below. When normal voltage is restored, relay disconnects lamps from battery, and battery is automatically recharged and floated on charger.

d. Test Push Button: Push-to-test type, in unit housing, simulates loss of normal power and demonstrates unit operability.

e. LED Indicator Light: Indicates normal power on. Normal glow indicates trickle charge; bright glow indicates charging at end of discharge cycle. Retain subparagraph below to permit periodic test required by codes for emergency equipment to be performed using a hand-held remote device to trigger simulation of loss of normal power in the tested unit.

f. Remote Test: Switch in hand-held remote device aimed in direction of tested unit initiates coded infrared signal. Signal reception by factory-installed infrared receiver in tested unit triggers simulation of loss of its normal power supply, providing visual confirmation of either proper or failed emergency response.

g. Integral Self-Test: Factory-installed electronic device automatically initiates code-required test of unit emergency operation at required intervals. Test failure is annunciated by an integral audible alarm and flashing red LED.

4. Master/Remote Sign Configurations:

a. Master Unit: Comply with requirements above for self-powered exit signs, and provide additional capacity in LED power supply for power connection to remote unit.

b. Remote Unit: Comply with requirements above for self-powered exit signs, except omit power supply, battery and test features. Arrange to receive full power requirements from master unit. Connect for testing concurrently with master unit as a unified system.

2.6 EMERGENCY LIGHTING UNITS

A. Description: Self-contained units complying with UL 924.

1. Battery: Sealed, maintenance-free, lead-acid type. 2. Charger: Fully automatic, solid-state type with sealed transfer relay. 3. Operation: Relay automatically turns lamp on when power supply circuit voltage drops

to 80 percent of nominal voltage or below. Lamp automatically disconnects from battery when voltage approaches deep-discharge level. When normal voltage is restored, relay disconnects lamps from battery, and battery is automatically recharged and floated on charger.

4. Test Push Button: Push-to-test type, in unit housing, simulates loss of normal power and demonstrates unit operability.

5. LED Indicator Light: Indicates normal power on. Normal glow indicates trickle charge; bright glow indicates charging at end of discharge cycle.

6. Wire Guard: Heavy-chrome-plated wire guard protects lamp heads or fixtures. 7. Integral Time-Delay Relay: Holds unit on for fixed interval of 15 minutes when power is

restored after an outage.



8. Remote Test: Switch in hand-held remote device aimed in direction of tested unit initiates coded infrared signal. Signal reception by factory-installed infrared receiver in tested unit triggers simulation of loss of its normal power supply, providing visual confirmation of either proper or failed emergency response.

9. Integral Self-Test: Factory-installed electronic device automatically initiates code-required test of unit emergency operation at required intervals. Test failure is annunciated by an integral audible alarm and flashing red LED.

2.7 FLUORESCENT EMERGENCY LIGHTING FIXTURES

A. Internal Type: Self-contained, modular, battery-inverter unit factory mounted within fixture body. Comply with UL 924.

1. Emergency Connection: Operate one fluorescent lamp continuously. Connect unswitched circuit to battery-inverter unit and switched circuit to fixture ballast.

2. Night Light Connection: Operate one fluorescent lamp continuously. 3. Test Switch and Light-Emitting-Diode Indicator Light: Visible and accessible without

opening fixture or entering ceiling space. 4. Battery: Sealed, maintenance-free, nickel-cadmium type with minimum seven-year

nominal life. 5. Charger: Fully automatic, solid-state, constant-current type.

B. Central Type: Factory installed, full light output, fluorescent emergency ballast to operate lamps indicated from a remote emergency power source.

C. External Type: Self-contained, modular, battery-inverter unit, suitable for powering one or more fluorescent lamps, remote mounted from light fixture. Comply with UL 924.

1. Emergency Connection: Operate one fluorescent lamp continuously. Connect unswitched circuit to battery-inverter unit and switched circuit to fixture ballast.

2. Night Light Connection: Operate one fluorescent lamp in a remote fixture continuously. 3. Battery: Sealed, maintenance-free, nickel-cadmium type with minimum seven-year

nominal life. 4. Charger: Fully automatic, solid-state, constant-current type. 5. Housing: NEMA 250, Class 1 enclosure.

2.8 FLUORESCENT LAMPS

A. Low-Mercury Lamps: Comply with EPA's toxicity characteristic leaching procedure test; shall yield less than 0.2 mg of mercury per liter when tested according to NEMA LL 1.

B. T8 rapid-start low-mercury lamps, rated 32 W maximum, nominal length of 48 inches (1220 mm), 2800 initial lumens (minimum), CRI 75 (minimum), color temperature 3500 K, and average rated life 20,000 hours, unless otherwise indicated.

C. T8 rapid-start low-mercury lamps, rated 17 W maximum, nominal length of 24 inches (610 mm), 1300 initial lumens (minimum), CRI 75 (minimum), color temperature 3500 K, and average rated life of 20,000 hours, unless otherwise indicated.



D. Compact Fluorescent Lamps: CRI 80 (minimum), color temperature 3500 K, average rated life of 10,000 hours at 3 hours operation per start unless otherwise indicated.

1. 13 W: T4, double tube, rated 900 initial lumens (minimum). 2. 18 W: T4, double tube, rated 1200 initial lumens (minimum). 3. 26 W: T4, double tube, rated 1800 initial lumens (minimum). 4. 32 W: T4, triple tube, rated 2400 initial lumens (minimum). 5. 42 W: T4, triple tube, rated 3200 initial lumens (minimum). 6. 55 W: T4, triple tube, rated 4300 initial lumens (minimum). 7. 25W: T5, rated 2900 initial lumens. 8. 54W: T5HO, rated 5000 initial lumens.

2.9 HID LAMPS

A. High-Pressure Sodium Lamps: ANSI C78.42, CRI 21 (minimum), color temperature 1900 K, and average rated life of 24,000 hours, minimum.

1. Dual-Arc Tube Lamps: Arranged so only one of two arc tubes is lighted at one time and, when power is restored after an outage, the cooler arc tube, with lower internal pressure, lights instantly, providing an immediate 8 to 15 percent of normal light output.

B. Low-Pressure-Sodium Lamps: NEMA C78.41.

C. Metal-Halide Lamps: ANSI C78.1372, with a minimum CRI 65, and color temperature 4000 K.

2.10 LIGHTING FIXTURE SUPPORT COMPONENTS

A. Comply with Division 16 Section "Seismic Control for Electrical Work" for channel- and angle-iron supports and nonmetallic channel and angle supports.

B. Single-Stem Hangers: 1/2-inch (13-mm) steel tubing with swivel ball fittings and ceiling canopy. Finish same as fixture.

C. Twin-Stem Hangers: Two, 1/2-inch (13-mm) steel tubes with single canopy designed to mount a single fixture. Finish same as fixture.

D. Wires: 1. ASTM A 641/A 641M “Standard Specification for Zinc-Coated (Galvanized) Carbon

Steel Wire, Class 3, soft temper, zinc-coated steel, 12 gage (2.68 mm). 2. BS EN 10244-2:2001 “Steel Wire & Wire Products- Non-Ferrous Metallic Coatings on

Steel Wire – Part 2 Zinc or Zinc Alloy” 3. ISO 7989:1988 “Zinc Coatings for Steel Wire”

E. Wires for Humid Spaces: ASTM A 580/A 580M, Composition 302 or 304, annealed stainless steel, 12 gage (2.68 mm).

F. Rod Hangers: 3/16-inch (5-mm) minimum diameter, cadmium-plated, threaded steel rod.



G. Hook Hangers: Integrated assembly matched to fixture and line voltage and equipped with threaded attachment, cord, and locking-type plug.

H. Aircraft Cable Support: Use cable, anchorages, and intermediate supports recommended by fixture manufacturer.

PART 3 - EXECUTION

3.1 INSTALLATION

A. Fixtures: Set level, plumb, and square with ceilings and walls. Install lamps in each fixture.

B. Support for Fixtures in or on Grid-Type Suspended Ceilings: Use grid for support.

1. Install a minimum of four ceiling support system rods or wires for each fixture. Locate not more than 150 mm from fixture corners.

2. Support Clips: Fasten to fixtures and to ceiling grid members at or near each fixture corner with clips that are UL listed for the application.

3. Fixtures of Sizes Less Than Ceiling Grid: Install as indicated on reflected ceiling plans or center in acoustical panel, and support fixtures independently with at least two 20-mm metal channels spanning and secured to ceiling tees.

4. Install at least one independent support rod or wire from structure to a tab on lighting fixture. Wire or rod shall have breaking strength of the weight of fixture at a safety factor of 3.

C. Suspended Fixture Support: As follows:

1. Pendants and Rods: Where longer than 1200 mm, brace to limit swinging. 2. Stem-Mounted, Single-Unit Fixtures: Suspend with twin-stem hangers. 3. Continuous Rows: Use tubing or stem for wiring at one point and tubing or rod for

suspension for each unit length of fixture chassis, including one at each end. 4. Continuous Rows: Suspend from cable.

D. Air-Handling Fixtures: Install with dampers closed and ready for adjustment.

E. Adjust aimable fixtures to provide required light intensities.


A. Inspect each installed fixture for damage. Replace damaged fixtures and components.

B. Verify normal operation of each fixture after installation.

C. Test for Emergency Lighting: Interrupt power supply to demonstrate proper operation. Verify normal transfer to battery power source and retransfer to normal.



D. Prepare a written report of tests, inspections, observations, and verifications indicating and interpreting results. If adjustments are made to lighting system, retest to demonstrate compliance with standards.

E. Corroded Fixtures: During warranty period, replace fixtures that show any signs of corrosion.
