Unit 8. The atmosphere. La atmósfera. Natural Science 1º ESO

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Unit 8. The atmosphere.

Adapted from Natural Science. 1º ESO. Anaya

Natural Science 1º ESO

NAME________________________________

Unit 8. The atmosphere. La atmósfera. Natural Science 1º ESO

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INDEX

1. VOCABULARY........................................................................ 1

2. VOCABULARIO...................................................................... 2

3. UNIT CHART........................................................Cover and 3

4. UNIT ACTIVITIES AND NOTES.................................... 4-14

VOCABULARIO TEMA 8. The atmosphere

Here you have 5 key words of this Unit. You have to study them. If you include more

definition in your notebook, you will have extra points in your notebook marks.

Greenhouse effect. Steady increase in the Earth's average lower atmosphere

(near surface) temperature due to heat retention caused by the accumulation of

greenhouse gases (including water vapour, carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous

oxides, and chlorofluorocarbons or CFCs)

Global Warming. A phenomenon that is largely caused by the emission of greenhouse gases through various human activities and consequently leads to unwanted changes in the climate

Ozone layer . A region of the upper atmosphere, between about 15 and 30

kilometers (10 and 20 miles) in altitude, containing a relatively high

concentration of ozone that absorbs solar ultraviolet radiation.

Renewable energy. a form of energy derived from a natural source, such as

the sun, wind, tides, or waves

Cabon footprint a measure of the amount of carbon dioxide released into the

atmosphere by a single household, or individual through day-to-day activities

over a given period

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VOCABULARIO TEMA 8. LA ATMÓSFERA

De cada palabra escribe su definición, un ejemplo si te lo pido y su traducción al inglés. No

olvides incluirlo en tu cuaderno.

1. Radiación ultravioleta

2. Troposfera

3. Capa de ozono

4. Dióxido de Carbono

5. Pluviómetro

6. Isobaras

7. Efecto invernadero

8. CFC

9. Cambio climático

10. Combustibles fósiles. Ejemplos

11. Energía renovable

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Activity 1.Write the translation to these words 1. atmosphere 2. clean up 3. climate 4. emissions 5. fan 6. fossil fuels 7. global warming 8. greenhouse effect 9. Hole 10. Ice 11. in danger of extinction 12. Land 13. Earth

14. lack 15. nature reserve 16. oil spill 17. ozone layer 18. preservation 19. . renewable energy 20. Rescue 21. skin 22. to affect 23. to be aware of 24. to cause 25. to diminish 26. to exploit

27. to fight 28. to melt 29. to plug in 30. to produce 31. to punish 32. to resolve 33. to stop 34. to suffer 35. to turn off 36. tropical 37. aerosol

Activity 2. Pay attention to the Power point. Atmosphere layers and composition Label the layers of the atmosphere: Presentation. Label the levels and their information.

Label the gases in the atmosphere, their percentage and how they are made or used.

Oxygen: Argon: Nitrogen: Carbon Dioxide:

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Activity 3. Match the words with their definitions

COLUMN A COLUMN B

1. The symbol of this colorless and odorless gas is N2 a. The mesosphere.

2. This gas is necessary for photosynthesis. b. The atmosphere.

3. The first living beings produced this by photosynthesis. c. The troposphere.

4. It is divided into four layers. d. Nitrogen.

5. This is the highest and the thickest layer of (4). e. Oxygen.

6. This layer of (4) contains clouds of dust. f. The ionosphere.

7. The ozone layer is found here. g. Carbon dioxide.

8. It contains 80 % of the total mass of the atmosphere. h. The stratosphere.

Activity 4. Which layer of the atmosphere corresponds to each of the following descriptions? A. It is 12 km deep and meteorological phenomena take place in it.. .................... B. It is 30 km deep and meteorites disintegrate in it. .......................................... C. It is 38 km deep and absorption of ultraviolet radiation takes place here, owing to the ozone in this layer ...................................................................................... D. The most harmful radiation of the Sun is absorbed in it, and the temperature can be more than 1, 000 °C.

Activity 5. Fill in the blanks:

The atmosphere has …………………………………. layers. The highest layer is

the …………………………………….., where the aurora borealis takes place. The

next layer is the ………………. and there meteorites disintegrate, producing what

are called ……………………… ……………………… The stratosphere is a layer

inside of which there is an area called the ………………………………, where a gas

,…………………………………………, is abundant. This gas is of vital importance

because it absorbs the ………………………………. rays of the Sun, which are

harmful. The inner layer is the ………………………………………….., where

………………………………………… phenomena take place and where all living

beings of the Earth can be found.

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Activity 4. Read and answer:

AURORAS! MYSTERIOUS LIGHTS IN THE SKY

In the far, far North, in the long dark nights, often you´ll see mysterious lights. They´re

called the auroras and they shimmer and like curtains of color, they wave and they

flow.

Each aurora is different, no two are alike. They are different colors and some are quite

bright. Up here in the North, when people see them at sometimes they call them the

Northern Lights.

Auroras can happen far, far in the South, late in the night, when few people are out.

Green, blue, and red, they can be quite bright! Down here they´re called the Southern

Lights.

Every once in a while, maybe once a year, auroras can be seen almost anywhere. Just

outside your home on a very dark night, you may see them glow and shimmer so

bright.

So what causes these mysterious lights that shimmer and glow in the sky late at night?

They´re caused by the Sun, which has solar storm. Solar wind blows to Earth and

auroras are formed.

How do we know this? How are we sure? There are scientists who study the Sun and

the Earth. We know that the Sun causes auroras to glow, but there´s still more to learn,

and more we don´t know.

Satellites gather images of the Earth and the Sun, and scientists study the one by one. The images show the sun and its storms, and the places on Earth where auroras are formed!

So, if you find yourself out late, late at night, and you happen to see these mysterious lights… it´s no mystery to you! You can tell everyone! You know they´re auroras caused by the sun.

- Underlined all the unknown words

- The auroras are produced by__________

- Where could we see the aurora?

Activity 5. Write three reasons why the atmosphere is essential for life. Use these

ideas:

a) Sun’s radiation

b) Gases and living things

c) Control of Earth’s temperature

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Activity 6. Read the text and answer the questions.

The greenhouse effect

The greenhouse effect is a natural phenomenon which is essential for keeping the

temperatures on Earth suitable for life. The atmosphere absorbs a lot of solar radiation.

C02 in the atmosphere acts like the glass walls of a greenhouse, trapping heat and

preventing it from returning into space. In this way, the Earth does not lose too much

heat.

However, the amount of C02 has increased over the last 200 years because more

fossil fuels are burned as the population of humans and domestic animals has

increased.

Some C02 is dissolved in the oceans and absorbed by plants. Unfortunately, we are

destroying forests, the Earth's 'green lungs', and not doing much to reduce our

consumption of coal, gas and oil. So more C02 is produced, more heat is trapped in the

atmosphere, and the average temperature of the Earth is rising.

- What is the greenhouse effect?

- What are the positive and negative aspects of the greenhouse effect?

- The Greenhouse Effect is good because_______________________

- The greenhouse effect is due to the presence in the troposphere of CO2 and watervapour, which absorb ultraviolet radiation and increase the Earth’s temperature. Is this sentence correct. Why? Why not?

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Activity 7. Draw what carbon dioxide does for the weather and complete from the

power point: Atmosphere layers and composition

-It _______infrared light and ____ sent to earth by the ____

- It ____ as __________ to control the planet’s ______

-If there is too much _________the earth’s temperature will ______ ____!

Activity 8.Select the right words to complete this sentence to explain the greenhouse

effect.Atmosphere/ heats /rays/ earth/ gases/ trapped /escape /space

The sun’s ___________________________ hit the earth and some are reflected back

into___________________________. However ___________________________ in

the ___________________________such as carbon dioxide (CO2) form a barrier for

sunlight. The sun’s rays hit the ___________________________ but when reflected

back into space they are___________________________ in the atmosphere. The

sun’s rays cannot ___________________________from the atmosphere and the earth

___________________________ up

How are extra greenhouse gases produced?

Activity 9. Watch the video in the wiki The carbon Cycle and answer

a) How are increased the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere?

b) How are decreased the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere?

Extra greenhouse gases are produced through activities which release carbon dioxide,

methane, nitrous oxide, and ozone CFCs (chlorofluorocarbons). These activities

include:

• Burning coal and petrol, known as

‘fossil fuels’

• Cutting down of rainforests and other

forests

• Animal waste which lets off methane

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What is climate change?

Scientists believe that the temperature of the earth is rising because of an increase in

the amount of greenhouse gases, the main one being carbon dioxide (CO2), into the

atmosphere. They describe the release of CO2 into the atmosphere as carbon

emissions.

GLOBAL WARMING is the increase of the Earth’s average surface temperature due to

a build-up of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere

CLIMATE CHANGE is a broader term that refers to long-term changes in climate,

including average temperature and precipitation.

Activity 10.

Activity 11.

Activity 12. Pay attention to the presentation: Quickest ever slide show on global

warming and copy the consequences of Global warming

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Activity 13. Copy the main ideas from the video “Climate Change the basis”

Activity 14. A.Look at the picture and write ten things that contribute to climate chage

b- Explain how three of them contribute to climate change

Activity 15. Imagine that you have been asked to set up your own International

Climate Change Conference in your school. Now you have to think about 3 ACTIONS

to combat climate change in

1. PERSONALSOLUTIONS

2. SCHOOL- HOME SOLUTIONS

3. NATIONAL-INTERNATIONAL SOLUTIONS

WE COULD MAKE OUR ACTION TREE

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Activity 16. What effects do the following types of atmospheric pollution cause? A. Nitrogen and sulphur oxides in contact with the humidity of the atmosphere. ……… B. Burning of fossil combustibles with increased emission of CO2. ……………………. C. Use of CFC in aerosols and air conditioning machines.

Simple Things To Do

Turn off your computer or the TV when you’re not using it.

Take shorter showers. Heating water uses energy.

Keep rooms cool by closing the blinds, shades, oR curtains.

Turn off the lights when you leave a room.

Use compact fluorescent bulbs.

Dress lightly when it’s hot instead of turning up the air conditioning. Or use a

fan.

Dress warmly when it’s cold instead of turning up the heat.

Offer to help your parents keep the air filters on your AC

Walk short distances instead of asking for a ride in the car.

Plant a tree.

AND THE MOST IMPORTANT: REDUCE. Don’t buy it if you don’t need it

Activity 17. Draw one of them in a different piece of paper to our ACTION TREE

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REVIEW

1. It’s a ............. but it doesn’t ............. in other planets in the Solar System. Only our .................... has a lot of it. What is it? _____________ 2. This a kind of house made of ............ and it is used to grow ................ because the temperature is .................... in it. What´s its name? ______________ 3. You cannot ..............it but you know it is here because it ........... the ............ What is it? ___________ 4. If the temperature .................., the ice will .............., the sea level will rise and coastal cities will be_________ 5. There are two ................ of solid water .........................: ................ and __________ 6. If an airplane ..................... is broken when it´s 10.000 metres high the passengers will ................... because of the lack of ................. the pressure difference, and the very low _______________ 7. It’s a ................... with lots of ....................... and heavy ............... What is it? _________ 8. It’s a ................. in the atmosphere and it’s very ..................... because it contains a gas which ......................... us from harmful rays. What is its name? _____________ 9. Today the atmospheric ............................ is very ..................... and the ............... of the sky is _______________ 10. Some cities are very ................. and people get ................. Which body ...................is affected? _____________ 11. If we want to reduce global ...................... we should plant more trees and ................ using oil, gas and ................. because they release a special gas into the atmosphere. Which gas? _______________ 12. It’s 18 .............................. It isn’t ................ and it isn’t warm. What is it?____________ 13. When the ...................... in a ......................... map are very close together the ...................... are going to be very______________ 14. The ultraviolet rays can come through the ........... in the ozone layer and cause diseases in a part of the human ..................... Which part is it?_____________ 15. When it’s warm, the water ............................ and goes up until it gets into ............... zones of the atmosphere and it condenses and something appears in the ..................... What are they? _____________