unit 3 lesson 5 tangents, arcs, and...

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Unit 3 Lesson 5 Tangents, arcs, and sectors What are we going to learn in this lesson? The relationship between a tangent and the radius of a circle . The relationship between two tangents segments drawn to a circle from a point outside the circle. The relationship between the angle between a tangent and a chord, and the inscribed angle on the opposite side of the chord. How to calculate the length of an arc in a circle How to calculate the area of a sector in a circleComment calculer l'aire d'un secteur d' cercle

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Page 1: Unit 3 Lesson 5 Tangents, arcs, and sectorsmmecaissie.wikispaces.com/file/view/4a+tangents,+arcs+and+sector… · Unit 3 Lesson 5 Tangents, arcs, and sectors What are we going to

Unit 3Lesson 5

Tangents, arcs, and sectors

What are we going to learn in this lesson?

• The relationship between a tangent and the radius of a circle .

• The relationship between two tangents segments drawn to a circle from a point outside the circle.

• The relationship between the angle between a tangent and a chord, and the inscribed angle on the opposite side of the chord.

• How to calculate the length of an arc in a circle

• How to calculate the area of a sector in a circleComment calculer l'aire d'un secteur d'un cercle

Page 2: Unit 3 Lesson 5 Tangents, arcs, and sectorsmmecaissie.wikispaces.com/file/view/4a+tangents,+arcs+and+sector… · Unit 3 Lesson 5 Tangents, arcs, and sectors What are we going to

What is a tangent?

A line that intersects the circle once, and only once, is called a tangent.  The point where the line intersects the circle is called point of tangency. 

In application: Use the above definition to draw a tangent on the following circle. 

tangent

point oftangency

Tangent property (1)

Tangent Theorem, part 1A tangent to a circle is perpendicular to the radius at the point of tangency. 

The converse of this theorem is also true.If a line is perpendicular to a radius at its outer endpoint, then the line is tangent to the circle. 

In application: Use the above definition to represent the Tangent Theorem part 1 in the following circle. 

Page 3: Unit 3 Lesson 5 Tangents, arcs, and sectorsmmecaissie.wikispaces.com/file/view/4a+tangents,+arcs+and+sector… · Unit 3 Lesson 5 Tangents, arcs, and sectors What are we going to

Tangent property (2)

Tangent Theorem, part 2The tangent segments to a circle from any external points are congruent. 

In application: Use the above definition to represent the Tangent Theorem part 2 in the following circle. 

Tangent property (3)

Tangent Theorem, part 3The angle between a tangent and a chord is equal to the inscribed angle on the opposite side of the chord. 

In application: Use the above definition to represent the Tangent Theorem part 3 in the following circle. 

Page 4: Unit 3 Lesson 5 Tangents, arcs, and sectorsmmecaissie.wikispaces.com/file/view/4a+tangents,+arcs+and+sector… · Unit 3 Lesson 5 Tangents, arcs, and sectors What are we going to

Example (p. 429, Example 5)1. Find the length of TR.  The perimeter is 44 cm,   TS = TR  and  SC = 6 cm.

T

C S

B

RA

Example (p. 430, Example 7)2. Find the measures of               and            .Given    and   . A

B

C

D

E

FO

Page 5: Unit 3 Lesson 5 Tangents, arcs, and sectorsmmecaissie.wikispaces.com/file/view/4a+tangents,+arcs+and+sector… · Unit 3 Lesson 5 Tangents, arcs, and sectors What are we going to

Worksheet

p. 431 #s 1­14

1. x = 5

2. w = 20o x = 70oy = 9 z = 20o

3. x = 11,2

4. x = 13 y = 13

5. x = 5,3

6. x = 140o

7. 1 = 64o 2 = 71o

8. 1 = 18o 2 = 81o

Page 6: Unit 3 Lesson 5 Tangents, arcs, and sectorsmmecaissie.wikispaces.com/file/view/4a+tangents,+arcs+and+sector… · Unit 3 Lesson 5 Tangents, arcs, and sectors What are we going to

9. 1 = 30o 2 = 75o

10.1 = 65o 2 = 65o

11.1 = 49o 2 = 61o3 = 70o 4 = 61o 5 = 40o

12.1 = 51o 2 = 39o3 = 39o

13.1 = 77o 2 = 37o3 = 73o 4 = 106o14.1 = 66o 2 = 66o3 = 66o 4 = 57o 5 = 48o

Calculate the missing values.

55o

145o

y

x

z

Page 7: Unit 3 Lesson 5 Tangents, arcs, and sectorsmmecaissie.wikispaces.com/file/view/4a+tangents,+arcs+and+sector… · Unit 3 Lesson 5 Tangents, arcs, and sectors What are we going to
Page 8: Unit 3 Lesson 5 Tangents, arcs, and sectorsmmecaissie.wikispaces.com/file/view/4a+tangents,+arcs+and+sector… · Unit 3 Lesson 5 Tangents, arcs, and sectors What are we going to
Page 9: Unit 3 Lesson 5 Tangents, arcs, and sectorsmmecaissie.wikispaces.com/file/view/4a+tangents,+arcs+and+sector… · Unit 3 Lesson 5 Tangents, arcs, and sectors What are we going to

What are an arc and a sector?

A sector of a circle is a region bounded by two radii and their intercepted arc.   The central angle is also known as the sector angle.

An arc of a circle is a section of the circumference of the circle.  

In application: Use the above definition to draw a sector, a sector angle, and an arc on the following circle. 

sector

sector angle

arc

The length of an arc

Remember the formula for the circumference of a circle: 

Since an arc represents a section of the circumference, we multiply the circumference by the proportion of the arc.  Therefore, the length of an arc is calculated by using the following formula (where θ is the central angle) :

Example: Calculate the length of the following arc:

Page 10: Unit 3 Lesson 5 Tangents, arcs, and sectorsmmecaissie.wikispaces.com/file/view/4a+tangents,+arcs+and+sector… · Unit 3 Lesson 5 Tangents, arcs, and sectors What are we going to

The sector area

Remember the formula for the area of a circle: 

Since an arc represents a section of the total area, we multiply the total area by the proportion of the sector area. Therefore, the sector area is calculated by using the following formula (where θ is the central angle) :

Example: Calculate the following sector area:

ExampleCalculate the arc length and the sector area for the following circles:

Page 11: Unit 3 Lesson 5 Tangents, arcs, and sectorsmmecaissie.wikispaces.com/file/view/4a+tangents,+arcs+and+sector… · Unit 3 Lesson 5 Tangents, arcs, and sectors What are we going to

Worksheet

p. 435­436 #s 1­14

Page 435­436 #1­14

1. 12,9 cm

2. 63,4 cm

3. 65,0 cm

4. 261,5 cm

5. 1312,5 cm2

6. 349,1 cm2

7. 7259,5 cm2

8. 4241,2 cm2 

9. 87o

10. 108o

11. 36o

12. 320o

13. 224o

14. 16o 

Page 12: Unit 3 Lesson 5 Tangents, arcs, and sectorsmmecaissie.wikispaces.com/file/view/4a+tangents,+arcs+and+sector… · Unit 3 Lesson 5 Tangents, arcs, and sectors What are we going to

Exit slipCalculate the measure of the smallest central angle of a circle where the radius is 10 cm. The circle has a minor arc of 50 cm.