Unit 3 ImperialismCh. 11/1, 2, & 4 12/1 14/ 3 and 4CORE Assignments

Cecil Rhodes connecting Africa

"I contend that we are the finest race in the world and that the more of the world we inhabit the better it is for the human race."

Imperialism

“The takeover of a country or territory by a stronger nation with the intent of dominating the political, economic, and social life of the people”

Five Motives of Imperialism

EconomicPoliticalReligiousExploratoryIdeological

Social Darwinism

Social Darwinism–“Survival of the fittest”

Societies with more wealth, power and technology are superior to those with less

Europeans had a right and a duty to spread their superiority

Take up the White Man's burden--Send forth the best ye breed--Go bind your sons to exileTo serve your captives' need;To wait in heavy harness,On fluttered folk and wild--Your new-caught, sullen peoples,Half-devil and half-child.

Take up the White Man's burden--In patience to abide,To veil the threat of terrorAnd check the show of pride;By open speech and simple,An hundred times made plainTo seek another's profit,And work another's gain.

Take up the White Man's burden--The savage wars of peace--Fill full the mouth of FamineAnd bid the sickness cease;And when your goal is nearestThe end for others sought,Watch sloth and heathen FollyBring all your hopes to nought.

Take up the White Man's burden--No tawdry rule of kings,But toil of serf and sweeper--The tale of common things.The ports ye shall not enter,The roads ye shall not tread,Go mark them with your living,And mark them with your dead.

Take up the White Man's burden--And reap his old reward:The blame of those ye better,The hate of those ye guard--The cry of hosts ye humour(Ah, slowly!) toward the light:--"Why brought he us from bondage,Our loved Egyptian night?“

The White Man’s BurdenRudyard Kipling

Take up the White Man's burden--Ye dare not stoop to less--Nor call too loud on FreedomTo cloke your weariness;By all ye cry or whisper,By all ye leave or do,The silent, sullen peoplesShall weigh your gods and you.

Take up the White Man's burden--Have done with childish days--The lightly proferred laurel,The easy, ungrudged praise.Comes now, to search your manhoodThrough all the thankless yearsCold, edged with dear-bought wisdom,The judgment of your peers!

Question of the Day

Does a stronger country HAVE THE RIGHT to take over a weaker nation?When is the answer “Yes” and when is the answer “No”?

African ConflictsMany clashes between Europeans & Africans… AND Europeans & themselvesBoer Wars – Dutch settlers fighting to claim goldZulu Wars – warriors led by Shaka, united tribes

Berlin Conference 1884-1885 (no Africans present)

African Conflicts

Suez Canal 1869

Shortest link btwn Europe and Asia

Built by FrenchFought for by many

Positives NegativesTechnologyModernizationHealth & medicinesOften united warring groups

Few rights/libertiesLoss of cultureSubjugation/slaveryStronger doesn’t really care

Guns, Germs, and Steel

Explain Diamond’s theory of Imperialism.

GeographyAgricultureIndustrializationAnd, of course….Guns, Germs, and Steel

QoDDoes the U.S. act in an Imperialist way? Why/Why not?

Is Imperialism a Positive or Negative influence? Explain.

IndiaBritish economic claims date to the1600’sThe “Jewel of the Crown”

British East India Company (BEIC) controls all $$$

Hindus and Muslims worried about their religions

Indian GoodsTeaIndigoCoffeeCottonOpium!!!

Railroads moved goods from interior3rd largest in world

Treatment of “Subjects”Paternalism – treating natives like children to be coddled, or punished!

Assimilation – changed native culture by making it more European and therefore, the people more European

Sepoy Rebellion - 1857Sepoys – Indian soldiers working for the BritishRefuse to fire guns bcz of religious purposes

Cow and pork fat in cartridgesAct of Revolution

Loyal Subjects?Britain tells India they will grant self-rule after WWI – they don’t

A greater call for Indian independence

Indian National Congress Party

A leader is needed!

QoD – What are the qualities/characterisitcs of an EFFECTIVE leader?

THINK ABOUT:

• Your boss•Your coach•Your teachers•Your president•Other famous historical leaders

ChinaInto the 1800’s China is a self-sufficient empire and strongly anti-European

Only trade was with Britain UNTIL Sphere of Influence brought other European countries into China

Eventually opium was imported to China from…

INDIA

Opium addiction a serious problem

27%of total population!

Another problem was the population – 430 million by 1850

Famine and starvation rampant

Chinese RebellionsOpium WarsBoxer Rebellion

BOTH fought against European forcesBOTH ended in Chinese defeat and enhanced European rule

Communists Offer ChangeBy the early 1920’s…

Nationalists control gov’t led by Chiang kai Shek

Communists offer land and change to peasants

Chinese Civil War

Mao Zedong (1893-1976)Chairman/Founder of Chinese Communist Party1949 People’s Republic of China Ineffective economic policiesRule through fear and intimidationMillions of Chinese people dieSymbol of Chinese Communism

Mohandas Gandhi Mao ZedongLeadership Styles & Events

Mao, Gandhi…or BOTH?1. Educated as a lawyer2. The Long March3. His clothing helped him identify with his

people4. The Salt March5. His goal was to maintain his own power6. Civil resistance caused trouble7. His goal was to gain independence8. Assassinated9. The Red Guards worked for him10. His Wife played a major role in his

success

11. The Cultural Revolution12. His actions were Non-violent13. The Jewel of the Crown14. Often targeted intellectuals for

extermination15. The Little Red Book16. Had a vision for his country17. Tried to help his country

economically18. Hated the Western World19. Teachers are put through

Struggle Sessions20. Went to jail many times