unit 3 ecosystems chapter 6. part 1 the web of life p. 92 & food relationships p. 93 questions...
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Part 1Part 1The Web Of Life p. 92The Web Of Life p. 92
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Food Relationships p. 93Food Relationships p. 93
Questions #3-9 in the bookQuestions #3-9 in the book
Define Ecosystem
Ecosystem = the network of relationships (interactions) among plants, animals and the non-living parts in an environment.
Differentiate the terms producers, consumer, decomposers. P. 93
Producer = a plant which can synthesize carbohydrates using carbon dioxide and the sun’s energy.
Actually “produce” their own food and food for the rest of the ecosystem
Other examples:GrassesTrees shrubsWater liliesFlowersVegetablesFruits
Consumers = All those organisms that have to eat (consume) plants or animals to obtain their food.
Differentiate the terms producers, consumer, decomposers. P. 93
Types of consumers
Primary Consumers: Animals that eat producers. Also called 1st. order consumers. (Ex. Rabbit, squirrels, grouse, insects)
Secondary Consumers: Animals that eat primary consumers. Also called 2nd. order consumers. (fox, owl, mink )
Tertiary Consumers: Animals that eat secondary consumers. Also called 3rd. order consumers. (Wolf, coyote, hawk)
• Decomposers = Simple organisms that obtain their food from dead/decaying organisms and wastes.
Differentiate the terms producers, consumer, decomposers. P. 94
Examples:WormsBacteriaFungiProtozoa
Consumers, producers & decomposers….
SimilaritiesSimilarities
All three are terms All three are terms referring to the way referring to the way organisms obtain food & organisms obtain food & energyenergy
DifferencesDifferences
The way they obtain foodThe way they obtain food
Producers make it, Producers make it,
Consumers eat it, Consumers eat it,
Decomposer feed on Decomposer feed on wastes & dead material.wastes & dead material.
Differentiate the terms food chain & food web. P. 94
Food chain = linear sequence representing the nutrition of various species from the simplest plant to the top carnivore.
Food web = a series of interconnecting food chains in an ecosystem.
Differentiate the terms food web & food chain. P. 94
Similarity
Both food chains and food webs show the flow of nutrients and energy in an ecosystem.
Difference
Food web is more complex
Food web is composed of several food chains
Food web is a more realistic picture of an ecosystem.
Identify examples of producers & consumersSee “Handout”
Producers
Primary Consumers
Secondary Consumers
Tertiary Consumers
Decomposers
Give an example of a food chain from fig. 6.4. P. 95
Note: The arrows indicate the flow of energy & nutrients from one level to the next
Tree
→
insect
→
insect eating bird →
hawk
Producer Primary consumer
2nd order consumer
3rd order consumer
Draw an example of a food web containing humans. P. 94
ManCow
Mosquito
Hawk
Phytoplankton
fish
Grass Decomposer
Using figure 6.5 summarize the main energy flows in an ecosystem p. 95
Sun = source of all ecosystem energyProducers make food via photosynthesisConsumers eat plants and other consumers to get energy Each time energy moves from one organism to another, energy leaves the system in the form of heat.Decomposers return nutrients to the soil but energy is not recycled. It is lost!
Summary – Energy & Food WebsThe ultimate source of energy (for most ecosystems) is the sun
The ultimate fate of energy in ecosystems is for it to be lost as heat.
Energy and nutrients are passed from organism to organism through the food chain as one organism eats another.
Decomposers remove the last energy from the remains of organisms.
Inorganic nutrients are cycled, energy is not.
Question #14, 15 & #16 p. 98 make perfect review questions for the test..