Unit 2 ValuesUnit 2 Values

Part Part II: New words and expressions(2- 26): New words and expressions(2- 26)

Part : Pre-reading Task(27)ⅡPart : Pre-reading Task(27)Ⅱ Part :While-reading Task(28)ⅢPart :While-reading Task(28)Ⅲ Part : Writing (29)ⅣPart : Writing (29)Ⅳ

1.1.He imagined what surely awaitedHe imagined what surely awaited: He imagined what he : He imagined what he was surely to see.was surely to see.

2. 2. remoteremote: far away in space or time: far away in space or time

E.g.: The supply of electricity to remote mounE.g.: The supply of electricity to remote mountainous villages is one of the local develop-ment projects itainous villages is one of the local develop-ment projects in Yunnan province.n Yunnan province.

Taming the deserts is no longer a dream of the remoTaming the deserts is no longer a dream of the remote future but a practical human endeavor.te future but a practical human endeavor.

3. 3. discountdiscount: amount of money which may be taken off the f: amount of money which may be taken off the full priceull price

E.g.: Traditional retailers who’ve opened E.g.: Traditional retailers who’ve opened

Cyberstores may offer special discounts to online shoppers.

Though online bookstores usually offer discounts, don’t expect to save much.

4. It was nice, but no palace: The house was nice, but not luxurious.

5. Only in America can a billionaire carry on like plain folks…: It is only in America that a billionaire can live in the same way as ordinary people…

Only: In writing and formal speech, you can put “only” at the beginning of a sentence, followed by

The word, word group, or clause it modifies, and then you put an auxiliary or “be” followed by the subject of the main clause.

E.g.: Only here was it safe to prepare and handle hot drinks.

Only then did peter realize that he still hadn’t phoned his mother.

Only when the injured limb is fully mobile will the runner be encouraged to re-strengthen it.

Carry on: behave or conduct oneself in a specific way

E.g.: There’s nothing unusual about them. They carry on just like everybody else.

He carries on as if he were a millionaire, spending money left, right and centre.

folk: people in general (You can refer to people as folk or folks.)

E.g.: They got married and had kids and lived like other folks.

These are the folks from the local TV station.

get away with: do sth. Wrong or risky without

Being caught or punished

E.g.: They claimed that they knew how to play the system and get away with it.

Eric has been getting away with tax fraud for years.

6. Bird dogs: dogs which hunt birds

7. Local: of or for a particular place

E.g.: The plane was to take off at 6 a.m. and land at 7 a.m. local time.

Three-quarters of the investment needed to host the Olympics would be borne by central and

local government.

8. Treatment: the way you deal with sb. Or behave towards them (followed by of)

E.g.: Like everyone else, I resent his cruel treatment of his old father.

The old woman suffered from bad treatment at the hands of her sons. None of them were willing to take care of her.

9. By/from all accounts: according to what everyone says

E.g.: Tom, by all accounts, is a superb teacher.

The Chinese football team will play the Koreans tonight. It should be a match worth watching, by all accounts.

10. Cheerful: (of sb.) happy in a lively, energetic way; (of sth.) making you feel happy

E.g.: One of the reasons why she is successful is that she is able to remain cheerful in a crisis.

They are both very cheerful in spite of their colds.

The kindergarten is bright and cheerful, with plenty of toys.

I like songs with cheerful tunes.

11. blend in/into: If sb. blends into a particular group or situation, or if they blend in, they seem to belong there or are not noticeable, because their behavior is similar to that of the other people involved. (used in the patterns: blend in; blend in; blend into sth.; blend in with sth.)

E.g.: What he said reinforced my determination to blend in with my surroundings.

As a newly-appointed manager, he was not sure whether he could blend in.

The painter blended in with the crowd at the art sale.

12. Throw one’s weight around: behave in an aggressively arrogant way

E.g.: Mr. Smith is not much of a manager. He always throws his weight around.

Folks don’t like their chairman as he always throws his weight around.

13. Reserve:

1) order or book (a seat, book, room, table, etc.)

E.g.: The service at that five-star restaurant is

Excellent. I’ll reserve a table for five there.

Demand will be huge, so ask your friends to reserve tickets for the concert.

2)keep for a special use (used in the pattern: be reserved for sb./sth.)

E.g.: In the United States lanes are reserved for cars with more than one occupant.

Some seats on the buses are reserved for the old.

14. “Look, he’s just not that way.” : “You see, he is not the sort of person to reserve seats for himself.”

15. Open up: unlock and open the door so that people can get in

E.g.: Open up, or I break in.

They open the school up at 7:45 a.m. so that students can have more sleep.

16. It buried the Forbes list at the bottom of page 2.: The Forbes list was arranged at the bottom of page 2 in the Benton County Daily Democrat so that it could not be found easily.

17. headline: the title of a newspaper article, printed above the article in large letters

E.g.: Headlines in the newspaper are arranged so that they attract attention.

The headlines in the newspapers were to please millions of people in China: Beijing to host the 2008 Olympic Games.

18. hold to: keep to

E.g.: John holds to his belief that you can be successful as long as you work hard.

She always holds passionately to the view that her mother is an angel.

19. stock: shares of a company that are sold to

Investors.

E.g.: You’d better get professional advice before buying stocks or bonds.

After a dull start, stock prices moved ahead again yesterday.

20. on the run: continuously active and moving about; try to avoid being captured

E.g.: I have to be on the run from one office to another to get the permit to open a take-away restaurant.

He is on the run from the police.

21. steer clear of: keep away from

E.g.: Children are told to steer clear of troublemakers.

Members of the club steer clear of controversial issues such as religion.

22. But the real story in his mind is…: But what is always on his mind is…

23. make up: form the whole of (sth.)

E.g.: Women make up nearly 50% of university entrants.

The college is made up of fourteen

departments and five research centers.

24. liable: likely (to do sth.)

E.g.: It’s liable to snow heavily tomorrow.

The sports meeting is liable to be postponed until next week because of the bad weather.

25. as laid down…: as established

lay down: officially establish a rule, or officially state the way in which sth. must be done

E.g.: Conditions for membership are laid down in the soccer club rules.

The school authorities have issued a new

booklet laying down regulations for students.

26. loyalty: the quality of staying firm in your friendship or support for sb./sth.; a strong feeling that one wants to be faithful to sb./sth. (followed by to)

E.g.: My father is a soccer fan. His loyalty to the local team has taken him all over the country to see them play.

Once his mind was made up, General Lee never changed his loyalty to the South.

27. system:1) set of ideas, theories, principles, etc.

according to which sth. is doneaccording to which sth. is done E.g.: Most of the teachers are doing research worE.g.: Most of the teachers are doing research wor

k, trying to find a good system of teaching Englisk, trying to find a good system of teaching English.h.

The classification of the books in the library The classification of the books in the library follows the Dewey Decimal System.follows the Dewey Decimal System.

All the employees are required to work on aAll the employees are required to work on an eight-hour system.n eight-hour system.

2) group of things or parts working together 2) group of things or parts working together as a wholeas a whole

E.g.: With the further development of automatioE.g.: With the further development of automation, more complicated control systems have come in, more complicated control systems have come into beingnto being..

Manned space vehicles have life-support syManned space vehicles have life-support systems designed to meet all the physical needs of tstems designed to meet all the physical needs of the crew.he crew.

28. 28. cut prices and margins to the bonecut prices and margins to the bone: reduce price: reduce prices and margins considerably or dramaticallys and margins considerably or dramatically

29. 29. qualifyqualify: have or give (sb.) a legal right (to sth./t: have or give (sb.) a legal right (to sth./to do sth.) (followed by for or infinitive to)o do sth.) (followed by for or infinitive to)

E.g.: A few useful skills—English teaching, for eE.g.: A few useful skills—English teaching, for example—qualified foreigners for work visas.xample—qualified foreigners for work visas.

Highly trained staff are well qualified to givHighly trained staff are well qualified to give practical advice to students when they select coe practical advice to students when they select courses.urses.

30.30. option option: 1) (in business) an agreement or contrac: 1) (in business) an agreement or contract that gives sb. the right to buy or sell sth. such at that gives sb. the right to buy or sell sth. such as property or shares at a future dates property or shares at a future date

E.g.: With cash, stock options and the promise of E.g.: With cash, stock options and the promise of vast resources, Microsoft has attracted faculty elivast resources, Microsoft has attracted faculty elites to its research center.tes to its research center.

Jones has taken an option on that house.Jones has taken an option on that house. 2) sth. you can choose to do2) sth. you can choose to do E.g.: She has the option of entering graduate schE.g.: She has the option of entering graduate sch

ool or starting her professional career.ool or starting her professional career. Analysts say that the launch of the euro offeAnalysts say that the launch of the euro offe

rs a new and attractive option.rs a new and attractive option.31. 31. scholarshipscholarship: (award of a) grant of money to a : (award of a) grant of money to a

scholarscholar E.g.: He can’t afford to go to college if he E.g.: He can’t afford to go to college if he

doesn’t win a scholarship.doesn’t win a scholarship. Some companies have set up scholarships Some companies have set up scholarships

for both students and teachers at our university.for both students and teachers at our university.32. 32. and the likeand the like: and other things of the same sort: and other things of the same sort If you mention particular things or people and If you mention particular things or people and

then add “and the like”, you are indicating that then add “and the like”, you are indicating that there are other similar things or people that can there are other similar things or people that can be included in what you are saying.be included in what you are saying.

E.g.: Many students are also keeping fit through E.g.: Many students are also keeping fit through jogging, aerobics, weight training, and the like.jogging, aerobics, weight training, and the like.

Always carry your passport, money and theAlways carry your passport, money and the

like with you while you are traveling abroad.like with you while you are traveling abroad.33.33. cultivate cultivate: 1) make a special effort to establish a: 1) make a special effort to establish a

nd develop (sth.)nd develop (sth.) E.g.: They encourage students to cultivate speciaE.g.: They encourage students to cultivate specia

l interests in theoretical physics.l interests in theoretical physics. Some students try to cultivate a love of art.Some students try to cultivate a love of art. 2) prepare land and grow crops on it2) prepare land and grow crops on it E.g.: They cultivated 500 acres in the suburb.E.g.: They cultivated 500 acres in the suburb. The remote area has barely been cultivated The remote area has barely been cultivated

for decades. for decades.34. 34. rewardreward: give sth. to (sb.) in return for work or s: give sth. to (sb.) in return for work or s

ervices (used in the pattern: ervices (used in the pattern: reward sb. for sth. wireward sb. for sth. with sth.)th sth.)

E.g.: The officer is to be rewarded for his efforts E.g.: The officer is to be rewarded for his efforts with promotion to the rank of inspector.with promotion to the rank of inspector.

If you do well in the final exams, I will If you do well in the final exams, I will reward you with a trip to Hong Kong.reward you with a trip to Hong Kong.

35.35. retire retire: (cause to) stop working at one’s job, usu. : (cause to) stop working at one’s job, usu. Because of age (followed by from)Because of age (followed by from)

E.g.: Although their careers are important they E.g.: Although their careers are important they plan to retire at 50.plan to retire at 50.

The school had to employ the retired The school had to employ the retired teachers to give classes.teachers to give classes.

36. 36. … who was stunned at such generosity after the … who was stunned at such generosity after the stingy employer he left to join Wal-Mart:…stingy employer he left to join Wal-Mart:… who, who, having left his stingy employer to join Wal-Mart, having left his stingy employer to join Wal-Mart,

was shocked at such generosity by Waltonwas shocked at such generosity by Walton37. 37. come/get aboardcome/get aboard: (: (Ame, infmlAme, infml) join) join E.g.: New employees who came aboard in the lasE.g.: New employees who came aboard in the las

t six weeks have not been tested.t six weeks have not been tested. This is her second promotion since coming This is her second promotion since coming

aboard.aboard.38. 38. the way they’re treatedthe way they’re treated: how they’re treated: how they’re treated When “the way” is followed by a defining relativWhen “the way” is followed by a defining relativ

e clause, this clause can be either a “that” clause oe clause, this clause can be either a “that” clause or a clause beginning with “in which”. For examplr a clause beginning with “in which”. For example, you can say “the way she told the story”, “the e, you can say “the way she told the story”, “the way that she told the story”, or “the way in which way that she told the story”, or “the way in which she told the story”. There is no difference inshe told the story”. There is no difference in

meaning.meaning. E.g.: Scientists have spent years studying the waE.g.: Scientists have spent years studying the wa

y the brain retains information.y the brain retains information. The information highway will have an unimThe information highway will have an unim

aginable impact on the way people communicate aginable impact on the way people communicate with each other.with each other.

39. 39. deservedeserve: be sth. or have done sth. for which one : be sth. or have done sth. for which one should receive (a reward, special treatment, etc.); should receive (a reward, special treatment, etc.); be entitled to (not used in the continuous tense)be entitled to (not used in the continuous tense)

E.g.: I am only partly responsible for the success E.g.: I am only partly responsible for the success of this book, my collaborator deserves more crediof this book, my collaborator deserves more credit.t.

They deserve a better salary for the job theyThey deserve a better salary for the job they do.do. Mary deserves a reward for her efforts. Mary deserves a reward for her efforts.

Part Ⅱ Pre-reading task (students' book: page 32 ) 1. Who is it about? 2. What happened to him one day 3. Do you think it was worthwhile to

walk two or three miles to pay back the six and a quarter cents?

4. Is the story related to the theme of the unit– values.

Part Ⅲ While reading task:

Text organization

1) T asks students to think about questions on Ss’ book (Page 39) and choose some of students to answer

2). T asks to scan the text to see if there is any natural dividing lines separating it into parts.

( The text can be divided into three parts. Between each part, there is a blank line.)

3).T draws Ss’ attention to Text Organization Exercise1(Ss’ book, Page 40), guides them through the directions, so that they can grasp the main function of each part

Part WritingⅣ Let students read page61 of Ss’

book and write an invitation.

The endThe end They are many dThey are many doors to your droors to your dream, and you deam, and you decide how manecide how many you can open.y you can open.