unit 2: notes circulatory system, respiratory system, and lymphatic system
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Unit 2: Notes Circulatory System, Respiratory System, and Lymphatic System. Ch 23 INTROpg. 6. Find this chart on your page. Graph your results using the beats per minute. (min 4). (min 2). - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Unit 2: NotesCirculatory System, Respiratory System, and Lymphatic System
Ch 23 INTRO pg. 6Find this chart on your page.
Initial Resting After Exercise Resting 5 min
Beats in 15 sec
Beats per minute
On the right side, fill in the chart with things you already know about the four sections (cardiovascular system, blood, lymphatic system, and respiratory system). Write with a pencil and you can draw pictures if you want.
(min 2)
(min 4)
(min 4)
(min 4)
Graph your results using the beats per minute.
Cardiovascular system components:
Heart
Arteries
Capillaries
Veins
Heart
4 Chambers:
right atria
left atria
right ventricle
left ventricle
valves separate chambers
aorta – major artery
vena cava – major vein
pulmonary artery and vein
Animation
Youtube videos for heart and circulation
Rap
Pump Your Blood http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=D8LK34hoVpU&feature=related
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=q0s-1MC1hcE&feature=related
Blood Vessels3 Types of Blood Vessels:
1. Artery
2. Capillary
3. Vein
Arteries• Arteries Always carry blood Away from the heart
• Thick walls to support pressure from heart pumping
• Usually bright red due to highly oxygenated blood
• Aorta – major artery supplying body’s blood
• Coronary artery – supplies heart’s blood
• Carotid artery – supplies brain’s blood
• Pulmonary artery – supplies lung’s blood (low O2 – darker)
Veins• Always take blood towards the heart
• Thinner than arteries
• Darker color due to less oxygenated blood
• Vena Cava – major vein returning body’s blood
• Jugular vein – vein returning brain’s blood
• Pulmonary vein – returning lung’s blood (high O2 – bright)
Capillaries• Smallest of all blood vessels – single file
• Where the diffusion of gases and other molecules takes place (things entering and leaving your blood)
• No cell in your body is more than 3 or 4 cells away from a capillary
Blood Flow• Pulmonary Circulation – heart to lungs and back
• Systemic Circulation – heart to rest of body and back
Atherosclerosis When cholesterol builds up in the walls of blood vessels and restricts blood flow
Blood Pressure (hypertension) (hypotension)
Systolic – pressure in arteries when ventricles contract
Diastolic – pressure in arteries when ventricles relax
When it is too high, blood vessels can be damaged or rupture (aneurysm). Stroke – when blood flow is cut off to brain.
Heart Attacks / Heart Failure
Heart attack - when heart muscle cells die and part of the heart is damaged. Too many cells dying could cause the heart to stop. (cardiac arrest)
Heart failure – not enough blood being pumped to the body. Important organs may suffer or stop working.
http://www.bhf.org.uk/cbhf/games/heart_op/
http://www.abc.net.au/science/lcs/heart.htm
Heart Surgery
Blood3 Functions:• __________ sends
nutrients and oxygen throughout your body
• __________ protects your body against antigens
• __________ clots to stop bleeding after a cut or bruise
Transport
Immunity
Healing
1% WBC and platelets
44% RBC
55% Plasma – mostly water
Brain Pop
aorta
right ventricle
pulmonary artery
oxygen
pulmonary vein
left atrium
left ventricle
Capillaries of the body
Vena cava
Carbon dioxide
Plasma
• Liquid
• Mostly _________
• Functions:– Transport
– Carries hormones and wastes
– Makes up 55% of the blood
H2O
Red Blood Cells (____________)
• Most numerous
• Formed in the bone marrow
• Functions: – Carries oxygen and nutrients to body and
waste back
– Filled with the protein hemoglobin, which contains iron (makes your blood red, like rust)
erythrocytes
White Blood Cells (____________)
• Larger than RBC’s
• Immunity
• Functions:– Fight off invading organisms (pathogens)
– Release antibodies to help identify pathogens
– Destroy damaged/infected cells
leukocytes
Platelets
• Small pieces of cells from bone marrow
• Functions:– Healing
– Collect around cuts and produce fibrin to make a net to stop bleeding
Blood Type
• Every person has one of four blood types: A, B, AB, or O. Your blood type refers to the type of antigens you have on the surface of your RBCs.
• Antigens – the markers that identify what kind of blood you have.
• Antibodies – the markers that look for foreign blood types to attack.
Brain Pop
• Transfusion – replacing your blood with someone else’s due to blood loss during surgery or an injury.
Type Can receive Can donate to
A A, O A, AB
B B, O B, AB
AB all AB only
O O all
Lymphatic System
Glue the body outline into your science log. Use the textbook page 617 as a guide to draw and label the lymphatic system.
Brain Pop
ThymusLymph nodesLymphatic vesselsSpleenTonsil
Lymphatic System
• Like another circulatory system
• Group of tissues and organs that collects excess fluid and returns it to your blood
• Helps fight pathogens
Brain Pop
• Lymph capillaries – absorb fluid and small particles (dead cells/pathogens) near cells
• Lymphatic vessels carry this lymph back towards your neck where it drains into veins of the cardiovascular system
• Lymph nodes – small bean shaped masses of tissue that remove pathogens and dead cells from the lymph– Lymphocytes are types of WBC’s that fill
lymph nodes and attack pathogens
• Lymph nodes get swollen when you have an infection. Why???
• Thymus – gland that makes T cells ready to fight
• Spleen – soft and spongy organ that – produces lymphocytes– recycles old/damaged RBC’s
• Tonsils – tissue that stores WBC’s and fights infections
Respiration vs. Breathing
• Respiration – obtaining and using O2 and getting rid of CO2 and H2O
• Breathing – inhaling and exhaling
pharynx
lung
trachea
diaphragm
vocal cords
larynx
bronchus
bronchiole
alveoli
Gas Exchange
Breathing
B
C
D
EF
G
A H
I
A
D
A
F
H
G
E
D
C
B