unit 1: chemistry basics 1.5 lab equipment. beaker beakers hold solids or liquids that will not...
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BeakerBeakers hold solids or liquids that
• will not release gases when reacted
Or
• will not splatter if stirred or heated
Erlenmeyer Flask
Erlenmeyer flasks hold solids or liquids that may:
• Release gases during a reaction
Or
• Likely to splatter if stirred or heated
Narrow opening
Volumetric Flask
• Volumetric flasks are calibrated to contain a precise volume.
• They are more accurate than a graduated cylinder.
• Best tool for precise dilutions and preparation stock solutions.
• Draw back: Only can measure ONE volume accurately (as printed on flask)
Rubber Stoppers
Rubber stoppers are used to close containers to avoid spillage or contamination.NOTE: Containers should never be heated when there is a stopper in place.
Spot Well Plates
Spot Well plates are used when we want to perform many small scale reactions at one time.
Watch Glass
• A watch glass is used to hold a small amount of solid, such as the product of a reaction.
• Also useful if solid needs to dry in drying oven.
Glass Stir Rod
• A glass rod is used to manually stir solutions.
• It can also be used to decant a solution from a beaker without spilling.
• Liquid flows down glass stir rod
Rubber Policeman
• Glass sir rod with rubber end attached
• When we need to keep the solid- Used to scrap out solids from container
• Can be flipped over to use end as glass stir rod
• Note: don’t “stir” with rubber end- It breaks or cracks the rubber end
disposable plastic Transfer Pipettes (or pipet)
• Transfer pipette is used to transfer a small volume of liquid (less than 1 mL).
• Allows control for you to add drop by drop.
• Can use with graduated cylinder to get an exact volume
On top of each transfer pipette is a “ bulb”
Pipette (or spelled pipet) (sometimes spelled pipet)
• A pipette measures and delivers exact volumes of liquids.
• Can be plastic or glass
Pipette Pump (or pipet pump)
• Works with pipette.
• Pipette Pump draws up or “sucks” up liquid into pipette.
• When release button is pushed will deliver or “empties” liquid from pipette into desire container.
Wash Bottle
• A wash bottle has a spout that delivers a wash solution to a specific area.
• Distilled water is the only liquid that should be used in a wash bottle.
Weigh Boat• Weigh boats are
used to weigh solids on a balance.
• This keeps the balance pan from being contaminated with chemicals.
• If you “flex” or bend the weigh boat it can be used to transfer measure chemicals to another container.
Spatulas
Spatulas are used to dispense solid chemicals from their containers.
Chemicals should never be transferred with your bare hands.
And Scoopulas
Strikers
Strikers are used to light Bunsen burners.
The flints on strikers are expensive. Do not operate the striker repeatedly just to see the sparks!
Evaporating Dish
• The evaporating dish is used for the heating of stable solid compounds and elements.
• Evaporating off liquids in solution to leave solute behind.
Crucible• Crucibles are used for
heating certain solids, particularly metals, to very high temperatures.
• Using the crucible lid helps make the temperature inside crucible even higher.
Clay Triangle
The clay triangle is used as a support for porcelein crucibles when being heated over a Bunsen burner.
Crucible Tongs
For handling hot crucibles; also used to pick up other hot objects. NOT to be used for picking up beakers!
Ring stands and their Components
Ring stands are a safe and convenient way to perform reactions that require heating using a Bunsen burner.
Ring stands and their ComponentsIron Rings
Iron rings connect to a ring stand and provide a stable, elevated platform for the reaction.
Ring stands and their Components
Utility ClampsUtility clamps are used to secure test tubes, distillation columns, and burets to the ring stand.
and 3 Prong test tube Clamps
Ring stands and their Components
Double Burette ClampsDouble Burette (also buret) clamps are used to burettes – long graduated tubes used in titration.
Ring stands and their ComponentsWire Gauze
• Glassware should not be heated with a direct flame.
• Wire gauze, when placed between glassware and a heat source, diffuses the heat somewhat and is therefore safer than a direct flame.
• Wire gauze works best when the glassware has a flat bottom (Ex. beakers, Erlenmeyer flasks)