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Unemployment remains high for those under 25 European Union 0 5 10 15 20 25 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 Percent Youth unemployment Total unemployment Source: EuroStats. Note: EU 28 countries.

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Page 1: Unemployment remains high for those under 25assets1c.milkeninstitute.org/assets/Events/...Unemployment rates meet between the genders European Union 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 2004 2005 2006

Unemployment remains high for those under 25 European Union

0

5

10

15

20

25

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

Percent

Youth unemployment

Total unemployment

Source: EuroStats. Note: EU 28 countries.

Page 2: Unemployment remains high for those under 25assets1c.milkeninstitute.org/assets/Events/...Unemployment rates meet between the genders European Union 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 2004 2005 2006

Unemployment rates meet between the genders European Union

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

Source: EuroStats. Note: EU 28 countries.

Male unemployment

Female unemployment

Percent

Page 3: Unemployment remains high for those under 25assets1c.milkeninstitute.org/assets/Events/...Unemployment rates meet between the genders European Union 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 2004 2005 2006

Labor activity rates hover between 57 and 58 percent European Union

55

56

57

58

59

2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Source: EuroStats. Note: 15 Years and older, EU 28 countries.

Percent

Page 4: Unemployment remains high for those under 25assets1c.milkeninstitute.org/assets/Events/...Unemployment rates meet between the genders European Union 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 2004 2005 2006

Long-term unemployment rate climbing European Union

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Percent

Source: Eurostat. Note: EU 27 Countries, as percentage of total unemployment.

Page 5: Unemployment remains high for those under 25assets1c.milkeninstitute.org/assets/Events/...Unemployment rates meet between the genders European Union 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 2004 2005 2006

People under 25 suffer highest unemployment rate United States

0

5

10

15

20

25

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

Unemployment

Youth unemployment

U-6 unemployment

Percent

Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics.

Page 6: Unemployment remains high for those under 25assets1c.milkeninstitute.org/assets/Events/...Unemployment rates meet between the genders European Union 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 2004 2005 2006

Women have lower unemployment rate than men United States

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

Female unemployment

Male unemployment

Percent

Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics.

Page 7: Unemployment remains high for those under 25assets1c.milkeninstitute.org/assets/Events/...Unemployment rates meet between the genders European Union 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 2004 2005 2006

Labor force participation on continued decline United States

60

61

62

63

64

65

66

67

68

2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014

Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics. Note: 16 years and older.

Percent

Page 8: Unemployment remains high for those under 25assets1c.milkeninstitute.org/assets/Events/...Unemployment rates meet between the genders European Union 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 2004 2005 2006

Long-term unemployment slowly declining after 2010 United States

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

Percent

Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics. Note: As percentage of total unemployment.

Page 9: Unemployment remains high for those under 25assets1c.milkeninstitute.org/assets/Events/...Unemployment rates meet between the genders European Union 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 2004 2005 2006

Long-term labor market concerns Labor market weakness affects generations

Source: Bureau of Labor, Statistics, Standard & Poor’s .

Page 10: Unemployment remains high for those under 25assets1c.milkeninstitute.org/assets/Events/...Unemployment rates meet between the genders European Union 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 2004 2005 2006

Both more job vacancies and more unemployment after last

recession

Source: FRED data, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, Standard & Poor’s .

Page 11: Unemployment remains high for those under 25assets1c.milkeninstitute.org/assets/Events/...Unemployment rates meet between the genders European Union 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 2004 2005 2006

Aging populations strain public budgets As world populations ages, retirees comprise greater percentage of the workforce

Source: S&P Global Aging Report.

Page 12: Unemployment remains high for those under 25assets1c.milkeninstitute.org/assets/Events/...Unemployment rates meet between the genders European Union 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 2004 2005 2006

Breakdown of engineering and technology companies founded

by immigrants

Source: Kauffman Foundation, “Then and Now. America’s New Immigrant Entrepreneurs, Part VII”.

Page 13: Unemployment remains high for those under 25assets1c.milkeninstitute.org/assets/Events/...Unemployment rates meet between the genders European Union 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 2004 2005 2006

Declining number of visas for high skill workers

Source: Hamilton Project at Brookings.

Page 14: Unemployment remains high for those under 25assets1c.milkeninstitute.org/assets/Events/...Unemployment rates meet between the genders European Union 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 2004 2005 2006

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Page 15: Unemployment remains high for those under 25assets1c.milkeninstitute.org/assets/Events/...Unemployment rates meet between the genders European Union 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 2004 2005 2006

Manufacturing jobs lag

Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics.

Page 16: Unemployment remains high for those under 25assets1c.milkeninstitute.org/assets/Events/...Unemployment rates meet between the genders European Union 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 2004 2005 2006

U.S. manufacturing labor costs are high

Note: All numbers are as of 2012 except China (as of 2009) and India (as of 2010) Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics.

Page 17: Unemployment remains high for those under 25assets1c.milkeninstitute.org/assets/Events/...Unemployment rates meet between the genders European Union 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 2004 2005 2006

Change in wages by sector Jun-09 to Mar-14

Note: Change in real hourly wages for production and non-supervisory workers Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics.

Page 18: Unemployment remains high for those under 25assets1c.milkeninstitute.org/assets/Events/...Unemployment rates meet between the genders European Union 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 2004 2005 2006

Most new jobs pay low wages

Note: Occupations with the largest numeric growth, projected for 2012-22 Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics.

Page 19: Unemployment remains high for those under 25assets1c.milkeninstitute.org/assets/Events/...Unemployment rates meet between the genders European Union 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 2004 2005 2006

Fast growing, high paying jobs

Note: Occupations with the largest numeric growth, with median 2012 pay of $75k or more, projected for 2012-22 Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics.

Page 20: Unemployment remains high for those under 25assets1c.milkeninstitute.org/assets/Events/...Unemployment rates meet between the genders European Union 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 2004 2005 2006

Benefits of education Change in real weekly pay 1979-2012

Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics.