UMS Speaking Writing ReadingMacedonia 2010

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Jagged profiles

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Paper 1Paper 5

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Speaking : Areas of competence

Discourse management Communicative skills Pronunciation General ability Interactive skills Fluency Grammatical and Lexical Resource

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B1 scale limited but effective most everyday situations longer utterances but not

complex language problems searching for

language pauses and hesitation generally intelligible may require prompting and

assistance

- good control of simple forms and attempts some complex language

- exchange views on a range of

familiar topics

- contributions are relevant and there is very little repetition

- extended discourse despite hesitation

- is intelligible

- maintains and develops interaction

B2 scale

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Let’s watch 2 candidates

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FCE assessment criteria

Grammar and Vocabulary

Discourse management

Pronunciation

Interactive communication

Global achievement

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Format of FCE Speaking

3-way between candidates and interlocutor

Discussion4 ?2-way between candidates

Collaborative task

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Individual with brief response from second candidate

Individual long turns

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3-way between candidates and interlocutor

Social interaction

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LanguageKEY StrategiesInteraction patternFormatPart

?

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General Themes

Active Listening

Patterns of

Interaction

Skills and strategies

Spoken language

Turns

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Part 1

How should we encourage students to think about Part 1 ?

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Part 1 [interview] interaction

strategy one :

short answer - expansion

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Part 1 : Key strategy

Short Answer

Not really

Expansion

I never seem to get the time ..I’m very busy with school

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Explore/Practice

Shape of question (specifically what)

Appropriate short answer

Expansion ( how much information)

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Part 1: Topic Areas

family life

daily routines

free-time activities

your town / country

future plans

learning English

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Questions- short answer

holiday ?

Nowhere special No idea really

future ?

I do actually

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Sample TaskWork with another student. Practice interview

sequences with these short answers. Think of questions and how to expand on these answers.

Only at weekends. None at all Whenever I can I do actually.. A few times. It depends.

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Collaborative practice

you answer

you extend

you extend some more

What do like about living in Athens ?

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Strategy two : your partner’s answer

Think about and practice relating your answer to your partner’s answer……….

……..even if only through pronunciation.

For me it’s the same …. I’m a bit different to/ Like Sergio …. I don’t think it’s that/so good / bad ..

but not : A : I like to play basketball B : I like to play basketball [.. and tennis]

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Free time

What do you like do to in your free time ?

What do you usually do at weekends ?

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Part 2

How can we ensure that students have plenty to say in their long turn ?

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Part 2 : the bigger picture

situate

move back and forth

plus … specific task dimension

21 Begoña; Part 21

Why do people enjoy activities like these in their free time?

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Why do people choose to shop in places like these?

Sung Hye; Part 22

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Let’s watch 2 candidates

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Candidates need reliable language : for comparison and speculation

a reliable conjunction …. that fits the dimensions of the task

….whereas …..

most reliable compare / contrast language

same as , different from , similar to …

this … that both/each/neither ….

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Safe speculation language

It looks [a bit] like … I suppose it’s It could be …. It’s probably something/somewhere like …

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Part 3

How can we help students to interact appropriately ?

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Let’s watch 2 candidates in Part 3

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So a good Part 3 candidate will..

actively listen … support and comment …. seek and help to clarify initiate and respond … probe and question …. help navigate …..

…….. agreeing / disagreeing …. tend to seek closure

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Encourage simple ‘across turn’ strategies

Across turn

…And ….But ….That’s

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Part 4

What is the difference between Discourse Management and Interactive Communication ?

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Discourse Management

This scale refers to the coherence, extent and relevance of each candidate’s contribution.

The candidate’s ability to produce a coherent flow of language is assessed.

Also assessed here is how relevant the contributions are to what has gone before.

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Let’s watch 2 candidates in Part 4

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Interactive Communication

The ability to use language to achieve meaningful communication.

This includes: initiating and responding without undue

hesitation the ability to use interactive strategies to

maintain or repair communication sensitivity to the norms of turn-taking.

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Further Support

Handbook Top Tips for PET / FCE / CAE Preparation for Speaking packs [e-shop] Website: http://www.cambridgeESOL.org Seminars Teaching Resources website:

www.cambridgeesol.org/teach

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Further informationUniversity of Cambridge

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