uml for database design1 business analysis- naiburg and maksinchuk (uml for database design ) the...

UML for database design 1

Business analysis - Naiburg and Maksinchuk (UML for database design )

• The first phase systems analysis.

• Identify business actors and their roles prior to system use cases.

• Distinguish between– Business actors.– Actors.

• In ARGOUML these can be represented as stereotypes.


Business Use case elements

• Distinguish between – Business use cases.– System Use cases.

• Activity diagrams are used to indicate the activities carried out by actors involved in use cases.

• At least one activity diagram per use case.• Initial business models are built.• Database designers can see required elements

for databases.


Business Use case symbols


Build up a context of the system to be examined


Look in side the context for activities

• Initial analysis of EAB reveals 30 use cases so W.A.V.E. some away.

• Does the use case describe What to do and not how?

• Is the use case described from the Actors point of view.

• Does the use case include Value for the actor.• Is the flow of events an Entire business process.


Business Use case model expanded.


Activity Diagrams in EAB

• Used to explain the detailed interaction between the Actors and the use case.

• Describes one use case usually.

• Describes the sequence of activities contained within the use case.

• Graphical alternative to textual templates.


EAB Activity example


Identify Business Objects

• Differentiate between– Business actors.– Business workers.– Business entities.– These too can be defined

using classes with stereotypes in ARGOUML. After all actors are special instances of classes.

Inquirer Facility Manager Clinical Records

Business object model for Respond to Inquiry business use case


Representing Business Objects in ARGOUML and Rational Rose

• We use the class modelling element to represent the relationships between business objects.

• Create an ordinary class objects but set the stereotype to business entity or one of the others.

• To create the stereotype. Press the up arrow until you get to the model level in the hierarchy of model elements. You will recognise it by the menu bar.

• Then choose the add stereotype button.

ARGOUML has a business, worker, and entity stereotype already.


Representing Business Objects in ARGOUML and Rational Rose

• Once a stereotype is created then you can attach it to any class definition. Thus we can get the equivalent representation as shown. Note the attribute and operation compartments are hidden.

• The same effect can be achieved in rational rose.• The relationship between objects is important from the point

view of the database designer as it can indicate – Access to data object by certain entities (workers and actors)– Information which will need to be stored (business entities)


Sequence diagrams and business objects

• Sequence diagram show the detailed interaction between objects.

• Can be used to show the interaction between business objects.

• From these diagrams we can gather new information for the object model.


Example from EAB of business object model development

• From the following part of the Use Case model.


Activity diagram for manage clinical records


Sequence diagram for transfer records in


Divulging further information about business models

• From sequence diagrams and activity diagrams we can get an indication elements of a business object model and their nature and relationships.

• For example from the sequence diagram we can see that there are two types of clinical records. We also see who has access to the clinical records. This is important for the database designer.

• From this information and a few more sequence diagrams we get a business object model for this part of the system.


Business object model for manage clinical records ARGOUML Notation


A complete Business object model for manage clinical records - book notation


A complete business object model for manage clinical records ARGOUML

• Looking at further activities and sequence diagrams (see text book) we get a more complete picture.


Stipulating roles of actors• Again Use class generalisation (hierarchy) to represent roles of

various actors with stereotypes.

Only part Of Diagram show Here See text for CompleteDiagrams.


Stipulating roles of actors Book notation


Why Business Model?

• Business practices and actors roles change when a computer system is introduced.

• Interaction between different types of actors gives an initial object model, which can be used for both – database design – class diagrams.

• Preloads system use case diagrams.• A lot of the time there will be little difference between

business and system use case models, if the business practices are initially well structured (although the role of some individuals might still change.


Moving to the System Model• All business modelling elements must be included in the system model.• We look at all the models developed

– Business use case model.– Activity diagrams and use case templates if available.– Sequence diagrams.– Business object model

In the Business Model In the System Model

Business use Cases Become Subsystems

Business Actors Become Actors

Business workers Become Actors or Use Cases

Business workers’ activities

Become Use Cases


Moving to the System Model

• We look to automate the activities of some of the business workers.

• We can do this by looking at the activity diagrams involving the business actors and combining activities carried out into a use case.

• We also want to carry over the external business actors to the system use case

• We also look at the Actor generalisations.– We use the generalised name on the system use

case.– We look for overlap in the functions carried out by

actors to come up with common use cases.


System Use Case EAB

• By examining the various artefacts produced in the business analysis we come up with the following system diagram.


EAB system Use case Assess Clinical Records sub-use case

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