u200 revised 8.25.08finaljpwlogo - pbis · guidelines for use of rewards/acknowledgements ......
TRANSCRIPT
•CoordinatorsThere are 3 hours and 45 minutes of team time so stay on track and adjust your presentation time 2 hours (this includes report out time) accordingly.
Download Maryland’s cost analysis excel file to use during U200
Training Behavioral Expectations
Please, Sign attendance sheet Return from lunch/breaks on time Complete evaluation form upon close
BE RESPONSIBLE
Please, Make plans to stay until scheduled training
dismissal Continuously update School Based Unified
Action Plan (SBUAP) (Binder page 81)
BE PREPARED
Please, Turn cell phones to “off” or to “vibrate” Receive and make phone calls in areas outside
of training room Wait for communications with team members
until team and break times or write notes
BE RESPECTFUL
TRAINING SITEEXPECTATION
Team TimeThink about why you are here.
• What do you think are the most important variables influencing student achievement?
• Discuss the top three behaviors that disrupt instruction.
• List the problems that occur in your school. Where do they happen? When do they happen?
Day 21. Establish procedures for teaching expected behavior
Teaching ActivityKickoff Planning
2. Establish a continuum to encourage/celebrate expected behaviorsAcknowledgment Plan
3. Establish procedures for discouraging inappropriate behaviorProblem Solving & ODR
4. Effective practiceWorking Smarter Matrix
5. Team ProcessCreate system for effective meetings
6. Outcome dataCost Analysis
SYST
EMS
PRACTICES
DATASupportingStaff Behavior
SupportingDecisionMaking
SupportingStudent Behavior
PositiveBehaviorSupport OUTCOMES
Social Competence &Academic Achievement ٭
Adapted from “What is a systems Approach in school-wide PBS?”OSEP Technical Assistance onPositive Behavioral Interventions andSupports. Accessed at http://www.Pbis.org/schoolwide.htm
Tier 3/Tertiary Interventions 1-5%•Individual students•Assessment-based•High intensity
1-5% Tier 3/Tertiary Interventions•Individual students•Assessment-based•Intense, durable procedures
Tier 2/Secondary Interventions 5-15%•Some students (at-risk)•High efficiency•Rapid response•Small group interventions• Some individualizing
5-15% Tier 2/Secondary Interventions•Some students (at-risk)•High efficiency•Rapid response•Small group interventions•Some individualizing
Tier 1/Universal Interventions 80-90%•All students•Preventive, proactive
80-90% Tier 1/Universal Interventions•All settings, all students•Preventive, proactive
School-Wide Systems for Student Success:A Response to Intervention (RtI) Model
Academic Systems Behavioral Systems
Illinois PBIS Network, Revised May 15, 2008. Adapted from “What is school-wide PBS?”OSEP Technical Assistance Center on Positive Behavioral Interventions and Supports. Accessed at http://pbis.org/school-wide.htm
Tips for Teaching Behavior
Pre-correct with students before activityHave a plan for behavioral acting-outPractice should be conducted in actual
setting whenever possibleUse example and non-exampleUse high frequency acknowledgments
Kick-off• Staff Kick-off
– Conducted during staff institute days– Communicate implementation steps– Staff practice teaching lesson plans
• Student Kick-off– Conducted at the beginning of school– Rotations– Celebration
• Family Kick-off– Participation of family members– Conducted at the beginning of school – PBIS learning opportunities/courses offered on general PBIS materials– Example: what is PBIS, how to incorporate school-wide expectations
into the home, creating a matrix for home
Team TimePlan Kick-off (Student, Staff, and Family)
Create a communication system to share kick-off plan with your School/Family/Community (Update School Based Unified Action Plan (SBUAP))
Use your data and the calendar to determine boosters
• Content of teaching• Frequency of teaching and acknowledging
On-going Family Partnerships: Families and Volunteering
• Families able to volunteer in the school or at home
• Recruit and organize family help and support
• Create a volunteer handbook which describes PBIS
• As a PBIS incentive, identify families to read to the students
• Have families help children design PBIS posters
• Survey families for donations to the PBIS effort
Current Acknowledgement Practices
• Inappropriate Behavior- Sent to counselor- Principal’s office-After school with an adult -Stay in from recess-Call home-Parent meeting-Special incentives-1 positive to 20 negatives (Colvin, 2002)
• Appropriate Behavior– More challenging work– “Free time”– Ignored
Purposes of Acknowledgments
• Reinforce the teaching of new behaviors
• Encourage the behaviors we want to occur again in the future
• Harness the influence of the students who are showing expected behaviors to encourage the students who are not
• Strengthen positive behaviors that can compete with problem behavior
• Prompt for adults to recognize expected behavior
“Why should I reward students for something they should be doing
anyway?”
Work
Credit cards
Driving
How do you get reinforced for this?
What “should”you be doing?
How do rewards shape our behavior?
“What the World’s Greatest Managers Do Differently”-- Buckingham & Coffman 2002, Gallup
Interviews with 1 million workers, 80,000 managers, in 400 companies.
Create working environments where employees:1. Know what is expected2. Have the materials and equipment to do the job correctly3. Receive recognition each week for good work4. Have a supervisor who cares, and pays attention5. Receive encouragement to contribute and improve6. Can identify a person at work who is a “best friend”7. Feel the mission of the organization makes them feel like their jobs
are important8. See the people around them committed to doing a good job9. Feel like they are learning new things (getting better)10. Have the opportunity to do their job well
Guidelines for Use of Rewards/Acknowledgements
• School-wide reinforcements are for every student in the building, regardless of where they fall in the PBIS triangle
• Move from highly frequent to less frequentpredictable to unpredictable tangible to socialother-delivered to self-delivered
• Individualize for students needing greater support systems
Components of School-Wide Acknowledgment Plans
• High frequency/Predictable – Delivered at a high rate for a short period – E.g. Gotchas, Falcon Feathers, positive referrals, phone calls, High 5
Tickets, Caught Being Good, All Star Gotchas, Being Unusually Good, Gold Card and privileges
• Unexpected/Intermittent– Bring “surprise” attention to certain behaviors or at scheduled intervals– E.g. Unpredictable use of “Gotchas”, ticket lottery, special
announcements, Hi Five surprises, Hi Five button # calls, skill-of-the-day, raffles
• Long term Celebrations– E.g. Quarterly activities, assemblies, parent dinners, field trips
ALLSTUDENTS, ALL ADULTS
At least quarterlyBOTH TOGETHER:
Long-term School-wide Celebrations (school-wide not individually based)FOR: Ex: ODR reduction, school-wide target met for certain setting/behavior areaACTIVITY: (e.g., ice cream social, dance, game day)
ALL STUDENTS, ALL ADULTS
Maintaining a taught behavior (fading)
STUDENTS:
ADULTS:
Intermittent/Unpredictable (e.g., surprise homework completion treat, random use of gotchas in hallway)
ALL STUDENTS, ALL ADULTS
At least monthlySTUDENTS:
ADULTS:
Redemption of high frequency (e.g., school store, drawings)
ALL STUDENTS, ALL ADULTS
High frequency for a short time when first
teaching desired behavior or
re-teaching identified problem behavior
from data
STUDENTS:
ADULTS:
Immediate/High Frequency In the moment, predictable(e.g., Gotchas, Paws, High Fives)
WHOWHEREWHENWHATTYPE
PBIS School-wide Acknowledgement Matrix (Students and Adults!)
Team TimeDevelop student and staff school-wide
acknowledgment system (Binder page 83).
Create a communication system for sharing the acknowledgement system with your School/Family/Community (Update School Based Unified Action Plan (SBUAP)).
Decide which behaviors are managed in the classroom and which behaviors are sent to the office
Support teachers in designing classroom management systems
Develop continuum of procedures for responding to ODRs:Re-teaching of expected behaviorFollow up with increased acknowledgmentVerbal reprimandsCommunity serviceFollow up with increased acknowledgmentDetentions
Additional responses/options for students needing Tier 2 and/or Tier 3 interventions (The Triangle)
Establish Procedures for Discouraging Inappropriate Behavior
Positive Behavior Interventions & Supports:A Response to Intervention (RtI) Model
Tier 1/UniversalSchool-Wide Assessment
School-Wide Prevention Systems
Tier 2/Secondary
Tier 3/Tertiary
SIMEO Tools: HSC-T, RD-T, EI-T
Small Group Interventions(CICO, SSI, etc)
Inter
vent
ionAssessm
ent
Illinois PBIS Network, Revised May 15, 2008Adapted from T. Scott, 2004
Group Interventions withIndividualized Focus(CnC, etc)
Simple Individual Interventions(Simple FBA/BIP, Schedule/ Curriculum Changes, etc)
Multiple-Domain FBA/BIP
Wraparound
ODRs, Attendance, Tardies, Grades,
DIBELS, etc.
Daily Progress Report (DPR) (Behavior and Academic Goals)
Competing Behavior Pathway, Functional Assessment Interview,
Scatter Plots, etc.
School ExampleTeacher Managed Behavior
– Attendance/Tardy – Inform parents on effect on academic performance
– Profanity directed at student– Gum chewing– Homework– No supplies– Tattling– Non-compliance– Name calling– Lying– Minor stealing– Cheating– Dress Code Violations– Minor Harassment
Office Managed Behavior– Attendance/Tardy– Vandalism– Substances– Defiance– Weapons– Profanity directed at Adults– Major disruptions– Fighting– Verbal/Physical intimidation– Major stealing– Cutting school– Wanderers– Gang Related Activity– Chronic Dress Code Violation– Harassment
(including sexual)
Team Time1. Create office-managed versus classroom-managed
behavior problems/T-chart (Binder page 85)2. Review/revise office referral form (Binder page 87)3. Review problem behavior definitions (Binder page 91)4. Create a process/flowchart outlining the procedure for
dealing with problem behavior (Binder page 95)
Create a communication system for sharing your system for dealing with problem behaviors with your School/Family/Community (Update School Based Unified Action Plan (SBUAP))
Establish Procedures for Data Collection and Analysis
PBIS teams CONSISTENTLY use the following data/graphs to plan school-wide interventions:
The average number of referrals:• Per day per month• By type of behavior• By location• By time of day• By student
PBIS teams use the same data/graphs to assess the effectiveness of the intervention by using the data
to answer the following question:
Has the desired outcome been reached?
Desired outcome of intervention
achieved
Begin fading the intervention
(decrease the amount of effort and resources)
Maintain the intervention (current amount of effort and
resources
Maintain or fade intervention and plan for new intervention
Has the desired outcome been reached?Desired outcome of
intervention NOT achieved
Effectiveness of the intervention
Effectiveness of instruction
Staff buy-in?
Staff taught how to implement?
Effective teaching?
Sufficient practice opportunities?
Teaching and practice occurred in specific
setting?
Has the desired outcome been reached?Desired outcome of intervention NOT
achieved
Effectiveness of acknowledgement Root or function of the problem
Frequency?
Student input?
Acknowledgement tied to teaching?
Variety of reinforcements used?
Identifying the root or function of the problem. Examples…
“We have too many suspensions because students are skipping detention. So, we targeted getting students to serve their detention.”
But, looking at the data again, we find students are getting detentions because they’re tardy.
So, the root issue may really be – getting students to class on time, NOT getting students to serve their detention.
“PBIS Biggest Idea!”Instead of working harder (inefficient), schools have to
establish systems/processes and use data and practices that enable them to
work smarter (efficient, effective).PBIS Enables Schools To…
– Establish a small number of priorities • “do less, better”
– Consolidate/integrate whenever possible• “only do it once”
– Specify what is wanted & how you’ll know when you get there
• “invest in a clear outcome and assess progress”– Give priority to what works
• “research-based, evidence-based”
Goal #2Goal #3
Eric, Ellen, Marlee, Otis, Emma
All students
Office referrals,Attendance, Grades
Implement 3-tier model
PBIS Work Group
??DonAll students
Decrease drug use
DARE Committee
Goal #3Ellen, Eric, Marlee, Otis
All students
Improve discipline
Improve behavior
Discipline Committee
Has not met
Has not met
Marlee, J.S., Ellen
Eric, Ellen, Marlee
Staff Involved
All students
School spirit
School Spirit Committee
??All students
Improve safety
Safety Committee
??All students
Student behavior?
Improve character
Character Education
Goal #2All students
% of students attending
Increase attendance
Attendance Committee
SIPTarget Group
OutcomePurposeInitiative, Committee
Sample Working Smarter Matrix
Team Time
Complete the “Working Smarter” Matrix(Binder page 105)
Create a communication system for sharing your working smarter matrix with your School/Family/Community (Update School Based Unified Action Plan (SBUAP))
CompleteSelf
Assessment Survey
annually
Share data with your
School/Family/Community
monthly
Be cheerleaders for the PBIS
process in the building
Identify students in need of Tier 2 and Tier 3
supports
Inform School/Family/Community of PBIS activities
occurring in the building
Create, distribute,
and schedule
“cool tools”to staff
Meet twice a month
(during first year) with
set agenda
Functionsof PBIS
Universal Team
Team ProcessRoles of team members• Facilitator (create the agenda, lead the
meeting)• Data Manager (brings data to team meetings)• Time-keeper (keeps team on task)• Recorder (takes and distributes minutes;
archives material; updates profile)• Communicator (shares information on
activities and data to staff, families, and communities)
Family Partnerships: Families and Shared decision-making
Families and Shared decision-making:• Families are equal partners in school decisions
• Include families in school decisions, developing leaders and representatives
• Recruit multiple family members for PBIS teams (who are not employees or educators)
• Alternate meeting times: morning, afternoon and evening
• Pair new families with veteran families
• Offer ‘short term participation on the PBIS team, with option to renew
• Plan for care of children during meetings
• Involve families in identifying incentives and celebrations
Family Partnerships: Families and Communication
• Newsletters, open house, newspaper articles
• Design effective forms of school-to-home and home-to-school communications about school programs and student progress
• Share results of PBIS assessments and surveys with families
• Create and maintain a PBIS bulletin board
• Include PBIS motto on school letterhead and website
Team Time
• Review Year at a Glance Planning Tool(Binder page 107)
• Using the School Based Unified Action Plan (SBUAP) begin to plan the upcoming year on the Year at a Glance Planning Tool and begin communicating this process with your School/Family/Community
Benefits to Implementing PBIS with Integrity
• Safe, calm, and predictable environment• Consistency among ALL adults and in ALL
setting• Gain of instructional minutes• Fewer ODRs, suspensions and expulsions• Engaged families have a positive effect on
the school environment
Time Lost to Discipline(Barrett and Swindell-2002)
45 minutes6 hours5 minutesOut of School Suspension
20 minutes6 hours5 minutesIn-School Suspension
10 minutes20 minutes5 minutesReferrals
Teacher Student Administrator
Reduction in Problem Behavior
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
Total Off iceReferrals
SuspensionEvents
Number ofStudents
Days ofSuspension
Year One Year Tw o
Positive Effects of Family Partnerships
When families are involved…• students exhibit more positive attitudes and behavior,• students have more self-confidence, feel school is more
important, and tend to do better in school,• teachers report greater job satisfaction.
In addition to implementing PBIS, teachers experience improved classroom behavior as they increase knowledge of children’s family, culture and community contexts.
(National PTA, 2006)(Adapted from Christenson, 1996)
Team Time• Calculate your minutes lost to discipline
– Go to www.pbismaryland.org– Click on Cost/Benefit Worksheet– Open or Save Excel file– Use your SWIS data to calculate ODRs, ISS, and
OSS– ODRs (20 minutes student time, 10 minutes admin
time)– ISS (360 minutes student time, 20 minutes admin
time)– OSS (360 minutes student time, 45 minutes admin
time)
Team Time
•Phases of Implementation/POI Tier 1/Universal Phase (Binder page 109)•Specify next steps (Update School Based Unified Action Plan (SBUAP))•Schedule the team’s next meeting date and time to complete U100 and U200 tasks (Send to TAC)•Report to group
Next Steps
• Register for UTA300 training• Bring products created at U100 and U200
to the UTA300 training
Team Time
Time permitting-teams can work on any component they need to complete
(i.e. matrix, cool tools, jobs, acknowledgement system, meeting calendar, visuals, etc.)
Citations• Biglan, A. (1995). Translating what we know about the context of antisocial behavior in to a lower prevalence of such
behavior. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 28, 479-492. • Buckingham, M. & Coffman, C. (2002). First, break all the Rules: What the world’s greatest managers do differently. New
York: Simon and Schuster. • Colvin, G., Kameenui, E. J., & Sugai, G. (1993). School-wide and classroom management: Reconceptualizing the
integration and management of students with behavior problems in general education. Education and Treatment of Children, 16, 361-381.
• Darsch, Miao, & Shippen. (2004). A model for involving parents of children with learning and behavior problems in the schools. Preventing School Failure, 48(3), 24-35.
• Epstein, J. (2005). What research says about school-family-community partnerships. National Center for School Engagement.
• Gottfredson, D.C. (1997). School-based crime prevention. In L. Sherman, D. Gottfredson, Mackenzie, D. J. Eck, P. Reuter, & S. Bushway (Eds.), Preventing crime: What works, what doesn't, what's promising. College Park, MD: Department of Criminology and Criminal Justice.
• Henderson, A.T. and Berla, N (Ed) (2004). A new generation of evidence: The family is critical to student achievement. Washington D.C.: Center for Law and Education. Christenson and Sheridan. (2001).
• Illinois State Board of Education. (2008). Illinois learning standards: Social/emotional learning. Retrieved on July 17, 2008 from http://www.isbe.net/ils/social_emotional/standards.htm
• Lipsey, M. W. (1991). The effect of treatment on juvenile delinquents: Results from meta-analysis. In F. Losel, D. Bender, & T. Bliesener (Eds), Psychology and Law. New York: Walter de Gruyter.
• Lipsey, M. W. (1992). Juvenile delinquency treatment: A meta-analytic inquiry into the variability of effects. In T. D. Cook, H. Cooper, D. S. Cordray, H. Hartman, L. V. Hedges, R. V. Light, T. A. Louis, & F. Mostellar (Eds), Meta-analysis for explanation. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.
• Mayer, G. (1995). Preventing antisocial behavior in the schools. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 28, 467-478. • Sugai, G., & Horner, R. (1994). Including students with severe behavior problems in general education settings:
Assumptions, challenges, and solutions. In J. Marr, G. Sugai, & G. Tindal (Eds.). The Oregon conference monograph, 6, 102-20. Eugene, OR: University of Oregon.
• Sugai, G. (2007). Positive Behavior Interventions and Supports. Retrieved on March 13, 2007 from www.pbis.org• Tolan, P., & Guerra, N. (1994). What works in reducing adolescent violence: An empirical review of the field. Center for the
Study and Prevention of Violence. University of Colorado, Boulder.• Walker, H., Colvin, G., & Ramsey, E. (1995). Antisocial behavior in public school: Strategies and best practices. Pacific
Grove, CA: Brookes/Cole. • Walker, H. M., Horner, R. H., Sugai, G., Bullis, M., Sprague, J. R., Bricker, D., & Kaufman, M. J. (1996). Integrated
approaches to preventing antisocial behavior patterns among school-age children and youth. Journal of Emotional and Behavioral Disorders, 4, 194-209.