type and typography_ the designers type book - ben rosen

8/13/2019 Type and Typography_ the Designers Type Book - Ben Rosen

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PH Y

PublicDomain,Google-digitized

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athitrust.org/access_

use#pd-google


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blishingCorporation,NewYork

atesofA merica

alogCardNo63-19221


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practicalworkbookfor

cernedwithtype and

,completealphabetsof

nlyavailable,orbecoming

tates.

rwithotherrelevantmate-

onsizes,comparisonsof

otolettering,phototype

cande oticfacesareco-

e.

econstitutethede-

o f faces. A f inelyconceived,

face isshowninfull alpha-

dpunctuation.

eshownin sizeswhich

nto1 or16po intinfoundry

eachfontoffoundrytype,

points ofleadora hairline

fa2point body.

ationsallowed,theshow-

utsasrenderedby differ-


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8 or6po int, eachfamily face

tform. To il lustratevariouste t

solid andbothtwoandfour

ofindividualtypes,plus the

osefrommanysourcesis a

chtoassembleausefulcol-

fore cellence.Thetype

namannerbelievedtobe

.

veisprovidedbya brieflook

originsoftype,andits richly

hnicaldataconsideredofuse

eenincluded.

ectedtothe" S pecialists

dinventivepractitionersin

alfieldswhohavecon-

resttoeverydesigner.

onmanyyearsofe perience,

ttoachievea measureof

whilefunctioningefficiently

pressuresofthedynamic

cture.

cusonthe day-to-day

s,artdirectors,industrial

s,advertisingandpromo-

udentsandmanyothers

directedtoallthosewho,

marketplace,alsodobattle

essness.

wouldincludedistinguished

eandspecificallyliterary,

r frameofreference.

wledgeofthesubject,

nditto theiradvantageto

odicalsandpublications

dotherswhomaywishto

shouldconsult themany

pecialist sstamp.

he typeincludedhere

sentedin suchawaythat

invaluableworkbookin

ey,distancefromsources

e w a d d to t h e co mp l e i t y of p r o-

pendenceofthe authoron

andassistanceofso many

nature,thesettingand

criticalfunction.

eciation,thankthedirec-

mfortheinterest,e cel-

ritofinvolvementwithwhich

olumewasundertakenand

re ercisingthesame

eeksofpreparation,my

ytoe pressappreciation

icePresident, TypeDepart-

inenta l S idneyMinson, E x ec-

heC omposingR oom, Inc. S y

erandTypeDirector,York

andMiltonMandel,President,

ervice,Inc.forhearteningsup-

ce.

craftsmenwhoprepared

mplesoftheirworkforthis vol-

rhis perceptiveforeword,I

ebtedness.


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L B UR TI N

osingarrayoftypefacesin

f thewealthwhichthe

eurgesandtechnological

erthelast150 years.

eofhistory,likea colored

tdepictsthedevelopment

.E achtypefaceis alsoa

onw hocreatedit hissk ill

hyas anartist,hisfeeling

enthedetailsof eachletter

onsofan alphabetora

ssibleto giveinone

whathas happenedtotype

stime. Thebrush-strokee -

an,oraGaudi,thecreations

brillianceofpentypes by

arly jj jgrnhard- typefaces, a longwith

be assembledinaformthat

book.A ndtheymustbelogi-

tsof thetimeinwhichthey

pography, hasanimpor-

pplyingthe designerwith

hecanassemblewordsand

yof facesandsizes.Itis

booksofthis kindthatI

houldbee tensive,and

ighestcomplimentw hichitsauthorcan

rt.

onsiderbrieflythe rela-

designinan attemptto

owandinwhat direction

ofthetwenties,associ-

dBauhausperiod,brought

eriftypeswhich hadalast-

tionalistmovementsofthe


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effectontheuseof the

alizedsegmentsofgraphic

sis.S ignificantfactorsin

weretheenormousstrides

oftransportationand

inallybypainters,archi-

ographers.Theincreasing

pearanceoftype(as the

asastructuralmaterial

wasfacilitatedbyreproduc-

gerprintedfrom typebut

sitions.Today stypographic

king,basedonphoto-

tostatsandpaste-ups,while

oftype andspacingma-

nof typographywasout-

dingandvisualproblems

t)leveloftype material.

ninfluencedbyconstructiv-

sm,hasgainedafreedomin

,color,weightandspacing

ceivablebefore.W hether

ablessingornot isaques-

cimportance,especially

resentstateoftransition,

not yetbroughtliberation

organization.Contemptfor

ver,muchinevidence.De-

en thannotatdeveloping

nesstoappearoriginal,

dadvertisingtypography

ugly, amateurishandun-

nalyzeamessagecoher-

yishardwork.Thereis

veeffort.W hentheonly

mericantypographica le -

esappear tobemoreor

same1923original,one

thecreativeeffortisabsent.

ssionistictypecollagetakes

mposedforreading,and

aletterteasesthe eye

ora senseofordered

onwhetherthisisprogress.

mmercialaspectsofde-

tionwiththemoreformal

ell astoshallow,muddled

designcanbea strongcultural

esametime se llw ell, if thede-

edsforbothand isincom-

habetis togiveavisual

s,memoryandabstract

hichwehearissoonforgotten,

andreadis morepermanent

moryonmorethanonelevel

erandoveragain. Thise -

ficanceof typographyas

unication atoo lw hich

bystudyingit asweuseit.

ndof lifeitselfisone of

enthis processishindered,

cehelpsusto evaluateand

redictevolution.Inaddition

etasks,art andtypographic

sicimportanceas theycan

sierunderstandingofthis


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zations4

y12

P CTO TYP 13

e 16

TYP 19

S P CIA L I T ' PA G S 209

216

RY F A C S 2 27


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/ F a m il ie s

ic53

6

107

9

lic90

0

ic100

d109

127

1

116

13

sed127

40

56

ondensed15

ed179

d 1 2

C ondensed1 0

d E x t e nd e d 1 3

g h t E x t e nd e d 1 1

ensed177

t e nd e d 1 1

69

ensed179

73


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C S

B old. 205

/ D is p la y

254

sed25

sed

ended259

ra

260

c256

d.257

6

272

276

Open277

nded279

d 2 2

2 9

9

6

nded291

ndedIta lic292

raC ond. 29

02

0

0

10

d310

vy310


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14/402

e hort,topersuade,tosell

edsformost contemporary

ggested,humanhistory

onandcatastrophe,the

nmaywellbedecisiveinthe

dnewdevelopments,not

s,but alsointheareasof

ociologyandcommerce.

tlyonhowtounderstand

changew ithhisfellowsthe

.H edoesthisnot onlythat

s survivalmayhavemean-

anceinliteracyandcul-

gnationsand eachleapfor-

onby theindustrialized

multaneousneedstopro-

mmunicationwithinandbe-

orldi scarriedbygraphic

skill andinventiveness,and

kofsurpassingbeautyand

orientedoutputattainsa

pandsinresponsetotheun-

mericaneconomy,and

peanmarkets.Thedesigner s

yhis responsetothepres-

vespaceadvertising,con-

e pandingcommunications

ng,promotion,directmail

typeforms,instruction

ityandfundraisingand

ofinternationalscope.

economicstructureisso

dynamicthatthecreative

cfieldfacesa kaleidoscope


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hazardsalsopresentthem-

phicsellingcansometimes

ninglessnessintodullna-

designershould befa-

moveabletype,whichhadits

rstgrowthonthewaveof

uropeinthefifteenth

andsandassimilatesthe

n bestintegratethatknowl-

s.

ansof speedingbook

adesnewspapers,maga-

s,industrialdesign,many

theraspectsofour daily

linessandpoordesign

ur dailyliveshereand

orarygraphicmethodswhich

iguing,andfunctionalwith-

rtinginfluenceonmoreand

turnofeventsis causedby

velypublicresponseto well

vedadvertising,bettersales

general.Inmy view,aslow

ofmasstasteis evident.

ueinthe traditionof

forthesakeofthe doing.

veranceanddedication,

ouslyacceptedacademic

onsoftypeandgraphic

cadeshave establisheda

gnactivities.

utingmuchtothe matur-

heirunderstandingandknowl-

vitalpartofthat contribution.

cetheonrushingsitua-

neweconomicproblems,

as,newrevolutionsin

fore ample , how ade-

avereactedwhencon-

ndcommercialrealityof

ergy,satellitecommuni-

aceships todistantplanets.

ofeventhe historicallyre-

neanationalsub-culture

agegroupwhichwouldcallfor

ndculturalclimate of

rof todaybestprepare

onbehalfofmajorA meri-

onsadecadehence

thatmuchw illbedifferent,

snowacceptedwillchange.

tion wecannotsum-

iewedagainstthepromiseof

estudiedwithprofitbythe

hinsightsf romthepastletus

dbyA lcuinofYork,abbot

stery , who, atthecommandof

dthecopyingofallavailable

iformandlegible style.

rarydesigner sinterest

here willbeheightened

ecenturiesofhumanprog-


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17/402

ayhowardent,how

hofearliertimeswastothe

thenreadingaloudthe

s.

tlookofthe Medievaland

s,wecanunderstandthe

dsuspensewithwhichthefirst

veabletypemusthaveap-

.

atorsofprinting were

possessingmostofwhat

sstoreofknowledge,we

wthemselvestobe bene-

meansat lastforshedding

world.Thepotentialoftheir

calledforthonlytheir best

ortsstillshine withbeauty

ndredyears.

ichour typesarecon-

pein aclearlyrecogniz-

fthe developedGreek

wn,runfrom lefttoright.

htlines,curvesand angles,

slinesanticipatedcontem-

niquesbymanycenturies.

gnificantinfluence.

tofthe sameclassicaltra-

wasinscribedwithperhaps

nlyamongthemostbeauti-

rconceived.A classical

rtionandbeautye pressed

dthis inspiringmodelof

swasbutone ofmanyfine

edpractitionersofthe

esenoblecapitalormajuscule

ellsuitedto representthe

e.

g begantobranchoutinto

coursewasoneoftesting,

althof variationsonbasic

dofthesecondcentury the

neinscribedletters made

t fivedifferentforms:(1)

ers (2)Rustics,acondensed

adrata (3)Uncia ls, w hich

selyreflecteda penstroke

dersanddescenders (4)

aggerated, loosersty leoutof

case lettersseemstohave

arlierandL aterR omanC ur-

parativelyfastandflow-

character toourown

letterform.Thelatter style

ytothe creationofthe

dconsequentlytotype style.

inthcenturies,two other

hatweresignificant.F irst

a onHalfUncia lsw hichap-

arlyin theeighthcentury

h-A nglo - a onR oundH and.

k ofKe llsandtheL indisfarne

Celticilluminatedmanu-

els,integrationofornamented

wascarried tounsurpassed

oryof Westerngraphic art.

ersmay stillfindsources

works.

arolingianMinuscule,a


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swerebelievedtobe the

ndwereidentifiedas

te-letterinwritingstudies.They

styleforsecular transcrip-

wasinvented.

centuriesproduceda

witha heaviervertical

cess,becamethemodified

barbarousorGothicblack-

efifteenthcentury,most

ndthelettersbecamehighly

kandsomewhathardtoread.

tura,waswidelyemployed

hreligiouswritings.

ngfrommovabletypes

ality,thethreadsof many

convergingintotwosingle

odelsforthe formofprint-

o thicblack lettersandtheLittera

&

ptufdm

.

o

uscript. S t. Ga ll, Sw itzerland


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20/402

ate Inrro ir^

m

a tr f

u* if o

quitro if ti

nolrcre

arcUnt

af t ab

oa

uiacinrognoutt

fnit-

al,believed

beenprinted

celebratedbible.


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a .

ada laLuce. E t

010la lucecf lcrtu

il le renebre: etap

nebrenode. E td

noo i. t iamoif

mento inmtzo

eacqueDale mf

amento . E to iuife

titmametooa

rmamento.E t

irm.imemo

tMarina ilf econoo

acquecbefo

egateiunolu

terra:et fadoeco

ra:etle cogrc

mare.E tuioc

ermine laterra

emeretil legno

feconoolafua

aoelqualeCain

tcofifado e.

berbauircnteetfa

a generarione

doetbauenoo

noolafuafpe

ono: etfadoeSe

tiamoif leoio .

ellitmamento

ctlanodc f ia

anni.Percbe

toodcielo:et

f if actoe. E tf ree

lluminarema

luminaremi

node. E tetiamfe

equellenelf irma

effonofoprala

1etalanode :

tle tenebre . Etui

efen etmatr

o ioprooucino

auiuenreet

e . V enice, 1471.


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23/402

ecognizingqualitiesin

lyconsidered" out, can

snot onlytoadvertising

spectrumofgraphics.

y

nthepost-warGermany

thefirstcohesiveefforts

smanshipwhichuniquely

gicaladvancesthatwere

merica.Duringthepreceding

byvisiblechangesthey

nstateancientconcepts

uhaus,plusa handfulof

peandA merica,soughtnew

dinitstechnologicalmani-

uesthatw ereaparto fanew age.

nthe Bauhaus its

shavebeenwelldefined,

ortantandinfluentialinthe

aphy.

y sposit ionissti l lhelpful:

earcommunicationinrtsmost

heessenceofmodern

pursuedbytheBauhaus

mptedtoincorporateinto

andradica linourcentury s

ndpsychology.Itisinterest-

, thatA lbertE insteinofB erlin

rs ofagroupcalled

aus, w hichprov idedmuchf inan-

theinstitution.

mathematicsandpsy-

w visionsoftime,space,

hebackdroptoe periments

nships.Thesenewcurrents

rkincolor,te tureandother

aveofmaterialsandtech-

nconsciousnessthrough

reativeactivity.

eB auhausf ledH itler s

mericatoteach,andtoprac-

yhavebecomean integral

roductivegraphicartswhich

yinfluenced theirnames

bolsofthe bridgestheytried

and theindustrialsystem,

edarts,betweenmodern

mericanandabroadhave

talandprogressiveconcepts

etrying tocoupletheir

ct withhighlydisciplined

weaveastudyofhumanities

esign.

edin theseschools

effort beingmadetopro-

hicdesignequaltoour prime

ds.


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P CTO TYP

.

d.

moveabletypewascarried

epared,bymeansof which

uldbe castwithadegree

tingpossible.A lltheother

d paper, ink , theconcept

nprintingpressesofa

typesmusthavebeen

wnalphabet aguidetothe

mecasesthe designer,in

netoe ecuteadesign. F o l-

acounterpunchwas made

ndofanannealedsteel

rcedthe metalawayfrom

asof suchlettersasa, e,

was formedbycutting

eaoutsideeach letter.By

intosoftmaterialas the

eeofcontrolwas e er-

each letterwhileitwas

completedthepunch.It

impressionstruckintoa

ruck,the barcontained

properlyfitted,causedthe

hedtype tofallintoproper

tri andmoldwerealigned

dytobe poured.

nciple bywhichpunch-

thoughnodoubt,eachhad

ovedetailsofhistask.

ethodsofabrasionandlarge

carewentinto varyingthis

hallengearose.

d,aprocess requiring

trimmedtoastandard

erancesweregreatbycur-

hetypewasreadyfor use

edures.

raphin recentyearshas

cutter scraft.Thepanto-

ecutting practiceandin-

whicha typemaybecut.

mentintermsof increased

easeinvariationofletters

onof lettersize aprin-


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26/402


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P A R T O T YP

intS ystem


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lcopyintotypethatwill

ired,one shoulddevise

cation.Clearpreparation

nsall theinformationa

wisreallyall thatisre-

o proceed.

ssible,appro imatethe

ke.Commonsensecalls

orindentedparagraphs,

,correct detailsofspell-

ypedasyouwishthe final

rclarity.

stimateyoumayassume

copywill,whensingle

oaverage14 pt.type.If

eration,assumeabout3A

0pt.type,1/2the area.

tosinglespacedtyping

wancemustbemadeforva-

maybeforroughtime-

itisbyno meansaccurate.

siderthat themostuse-

re:(A )theindividualline

r ofcharactersperline.

nalcopy,takingtwoor three

veragenumberofchar-

er,eachpunctuationmark,

scountsasone.

ythetotal numberoflinesper

will giveyouthenumber

aracters perunitbythe

s)of theoriginalcopyand

of charactersinyour

typetobeused.Once

re(width)ofline tobeused,

aractersperline . If te t

tablelistingthenumber

ebottomofeachpageof

knowthenumberof char-

numberintothetotalnum-

ginalcopyandyouhave

eyourcopywillset to.

ona12po intbody , 10po int

tc. B ya llow ing12points

youcanreadilydetermine

numberoflineswilloccupy.

esaswell.

tfacesareshown3 ways.

d12/12,meaningnoleading

Underthisit isdesignated12/14

thatare 2and4point

countingcharacterscan

racybyreferring tothe

playtypeis leaded2points.

,theyarealwaysmounted

tbody.Thiswillbehelpful

ofthe faceonthebody.

rw isenoted.

OP Y

yrequirethe specifications

y,butfully,forbest re-

thefamilyorstyle : Garamond, C as-PublicDomain,Google-digitized

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MA R S

rks

coryparagraph/ ^ ~ andinthe

low -^ w ehavepurpose ly-

rorsin ordertoshowthemost

smarksandhowtheyare

refollowedbythecor-

nstratingpreciselythemeaning

gestheyindicate.iThe* ft

appearedasthefrontis-

/ o f^ Typographia^by J . J ohnson, ^

shedinE nglandin1 24.

hnsonembracesthisopportunityof f il l ing

nouncingto theA d-

rt,andtheProfession

wasubjectinhand,

fwillnotonly eclipse-sli

utl ike ~ w iseanypiece

befojethe Publicasa

_/lwillconsistofanarch,

bytenpillars,in.centre

memoryofWill iam

atherofprintinginthiscountry,

fthe principalearly

rt thew holew ill

esandf lowers^ thesize

rter,bythirteeninches,


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O TYP

ninacontinuous

manandItalic,

sandsizemodifications

undryshowings

dto8 pointsorless

natedasfamilies.


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E , A T

NO ab cd e

E 3 53 . MO NO TY P

NO ab cd e

eon24 pointtype.

numental

als


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I L E F A MI Y

R V I L E , A T


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I L E F A MI Y

R V I L E , A T

M

I L E . A T


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35/402

I L E F A MI Y

M NO PQ R T UV W X Y Z & a bc de fg hi jk lm

l234567 90 . , s-: ! ? , , u

K E R V I L E , A T

M NO PQ R T UV W X Y Z & a bc de fg hv jk lm no

45 6 7 9 0 . ( - : W

K E R V I L E I TA L I C, A T

L M N OP Q R T U V W X Y Z & a b cd e fg h ij k lm n op q rs t uv w

9 0 . , ' - : ! ? " "

K E R V I L E , A T

L M N OP Q R T U V W X Y Z & a b cd e fg h ij k lm n op q rs t uv w y

, - : ! ? " "

K E R V I L E I TA L I C, A T


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I L E F A MI Y

echanicA rtsthat

on,thereis no

ith somuch

sthatofL etter-

enanearlyadmirer

,Ibecameinsen-

ngtothe per-

myselfIdeas

adyet appeared,

produceaS ett

I conceivedto

echanicA rtsthathave

,thereisno onewhichI

uch steadinessand

ter- ounding. H av ing

e beautyofL etters,

usofcontributing

formedtomyself

hanhad yetap-

ouredtoproducea

o whatIconceivedto

owhomtheRepub-

tobligations hisinge-

formyemulation,

echanicA rtsthat

on,thereis no

ith somuch

sthatofL etter-

enanearlyadmirer

,Ibecameinsen-

ngtothe per-

myselfIdeas

I conceivedto


,thereisnoone whichI

hsteadinessand

ter- ounding. Hav ing

e beautyofL etters,

usofcontributing

formedtomyself

hanhad yetap-

ouredtoproducea


formyemulation,

echanicA rtsthat

attention, there isno

ith somuch

sthatofL etter-

enanearlyadmirer

,Ibecameinsen-

ngtothe per-

I conceivedto


thereisno onewhichI

hsteadinessand


e beautyofL etters,

usofcontributing

formedtomyself

hanhad yetap-


formyemulation,

M NO PQ R T UV

M NO PQ R T UV

? " "


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37/402

I L E F A MI Y

echanicA rtsthathaveen-

isnoone whichIhave

dinessandpleasure,as

g. Hav ingbeenanearly

etters,Ibecameinsen-

ngtothe perfection

lfIdeasofgreater

eared,andhaveendeav-

ofTypesaccordingtowhat

eproportion.

owhomtheRepublic

bligations hisingenuity

yemulation,thanany

varietyofCharacters

theR omanandItalic

echanicA rtsthathaveengaged

here isnoonew hichIhavepursued

adinessandpleasure , asthato fL et-

gbeenanearlyadmirerof the

cameinsensiblydesirousofcon-

onofthem.Iformedtomy

uracythanhadyetappeared ,

uredtoproduceaS etto f lypesac-

eivedtobetheirtrue proportion.

rt ist, tow homtheR epublico f

bligations hisingenuityhasle f t

mulation,thananyothermaster.

fC haractersIintendnotto fo l-

manandIta licarea llIhavehitherto

reowingtothatvarietywhich

anto anyothercause.Ihonor


isnoone whichIhave




ngtothe perfection

lfIdeasofgreater



eproportion.

owhomtheRepublic

varietyofCharacters

theR omanandItalic

chanicA rtsthathaveengaged

no onewhichIhavepursued

ndpleasure,as thatofL et-

beenanearlyadmirero f the

meinsensiblydesirousofcon-

f them.Iformedtomy

cythan hadyetappeared,

produceaS ettofTypesac-

edtobetheirtrue proportion.

owhomtheRepublicof

gations hisingenuityhasle f t

ation,thananyothermaster.

wingto thatvarietywhich

toanyother cause.Ihonor


eis noonewhichI have




ngtothe perfection

lfIdeasofgreater



varietyofCharacters


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I L E F A MI Y

chanicA rtsthathaveengagedmy

hich Ihavepursuedwithso

sure, asthato fLetter- ounding.

dmirero f thebeautyofLetters, I

usofcontributingtotheperfec-

myselfIdeasofgreateraccuracy

dhaveendeavouredtoproduce

gtowhat Iconceivedtobetheir

ow homtheR epublico fLearn-

hisingenuityhaslefta fairer

nanyothermaster.In hisgreat

ndnot tofollowhim theRo-

ehithertoattempted ifinthese

vement,itisprobablymore

dividedhis attention,thanto

merit,andonlywishtoderive

ation,fromanA rtwhichproves

chanicA rtsthathaveengagedmyatten-

Ihavepursuedwith somuchsteadi-

aofL etter- ounding. Hav ingl>eenan

yof L etters,Ibecameinsensiblyde-

perfectionof(hem.Iformedtomy

cythan hadyetappeared,andhave

ettofTypesaccordingto whatIcon-

oportion.

ow homtheR epublico fLearning

isingenuityhaslefta fairercopyformy

master.Inhisgreat varietyofChar-

whim theRomanandItalicareall

ifinthesehe hasleftroomforim-

moreowingtothat varietywhich

toanyother cause.Ihonorhis merit,

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ettertoMr. F rancis

atedSept. 12, 1 13:

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fmine,whohas

blicofletters,and

ving.Doplease

himduringthe

ettertoMr. F rancisR osa-

pt. 12, 1 13:

urtesytheRectorof

m inParma Iamhappy

tendthesamecourtesies

ute.Besidebeingmy

cclesiastic,heis the

fmine,whohasagreat

ters,andamongthe

easebe liberalofyour

riefstaywhichheis

ourCity,whichis

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datedSept. 12, 1 13:

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B odonidatedS ept. 12, 1 13:

urtesytheRectorof this

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esamecourtesiestotheC en-

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eisthe brotherofagreat

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ngthemost culturedin

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tionhisname.H eisMr

ni, veryw ellk now ninPied-

nguishedpositionamong

aandTanaro.H ewill

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Sept. 12, 1 13:

urtesytheRectorof thisour

ma Iamhappy tothink thatyou

ourtesiestotheC ensorofsa idin-

end,anda veryworthyecclesi-

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blicofletters,andamongthe

easebe liberalofyourfavors

ywhichheis planningtomake

ountedamongthemostcul-

ow thatIhavesungthepraisesof

mentionhisname.H eisMr

i,verywellknowninPiedmont,

hedpositionamongthe liter-

naro.H ewillgiveyoude-

myjoyfulwife,andofour

t,as youhavealreadyreceived

ction,soyouwillhavethere-


onidatedS ept. 12, 1 13:


Parma 1amhappy tothink

esamecourtesiestotheC en-

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eisthe brotherofagreat

greatnameintherepublic

acredorators living.Do

avorstohimduringthe

ningtomakeinthisyour

ngthemost culturedin

nguishedpositionamong

aandTanaro.H ewill

a lettertoMr. F rancisR osaspina , in

tedSept. 12, 1 13:



ourtesiestotheC ensorofsa idin-

end,anda veryworthyecclesi-

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blicofletters,andamongthe

easebe liberalofyourfavors

ywhichheis planningtomake

ountedamongthemostcul-

ow thatIhavesungthepraisesof

mentionhisname.H eisMr

t,as youhavealreadyreceived

ction,soyouwillhavethere-


onidatedS ept12, 1 13:


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ettertoMr. F ran-

na,byBodoni

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asa greatname

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:

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I Y


nidatedS ept.12,

urtesytheRectorof

m inParma Iamhappy


ute.Besidel> eingmy


fmine,whohasagreat

ters,andamongthe

easebe liberalofyour

riefstaywhichheis

ourCity,whichis

culturedinE urope. A nd

raisesofmyrecom-

name. H eisMr. A bbe

ellknowninPiedmont,

ettertoMr. F rancisR osaspina , in

atedS ept. 12, 1 13:

ourtesythe Rectorofthisour


rtesiestothe Censorofsaidinsli-

nd,anda veryworthyecclesias-

eat friendofmine,whohasa

ofletters,andamongthesacred

liberal ofyourfavorstohim

heisplanningtomakein this

amongthe mostculturedin

a1havesungthepra isesofmyR ec-

hisname. He isMr. A bbeGugl-

owninPiedmont,andwhoholds

mongtheliterarymenof Bor-

giveyoudetailednewsof me,

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eceivedthemost partofmyCol-

remainder.1shallbemost

gettingon,andwillrejoiceto

,alongwith floridhealth,a

lettertoMr. F rancisR osa-

onidatedS ept.12,

urtesytheRectorof

m inParma Iamhappy


ute.Besidebeingmy


fmine,whohasagreat

ters,andamongthe

easehe liberalofyour

riefstaywhichheis

name. H eisMr. A bbe

ellknowninPiedmont,


Sept. 12, 1 13:



rtesiestothe Censorofsaidinsti-

nd,anda veryworthyecclesias-

eat friendofmine,whohasa

ofletters,andamongthesacred

liberal ofyourfavorstohim

heisplanningtomakein this

amongthe mostculturedin

a1havesungthepra isesofmyR ec-

hisname. He isMr. A bbeGugl-

nowninPiedmont,andwhoholds

mongtheliterarymenof Bor-

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I Y

ettertoMr. F rancis

BodonidatedS ept.

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yceuminParma I

uw ille tendthe

sorofsaid institute.

davery worthy

er ofagreatfriend

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acredorators liv-

fyourfavorstohim



urtesytheRectorof

m inParma Iamhappy


ute.Besidebeingmy


fmine,whohasagreat

ters,andamongthesa-

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riefstaywhichheis

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raisesofmyRecom-

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urtesytheRec-

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uw ille tendthe


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byBodonidatedSept. 12, 1 13:

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ute.Besidebeingmy


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ters,andamongthesa-


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I Y

ettertoMr. F rancisR osaspina ,

edSept. 12, 1 13:


ma Iamhappy tothink that

ecourtesiestothe Censorofsaid

friend,andavery worthy

er ofagreatfriendof mine,

herepublicofletters,and

ving.Doplease beliberalof

e briefstaywhichheis

ourCity,whichiscounted

nE urope. A ndnow thatIhave

commended,Iwillmentionhis

Guglie lmoL eoni, veryw ellk now n

sadistinguishedposition

BormidaandTanaro.H ewill

me,and ofmyjoyfulwife,and


Sept. 12, 1 13:




d,anda veryworthyecclesiastic,

friendof mine,whohasagreat

ters,andamongthesacredorators

of yourfavorstohimduringthe

ningtomakeinthisyour City,

themostculturedinEurope. A nd

raisesofmyRecommended,I

e isMr. A bbeC ugliehnoL eoni.

nt,andwhoholdsa distinguished

ymenofBormidaandTanaro.

news ofme,andofmyjoyful wife,

willaddthat,as youhavealready

y Collection,$ oyouwillhave

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edSept. 12, 1 13:


ma Iamhappy tothink that

ecourtesiestothe Censorofsaid

friend,andavery worthy

er ofagreatfriendof mine,

herepublicofletters,and

ving.Doplease beliberalof

e briefstaywhichheis

ourCity,whichiscounted

nE urope. A ndnow thatIhave

BormidaandTanaro.H ewill

me,and ofmyjoyfulwife,and


Sept. 12, 1 13:




d,anda veryworthyecclesiastic,

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ters,andamongthesacredorators

of yourfavorstohimduringthe

ningtomakeinthisyour City,

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e isMr. A bbeGuglie lmoL eoni,

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I Y


Sept. 12, 1 13:

urtesytheRectorof thisourIm-

a Iamhappy tothink thatyouw ille tend

Censorofsaidinstitute.Besidebeing

hyecclesiastic,he isthebrotherof a

asa greatnameintherepublic of

redoratorsliving.Do pleasebeliberal

ngthebriefstaywhichhe isplanning

whichiscountedamongthemost cul-

ow thatIhavesungthepraisesofmy

tionhisname.H eisMr. A bbeGugliel-

wninPiedmont,andwhoholdsa dis-

gtheliterarymenofBormidaandTanaro.

news ofme,andofmyjoyful wife,and

ddthat,as youhavealreadyreceived

ction,soyouwillhavetheremainder.

arhowyouare gettingon,andwill

reenjoying,alongwithfloridhealth.

hesoul.Do notbesurprisedinfinding

writtentheselines ofrecommendation,

ettertoMr.F rancisRosaspina,inBologna,byBodoni

:

urtesytheRectorof thisourImperialL yceumin

y tothink thatyouw ille tendthesamecourtesiestothe

sidebeingmyfriend,and averyworthyecclesiastic,

friendof mine,whobaaagreatnamein therepublic

hesacredorator l iv ing. Dopleanebelibera lo fyourfavor

ywhichhein planningtomakeinthis yourCity,which

stculturedinvE urope. A ndnow thatIhavesungthr

ded, 1w illmentionhisname. He i Mr. A bbeGugliclmo

nPiedmont,andwhohold adistinguishedposition

BormidaandTanaro.H ewillgiveyoudetailednews

fe,andofourfriends andwilladdthat,as youhave

partofmy Collection,soyouwillhavetheremainder.I

arhowyonaregettingon,and willrejoicetolearn that

thfloridhealth,a perfectcontentmentofthe oul.Do

thatafriend shandhaswrittenthesel inesofrecom-

mepantI havehadrecoursetothishelp, forthereason

ordo Icaretoencroachuponthetimew hichIneedto

graphicalenterpriseswhich1conceived,andindeedarc

eepyourfriendshipforme.

erwillconfirmthatf, beingverybusywithmyTypo-

solutelynotimetowriteat length,allthemoresoon

alth,whichpreventsmeto bendovermydeskforany

nlyemptymyself thu forthestrict ly indispensable.

urtesytheRectorof thisourImperialL yceumon

tothink thaiyouw ille tendthrsomecvurtesieito the

sidebringmyfriend, andaveryworthyecclesiastic.


Sept. 12, 1 13:

urtesytheRectorof thisourIm-

a Iamhappy tothink thatyouw ille tend

Censorof saidinstitute.Besidebeing

hyecclesiastic,he isthebrotherof a

asa greatnameintherepublic of

redoratorsliving.Do pleasebeliberal

ngthebriefstaywhichhe isplanning

whichiscountedamongthemost cul-

ow thatIhavesungthepraisesofmy

tionhisname.H eisMr, A bbeGugliel-

wninPiedmont,andwhoholdsa dis-

gtheliterarymenofBormidaandTanaro.

news ofme,andofmyjoyful wife,and

hesoul.Do notbesurprisedinfinding

writtentheselines ofrecommendation,

ettertoMr.F rancisRoaaapina,inBologna,byBodoni

:

urtesytheRectorof thisourImperialL yceumin


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I Y

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I Y

ettertoMr.

Bologna,byBo-

p t . 12 , 1 1 3 :

urtesythe

lLyceumin

think thatyouw ill

esiestotheC ensor

ngmyfriend,

stic,heis the

fmine,who

publicoflet-

doratorsliv-

fyourfavors

ywhichheis

ourCity,

emost cul-

ow thatIhave

a lettertoMr. F rancis

byBodonidatedS ept.

urtesytheRector

euminParma: 1am

ille tendthesame

said insitute.Beside

worthyeeclcsiav-

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orsliving.Do please

himduringthebrief

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ngthemost cultured

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ettertoMr.

logna,byBo-

13:

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ettertoMr. F rancis

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urtesytheRector

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ille tendthesame

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orsliving.Do please

himduringthebrief

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ngthemost cultured

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A MI Y

nglishTypo-

ounderies.,

, 177 . The

heCoryphaeusof

ttrainedto

allya

takenfrom

mentof

hepropaga-

onS oc. for

wledgein

nglishTypographical

ries. , byEdw ardR owe

MR C A S L ON, the

unders,wasnot

wasoriginallya

takenfromthat

ntofverydiffer-

tionoftheChris-

onS oc. forpro-

edgeinconsequence

byMrS alomon

sin S yria,well

ages,whohad

nglishTypo-

ounderies.,

, 177 . The

heCoryphaeusof

ttrainedto

allya

takenfrom

mentof

onS oc. for

wledgein

nglishTypographical

underies. , byEdw ardR owe

MR C A S L ON, the

unders,wasnot

wasoriginallya

takenfromthat

ntofverydiffer-

tionoftheChris-

sin S yria,well

ages,whohad

nglishTypo-

ounderies.,

, 177 . The

heCoryphaeusof

ttrainedto

allya

takenfrom

onS oc. for

wledgein

nglishTypographical

underies. , byEdw ardR ow e

MR C A S L ON, the

unders,wasnot

wasoriginallya

takenfromthat

ntofverydiffer-

tionoftheChris-

sin S yria,well

ages,whohad

L M NO PQ R T U

L M NO PQ R T U


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A MI Y

nglishTypographical


MR C A S L ON, theC ory -

rs,wasnottrainedto

allya Gun-lock-

mthatinstrumentto

renttendency,the

nfaith.

onS oc. forpromot-

einconsequenceofa

rS alomonNegria

yria,wellskilledinthe

adbeenprofessorof

oragreatparto fhis

ttoprintfortheuseof

nglishTypographical


MR C A S L ON, theC oryphaeus

nottrainedtothisbusiness,

k-graver,andwastaken

nstrumentof verydif-

agationoftheChristian

onS oc. forpromoting

onsequenceofarepresen-

monNegrianativeof

skilledintheoriental lan-

fessorofA rab,inplaces

hislif e , deemedite pe-

the E asternchurches

heA rab,languageforthe

nsin Palestine,S yria,

nglishTypographical

nderies. , byEdw ardR ow e


rs,wasnottrainedto

allya Gun-lock-

mthatinstrumentto

renttendency,the

nfaith.

onS oc. forpromot-

einconsequenceofa

rS alomonNegria

oragreatparto fhis

ttoprintfortheuseof

nglishTypographical

deries. , byEdw ardR owe

MR C A S L ON, theC oryphaeus

nottrainedtothisbusiness,

k-graver,andwastaken

nstrumentof verydif-

agationoftheChristian

onS oc. forpromoting

onsequenceofarepresen-

monNegrianativeof

skilledintheoriental lan-

heA rab,languageforthe

nsin Palestine,S yria,

nglishTypographical

deries. , byEdw ardR owe


rs,wasnottrainedto

allya Gun-lock-

mthatinstrumentto

renttendency,the

nfaith.


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78/402

A MI Y

EnglishTypographica lF ounders

dw ardR ow eMores, 177 . The

heCoryphaeusofLetterfounders, w as

ss,hewasoriginallyaGun-lock-

mthatinstrumenttoan instru-

ency,thepropagationofthe

onS oc. forpromotingC hris-

quenceofarepresentationmade

nativeofDamascusinS y ria ,

anguages,whohadbeenpro-

sofnoteforagreatparto fhis

ttoprintfortheuseof theE ast-

andPsalt.intheA rab,language

ChristiansinPalestine,S yria,

dE gypt theconstitutionof

oprinting:and MrCaslon

fount.

nglishTypographicalF oundersand

ardR ow eMores, 177 . The lateMR

phaeusofLetterfounders, w asnottrained

riginallya(.inn-lockgraver,and

menttoan instrumentofverydif-

agationoftheChristianfaith.

onS oc. forpromotingC hristian

nceofarepresentationmadebyMr

fDamascusin S yria,wellskilledin

ohadbeenprofessorofA rab,in

parto fhislif e , deemedite pedient

asternchurchestheN.Test,and

ageforthebenefitofthe poorChris-

, Mesopotamia, A rabiaandE gypt

untriesallowsof noprinting:and

nto cutafount.

bicwhichw eseeinhisspecimens, this

beforethey.1726.in whichlatter

d" tw onew fountsofA rab, types, v iz.

trices andA notherofa lessersize

EnglishTypographica lF ounders

w ardR ow eMores, 177 . The

heCoryphaeusofLetterfounders, w as

ss,hewasoriginallyaGun-lock-

mthatinstrumenttoan instru-

ency,thepropagationofthe

onS oc. forpromotingC hris-

quenceofarepresentationmade

nativeofDamascusinS y ria ,

anguages,whohadbeenpro-

sofnoteforagreatparto fhis

ttoprintfortheuseof theE ast-

oprinting:and MrCaslon

fount.

nglishTypographicalF oundersand

w ardR ow eMores, 177 . The lateMR

CorypheeusofLetterfounders, w asnottrained

riginallyaGun-lock-graver,and

menttoan instrumentofverydif-

agationoftheChristianfaith.

onS oc. forpromotingC hristian

nceofarepresentationmadebyMr

fDamascusin S yria,wellskilledin

ohadbeenprofessorofA rab,in

parto fhislif e , deemedite pedient

asternchurchestheN.Test,and

ageforthebenefitofthe poorChris-

, Mesopotamia, A rabiaandE gypt

d" tw onew fountsofA rab, types, v iz.

trices andA notherofa lessersize


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A MI Y

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A MI Y

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87/402

A MI Y

B ask ervil leby

ated1760:

santInstance

entertained

naf terIre -

Gentleman

fBirming-

] aMeans

sintheNa-

fyourL etters,

hurt the

rreadaL ineof

B ask ervil lebyB enja -

ondon, 1760:

santInstanceof the

rtainedagainst

returned,discours-

erningtheA rtists

uwould-[be]a

eadersinthe

esofyourL etters, be-

urttheE ye,and

neof themw ithout

d1, " youw erego ing

fthePaper,some

sayshe, " Ihaveheard

B ask ervil leby

d1760:

santInstance

entertained

naf terIre -

Gentleman

fBirming-

] aMeans

hurt the

rreadaL ineof


ondon, 1760:

santInstanceof the

rtainedagainst

Ireturned, dis cours-

erningtheA rtists

uwould[be]a

eadersinthe

esofyourL etters, be-

fthePaper,some

sayshe, " Ihareheard

B ask ervil leby

d1760:

santInstance

entertained

naf terIre -

Gentleman

fBirming-

hurt the

rreadaL ineof


ndon, 1760:

santInstanceof the

rtainedagainst

returned,discours-

erningtheA rtists

uwould[be]a

eadersinthe

fthePaper,some

sayshe, " Ihaveheard

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A MI Y

sk ervil lebyB enjaminF rank lin

antInstanceofthePrejudice

ga instyourWork . Soonaf ter1

Gentlemanconcerningthe

esaidyouwould[be] aMeans

intheNation fortheStrok es

othinandnarrow, hurttheEye,

ineof themw ithoutPa in. " I

w erego ingtocompla inof the

bjectto . " No, no, sayshe,

ned, butit isnotthat it Isin

ettersthemselves theyhave

nessoftheS troke,whichmake

chthe morecomfortableto

GentlemanwasaC onno isseur. In

edtosupportyourcharacteraga instthe

B ask ervil lebyB enjaminF ranklindated

antInstanceofthePrejudicesome

yourW ork.S oonafterIreturned,

manconcerningtheA rtistsofBir-

ld[be]a Meansofblindingallthe

ortheStrok esofyourL etters, be ing

e E ye,andhecouldneverread a

in. " Ithought, sa idI, " youw erego-

ssof thePaper, someobjectto . " No,

heardthatmentioned, butit isnotthat

to f theL ettersthemselves theyhave

knessoftheS troke,whichmakethe

themorecomfortabletothe E ye.

sa Connoisseur.InvainIendeav-

acteragainstthe Charge heknew

theReasonofit,andseveralother

riendshadmadethesameObserva-

me, when,mischievouslybent

eptintomyC loset, toreof f theTopof

nB ask ervil lebyB enjaminF rank lin

antInstanceofthePrejudice

edaga instyourWork . Soonaf terI

aGentlemanconcerningthe

esaidyouwould[be] aMeans

intheNation fortheStrok es

oothinandnarrow , hurttheE ye,

L ineof themw ithoutPa in. " I

w erego ingtocompla inof the

objectto . " No, no , sayshe,

t ioned, butit isnotthat it Isin

sGentlemanwasaC onno isseur. In

portyourcharacteragainst the

B ask ervil lebyB enjaminF ranklindated








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n

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A MI Y

B ask ervil leby

ated1760:

santIn-

mehave

ork.S oon

gwitha

eA rtistsof

would[be]

Readers

trok esof

hinandnar-

B ask ervil lebyB en-

tedL ondon, 1760:

santInstanceof

ntertained

naf terIreturned,

manconcerning

m,hesaidyou

ng allthe

ortheStrok esof

hinandnarrow,

uldneverreada

in. " Ithought,

ocomplainof the

objectto " No,

hnB ask ervil leby

dated1760:

santIn-

mehave

ork.S oon

gwitha

eA rtistsof

would[be]

Readers

trok esof

hinandnar-

hnB ask ervil lebyB en-

L ondon, 1760:

santInstanceof

ntertained

naf terIreturned,

manconcerning

m,hesaidyou

ng allthe

ortheStrok esof

hinandnarrow,

ocomplainof the

objectto " No,

hnB ask ervil leby

d1760:

santIn-

mehave

ork.S oon

gwitha

eA rtistsof

trok esof

hinandnar-

hnB ask ervil lebyB en-

ondon,1760:

santInstanceof

ntertained

naf terIreturned,

manconcerning

m,hesaidyou

blindinga llthe

ortheStrok esof

ocomplainof the


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92/402

A MI Y

skervillebyBenjamin

don, 1760:

santInstanceof the

rtainedagainstyour

ned,discoursingwith a

eA rtistsofBirming-

j aMeansofblinding

ion fortheStrok esof

hinandnarrow,hurt the

rreadaL ineof themw ith-

sa idI, " youw erego ingto

hePaper,someobject

she, " Ihaveheardthatmen-

it IsintheF ormandGut

es theyhavenotthat

eS troke,whichmake

uchthe morecomfort-

skervillebyBenjaminF ranklindated








ssof thePaper, someobjectto - " No,






acteragainstthe Charge heknew

theReasonofit,andseveralother

riendshadmadethesameObserva-



B ask ervil lebyB enjamin

on, 1760:

santInstanceof the

rtainedagainstyour

ned,discoursingwith a

eA rtistsofBirming-

j aMeansofblinding

ion fortheStrok esof

hinandnarrow,hurt the

rreadaL ineof themw ith-

sa idI, " youw erego ingto

hePaper,someobject

heS troke,whichmake

uchthe morecomfort-

hnB ask ervil lebyB enjaminF ranklindated








ssof thePaper, someobjectto - " No,





sa Connoisseur,InvainIendeav-


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A MI Y

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s y ~ * f f > b |

> - ^ > -~ /z f p - ? - J J /f r- T ^ , I

putit innoOne spow erto letMr. C aslonseethem"


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:

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f

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A MI Y

M

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A MI Y

L M NO P

a kd ef g

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x pandes

s

D D ,A T

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eon24 pointtype.


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MI Y

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ff l l2 3 45 6 7 9 0 . , - : ! ? " "

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minF rank lin

edA pr. 21, 17 5:

recot-

nens,and

ksetc.etc.

aperin

acturersof

tthisgood

dw hoare

dw illnot

emselves

ce if cottons

minF rank lin

pr. 21, 17 5:

recot-

nens,and

ksetc.etc.

aperin

acturersof

tthisgood

emselves

ce if cottons

minF rank lintoB .

edA pr. 21, 17 5:

recottons,

and cutlery,and

c.,so astosellthem

themanufactur-

, isnotthisgood

dwhoarenot

llnoteventheman-

arethebenefit

aper,alltheother

cottonswillsave

erest.If books

fromIreland,

minF rank lintoB.

p r . 2 1 , 17 5 :

recottons,

and cutlery,and

c.,so astosellthem

themanufactur-

, isnotthisgood

dwhoarenot

willnoteventheman-

erest.If books

fromIreland,

minF rank lin

pr. 21, 17 5:

recot-

nens,and

ksetc.etc.

aperin

acturersof

emselves

ce if cottons

minF rank lintoB .

p r . 2 1 , 17 5 :

recottons,

and cutlery,and

c.,so astosellthem

themanufactur-

, isnotthisgood

dwhoarenot

erest.If books

fromIreland,

M NO PQ R T UV

M NO PQ R T UV

1 23 45 67 9 0


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MI Y

minF rank lintoB.

pril21, 17 5:

recottons,stuffs

lery, andtoys,

astosell themcheap-

manufacturersofE ng-

oodforthepeople

manufacturers and

urersthemselves

nce if cottonsarecheaper,

whowearcottons

dsoofthe rest.If

cheaperfromIreland,

htBlackstonethere

nE nglandatfour

minF rank lintoB . V aughan

A p ri l 21 , 17 5 :

canmanufacturecottons, stuff sand

y,andtoys,and books

hemcheaperin E ngland

nglandsellthem,is

leofE nglandwhoare

dwillnoteventhemanu-

ethebenef it S ince if

other manufacturers

in thatarticle,andso

hadmuchcheaper

vefor IboughtBlack-

wassoldinE ngland

anadvantagenotto

ed,buttoE nglishread-

ofallthe complainants

minF rank lintoB .

pril21, 17 5:

recottons,stuffs

tlery, andtoys,

astosellthem cheap-


oodforthepeople

manufacturers and

urersthemselves

nce if cottonsarecheaper,

swhowearcottons

htBlackstonethere

nE nglandatfour


1 , 17 5 :

recottons,stuffsand

y,andtoys,and books

hemcheaperin E ngland

nglandsellthem,is

leofE nglandwhoare

dwillnoteventhemanu-

ethebenef it S ince if

other manufacturers

in thatarticle,andso

hadmuchcheaper

ed,buttoE nglishread-

ofallthe complainants

minF rank lintoB .

pril21, 17 5:

recottons,stuffs

utlery,and toys,

astosellthem cheap-


oodforthepeople

manufacturers and

urersthemselves

htBlackstonethere


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109/402


17 5 :

recottons,stuffsand

y,andtoys,and booksetc.

mcheaperinE nglandthan

glandsellthem,isnot this

nglandwhoarenotmanufac-

nthemanufacturersthem-

S ince if cottonsarecheaper,

swho-wearcottonswill

oftherest. Ifbookscan

Ireland,(which Ibelieve

refor 24/-whenitwas

uineas)is notthisanadvan-

k se llersindeed, buttoEnglish

ndofallthe complainants

sareleastworthyofconsid-

ulastsentme amazesmeby

the lowest)a f fi edtoeach

minF rank lintoB . V aughanEs< { .

recottons,stuffsandsilk= ,

dtoys,and booksetc.etc.etc..

rinE nglandthanthemanttfut-

m,isnot thisgoodforthepeopli

manufacturers andw illnoteven

elvessharethebenefit S inceif

other manufacturerswho

at article,andsoofthe rest.

cheaperfromIreland,(whichI

tonetherefor 24/-whenitwas

uineas)is notthisanadvantage

rsindeed,buttoE nglishreaders

llthe complainantsperhaps

tworthyofconsideration.The

amazesmeby thehighprices

i edtoeacharticle. A ndonecan

houtobservingthe e cessive

puffupa paperofversesintv

toanoctavo,and anoctavointo


17 5 :

recottons,stuffsand

y,andtoys,and booksetc.

mcheaperinE nglandthan

glandsellthem,isnot this

nglandwhoarenotmanufac-

nthemanufacturersthem-

S ince if cottonsarecheaper,

swhowearcottonswill

oftherest. Ifbookscan

Ireland,(which Ibelieve

refor 24/-whenitwas

ulastsentme amazesmeby

the lowest)a f fi edtoeach

minF rank lintoB . V aughanEsq.

5 :

cturecottons,stuffsandsilks,

dtoys,and booksetc.etc.etc.,

rinE nglandthanthemanufac-

em,isnot this.goodforthepeople

manufacturers andw illnoteven

elvessharethebenefit S inceif

other manufacturerswho

at article,andsoofthe rest

cheaperfromIreland,(which1

tonetherefor 24/-whenitwas

uineas)is notthisanadvantage

rsindeed,buttoE nglishreaders

llthe complainantsperhaps


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110/402

MI Y

nk lintoB . V aughanEsq. dated

recottons,stuffsandsilks,and

s,andbooksetc. etc.etc.,sousto

andthanthemanufacturersofE ng-

oodforthepeopleof E nglandwho

andwillnoteventhemanufacturers

fit S inceifcottonsare cheaper,all

howearcottonswillsavein that

fbookscan behadmuchcheaper

ievefor IboughtBlackstonethere

so ldinE nglandatfourguineas)isnotthis

lishbooksellersindeed,buttoE nglish

earning. A ndofa llthecomplainantsperhaps

worthyofconsideration.Thecata-

azesmebythehighprices (saidtobe

acharticle. A ndonecanscarceseeanew

gthee cessiveartificesmayuseofto

fversesintoapamphlet, apamphletintoan

toa quarto,withscabboardings,white

type and typography_ the designers type book - ben rosen

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