REPUBLIC OF TURKEY

Often Grouped with:

Middle EastWestern Europe

Southeastern EuropeSouthwestern Asia

Mustafa Kemal, "Atatürk" - Father of the Turks:

"Peace at Home, Peace in the World.”

REPULIC OF TURKEY Ottoman Empire from 1218-1922

Duration: 640 years

Istanbul, Turkey, where two continents meet.

BRIEF HISTORYTURKEY -- a new country in an old land.

•Civilizations include Hittite, Thracian, Hellenistic, and Byzantine

•Anatolia, the most productive part of the massive Byzantine Empire with its capital in Constantinople.

•The Ottoman Empire dynasty (from 1218-1922) endured for six centuries through the reigns of thirty-six sultans.

•Occupation in the aftermath of World War I, prompted the establishment of the Turkish national movement.

•Turkish War of Independence was waged, under the leadership of Mustafa Kemal, a military commander

•“Republic of Turkey" was born on October 29, 1923, with the new capital of Ankara.

•Mustafa Kemal - first President of Turkey, introduced many radical reforms with the aim of founding a new secular republic from the remnants of its Ottoman past. Atatürk and his associates regarded both religious rules and traditional cultural practices as hindrances to the creation a modern society.

•Ideal society for Turkey was the pattern of personal and family relations that prevailed among the educated upper classes of Europe during the 1920s and 1930s.

Main CitiesIstanbul is Turkey’s largest city (approx. 12 million) and the country’s undisputed cultural and financial center

Ankara is Turkey’s capital and second-largest city (pop. 4.5 million), Ankara is the seat of government and diplomacy and is also a university town with a large student population.

Edirne is one of the oldest settlements in Turkey, dating back to the Neolithic age 7.000-6.000 B.C. and was also the second largest city of the Ottoman Empire. Hence, its rich cultural heritage

Izmir, a city on the Aegean coast is Turkey’s third-largest city and second most important port.

• The Church of the Divine Wisdom (Hagia Sophia in Greek) in Istanbul is one of the most impressive and important buildings ever constructed. • Events of all kinds have taken their toll on the building over the centuries, although the surviving main structure is essentially that which was built between 532 and 537.

Source http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/haso/hd_haso.htm

The Sultan Ahmed Mosque is a historical mosque in Istanbul, the largest city in Turkey and the capital of the Ottoman Empire (from 1453 to 1923). The mosque is popularly known as the Blue Mosque for the blue tiles adorning the walls of its interior.

Gross Domestic Product

Member Level of Health

Overall Health System

Performance

Ranking in Health Expenditure Capital

in International Dollars

SAUDI ARABIA 

10 26 61

ISRAEL 

40 28 19

EGYPT 

43 63 115

TURKEY 

33 70 82

IRAN 

58 93 94

IRAQ 

75 103 117

HEALTH PERFORMANCE RANK BY COUNTRYProvided by World Health Organization

191 Countries reporting

From the World Health Organization, provided by

http://www.photius.com/rankings.

Reference to Chart above:

Computer Industry Almanac Inc.= Comp. Ind. Almanac

International Telecommunication Union= ITU

Computer Industry Almanac Inc. http://www.c-i-a.com

WOMEN IN TURKEY

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

Women Leaders and Gender Parity The Global Gender Gap Report 2010

www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_GenderGap_Report_2010.pdf

Foreign Economic Relations Board of Turkey (DEİK)TURKSTAT

http://www.turkey-now.org

Illiterate Workers

Tertiary Education

Below High School Workers

60/100

10/100

15/100

High/Voc. Tech School

15/100

EDUCATION LEVEL OF WORKING WOMEN

Profession Women Members of Parliament

4%

Civil Service 33%

Academia 36%

Law 19.7%

Medicine 33.8%

School Principals

4%

UNICEF Worldwidehttp://www.unicef.org/turkey/gr/ge21c.html

WOMEN in PROFESSION

1. Urbanization &2. Decline in agricultural employment

are the two main factors that have contributed to decrease the share of women having or seeking jobs in Turkey

EDUCATIONTwo main changes in 1923 dramatically affected Education in Turkey:•secularization •change of alphabet.

The Ministry of Education has the largest budget of any with an allocation of over 22% of the national budget.

Education : Compulsory for 8 years (recently decreed) A special feature of primary schools is that one teacher takes care of all the students in one class, from the first grade and continues with those children for eight years until they finish their compulsory education.

High School: 3 years and free unless attending a private school at about $4000 a year.

College: Unlike the earlier educational levels, students have to pay a fee of approximately 100-350 US Dollars per year at public higher education facilities.

Education: Turkish Education Systemwww.enjoyturkey.com/info/facts/Education.htm

Ankara, TurkeyEstablished on April 15, 1946.

Universal Decimal ClassificationUDC – subject= 027.7(73):024.68

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National Library of Turkey

The National Library of Turkey is one of the most recent National libraries in the world. The work of the National Library of Turkey was started on April 15, 1946 and they started serving its users in the new building on August 5, 1983.

LIBRARY AFFILIATIONS http://www.kutuphaneci.org.tr

Turkish Librarians’ Association

•June 3, 1961, the main charter for this professional organization for Turkish Librarians

•IFLA (The International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions)

•CDNL (The Conference of Directors of National Libraries)

•CENL (The Conference of European National Librarians)

•LIBER (The Association of European Research Libraries)

Bibliographic sources for Librarians is LISA (Library and Information Science Abstracts).

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Library Week in Turkey

For the past 47 years, the last week in March has been celebrated as Library Week in Turkey with the goal of developing the love of reading and emphasizing the importance of books to students and the awareness of libraries for the general public.

PROFESSIONAL PUBLICATIONS

TURKISH UNIVERSITIES•100 public universities •about 50 private, non-profit universities, which are referred to as foundation universities

•an additional 20 or so higher education institutions are vocational in nature or are military or police schools.

•Although Turkish universities do not typically rank within the top 100 in the world

•a number of schools rank in the top 500 including Istanbul University, Middle East Technical University and Bilkent University.

•Turkish technology and engineering schools are often considered to provide an equivalent education to schools in the US.

1453 – Istanbul University was founded and is the oldest university in Turkey

1773 – establishment of Istanbul Technical University to provide engineering education in the Western sense

1923 - establishment of Ankara University 1923

ISTANBUL UNIVERSITYEstablished in 1773

during the time of the Ottoman Empire

Bilkent University enrolls 10840 students in faculties and schools on campus in Ankara, Turkey

TURKEY UNIVERSITIES

FOUNDATIONS

Professor İhsan Doğramacı FOUNDATION(April 3, 1915 – February 25, 2010)

•Turkish academic of Iraqi Turkmen descent

•Born in Erbil, Iraq, then Ottoman Empire

•A pediatric physician and an international •leader of development

•Founder of Bilkent University, a leading private university, in Ankara, Turkey

•In 1946, he was a Co-ratifier of World Health Organization (WHO's) constitution

•First President and the Chairman of its Board of Trustees in WHO (World Health Organization) since 1985.

•Founder of the Children's Hospital in Ankara, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, the first College of Nursing and several other universities in Turkey where he also served as the Rector and Chancellor

•Started schools and educational facilities across the Middle East Region, especially in his home country of Israel.

FUNDING AGENCIESThe top 8 funding agencies of 2009 are governmental based.

The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey Established in 1963

• Leading agency for management, funding and conduct of research in Turkey• Mission is to advance science and technology, conduct research and support

Turkish researchers• Declared to be an autonomous institution • Governed by a Scientific Board whose members are prominent scholars from

universities, industry and research institutions.• TUBITAK Reports directly to the Prime Minister• Acts as an advisory agency to the Turkish Government on science and

research issues, • supports undergraduate and graduate students through scholarships.

The Turkish Academy of Sciences

Turkish: Türkiye Bilimler Akademisi - TÜBA

TÜBA is an autonomous scholarly society acting

to promote scientific activities in Turkey.

Although it is attached to the office of the Prime Minister and is largely funded by the government, it maintains financial and administrative autonomy.

The academy is headquartered in Ankara, Turkey.

http://www.interacademies.net

• Founded as a service unit of TUBITAK in 1996.

• ULAKBIM's main objective is to operate a computer network enabling interaction within the institutional elements of national innovation system

• ULAKBIM consists of

• National Academic Network Unit: forms the academic network infrastructure in Turkey at all levels

• Cahit Arf Information Center, provides information and document supply services nationwide

Kentriki, Turkey http://www.mam.gov.tr/english/

TUBITAK Marmara Research Center,

TUBITAK ULAKBIM

• The Women’s Library and Information Centre Foundationwas founded April 14,1990 in order to ‘understand the presence of women in history, offer proper information to women researchers and preserve today’s written documents for future generations’. The Foundation resides in a historical building in Fener, Istanbul which was provided by the Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality.

• Community Volunteers Foundation

• Republic of Turkey, Ministry of Culture and Tourism

• Deutsche Bank A.Ş.

• Finansinvest

• Fortis Bank A.Ş.

• Horizon Investment SA

• Western Union Foundation

http://media.library.ku.edu.tr/KITAP/5-Ana%20metin.pdf

OTHER FOUNDATIONS OF TURKEY

SJR WORLD REPORT 2010 Physical Sciences

2277 Research Institutes reporting

SCImago Research Group, Copyright 2010. Data Source: Scopus®

World Rank Region Rank Rank in Country Institution City Output IC%

375 120 1Istanbul Technical

University Istanbul, Tr 3,325 26.26

396 133 2Middle East Technical

University Ankara, Tr 3,191 26.48

590 214 3 Gazi University Ankara, Tr 2,006 10.62

693 244 4 Hacettepe University Ankara, Tr 1,705 22.99

779 268 5 Ankara University Ankara, Tr 1,490 22.75

World Rank

Region Rank

Country Rank Institution City in Turkey Output IC%

104 30 1 Istanbul University Istanbul,Tr 4,527 11.69

122 39 2 Hacettepe University Ankara,Tr 4,216 13.69

287 115 4 Baskent University Ankara,Tr 2,374 3.33

313 126 5 Ege University Ankara,Tr 2,215 33.23

317 128 6 Gazi University Ankara,Tr 2,181 6.10

SJR WORLD REPORT 2010 Health Sciences

1,875 Institutes and University Reporting

SCImago Research Group, Copyright 2010. Data Source: Scopus®

Subject Area of Publication

1996 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

Medicine 2.344 8.524 8.871 8.847 9.365 10,093

Agricultural and Biological Sciences 490 1.532 1.998 2.026 2.252 2,773

Engineering 530 1.375 1.647 2.099 2.076 2,375

Biochemistry, Genetics, Molecular Biology 470 1.806 1.948 2.086 1.938 2,222

Chemistry 349 1.143 1.243 1.497 1.577 1,690

Multidisciplinary 3 39 127 121 141 224

Nursing 3 52 109 145 169 179

Arts and Humanities 9 42 50 71 128 173

Health Professions 45 159 155 171 173 172

SUBJECT AREAS OF PUBLICATION

Six of 27 subject areas are shownwith output by Medicine being the greatest.

The four lowest ranking subject areas are listed in red.

SCImago. (2007). SJR — SCImago Journal & Country Rank.Retrieved June 25, 2011, from http://www.scimagojr.com

AUTHOR SEARCHThe Search performed below is limited by Author in order

to find who authored the most during 2009.Available from Web of Science

Year Documents% International Collaboration

% Region % World

1996 5,580 18.96 1.66 0.49

2005 19,018 19.23 3.93 1.09

2006 21,239 18.56 4.15 1.16

2007 23,029 18.70 4.36 1.2

2008 23,888 18.96 4.35 1.21

2009 27,318 18.36 4.69 1.34

OUTPUT FROM TURKEY 2005-2009 with 1996 as comparison

SJR: SCImago Journal & Country Rank /Country Search /Western Europe/Turkey http://www.scimagojr.com/countrysearch.php?country=TR

Hirsch Index RankingsSCImago Research Group, Copyright 2010. Data Source: Scopus®

http://www.scimagolab.com :: http://www.scimagoir.com

Rank Year Documents Citable documents Citations Self-Citations Citations per

Document H index

37 / 225 2009 27,318 25,818 23,114 7,724 0.85 158

37 / 218 2008 23,888 22,658 52,423 15,317 2.19 158

37 / 223 2007 23,029 21,953 86,257 23,940 3.75 158

37 / 219 2006 21,239 20,155 100,320 28,017 4.72 158

37 / 215 2005 19,018 18,117 113,480 31,234 5.97 158

               

37 / 207 1996 5,580 5,398 46,468 14,031 8.33 158

This table was ranked by H index which remained flat at 158 from 1996 until present. The Number of documents increased dramatically in the last 5 years - from 19,018 to 27,318 but the citations per document reduced significantly from 5.97 per document in 2005 to .85 in 2009. In fact, looking back to 1996, the citations per document was at 8.33 which seems to indicate that the productivity has increased but the influence of the work has declined.

The Republic of TURKEY

TURKEY.

With courage,

and determination,

they move ahead.