truck crane training bill brown
DESCRIPTION
Truck Crane review TrainingTRANSCRIPT
Wheel mounted crane
(wagon crane) consists of a rotating superstructure with power plant, operating machinery and boom, mounted on a base or platform equipped with axles and rubber tired wheels for travel. Its function is to hoist and swing loads at various radii.
Truck Crane
A truck Crane consists of a rotating superstructure with power plant, operating machinery and boom, mounted on a automotive truck equipped with a power plant for travel. Its function is to hoist and swing loads at various radii.
. DEFINITIONS
AUTHORIZED: IS ONE APPOINTED OR CREDENTIALLED BY A DULY CONSTITUTED ADMINISTRATIVE OR REGULATORY AUTHORITY
Competent PersonA competent person is one who by knowledge, training and experience has demonstrated the ability to solve problems and preform functions relating to the subject matter and
work
Truck Crane
Semi Truck Crane
Large Boom Truck
Carry Deck Crane
O S H A
Occupational Safety & Health Administration
Federal Law (Required action)
A N S I
American National Standards Institute
.Reaction Time
Measure how quickly the person reacts to a set of signals, or to an emergency
Distance Judgement
Measurement of depth perception is important for Crane Operators.
Hearing
Several devices are available to test hearing ability. The person should be able to meet standard requirements.
ANGLE INDICATOR
MEASURES ANGLE OF BOOM TO HORIZON
Angle Chart
SAFETY RULES
There are many safety rules that have been set up to be observed by Crane Operators. However, if you follow these
rules you will observe most of the necessary precautions while operating your crane.
.
1. No one but a regularly authorized operator is allowed to use any crane.
2. Load Rating Chart with clearly legible letters and figures shall be provided and fixed to the crane. Must be clearly visible to operator at there controls 3. Before moving crane, be sure that the hook is high enough to Clear all obstacles.
4. The operator SHALL NOT leave their position at the controls while a load is suspended. 5. The Cranes Wire Rope SHALL NOT be wrapped
around. the load. Slings must be utilized 6. Do Not carry load over people on floor; sound warning devices if crane is equipped to warn persons nearby.
7. Do not allow anyone to ride on a load carried by thecrane, or on the crane hook.
8. Do not drag slings chains or lifting devices out fromunder loads that have been landed
9. If you are asked to do something that you DO NOT believe is safe,
you should refuse to do it, and call your foreman/supervisor in charge for advice
10.DO NOT exceed the rated capacity of your Hoist/Crane
11. An Operator MUST NOT operate a crane if he/she is not physically
fit to do so.
12. In case of a problem always STOP operation and open the power switch.
If your crane fails to respond correctly call your foreman/supervisor.
Attempting to get out of difficulty by repeating the operation may make the condition worse instead of better
15. Crane operators must follow the signals given to them only by authorized persons (THE ASSIGNED RIGGER) and should ignore directions given by others during operation of their equipment.
The only EXCEPTION to this rule is if ANYONE commands them to EMERGENCY STOP.
Crane Hand Signals
BOOM UP Hoist Up Slow Hoist Down
Boom Down Hoist Up Walk Crane
Crane Hand Signals #2
Swing Crane ------------------/ Retract Boom-------/ Everything Slow
EXTEND BOOM
Crane Hand Signals # 3
Emergency Stop------------------------------------- Routine Stop------------
Who can give the hand signals? or Who can be a signaler?
a person qualified to give crane signals to the operator, there should be only one designated signaler at a time, if signalers are changing between each other, the one in charge should wear a clearly visible badge of authority, a crane operator should move loads only on signals from one signaler, a crane operator must obey STOP signals no matter who gives it.
DON’T BE A HEADLINE
SUMMARYEvery worker should know crane hand signals.
Knowing the signals may allow you to help out when needed If you are asked to be a signal person, make sure you are using the same signals as other workers and operators on the project When tower cranes or situations where hand signals are not safe enough, ensure that a two-way radio is used for voice communication. This will give you direct contact with the operator. Whatever system you use - hands or radio - make sure the equipment and workers are able to do the job right.
Don't Be a Headline
Cranes
Cranes are designed to make “Vertical lifts of loads ONLY,
DO NOT angle/side load unless it has been determined by a qualified person not to pose a hazard to equipment or personnel.
Limit Devices
A limiting device shall be installed and maintainted to prevent the hook or other end fitting from contacting the upper sheaves.
Booms
When sections of booms are added or removed, full number of bolts or pins of the material and size recommended by the manfacture
Fire Extinguishers
(i) A carbon dioxide, dry chemical, or equivalent fire extinguisher shall be kept in cab or vicinity of the crane
(ii) Operating and maintenance personal shall be made familiar with the use and care of the fire extinguishers provided.
Power Lines
For operating near electric power lines:
See 1910.333 (c) (3)
Load Rating
Load ratings - where stability governs lifting performance."
1910.180(c)(1)(i) The margin of stability for determination of load
ratings, with booms of stipulated lengths at stipulated working radii for the various types of crane mountings, is established by taking a percentage of the loads which will produce a condition of tipping or balance with the boom in the least stable direction, relative to the mounting. The load ratings shall not exceed the following percentages for cranes, with the indicated types of mounting under conditions stipulated in paragraphs (c)(1)(ii) and (iii) of this section. Truck cranes 85%
1910.180(c)(2) "Load rating chart." A substantial and durable rating chart with clearly legible letters and figures shall be provided with each crane and securely fixed to the crane cab in a location easily visible to the operator while seated at his control station.
Load Rating Chart
Inspection classification" -
1910.180(d)(1) "Initial inspection." Prior to initial use all new and
altered cranes shall be inspected to insure compliance with provisions of this section.
..1910.180(d)(2) 1910.180(d)(2) "Regular inspection." Inspection procedure for cranes
in regular service is divided into two general classifications based upon the intervals at which inspection should be performed. The intervals in turn are dependent upon the nature of the critical components of the crane and the degree of their exposure to wear, deterioration, or malfunction. The two general classifications are herein designated as "frequent" and "periodic", with respective intervals between inspections as defined below:
Inspection of your Truck Crane
Frequent inspection: Daily to monthly intervals.1910.180(d)(2)(ii) Periodic inspection: 1- to 12- month intervals, or as
specifically recommended by the manufacturer.1910.180(d)(3) "Frequent inspection." Items such as the following
shall be inspected for defects at intervals as defined in paragraph (d)(2)(i) of this section or as specifically indicated including observation during operation for any defects which might appear between regular inspections. Any deficiencies such as listed shall be carefully examined and determination made as to whether they constitute a safety hazard:
Daily Inspections to monthly1910.180(d)(3)(i) All control mechanisms for maladjustment
interfering with proper operation: Daily.1910.180(d)(3)(ii) All control mechanisms for excessive wear
of components and contamination by lubricants or other foreign matter.
1910.180(d)(3)(iii) All safety devices for malfunction.1910.180(d)(3)(iv) Deterioration or leakage in air or hydraulic
systems: Daily.
Page 2 of inspections procedours
..1910.180(d)(3)(v) 1910.180(d)(3)(v) Crane hooks with deformations or cracks. For hooks
with cracks or having more than 15 percent in excess of normal throat opening or more than 10 deg. twist from the plane of the unbent hook.
1910.180(d)(3)(vi) Rope reeving for noncompliance with manufacturer's
recommendations.1910.180(d)(3)(vii) Electrical apparatus for malfunctioning, signs of
excessive deterioration, dirt, and moisture accumulation.
Periodic Inspection
Periodic inspection." Complete inspections of the crane shall be performed at intervals as generally defined in paragraph (d)(2)(ii) of this section depending upon its activity, severity of service, and environment, or as specifically indicated below. These inspections shall include the requirements of paragraph (d)(3) of this section and in addition, items such as the following. Any deficiencies such as listed shall be carefully examined and determination made as to whether they constitute a safety hazard:
Inspection Steps Page 1
Deformed, cracked, or corroded members in the crane structure and boom.
1910.180(d)(4)(ii) Loose bolts or rivets. 1910.180(d)(4)(iii) Cracked or worn sheaves and drums. ..1910.180(d)(4)(iv) 1910.180(d)(4)(iv) Worn, cracked, or distorted parts such as pins, bearings,
shafts, gears, rollers and locking devices. 1910.180(d)(4)(v) Excessive wear on brake and clutch system parts, linings,
pawls, and ratchets.
Inspection Steps Page 2
1910.180(d)(4)(vi) Load, boom angle, and other indicators over their full
range, for any significant inaccuracies.1910.180(d)(4)(vii) Gasoline, diesel, electric, or other power plants for
improper performance or noncompliance with safety requirements.
1910.180(d)(4)(viii) Excessive wear of chain-drive sprockets and excessive
chain stretch.1910.180(d)(4)(ix) Travel steering, braking, and locking devices, for
malfunction.1910.180(d)(4)(x) Excessively worn or damaged tires.
Rope Inspection
Rope inspection." -1910.180(g)(1) "Running ropes." A thorough inspection of all ropes in
use shall be made at least once a month and a certification record which includes the date of inspection, the signature of the person who performed the inspection and an identifier for the ropes shall be prepared and kept on file where readily available. All inspections shall be performed by an appointed or authorized person. Any deterioration, resulting in appreciable loss of original strength shall be carefully observed and determination made as to whether further use of the rope would constitute a safety hazard. Some of the conditions that could result in an appreciable loss of strength are the following:
..1910.180(g)(1)(i)
Rope inspection #2
1910.180(g)(1)(i) Reduction of rope diameter below nominal diameter
due to loss of core support, internal or external corrosion, or wear of outside wires.
1910.180(g)(1)(ii) A number of broken outside wires and the degree of
distribution of concentration of such broken wires.1910.180(g)(1)(iii) Worn outside wires.1910.180(g)(1)(iv) Corroded or broken wires at end connections.1910.180(g)(1)(v) Corroded, cracked, bent, worn, or improperly applied
end connections.
Rope inspection # 3
1910.180(g)(1)(vi) Severe kinking, crushing, cutting, or
unstranding.1910.180(g)(2) "Other ropes."1910.180(g)(2)(i) Heavy wear and/or broken wires may occur
in sections in contact with equalizer sheaves or other sheaves where rope travel is limited, or with saddles. Particular care shall be taken to inspect ropes at these locations.
..1910.180(g)(2)(ii)
NEVER USE A BAD ROPE!
KNOW THE LOAD
THE OPERATOR IS NEVER TO EXCEED THE CAPACITY OF THE CRANE.
Look on shippers tag for the weight or weigh the item on shipping scale.
If unsure always ask !
Testing
Testing" -1910.180(e)(1) "Operational tests."1910.180(e)(1)(i) In addition to prototype tests and quality-
control measures, each new production crane shall be tested by the manufacturer to the extent necessary to insure compliance with the operational requirements of this paragraph including functions such as the following:
Maintenance Procedure
"Maintenance procedure" - "General." After adjustments and repairs have been made the crane shall not be operated until all guards have been reinstalled, safety devices reactivated, and maintenance equipment removed
Idle Ropes
All rope which has been idle for a period of a month or more due to shutdown or storage of a crane on which it is installed shall be given a thorough inspection before it is used. This inspection shall be for all types of deterioration and shall be performed by an appointed or authorized person whose approval shall be required for further use of the rope. A certification record which includes the date of inspection, the signature of the person who performed the inspection, and an identifier for the rope which was inspected shall be prepared and kept readily available.
1910.180(g)(2)(iii) Particular care shall be taken in the inspection of
nonrotating rope.1910.180(h)
Records
"Inspection records." Certification records which include the date of inspection, the signature of the person who performed the inspection and the serial number, or other identifier, of the crane which was inspected shall be made monthly on critical items in use such as brakes, crane hooks, and ropes. This certification record shall be kept readily available.
PATH OF OPERATOR
DAILY INSPECTION
1910.179
B30.2 OPERATION
1. PROPER OPERATION, ALL MOTIONS,PROPER MARKING ON CONROLER
2. CHECK ALL BRAKES (NO EXCESSIVE DRIFT) (REVERSE PLUGGING OK)
3.CHECK LOWER HOOK FOR DAMAGE (NICKS,WELDS,SADDLE WEAR, HOOK BEARING)
4. CHECK HOOK BEARING (FREE MOVEMENT) & HOOK LATCH FOR PROPER FIT, 15% HOOK STRECH, 10% TWIST
5. CHECK WIRE ROPE FOR BROKEN WIRES,LOSE OF DIAM,KINKS, CRUSHED,OR ANY DAMAGE.
6. CHECK ROPE REEVING FOR PROPER INSTALLATION AND FIT ON DRUM.
7. CHECK LIMIT DEVICE, CHECK BY INCHING, & FULL SPEED, REVERSE PHASE.
8.OIL LEAKAGE ( NO LEAKS ALLOWED)
19. UNUSUAL NOISE AND VIBRATION ( REPORT ANY IF FOUND)
10. WARNING AND SAFETY LABLES, CHECK TO SEE IF INSTALLED, PENDENT, DISCONNECT.
PATH OF THE OPERATOR INSPECTION DAILY CHECK
Lower block
Check Sheaves and Lower Hook in block assy. Check the hook bearing for free movement.
The lower hook must have a safety latch.
Note: Unless it causes operator more harm than good. (must be written down why)
Load testing to 100% to 110% max.
OPERATING CONTROLS
ALL LABLES MUST BE LEGABLE
MUST HAVE STRAIN RELIEF ATTACHED
PENDENT MUST NOT HAVE ANY CRACKS