Transportation of Hazardous

ChemicalsAssoc. Prof. Dr. Chalermchai Chaikittiporn,

Faculty of Public Health, Mahidol University, Thailand

Conference on Chemical (Industrial) Disaster Management, Pipelines,Storages &Medical

PreparednessFeb.11-13,2009 New,Delhi

Topics of Presentation

A. An Overview of International Regulations concerning Transport of Dangerous Goods

B. Adaptation/Trend of Thai Regulations and ASEAN Agreement concerning Transport of Dangerous Goods

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Definition of Dangerous Goods

Dangerous Goods are Substances and Cargo, which, based on their

- nature,

- properties, and behavior as well as

- conditions,

may cause, during the transport, a Hazard in particular to

- the public safety ,

- the health of the people,

- the damages and loss of the infrastructure and equipment, also

- the negative effects and contamination to the environment

When transporting Hazardous Chemicals which are classified to be “Dangerous for transport” into one of the total 9 classes based on the UN Classification Criteria,

these Hazardous Chemicals are called “Dangerous Goods”.

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System of Linkage

http://www.unece.org/trans/danger/danger.htm

International Regulations for Dangerous Goods Transport System

Multi-modal Transport: UN Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods: a so-called “UN Model Regulations” or “Orange Book”

Road: The Restructured ADR of UNECE in Geneva,

Rail: The Restructured RID of OTIF in Bern,

Inland Waterways: The Restructured ADN of UNECE in Geneva,

Sea: IMDG Code of IMO in London, Air: IATA-DGR of ICAO-TI of ICAO

Montreal

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Incident Place: Petchburi Road, BangkokDate: 24 Sep 1990Time: around 22:00 hrs.

54 Death with 97 injury

Cause: Careless driving and low standard of tank equipment

Substance involved: Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG)

Past Dangerous Goods Incidents in Thailand

Incident Place: Phang-Nga ProvinceDate: 15 Feb 1991Time: around 15:00 hrs.

Cause: Careless driving, low public awareness of consequence of explosive substances

Incident Place: Express Way, BangkokDate: 4 Sep 2001Time: around 05:00 hrs.

Cause: Careless driving and misleading of emergency clean-up

171 Death with 99 injury

Substance involved: Explosive Substances

Substance involved: Explosive Substances

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International Regulations for Dangerous Goods Transport System adopted to Thai Provisions

Thai Provisions Vol. 2

Thai Provisions Vol. 2

Thai Provisions Vol. 3

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Multi-ModalMulti-Modal

Based on the “Orange Book”, TP-I was approved by the cabinet on May 23, 2000 to be used as a framework regulations for transport of dangerous goods applicable to all modes of transport

Thai Provisions Volume 1 (TP1) Thai Provisions Volume 1 (TP1) Thai Provisions Volume 2 (TP2)Thai Provisions Volume 2 (TP2)RoadRoad

Based on the “ADR”, TP-II was approved by the cabinet on Dec 28, 2004 to be used as a framework regulations for transport of dangerous goods applicable to road transport

Hazmat 1 Training HandbookHazmat 1 Training Handbook

Adaptation/Trend of Thai Regulations concerning Transport of Dangerous Goods

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Protocol 9: Agreement for transport of DG in transit in ASEAN Countries

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UN Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods

Classification of Dangerous Goods

List of Dangerous Goods most

commonly carried

Packing• Packaging•Intermediate Bulk containers• Multi-modal Tank Containers

Consignment Procedures

Definition of classes/divisions

Test methods and criteria

Name and UN Number

Main hazard and subsidiary risk

Transport conditions• Labeling•Assignment of packing group•Packing methods•Special provisions•Multi-modal tank transport

Construction requirements

Placard

Certification and approval

Marking

Labeling

Transport documentation

Exemption quantities

Modal Requirements

Danger specific to one mode

Restrictions

Types of packaging allowed and quantity limitations

Specific marks

Specific LabelingSpecific items of information

Special exemption

Types of tanks allowed

UN Rec. or TP1UN Rec. or TP1 TP2 & 3 = TP1 +TP2 & 3 = TP1 +Key contents of Dangerous Goods Regulations

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Key Responsibilities

Parties involved in the chain of transport of dangerous goods:

• Consignor

• Packer

• Loader

• Carrier

• Consignee

Packers (1.4.3.2)

Fillers

(1.4.3.3)

Loaders (1.4.3.1)

Carriers

(1.4.2.2)

Drivers(8.2)

Consignee (1.4.2.3)

Consignor ( 1.4.2.1)

Prior to transport

- Consignor (1.4.2.1)

- Loader (1.4.3.1)

- Packer/Filler (1.4.3.2)

& 1.4.3.3)

- Tank-container / portable tank operator (1.4.3.4)

During transport

- Carrier (1.4.2.2)

- Driver (Chapter 8.2)

After transport

- Consignee (1.4.2.3)

Take appropriate measures to reduce or minimize the risk from transport Receive training in the requirements governing the carriage of such goods

appropriate to their responsibilities and duties (Chapter 1.3)

Safety obligations of the participants of the transportation process

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Case Study of good practice – Gate Checks (Germany)

with support of German Technical Cooperation (GTZ) and Industrial Park Hoechst

Gate Check

Process of the checking of vehicles carrying dangerous goods• Check Order Number of Dangerous Goods • Check Transport Number of Dangerous Goods • Identified Card/Passport of Driver• Driver’s training certificate• Driving License • ADR Certificate• Weighting of vehicles•Check before exit – joints & couplings, all documentation

TREMCARD

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Risk Management Project Project Management Board (PMB) 14

TREMCARD

Inspection of Vehicle

• Orange Plate

• Tires Depth (1.6 cm.)

• Tank Code

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Inspection of Equipments

• Pocket Lamp (Explosion Proof)

• Fire Extinguisher

• Goggles

• Gloves

• Eyes-Wash Bottle with Clean Water

• Scotch or wheel-chock

• 2 reflective triangles

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Inspection of Driver

• Alcohol• Drugs

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Thai-German Cooperation on Chemicals Risk Management – a successful and sustainable showcase

Severe accidents on transport of hazardous materials in Thailand; LPG tank truck overturned in Bangkok and a trailer with explosive overturned in Phang-Nga

1990/1991

1st TG project relating Chemicals Risk Management at NESDB on Disaster Management for Transportation of Hazardous Materials

1998

Oil Depot inferno in Chonburi & Potassium Chlorate explosion in Chiang Mai

1999

Thai Provisions vol. 1 (TP1) developed and approved by cabinet

2000

Guideline for safe storage developed

2003

Thai Provisions vol. 2 (TP2) developed and approved by cabinet

&

Chemicals Risk Management Project (CRMP) in BP Area

2004

Capacity development of Thai officials in collaboration with private sector or PPP-like Clariant, (Bayer, BASF, Merck, Infraserv Logistics, DEKRA Umwelt) for a series of training in Germany

2006

Exit Strategy of CRMP & Chemical Safety Management Guideline developed and trained to IPO / IEO nation-wide

2007

Guideline for safe storage adopted to national regulation by DIW

UNEP implemented project on Responsible Production (RP): APELL / SP / CSR in BP area

2008

Possible tri-lateral cooperation with German government and neighboring countries….

2….

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Capacity Development under GTZ Projects

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Thailand History & Roadmap on Development of Regulations relating to Chemicals

An LPG Tanker overturned at Petchburi Rd.. 54 fatality and 97 injury Convention concerning Safety in the Use of Chemicals at Work (ILO-170)1990

1991

An explosive trailer overturned at Thungmaprao in Phang-nga, 171 fatality and 99 injury Hazardous Substance Act,1992( B.E. 2535) into force (Challenge: not directly relevant to transport of dangerous

goods but focusing import, export and having in possession) Basel Convention on the Control of Trans boundary Movements of Hazardous waste and their Disposal

1992

The 1st NMP for Chemical Management

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97

2000 TP-1 approved by cabinet submitted by NESDB DoLT issued a Notification of Driving License Class IV (Challenge: not in

line with TP-2/ADR) and Labeling & Placarding of transport units based on TP-1/UN Rec.

2001

Hazardous Substance Committee issued a notification on fixed-tank with 3 years grace period ASEAN Protocol 9 signed by MoT’s Dep. Minister Notification of Hazardous Substance Committee : Land Transportation of Hazardous Substances

2002 TP-2 approved by cabinet (submitted by MoT) ordering HazSub Committee to be a focal point for implementation

20042005

HazSub notification into force (Challenge: not ready by private sector / neither inspection & testing bodies as well as certification in Th.)

A truck had an accident on an express way in Bangkok releasing acrylonitrile onto the road and drainage.

1993 Convention concerning the Prevention of Major Industrial Accidents (ILO -174 )

2008Implementation of UN Globally Harmonized System of Classification & Labelling of Chemicals (GHS)

2007The 3 rd National Strategic Plan on Chemicals Management

MoI’s Ministerial Notification No.3 (1999) concerning preventive measures for factories falling under 12 categories having high risks to prepare risk assessment report to determine appropriate preventive measures from

realized hazards in November 1999. The explosion of potassium chlorate at a longan-drying factory in

ChiangMai province in September 1999.

1999

The 2nd NMP for Chemical Management

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