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TRANSCRIPT
Transcription and Translation
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Standard(s): • SC.912.L.16.5 Explain the basic processes of
transcription and translation, and how they result in the expression of genes.
Learning objectives: • Students will compare and contrast the processes
of transcription and translation.• Students will model how transcription and
translation lead to the expression of genes.
DNARNAtranscriptiontranslationAmino acidProteinCodon/ anticodon
Guiding question:
How are proteins made according to the code in DNA?
Transcription
Transcription in a nutshell
A pairs with UC pairs with G
RNA base paring rules
Occurs inside the nucleusSpecific gene is copied into mRNA One mRNA codes a single proteinEnd result is the code for a single protein
Translation
mRNA codon chart Alanine : AlaArganine: ArgAsparagine: AsnAspartic acid: AspCysteine: CysGlutamic acid: GluGlutamine: GlnGlycine: GlyHistidine: HistIsoleucine: IleLeucine: LeuLysine:LysMethionine: MetPhenylalanine:PheProline:ProSerine: SerThreonine: ThrTryptophan: TrpTyrosine:TyrValine:ValSTART: Met
Translation in a nutshell
A pairs with UC pairs with G
RNA base paring rules
Occurs in the cytoplasmRequires a ribosome Ribosomal complex: ribosome + mRNA+ tRNAmRNA contains code for specific tRNADifferent tRNA’s bring different amino acids to the ribosomeEnd result is a protein
How do you go from DNA to the color of your eyes?
3 genes code for eye color
Enzyme (protein)That controls levels of melanin
Transcription and translation
SummarizingI used to think … but now I know: Each student will answer: I used to think the color of the eyes came from…….. But now I know……. share with shoulder partner and the class